| Geography of Romania |
| Topography |
| Hydrography |
| Climate |
The climate of Romania is continental, transitioning into humid subtropical (locally often "warm oceanic" or "Pontic") on the eastern coast, influenced by polar intrusions, and therefore characterized by harsh winters. The mountain ranges of the Carpathian arc have a cool mountain climate with high humidity throughout the year.[1]
Rainfall, although adequate throughout the country, decreases from west to east and from mountains to plains. Some mountainous areas receive more than 1,010 mm (39.8 in) of precipitation each year. Annual precipitation averages about 635 mm (25 in) in central Transylvania, 521 mm (20.5 in) at Iași in Moldavia, and only 240 mm (9 in) at Sulina on the Black Sea.
Summers in the country are generally very warm to hot, and temperatures over 36 °C (97 °F) are not unknown in the lower-lying areas of the country. Night time lows in Bucharest and other lower-lying areas are around 16 °C (60.8 °F), and in Sulina they are around 20 °C (68.0 °F), but at higher altitudes both maxima and minima decline considerably.
In the coldest months of winter (December and January) temperatures average between 1 °C (33.8 °F) and −10 °C (14.0 °F). During winter, the skies are often cloudy and snowfall is quite common. In the plains of Romania there are about thirty days with snowfall per year.
Records
editThe absolute minimum temperature is −38.5 °C (−37.3 °F), registered in Bod, Brașov County on 25 January 1942. The absolute maximum temperature is 44.5 °C (112.1 °F), recorded at Ion Sion (nowadays Râmnicelu), Brăila County on 10 August 1951.[2]
The warmest overnight low ever recorded is 29.8 °C (85.6 °F) at Oravița, Caraș-Severin County on 17 July 2024, and the highest temperature measured in winter is 26.0 °C (78.8 °F), shared by Pătârlagele, Buzău County on 16 February 2016 and Medgidia, Constanța County on 27 February 1995.[3][4]
| Climate data for Romania | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
26.0 (78.8) |
32.8 (91.0) |
35.5 (95.9) |
40.8 (105.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
44.3 (111.7) |
44.5 (112.1) |
43.5 (110.3) |
39.0 (102.2) |
30.5 (86.9) |
23.4 (74.1) |
44.5 (112.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −38.5 (−37.3) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
−31.4 (−24.5) |
−26 (−15) |
−16 (3) |
−12 (10) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−15 (5) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−30.8 (−23.4) |
−34.5 (−30.1) |
−38.5 (−37.3) |
| Source: National Meteorological Administration[5] | |||||||||||||
Averages and records
editCities
edit| Climate data for Bucharest (1981–2010, extremes 1929–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 20.9 (69.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
34.4 (93.9) |
36.9 (98.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
42.2 (108.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
29.4 (84.9) |
18.4 (65.1) |
42.2 (108.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
5.5 (41.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
18.0 (64.4) |
24.0 (75.2) |
27.7 (81.9) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.8 (85.6) |
24.6 (76.3) |
17.9 (64.2) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.8 (38.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
0.4 (32.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.6 (69.1) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.7 (40.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.6 (49.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −32.2 (−26.0) |
−29.0 (−20.2) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
4.5 (40.1) |
7.4 (45.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−32.2 (−26.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 37 (1.5) |
37 (1.5) |
44 (1.7) |
50 (2.0) |
56 (2.2) |
83 (3.3) |
70 (2.8) |
56 (2.2) |
64 (2.5) |
53 (2.1) |
46 (1.8) |
48 (1.9) |
643 (25.3) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 13.7 (5.4) |
11.0 (4.3) |
10.5 (4.1) |
1.5 (0.6) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
8.8 (3.5) |
10.5 (4.1) |
56.0 (22.0) |
| Average rainy days | 6 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 109 |
| Average snowy days | 8 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 3 | 7 | 31 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 89 | 83 | 75 | 71 | 69 | 70 | 68 | 68 | 73 | 79 | 85 | 88 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 70.6 | 84.5 | 138.0 | 184.8 | 246.3 | 265.8 | 289.2 | 281.4 | 224.1 | 177.4 | 87.5 | 62.8 | 2,112.4 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net (average temperatures, humidity, precipitation, and snowy days)[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (snowfall and sunshine, 1961–1990),[7] Administrația Națională de Meteorologie (extremes)[8] and Weather Atlas[9] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Cluj-Napoca (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1901–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.4 (59.7) |
19.6 (67.3) |
26.7 (80.1) |
31.2 (88.2) |
32.5 (90.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
38.5 (101.3) |
34.4 (93.9) |
32.6 (90.7) |
26.0 (78.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
38.5 (101.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
3.0 (37.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.2 (59.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
1.6 (34.9) |
14.2 (57.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.6 (27.3) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
4.5 (40.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.9 (64.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.5 (67.1) |
15.0 (59.0) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
4.3 (39.7) |
8.9 (48.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
13.2 (55.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −34.2 (−29.6) |
−32.5 (−26.5) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
0.4 (32.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−22.3 (−8.1) |
−27.9 (−18.2) |
−34.2 (−29.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 25.7 (1.01) |
24.5 (0.96) |
31.0 (1.22) |
50.9 (2.00) |
66.9 (2.63) |
90.5 (3.56) |
85.7 (3.37) |
65.9 (2.59) |
48.5 (1.91) |
37.2 (1.46) |
32.1 (1.26) |
35.5 (1.40) |
594.4 (23.40) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 6.0 (2.4) |
11.5 (4.5) |
5.8 (2.3) |
1.3 (0.5) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.5 (0.2) |
2.6 (1.0) |
5.8 (2.3) |
33.5 (13.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.9 | 12.7 | 11.2 | 13.3 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 13.2 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 10.0 | 12.2 | 14.0 | 151.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 87 | 82 | 74 | 72 | 74 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 78 | 81 | 86 | 88 | 79 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 66 | 99 | 157 | 185 | 241 | 253 | 276 | 263 | 193 | 159 | 88 | 52 | 2,030 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[10] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Romanian National Statistic Institute[11] NOAA (snowfall 1961–1990),[12] Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity, 1973–1993)[13] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Timișoara (1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
28.2 (82.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
34.5 (94.1) |
38.4 (101.1) |
39.6 (103.3) |
41.0 (105.8) |
39.7 (103.5) |
33.8 (92.8) |
27.1 (80.8) |
22.2 (72.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.7 (81.9) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
24.0 (75.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
1.2 (34.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.4 (68.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
10.6 (51.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
1.2 (34.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
14.6 (58.3) |
14.3 (57.7) |
11.2 (52.2) |
6.2 (43.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.8 (42.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −35.3 (−31.5) |
−29.2 (−20.6) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−35.3 (−31.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40 (1.6) |
36 (1.4) |
37 (1.5) |
48 (1.9) |
65 (2.6) |
76 (3.0) |
64 (2.5) |
50 (2.0) |
40 (1.6) |
39 (1.5) |
48 (1.9) |
50 (2.0) |
593 (23.3) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 9.8 (3.9) |
9.3 (3.7) |
4.4 (1.7) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
3.7 (1.5) |
7.2 (2.8) |
34.4 (13.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 89 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 90 | 86 | 79 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 73 | 75 | 76 | 81 | 85 | 89 | 80 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 72.1 | 92.2 | 155.4 | 186.4 | 242.4 | 262.3 | 300.6 | 280.2 | 217.5 | 177.3 | 86.4 | 56.9 | 2,129.7 |
| Source 1: NOAA,[14] Deutscher Wetterdienst[15] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Institute of Statistics (extremes, 1901–2000)[16] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Iași, Romania (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.7 (62.1) |
22.5 (72.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
31.8 (89.2) |
36.4 (97.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.1 (104.2) |
39.7 (103.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
33.9 (93.0) |
29.0 (84.2) |
19.5 (67.1) |
40.1 (104.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.1 (34.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
25.4 (77.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
11.1 (52.0) |
2.3 (36.1) |
15.4 (59.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.9 (39.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
5.4 (41.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
14.2 (57.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.2 (59.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
5.5 (41.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −30.6 (−23.1) |
−36.3 (−33.3) |
−22.7 (−8.9) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
−36.3 (−33.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.9 (1.10) |
25.9 (1.02) |
30.8 (1.21) |
46.1 (1.81) |
55.2 (2.17) |
88.2 (3.47) |
74.9 (2.95) |
54.9 (2.16) |
54.9 (2.16) |
37.0 (1.46) |
34.3 (1.35) |
31.6 (1.24) |
561.7 (22.11) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 11.3 (4.4) |
14.3 (5.6) |
11.9 (4.7) |
6.9 (2.7) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.7 (0.3) |
10.4 (4.1) |
6.3 (2.5) |
61.8 (24.3) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.6 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 11.0 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.1 | 10.1 | 12.6 | 130.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 82 | 80 | 71 | 62 | 61 | 62 | 60 | 63 | 66 | 73 | 79 | 83 | 70 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 67 | 91 | 136 | 180 | 256 | 260 | 288 | 275 | 200 | 153 | 79 | 61 | 2,046 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[17] Ogimet (mean temperatures and sun 1981–2010)[18] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Romanian National Statistic Institute (extremes 1901–2000),[19] NOAA (sunshine and snowfall 1961–1990),[20] Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes, 1896–2015 and humidity, 1896–1960)[21] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Constanța (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.3 (64.9) |
24.5 (76.1) |
30.8 (87.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.9 (98.4) |
38.5 (101.3) |
36.8 (98.2) |
34.8 (94.6) |
32.0 (89.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
5.7 (42.3) |
9.3 (48.7) |
17.1 (62.8) |
24.0 (75.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
6.2 (43.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
2.0 (35.6) |
5.5 (41.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
16.1 (61.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.0 (73.4) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
7.7 (45.9) |
3.0 (37.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
19.1 (66.4) |
19.0 (66.2) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
0.3 (32.5) |
8.8 (47.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.7 (−12.5) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
1.8 (35.2) |
6.4 (43.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.6 (1.09) |
24.0 (0.94) |
34.0 (1.34) |
31.8 (1.25) |
37.9 (1.49) |
40.4 (1.59) |
37.5 (1.48) |
35.2 (1.39) |
42.1 (1.66) |
36.8 (1.45) |
45.6 (1.80) |
37.0 (1.46) |
429.9 (16.93) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 7.0 (2.8) |
7.0 (2.8) |
4.2 (1.7) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
5.5 (2.2) |
3.4 (1.3) |
27.1 (10.7) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.9 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 7.1 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 97.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 86 | 85 | 85 | 83 | 81 | 78 | 76 | 77 | 79 | 82 | 86 | 88 | 82 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 87 | 110 | 140 | 192 | 272 | 282 | 327 | 308 | 230 | 168 | 102 | 83 | 2,301 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[22] Ogimet (mean temperatures and sun 1981–2010)[23] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Romanian National Statistic Institute (extremes 1901–2000),[24] NOAA (snowfall 1961–1990),[25] Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity, 1973–1993)[26] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Sulina (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1961−2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.8 (56.8) |
17.9 (64.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
29.3 (84.7) |
33.8 (92.8) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
32.6 (90.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
22.2 (72.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) |
4.3 (39.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
12.8 (55.0) |
19.1 (66.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
21.7 (71.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
5.6 (42.1) |
14.9 (58.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.9 (33.6) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
10.4 (50.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.5 (74.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
13.6 (56.5) |
8.2 (46.8) |
3.1 (37.6) |
12.2 (54.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
8.6 (47.5) |
14.5 (58.1) |
18.8 (65.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
20.9 (69.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
11.5 (52.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
0.9 (33.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −17.7 (0.1) |
−17.8 (0.0) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.1 (53.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−17.8 (0.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 16.0 (0.63) |
11.9 (0.47) |
17.4 (0.69) |
14.0 (0.55) |
20.3 (0.80) |
28.3 (1.11) |
18.9 (0.74) |
23.5 (0.93) |
21.5 (0.85) |
24.3 (0.96) |
22.7 (0.89) |
21.7 (0.85) |
240.5 (9.47) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 3.6 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 42.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 82 | 80 | 77 | 76 | 73 | 72 | 74 | 76 | 79 | 83 | 84 | 78 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
1.7 (35.1) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
16.2 (61.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
17.8 (64.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
10.0 (50.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
1.4 (34.5) |
8.5 (47.2) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 75.9 | 103.1 | 148.3 | 204.2 | 278.9 | 305.1 | 334.7 | 308.5 | 229.7 | 159.8 | 90.0 | 73.4 | 2,311.6 |
| Source 1: NOAA (dew point 1961–1990)[27][28] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Danish Meteorological Institute (humidity, 1931–1960)[29] | |||||||||||||
Other locations
edit| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
5.9 (42.6) |
12.2 (54.0) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.2 (66.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
22.1 (71.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.2 (19.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.6 (38.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
9.8 (49.6) |
10.3 (50.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
1.1 (33.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.9 (14.2) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
1.0 (33.8) |
4.8 (40.6) |
6.8 (44.2) |
7.2 (45.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
4.3 (39.7) |
4.8 (40.6) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −32.3 (−26.1) |
−35.5 (−31.9) |
−29.6 (−21.3) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−17.6 (0.3) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
−26.5 (−15.7) |
−29.2 (−20.6) |
−35.5 (−31.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51.2 (2.02) |
50.5 (1.99) |
63.9 (2.52) |
64.6 (2.54) |
98.2 (3.87) |
139.9 (5.51) |
140.0 (5.51) |
105.5 (4.15) |
70.5 (2.78) |
60.3 (2.37) |
49.0 (1.93) |
56.5 (2.22) |
950.1 (37.41) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 50.6 (19.9) |
62.4 (24.6) |
71.8 (28.3) |
85.1 (33.5) |
85.3 (33.6) |
46.2 (18.2) |
7.3 (2.9) |
4.8 (1.9) |
12.4 (4.9) |
16.3 (6.4) |
20.8 (8.2) |
37.6 (14.8) |
500.6 (197.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.2 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 13.3 | 16.2 | 14.9 | 14.3 | 10.7 | 9.1 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 10.2 | 139.3 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | −13.4 (7.9) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
1.7 (35.1) |
3.7 (38.7) |
3.1 (37.6) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 108.9 | 106.2 | 119.8 | 123.9 | 142.8 | 144.7 | 176.4 | 181.3 | 142.2 | 156.5 | 118.6 | 104.7 | 1,626 |
| Source: NOAA NCEI[30][31] | |||||||||||||
- ↑ Snowfall and Dew point data are for the 1961-1990 period.
See also
editReferences
edit- ↑ "Meteo Romania – Clima României". meteoromania.ro.
- ↑ Ianusi, Iorgu (25 July 2023). "Istoricul recordurilor de temperaturi în România în ultimii 81 de ani în România | AUDIO : Europa FM" (in Romanian). Retrieved 2 April 2026.
- ↑ "Un nou record pentru cea mai caldă noapte din istoria înregistrărilor meteo din România: temperatura nu a coborât sub 29,8 grade C". Digi24 (in Romanian). 17 July 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
- ↑ "Temperatură maximă de 26 de grade, în februarie. Unde și când a fost înregistrată". antena3.ro (in Romanian). 4 February 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2026.
- ↑ "Climatic Records in Romania". Administrația Națională de Meteorologie. Archived from the original on 6 September 2009. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
- ↑ "The Climate of Bucharest 1981–2010 (Average Temperatures, Humidity)" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ↑ "București Băneasa Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (FTP). Retrieved 21 March 2015. (To view documents see Help:FTP)
- ↑ "București Băneasa: Record mensili dal 1929" (in Italian). Administrația Națională de Meteorologie. Archived from the original on 1 April 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
- ↑ "Bucharest, Romania – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. Archived from the original on 3 July 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ↑ "World Weather Information Service – Cluj–Napoca". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ↑ "Air Temperature (monthly and yearly absolute maximum and absolute minimum)" (PDF). Romanian Statistical Yearbook: Geography, Meteorology, and Environment. Romanian National Statistic Institute. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
- ↑ "Cluj Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (FTP). Retrieved 21 March 2015. (To view documents see Help:FTP)
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Klausenburg (Cluj-Napoca), Siebenbürgen / Rumänien" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ↑ "Timișoara Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (FTP). Retrieved 21 March 2015. (To view documents see Help:FTP)
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Temeswar (Temeschburg) / Rumänien" (PDF). Deutscher Wetterdienst (in German). Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ↑ "Geografie, meteorologie și mediu înconjurător" (PDF). Institutul Național de Statistică. 2007.
- ↑ "World Weather Information Service – Iasi". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ↑ "CLIMAT summary for 15090: Iasi (Romania) – Section 2: Monthly Normals". CLIMAT monthly weather summaries. Ogimet. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ↑ "AIR TEMPERATURE (monthly and yearly absolute maximum and absolute minimum)" (PDF). Romanian Statistical Yearbook: Geography, Meteorology, and Environment. Romanian National Statistic Institute. 2007. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ↑ "Iași Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (FTP). Retrieved 21 March 2015. (To view documents see Help:FTP)
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Iasi (Jassy), Moldau (Bessarabien) / Rumänien" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ↑ "World Weather Information Service – Constanta". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 26 July 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ↑ "CLIMAT summary for 15480: Constanta (Romania) – Section 2: Monthly Normals". CLIMAT monthly weather summaries. Ogimet. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
- ↑ "AIR TEMPERATURE (monthly and yearly absolute maximum and absolute minimum)" (PDF). Romanian Statistical Yearbook: Geography, Meteorology, and Environment. Romanian National Statistic Institute. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
- ↑ "Constanța Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Constanta (Konstanza), Dobrudscha / Rumänien" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ↑ "Sulina Climate Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
- ↑ "Sulina Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ↑ Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. "RUMÆNIEN - BUCURESTI/IMH" (PDF). Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931-1960) (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. p. 216. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
- ↑ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Varfu Omu(WMO number:15280)" (CSV). ncei.noaa.gov (Excel file). NOAA. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- ↑ "Vrfu Omu climate normals for 1961-1990". ncei.noaa.gov. NOAA. Archived from the original on 12 February 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2024.