Portal:Turkey

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Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 86 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while Kurds are the largest ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya.

First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to various ancient peoples. The Hattians were assimilated by the Hittites and other Anatolian peoples. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization after Alexander the Great's conquests, and later Romanization during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded. Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power. From 1789 onwards, the empire saw major changes, reforms, centralization, and rising nationalism while its territory declined.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea. Under the control of the Three Pashas, the Ottoman Empire entered World War I in 1914, during which the Ottoman government committed genocides against its Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian subjects. Following Ottoman defeat, the Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. Turkey emerged as a more homogenous nation state. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modelled on the reforms initiated by its founder and first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during most of World War II, but was involved in the Korean War. Several military interventions interfered with the transition to a multi-party system.

Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 16th-largest by nominal and 11th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP. As the 15th-largest electricity producer in the world, Turkey aims to become a hub for regional energy transportation. It is a unitary presidential republic. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD, G20, and Organization of Turkic States. With a geopolitically significant location, Turkey is a NATO member and has its second-largest military personnel. It may be recognized as an emerging, a middle, and a regional power. As an EU candidate, Turkey is part of the EU Customs Union.

Turkey has coastal plains, a high central plateau, and various mountain ranges with rising elevation eastwards. Turkey's climate is diverse, ranging from Mediterranean and other temperate climates to semi-arid and continental types. Home to three biodiversity hotspots, Turkey is prone to frequent earthquakes and is highly vulnerable to climate change. Turkey has a universal healthcare system, growing access to education, and increasing levels of innovativeness. It is a leading TV content exporter. With numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites and intangible cultural heritage inscriptions, and a rich and diverse cuisine, Turkey is the fourth most visited country in the world. (Full article...)

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Cappadocia (/kæpəˈdoʊʃəˌ -ˈdoʊkiə/; Turkish: Kapadokya, from Greek: Καππαδοκία) is a historical region in Central Anatolia region, Turkey. It is largely in the provinces of Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. Today, the touristic Cappadocia Region is located in Nevşehir province.

According to Herodotus, in the time of the Ionian Revolt (499 BC), the Cappadocians were reported as occupying a region from the Taurus Mountains to the vicinity of the Euxine (Black Sea). Cappadocia, in this sense, was bounded in the south by the chain of mountains that separate it from Cilicia, to the east by the upper Euphrates, to the north by the Pontus, and to the west by Lycaonia and eastern Galatia. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various Turkey-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Selimiye Mosque in Edirne (1568–1574) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 2Dolmabahçe Palace in İstanbul, built by the Balyan family (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 3The sultan of the golden age, Suleiman the Magnificent. (from History of Turkey)
Image 4Sami Frashëri (1850–1904) and his wife Emine, May 1884. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 5Turkish national basketball team won the silver medal in the 2010 FIBA World Championship. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 6Lake Van (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 7Beaches and marina of Kemer near Antalya on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 8Ankara (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 9Yalıs along Sarıyer (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 10View of Beydağları Coastal National Park (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 11Kilitbahir in Gallipoli (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 12An oil wrestling tournament (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 13Hıdırellez celebrations (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 14Regions of Roman Anatolia (from History of Turkey)
Image 15A view of Levent from Kanlıca across the Bosporus. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 16Kaçkar Mountains. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 17Map showing events of the first phases of the Greco-Persian Wars (from History of Turkey)
Image 18Mount Nemrut, Adıyaman (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 19Recaizade Mahmud Ekrem (1847–1914) was another prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 20A lady handweaves a carpet in Cappadocia (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 21Map showing the Anatolian Plate, the North Anatolian Fault and East Anatolian Fault in Turkey. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 22Bronze Age Anatolia (from History of Turkey)
Image 23Turkish coffee (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 24A Turkish belly dancer (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 25Kitesurfers in Akyaka, Muğla (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 26Karagöz and Hacivat are the lead characters of Turkish shadow play, popularized during the Ottoman period. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 27Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca was one of the most prolific Turkish poets of the Turkish Republic with more than 60 collections of his poems published, laureate of the Struga Poetry Evenings Golden Wreath Award. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 28100th year anniversary in Republic Day (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 29Istanbul (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 30Butterfly Valley on the Turkish Riviera. (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 31Atatürk on the cover of the Time magazine, Vol. I No. 4, March 24, 1923. Title: "Mustapha Kemal Pasha" (from History of Turkey)
Image 32A woman in traditional clothing (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 33Halide Edip Adıvar was a novelist, teacher, and a nationalist and feminist intellectual. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 34Aziz Sancar was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 35Mehmed II enters Constantinople by Fausto Zonaro (from History of Turkey)
Image 36Grand Post Office in Istanbul, an example of the first national architectural movement. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 37Map of earthquakes in Turkey 1900–2023 (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 38Mount Erciyes near Kayseri (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 39Istanbul LGBT Pride 2013 at Taksim Square during Gezi Park protests (from History of Turkey)
Image 40Köppen climate types of Turkey (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 41Nuri Bilge Ceylan (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 42Visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to Turkey in October 1917. Together with the Mehmed V and Enver Pasha (from History of Turkey)
Image 43'Two Musician Girls' of Osman Hamdi Bey. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 44Elif Şafak, a prominent writer and LGBT activist. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 45Orhan Pamuk, winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 46Topkapı Palace in Seraglio Point (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 47Thrace and the Thracian Odrysian kingdom in its maximum extent under Sitalces (431-424 BC) (from History of Turkey)
Image 48Mount Ararat (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 49Turkey women's national volleyball team won 22 consecutive matches in 2023. In that period, they completed the Nations League, European Championship and Olympic Qualification Round / FIVB World Cup matches undefeated. Being the first team to do so in history. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 50Selection of Turkish food (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 51Turkish folk dance regions (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 52Roosevelt, İnönü and Churchill at the Second Cairo Conference which was held between 4–6 December 1943. (from History of Turkey)
Image 53The empire in 555 under Justinian the Great, at its greatest extent since the fall of the Western Roman Empire (its vassals in pink) (from History of Turkey)
Image 54Antalya (from Geography of Turkey)
Image 55Tevfik Fikret (1867–1915) was a prominent Turkish poet of the late Ottoman era. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 56Originally a church, later a mosque, and now a Grand mosque, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul was built by the Byzantines in the 6th century. (from History of Turkey)
Image 57Entrance portal of the Karatay Madrasa in Konya (c. 1251) (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 58Namık Kemal was a prominent Turkish poet, novelist, playwright and journalist of the late-19th-century Ottoman Empire. (from Culture of Turkey)
Image 59The Ottoman Empire in 1683, at the start of the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) (from History of Turkey)
Image 60View of Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park (from Geography of Turkey)

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... that the Ottoman Bank, established as a private bank in 1856, became a central bank in 1863 and issued banknotes in the Ottoman Empire and then Turkey until 1931? (March 8, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 125
... that the Xhosa Wars veteran Stephen Bartlett Lakeman
(pictured) became an Ottoman pasha and, late in his life, helped create the Romanian National Liberal Party? (June 5, 2007) Wikipedia:Recent additions 145
... that footballer Hasan Ahmet Sari left Istanbul with his family after living through the 1999 İzmit earthquake? (August 18, 2011)
... that after being deposed by his brotherAbdul Hamid II, Ottoman sultan Murad V was detained in the Malta Pavilion? (December 16, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 236
... that Turkish Prime Minister Adnan Menderes survived the 1959 Turkish Airlines Gatwick crash almost uninjured, but was executed by hanging a year and a half later? (January 5, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 198
... that the Balaban Aga Mosque in Istanbul, built in the Byzantine era, was demolished in 1930 because it stood in the way of a new road? (May 8, 2012)
... that the ticket lottery site for the December 2007 Ahmet Ertegün Tribute Concert featuring Led Zeppelin, crashed due to over a billion page views of fans seeking to purchase the 20,000 tickets on sale? (January 8, 2008) Wikipedia:Recent additions 198

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Image 1Tünel, Istanbul
Image 2A faculty of Sakarya University
Image 3Iznik, 16th-century vase
Image 4The Temple of Athena at Priene, an ancient site near Turunçlar in Aydın province.
Image 5Safranbolu
Image 6Aydilge Sarp; Turkish singer, songwriter and novelist
Image 7Antalya
Image 8The sun setting over the Golden Horn in the city of Istanbul.
Image 9Flag of Turkey, from flowers
Image 10The tughra of Mahmud II. "Mahmud Han bin Abdulhamid muzaffer daima" ("Mahmud Khan son of Abdulhamid is forever victorious").
Image 11the Bosphorus Bridge
Image 12the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne
Image 13Cappadocia
Image 14Lake Akdoğan in Muş
Image 15Atatürk praying
Image 16An airplane with a nazar boncuğu symbol that is said to offer protection from the "evil eye".
Image 171. picture on portal: The prominent towers of Dayro d-Mor Gabriel; 15th December 2005
Image 18Tarkan with Hungarian fans
Image 19Kemer
Image 20Lahmacun
Image 21Mount Nemrut
Image 22Rize
Image 23Ölüdeniz
Image 24The ancient Lake Abant Nature Park in Bolu
Image 25A Kocek
Image 26A tram in Istanbul
Image 2718th-century Ottoman barber's apron

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Derviş in 2006

Kemal Derviş (Turkish pronunciation: [keˈmal dɛɾviʃ]; 10 January 1949 – 8 May 2023) was a Turkish economist and politician who was head of the United Nations Development Programme. He was honored by the government of Japan for having "contributed to mainstreaming Japan's development assistance policy through the United Nations". In 2005, he was ranked 67th in the Top 100 Public Intellectuals Poll conducted by Prospect and Foreign Policy magazines. He was vice president and director of the global economy and development program at the Brookings Institution and part-time professor of international economics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva.

In March 2015, Derviş agreed to become the Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey responsible for the economy in a cabinet led by Republican People's Party (CHP) leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu should his party form the government after the general election to be held in June. He declined to become a Member of Parliament however, stating that he would prefer to participate in the cabinet from outside the Parliament. (Full article...)

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Boats in Istanbul

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Videos from Turkey on Wikimedia Commons

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“

Heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives! You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.

”

1934 ~ Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

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Turkish proverbs in Wikiquote

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Recognized content

	Alanya, Byzantine Empire, SMS Goeben, The Turk, List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Istanbul, Italian War of 1521–1526, Italian War of 1542–1546, List of battleships of the Ottoman Empire, Rhodes blood libel
	2004 Istanbul summit, 2008 Turkish Grand Prix, Battle of Manzikert, Battle of Marash, Battle of Vaslui, Church of St. Polyeuctus, First Crusade, Great Zab, Hood event, Limyra Bridge, Siege of Szigetvár, Night Attack at Târgoviște, Third Perso-Turkic War, Walls of Constantinople, Gallipoli Campaign, Battle of Lone Pine