Portal:Romania

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The Romania Portal Romania Flag Coat of arms Location At the confluence of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe Romania is a country in Southeast and Central Europe. It lies on the lower course of the Danube, north of the Balkan Peninsula, and on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It is the twelfth-largest country in Europe by area, covering 238,397 km2 (92,046 mi2), and the sixth-most populous member state of the European Union, with 19 million inhabitants. The capital, largest city and economic centre is Bucharest. Other major cities include Cluj-Napoca, Iași, Constanța, Timișoara and Brașov. Romania is a developed country with a high-income economy and is widely regarded as a middle power in international relations. The country possesses 11 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Romania is a global net exporter of automotive parts and is an increasingly prominent technology centre with some of the fastest internet speeds in the world. Romania is a member of several international organisations, including the European Union, NATO, and the BSEC. (Full article...) Good article - Entries here consist of Good articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards. "Déjà Vu" is a song by Romanian musician Bob Taylor and Romanian recording artist Inna for the latter's debut studio album, Hot (2009). Released in June 2009, it was written and produced by Sebastian Barac, Radu Bolfea and Marcel Botezan. Musically, the single is of the dance genre, and originally contained the vocals of Romanian singer Alessia. However, after a feud over compensation between Taylor and her, the song was handed to Inna, although the early version had already been released. When premiering the new version of "Déjà Vu", Taylor and Inna opted for pseudonyms before revealing their identity later. In order to accompany the single, a music video was shot at a club in Neptun, Romania by Tom Boxer, and it initially did not feature Inna until another version of the visual showed footage of her in Turkey. Commercially, the recording experienced success in European countries, reaching the top ten of the charts in Greece, the Commonwealth of Independent States, France and Romania, among others. "Déjà Vu" was certified Gold by the Dutch Association of Producers and Importers of Image and Sound Carriers (NVPI) for selling over 10,000 copies in the Netherlands. (Full article...) Children of Men is a 2006 dystopian action thriller film directed and co-written by Alfonso Cuarón. The screenplay, based on P. D. James' 1992 novel The Children of Men, was credited to five writers, with Clive Owen making uncredited contributions. The film is set in 2027, when two decades of human infertility have left human civilisation on the brink of collapse. Asylum seekers seek sanctuary in the United Kingdom, where they are subjected to detention, deportation and execution by the government. Owen plays civil servant Theo Faron, who tries to help refugee Kee (Clare-Hope Ashitey) escape the chaos. Children of Men also stars Julianne Moore, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Pam Ferris, Charlie Hunnam, and Michael Caine. The film was released by Universal Pictures on 22 September 2006, in the UK and on 25 December in the US. Despite the limited release and lack of any clear marketing strategy during awards season by the film's distributor, Children of Men received critical acclaim and was recognised for its achievements in screenwriting, cinematography, art direction, and innovative single-shot action sequences. While it underperformed at the box office, it was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography, and Best Film Editing. It was also nominated for three BAFTA Awards, winning Best Cinematography and Best Production Design, and for three Saturn Awards, winning Best Science Fiction Film. (Full article...) "Cola Song" is a song recorded by Romanian recording artist Inna for Body and the Sun (2015), the Japanese counterpart of her fourth studio album Inna (2015), and the American counterpart of her third studio album, Party Never Ends. It was made available for digital download on 15 April 2014 through Atlantic Records, which was the result of the singer signing a record deal with the label earlier that year. Initially planned to be named "Soy Latinna", the recording contains guest vocals from Colombian reggaeton performer J Balvin, who wrote and produced the song along with Andrew Frampton, Breyan Isaac, Thomas Joseph Rozdilsky and Andreas Schuller. The single is musically an electro house, electronic and Latin track which incorporates saxophone and horn in its instrumentation, and elements from Inna's previous collaboration with Schuller on "Piñata 2014" (2013). Music critics were generally favorable towards the single. While it was likened to Lana Del Rey's "Cola" (2012) and the appearance of J Balvin to that of Colby O'Donis on Lady Gaga's "Just Dance" (2008), many reviews noted the song as being summery. Others pointed out its commercial appeal, where the single was predicted to become a summer hit alongside Jennifer Lopez's "I Luh Ya Papi" (2014). "Cola Song" received a nomination at the Radio România Actualități Awards gala in 2015 for Best Pop-Dance Song. (Full article...) Peony during an interview in 2019 Ester Alexandra Crețu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈester alekˈsandra ˈkret͡su]; born 21 July 1993), known professionally as Ester Peony (formerly only Ester), is a Romanian singer and songwriter. She represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 with the song "On a Sunday" after winning the selection show Selecția Națională 2019. However, she failed to qualify for the Grand Final in Tel Aviv. Peony started to compose music for Romanian artists before gaining recognition for posting covers on YouTube in 2015. Later that year, she attained commercial success in Romania with her single "Sub aripa ta" featuring Vescan. (Full article...) Battle of Grunwald by Jan Matejko (1878) The Battle of Grunwald, also known as the (First) Battle of Tannenberg or the Battle of Žalgiris, was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War. The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila), and Grand Duke Vytautas, decisively defeated the Teutonic Order, led by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the Teutonic Order's leadership was killed or taken prisoner. Although defeated, the Teutonic Order withstood the subsequent siege of the Malbork Castle and suffered minimal territorial losses at the Peace of Thorn (1411), with other territorial disputes continuing until the Treaty of Melno in 1422. The order, however, never recovered their former power, and the financial burden of war reparations caused internal conflicts and an economic downturn in the lands controlled by them. The battle shifted the balance of power in Central and Eastern Europe and marked the rise of the Polish–Lithuanian union as the dominant regional political and military force. (Full article...) Istro-Romanians from Žejane with their traditional zvončari costumes during the carnival in Rijeka, 2006 The Istro-Romanians (Istro Romanian: rumeri or rumâri) are a Romance ethnic group native to or associated with the Istrian Peninsula. Historically, they inhabited vast parts of it, as well as the western side of the island of Krk until 1875. However, due to several factors such as the industrialization and modernization of Istria during the socialist regime of Yugoslavia, many Istro-Romanians emigrated to other places, be they Croatian cities such as Pula and Rijeka or places such as New York City, Trieste and Western Australia. The Istro-Romanians dwindled severely in number, being reduced to eight settlements on the Croatian side of Istria in which they do not represent the majority. It is known that the Istro-Romanians are not descendants of a historical Roman population native to Istria, since the differences between the Istro-Romanian language and the geographically close, now extinct Dalmatian language, are notable. Additionally, similarities to Transylvanian Romanians and Timok Vlachs suggest that Istro-Romanians may originate from areas west of Romania or Serbia. Although it is not known exactly how and when, the Istro-Romanians settled in Istria, where they would remain for centuries until they began to assimilate. Even now, with several associations and projects aiming to preserve their culture and with the support from both the Croatian and Romanian governments, the Istro-Romanians are not officially recognized as a national minority. (Full article...) "Boom Pow" is a song recorded by Romanian recording artist Alexandra Stan for her third studio album, Alesta (2016). It was made available for digital consumption on 25 August 2016 through Roton and Global Records. "Boom Pow" was written by David Ciente and Trey Campbell, while the production process was solely handled by Ciente. A europop and dance recording, Stan confessed that its lyrical content fits with the vibe of Constanța, her home town, where an accompanying music video was also shot in April 2016 by Ironic Distors. While music critics were positive towards the single and its visual, "Boom Pow" commercially peaked at number 67 on Romania's Airplay 100. (Full article...) "I Think I Love It" is a song by Romanian singer Alexandra Stan, digitally released through Universal Music Romania on 28 June 2019 as the first single from Stan’s fifth album Rainbows. It was written by Krishane and Radu Bolfea, while the production was handled by Stan, Bolfea, Cătălin Safta, Achi, Adelina Stinga and Vlad Lucan. A reggae pop track, the song's lyrics discuss the theme of love and freedom. An accompanying music video for the song was uploaded to Stan's YouTube channel on 1 July 2019, directed by Criss Blaziny. Making use of several explicit scenes, it features the singer and model Geni Olaru driving a red Corvette car and posing in different ways. Further promoted by several live performances, the song peaked at number 38 on Romania's Airplay 100 ranking. (Full article...) "Verde împărat" (Romanian: Green Emperor) is a song recorded by Romanian singer Delia. It was digitally released on 23 October 2017 through Cat Music as a single from her fifth studio album 7 (2020). The track was written and composed by the singer herself, along with additional production from Alex Cotoi. "Verde împărat" is a liquid dubstep and chillout song, with instrumentation from flute, bass and percussion. Its lyrics revolve around Delia's relationship with her partner, who she compares to a "green emperor", along with various nature references. The song was met with positive reviews from music critics, who thought that it expanded her artistry and praised her vocal performance. An accompanying music video for the track was shot by Alex Ceauşu in early October 2017, and uploaded onto Cat Music's official YouTube channel simultaneously with the single's release. The clip received similar acclaim for its showcase of nature and wilderness. It portrays the singer in a forest, wearing multiple nature-inspired outfits. For further promotion, Delia performed "Verde împărat" for Romanian radio station Radio ZU and during her 2017 concert tour Psihedelia at Sala Palatului. (Full article...) World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. Tanks and aircraft played major roles, the latter enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the only nuclear weapons used in war. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes. The causes of World War II included unresolved tensions in the aftermath of World War I and the rise of fascism in Europe and militarism in Japan. Key events preceding the war included Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931, the Spanish Civil War, the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, and Germany's annexations of Austria and the Sudetenland. World War II is generally considered to have begun on 1 September 1939, when Nazi Germany, under Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland, after which the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany. Poland was also invaded by the Soviet Union in mid-September and was partitioned between Germany and the Soviet Union under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In 1940, the Soviet Union annexed the Baltic states and parts of Finland and Romania, while Germany conquered Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. After the fall of France in June 1940, the war continued mainly between Germany, now assisted by Fascist Italy, and the British Empire and British Commonwealth, with fighting in the Balkans, Mediterranean, Middle East, East Africa, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz, and the naval Battle of the Atlantic. By mid-1941, Yugoslavia and Greece had also been defeated by Axis countries. In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union, opening the Eastern Front. (Full article...) "Gimme Gimme" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Inna for her fifth studio album, Nirvana. It was made available for digital consumption as the record's first single on 1 February 2017 through Roton and Global Records. The recording was written by Inna, Breyan Isaac and Elena Luminița Vasile, along with its producers Sebastian Barac, Marcel Botezan and David Ciente. An up-tempo dance-pop song with Bollywood, Indian and Gyspy influences, "Gimme Gimme" features "simple but meaningful" romantic lyrics. An accompanying music video for "Gimme Gimme" was shot by Edward Aninaru in October 2016 in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico, and was uploaded onto Inna's YouTube channel simultaneously with the single's release. During the filming sessions, the singer was accompanied by a Romanian and South American team, and both John Perez and Khaled Mokhtar served as directors of photography. The clip portrays Inna exploring the city and ends with her appearance at a party at night. Music critics were positive towards the recording, calling it summery and noting its club-oriented style. Commercially, it reached the top 20 in Romania, Turkey and the French, Polish and British dance club charts. (Full article...) Meskó with the New England Patriots in 2011 Zoltán Meskó (/ˈzoʊltɑːn ˈmɛskoʊ/; Hungarian: [ˈmɛʃkoː ˈzoltaːn]; born 16 March 1986) is a Romanian former professional player of American football who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the New England Patriots in the fifth round of the 2010 NFL draft. He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines. Born in Romania, Meskó emigrated with his family to the United States and eventually settled in Ohio. There he was discovered as a potential kicker for his school's football team, the Twinsburg Tigers, and became one of the best high school football kickers in the nation, excelling as both a punter and placekicker. After earning top honors in his state, Meskó was recruited by several college football teams. He selected Michigan over several schools including Indiana, Ohio State, and USC. At Michigan, Meskó did not win the starting job as a punter right away. He redshirted his freshman year and won a battle for the kicking duties on the field in 2006. Meskó then went on to excel on the field as a three-time Ray Guy Award watchlist candidate and off the field as a four-time Academic All-Conference selection. He was also recognized for his character and community service by numerous organizations. As a redshirt junior in 2008, Meskó endured the dynamics of a coaching change, became Michigan's all-time leader in punts and punting yardage, and was named to 2008 All-Big Ten first-team. As a fifth-year senior in 2009, he made a number of preseason All-American teams and achieved the highest punting average of his college career at 44.5 yards per punt. Meskó concluded his season as a 2009 All-Big Ten first-team selection by both the coaches and the media. He was also selected as a first-team Academic All-American and as a second-team All-American by several publications. He holds the career and single-season records for punts and punting yards at Michigan. (Full article...) "I Admit" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Sanda for her fifth studio album Khalini (2006). It was recorded at the Studioul Adi Ordean and was released as a CD single in 2004 by Romanian Television (TVR). A dance-pop track with Latin beats in its instrumentation, "I Admit" was written by Irina Gligor and produced by George Popa. The track represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 in Istanbul, Turkey after winning the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. Sanda's victory was widely contested by observers. In Istanbul, Romania automatically qualified to the final due to their top 11 placement in the previous edition and finished in 18th place with 18 points. Sanda's show contained sexual elements, with her wearing what a reviewer described as a vampire-inspired look consisting of a dress similar to those worn by Cher. Commercially, "I Admit" failed to impact any national chart. (Full article...) Mai bună ca niciodată (Romanian: Better than Ever) is the only studio album recorded by Romanian actress, television host and singer Oana Zăvoranu under her mononym Oana. It was released on 28 June 2007 by Roton and Sincron. Zăvoranu had gained significant popularity in her native country in the early 2000s for her acting roles, but took a hiatus in 2006 to focus on a music career and parted ways with the television production company Media Pro. Mai bună ca niciodată features production by Adrian Cristescu, who was also a contributing songwriter along with Georgiana Ariton, Sabina Cojocar, Dan Lazăr and Silviu Păduraru. "Pusă pe fapte" and "Cariño" featuring Cristescu under his stage name Adi Korekt were selected as singles to support the album, with the latter receiving an accompanying music video and peaking at number 99 on the Romanian Top 100 chart. (Full article...) Constantin Al. Ionescu-Caion (Romanian pronunciation: [konstanˈtin al joˈnesku kaˈjon], born Constantin Alexandru Ionescu and commonly known as Caion; 1882 – November or December 1918) was a Romanian journalist and poet, primarily remembered for his legal dispute with humorist Ion Luca Caragiale. He was a Symbolist, a disciple of Alexandru Macedonski, and a militant Francophile, as well as a leading opponent of literary tradition. His scattered work comprises essays, short stories and prose poetry, noted for their cultural references, but made little impact on Romanian literature. As a journalist, Caion prioritized scandals, accusing Caragiale of plagiarism and losing the subsequent celebrity trial of 1902, before partly recanting and winning the retrial. Despite his own coquetries with Romanian nationalism, Caion focused his verve on Transylvania's contemporary nationalist literary current. Ionescu-Caion was the founder of several magazines, most notably Românul Literar. Originally conceived as a literary supplement for the daily Românul, it became a tribune of Macedonski's Romanian Symbolist movement, and helped discover George Bacovia, the celebrated modern poet. During World War I, when he oscillated between the two opposing camps, Caion put out the journal Cronicarul. This was his last known activity in the Romanian press. (Full article...) Selected article - SMS Bodrog on the Danube river in 1914 The Yugoslav monitor Sava is a Temes-class river monitor that was built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy as SMS Bodrog. She fired the first shots of World War I just after 01:00 on 29 July 1914, when she and two other monitors shelled Serbian defences near Belgrade. She was part of the Danube Flotilla, and fought the Serbian and Romanian armies from Belgrade to the mouth of the Danube. In the closing stages of the war, she was the last monitor to withdraw towards Budapest, but was captured by the Serbs when she grounded on a sandbank downstream from Belgrade. After the war, she was transferred to the newly created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia), and renamed Sava. She remained in service throughout the interwar period, although budget restrictions meant she was not always in full commission. During the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Sava served with the 1st Monitor Division. Along with her fellow monitor Vardar, she laid mines in the Danube near the Romanian border during the first few days of the invasion. The two monitors fought off several attacks by the Luftwaffe, but were forced to withdraw to Belgrade. Due to high river levels and low bridges, navigation was difficult, and Sava was scuttled on 11 April. Some of her crew tried to escape cross-country towards the southern Adriatic coast, but all were captured prior to the Yugoslav surrender. The vessel was later raised by the navy of the Axis puppet state known as the Independent State of Croatia and continued to serve as Sava until the night of 8 September 1944 when she was again scuttled. (Full article...) List of selected articles Căile Ferate Române Romanian cuisine Marie of Romania Yugoslav monitor Vardar Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains Foundation of Wallachia Panait Cerna Romania in the Middle Ages Timișoara Ion Heliade Rădulescu Regulamentul Organic Vampire History of the flags of Romania Sviatoslav I of Kiev Origin of the Romanians Port of Constanța Ciomadul Romanian language Romania national football team Carpathian Mountains Romanian Revolution Bucharest Kingdom of Romania Timișoara Iași Constanța Craiova Greater Romania COVID-19 pandemic in Romania 1944 Romanian coup d'état Romania in World War II Religion in Romania Highways in Romania Romania in World War I Romanian Orthodox Church LGBT rights in Romania Transylvania Arad, Romania Unification of Moldova and Romania Romani people in Romania Carol I of Romania Pitești Prison Romanian wine Early Modern Romania Slavery in Romania National Liberal Party (Romania) Origin of the Romanians Symbolist movement in Romania Henri Coandă International Airport Wallachia Dacia Logan Dacia Sandero Dacia Duster Automotive industry in Romania Selected biography - Fondane-Fundoianu, ca. 1915 Benjamin Fondane (French: [bɛ̃ʒamɛ̃ fɔ̃dan]) or Benjamin Fundoianu (Romanian: [benʒaˈmin fundoˈjanu]; born Benjamin Wechsler, Wexler or Vecsler, first name also Beniamin or Barbu, usually abridged to B.; November 14, 1898 – October 2, 1944) was a Romanian and French poet, critic and existentialist philosopher, also noted for his work in film and theater. Known from his Romanian youth as a Symbolist poet and columnist, he alternated neoromantic and expressionist themes with echoes from Tudor Arghezi, and dedicated several poetic cycles to the rural life of his native Moldavia. Fondane, who was of Jewish Romanian extraction and a nephew of Jewish intellectuals Elias and Moses Schwartzfeld, participated in both minority secular Jewish culture and mainstream Romanian culture. During and after World War I, he was active as a cultural critic, avant-garde promoter and, with his brother-in-law Armand Pascal, manager of the theatrical troupe Insula. Fondane began a second career in 1923, when he moved to Paris. Affiliated with Surrealism, but strongly opposed to its communist leanings, he moved on to become a figure in Jewish existentialism and a leading disciple of Lev Shestov. His critique of political dogma, rejection of rationalism, expectation of historical catastrophe and belief in the soteriological force of literature were outlined in his celebrated essays on Charles Baudelaire and Arthur Rimbaud, as well as in his final works of poetry. His literary and philosophical activities helped him build close relationships with other intellectuals: Shestov, Emil Cioran, David Gascoyne, Jacques Maritain, Victoria Ocampo, Ilarie Voronca etc. In parallel, Fondane also had a career in cinema: a film critic and a screenwriter for Paramount Pictures, he later worked on Rapt with Dimitri Kirsanoff, and directed the since-lost film Tararira in Argentina. (Full article...) List of selected biographies Vlad the Impaler Sebastian Stan Elisabeth of Romania Nadia Comăneci Brassaï Cosmin Contra Saul Steinberg Ana Pauker Ion Țiriac Irina-Camelia Begu Jacob L. Moreno Laura Codruța Kövesi Alexandru Maxim Haiducii Horia Sima Ecaterina Teodoroiu Nicolae Ceaușescu Tamara Tchinarova Klaus Iohannis Mihail Sadoveanu Cristina Neagu Ion Mihai Pacepa Liviu Dragnea Anna Lesko Nicu Vlad Gabriela Firea Corneliu Coposu Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Maia Morgenstern Tudor Gheorghe Sorana Cîrstea Ioan Petru Culianu Elena Gheorghe Viorica Dăncilă Jean Negulesco Smiley (singer) Prince Radu of Romania Loredana Groza Miodrag Belodedici Elena Ceaușescu Dinu Lipatti Ecaterina Szabo Emil Constantinescu Mădălina Diana Ghenea George Enescu Andreea Diaconu Ion Luca Caragiale Ana Bogdan Ferdinand I of Romania Daniela Silivaș George Emil Palade Related portals Selected picture A detailed topographical map of Romania Did you know (auto generated) ... that Romanian actor Matei Millo continued an 1877 performance of a politically charged comedy even after the offended authorities had extinguished his theater's candelabra? ... that Annuzza, a Girl of Romania was considered to belong on the same shelf as Alice in Wonderland? ... that scholar Axinte Frunză wanted Romania to join the Central Powers in 1916, espousing "a vision that was profoundly anti-statist (with hints of anarchism), populist, and virulently anti-Russian"? ... that in the first Romanian universal chronicle, Mihail Moxa shows "the God of the Old and New Testaments baptizing His stars with the names of Olympian deities"? ... that Alexandru Talex was described as "the gentlest" member of a Romanian far-right organization? ... that according to the poet Eugen Constant, he persuaded his questioner of the validity of Marxism while being interrogated by Romanian authorities? More did you know ...that the Romanian language is the only Romance language where definite articles are enclitic? General images The following are images from various Romania-related articles on Wikipedia. Iași (capital of Moldavia) at the end of the 18th century (from Culture of Romania) Nicolae Ceaușescu and others welcome the Red Army as it enters Bucharest on 30 August 1944 (from History of Romania) Ethnic map of Greater Romania according to the 1930 census. Sizeable ethnic minorities put Romania at odds with Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Soviet Union throughout the interwar period. (from History of Romania) Dacian invasion of Boii and Taurisci. c. 61-60 BC / 59 BC? (from History of Romania) Romanian "tamburași" drummers in traditional clothing (from Culture of Romania) Cheile Turzii and Hășdate River in Transylvania. (from Geography of Romania) Turda salt mine (from Geography of Romania) Dacia during Constantine the Great (from History of Romania) Burebista campaigns and territorial occupations. (from History of Romania) Dacian kingdom c. 50 BC (from History of Romania) Europe in 14th century (from History of Romania) Illustration featuring the Romanian coat of arms and tricolor (from Culture of Romania) Clash between Romanians and Turks during the Romanian War of Independence, November 1877 (from History of Romania) Victory Avenue in Bucharest, 1940 (from Culture of Romania) Duiliu Zamfirescu (from Culture of Romania) Tarabostes on the Arch of Constantine (from History of Romania) Mustard soup with croutons (from Culture of Romania) Timeline of the borders of Romania between 1859 and 2010 (from History of Romania) Ciprian Porumbescu (from Culture of Romania) Andrei Mureșanu (from Culture of Romania) Calistrat Hogaș (from Culture of Romania) Tochitură (from Culture of Romania) Putna Monastery in Suceava County, Bukovina (from Culture of Romania) Ion Creangă (from Culture of Romania) Battle of Giurgiu which ended with the victory of the united forces of Transylvania, Wallachia and Moldavia over the retreating Ottoman army (from History of Romania) Ion Heliade Rădulescu (from Culture of Romania) Romania administered Transnistria, the area between the Dniester and Southern Bug, in July 1941 (from History of Romania) Tanks and Miliția on the Magheru Boulevard in Bucharest during the 1989 Revolution (from History of Romania) University Square in Bucharest during Communism (from Culture of Romania) Mateiu Caragiale (from Culture of Romania) Nicolae Ceaușescu condemning the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 (from History of Romania) Baked pumpkin with powdered sugar and cinnamon (from Culture of Romania) Ioan Slavici (from Culture of Romania) Ștefan Luchian (from Culture of Romania) The upper map shows Dacia’s territory at the beginning of Burebista’s rule, while the lower map depicts its territory at the end of his reign. (from History of Romania) Mihai Eminescu, national poet of Romania and Moldova (from Culture of Romania) Humanitas headquarters in Bucharest (from Culture of Romania) Map of Europe in 1648 showing Transylvania and the two Romanian principalities: Wallachia and Moldavia (from History of Romania) Antonescu and Adolf Hitler at the Führerbau in Munich, June 1941 (from History of Romania) Proclamation of Union between Transylvania and Romania (from History of Romania) Europe in 1190 (from History of Romania) Seal of Michael the Brave during the personal union of the two Romanian principalities with Transylvania (from History of Romania) Engraving of a fairy tale scene, featuring Prince Charming (Făt-Frumos) and a dragon (zmeu). (from Culture of Romania) Allies operations against the Axis (from History of Romania) Great Romania (1920–1940) (from History of Romania) Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Moldavia, and Principality of Transylvania in personal union of Michael the Brave in 1600 (from History of Romania) Bran Castle (German: Törzburg, Hungarian: Törcsvár) built in 1377, is commonly known as Dracula's Castle and is situated in the center of present-day Romania. In addition to its unique architecture, the castle is famous because of persistent myths that it was once the home of Vlad III Dracula. (from History of Romania) George Coșbuc (from Culture of Romania) George Barițiu (from Culture of Romania) Nicolae Grigorescu (from Culture of Romania) Physical and administrative map of Romania, with the historic regions in grey (Țara Românească means Wallachia). (from Geography of Romania) Romanian territorial losses in the Treaty of Bucharest in May 1918 (from History of Romania) Two of the eight marble statues of Dacian warriors surmounting the Arch of Constantine in Rome (from History of Romania) The thinkers of Hamangia, Neolithic Hamangia culture (c. 5250 – 4550 BC) (from History of Romania) Kingdom of Romania in 1939 (from History of Romania) Bucharest (capital of Wallachia) at the end of the 18th century (from Culture of Romania) The picturesque medieval Transylvanian Saxon town of Sighișoara (Hungarian: Segesvár, German: Schäßburg) (from Culture of Romania) The sanctuaries in the ruined Sarmizegetusa Regia, the capital of ancient Dacia (from History of Romania) A 19th century depiction of Dacian women (from History of Romania) Sibiu (Hungarian: Nagyszeben, German: Hermannstadt), the 2007 European Capital of Culture (from Culture of Romania) The Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1786, Italian map by G. Pittori, since the geographer Giovanni Antonio Rizzi Zannoni (from History of Romania) The foundation of the First Bulgarian Empire (from History of Romania) Romania after the territorial losses of 1940. The recovery of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina was the catalyst for Romania's entry into the war on Germany's side. (from History of Romania) Military officer Emil Rebreanu (1891–1917), here wearing his Medal for Bravery, was among the Romanians executed during World War I by Austria-Hungary. (from History of Romania) 1941 stamp depicting a Romanian and a German soldier in reference to the two countries' common participation in Operation Barbarossa, the text below reads the holy war against Bolshevism (from History of Romania) Romania map of Köppen climate classification, according with Clima României from the Administrația Națională de Meteorologie, Bucharest 2008 (from Geography of Romania) Votive stele representing Bendis wearing a Dacian cap at the British Museum in London (from History of Romania) Map depicting the Dacian Kingdom, including its annexed territories and areas of approximate influence including Pannonia and Bohemia. (from History of Romania) Alexandru Odobescu (from Culture of Romania) The Dacian kingdom under Decebalus (from History of Romania) Peleș Castle, retreat of Romanian monarchs (from History of Romania) St. Sylvester's Church in Bucharest (from Culture of Romania) Greek Catholic cathedral in Blaj, Transylvania(Hungarian: Balázsfalva) (from Culture of Romania) The Communist government fostered the personality cult of Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena, 1986. (from History of Romania) Titu Maiorescu (from Culture of Romania) Baked potatoes with steak and cucumber salad (from Culture of Romania) Territories inhabited by Romanians before WWI (from History of Romania) Ion Luca Caragiale (from Culture of Romania) Clătite with jam (from Culture of Romania) Neacșu's letter is the oldest surviving document written in Romanian. (from Culture of Romania) First Bulgarian Empire (from History of Romania) Roman walls in Dacia (from History of Romania) Map of Romanian territorial losses after World War II (from History of Romania) Geto-Dacian Koson, mid 1st century BC (from History of Romania) EUROPAfest Jazz festival in Bucharest (2010) (from Culture of Romania) C.A. Rosetti (from Culture of Romania) The sanctuaries of the ancient Dacian Kingdom capital, Sarmizegetusa Regia (from History of Romania) Romanian keyboard with special characters (from Culture of Romania) Roman Dacia, between 106 and 271 AD (from History of Romania) St. Nicholas Church, Brașov in Brașov (Hungarian: Brassó) (from Culture of Romania) Romania has seen its largest waves of protests against judicial reform ordinances of the PSD-ALDE coalition during the 2017–2019 Romanian protests (from History of Romania) Vasile Alecsandri (from Culture of Romania) Romanian pavilion at EXPO Paris 1937 (from History of Romania) Papanași (from Culture of Romania) Dacian cast in Pushkin Museum, after original in Lateran Museum. Early second century AD. 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