The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Venetian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants
IPAExamples[1]English approximation
C & NC, V & SN & E
b barba, sbaro bike
d dove, idra done
gèmo, giara; ġarón, ġen jab
ð z dz zaino; żenòcio, franża; fredha, ordho; đanđivi, lapiđea this, zipper or dads
f f sfalto, fìnferli, frànboła fat
h[2] fìnferli, rufa; ahari, hémena fat or hat
ɡ gato, figo, ghìngari, rughe gas
k coa, checa, tenca; karèga; quacio scar
l làrese, molton, stèla lip
[3] łate, goła
m mare, rema mother
n nasion, ànara nest
ŋ ladi, piro; óngara, venco, canpo[4] sing
ɲ cugnà, gnaro; ñel, ñaña canyon
p popà, despèrdere spin
ɾ[5] rosto, vara atom (American English)
s soto, baston, strassa sorry
t talpa, butiro, gat star
cèrega, ciaro, moc'; ċave chip
θ s ts zata, marz, nòzze; çanpedon, petaça; cazhòt, zhèrzha thing, sorry or cats
v vaca, ava vent
z àseno, sbaro; io, ono; xe, piaxe zipper
Marginal consonants[6]
IPA ExamplesEnglish approximation
ʎ artiglièr, batàglia million
ʃ šchena, mešedà ship
ʒ žal, ruža measure
 
Semivowels
IPA ExamplesEnglish approximation
j jèri, ajo; lezièr; yacht you
w suòr, aqua; web wine
 
Vowels
IPA ExamplesEnglish approximation
a aqua, man father
e feta, paré pay
ɛ ghènga, perèr bed
i fio, intrada see
o bote, bogó law (British English)
ɔ fiòco, poro off
u duto, dudolèr tool
 
Suprasegmentals
IPA ExamplesEnglish approximation
ˈ poro [poˈnaɾo] bottle
ˌ liberamente [ˌlibeɾaˈmeŋte] intonation
. fio [ˈfi.o] moai

Notes

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  1. There is not an unified Venetian orthography. The same sound is represented with various letters, depending on the writing system.
  2. Only occurring between vowels in a small number of dialects around Feltre.
  3. It disappears completely next to /e, i/. In some dialects it retains everywhere its original pronunciation [l]. For more information on the phonetic notation and the historical development see Tomasin, Lorenzo (2010): La cosiddetta "elle evanescente" del veneziano: fra dialettologia e storia linguistica. Palermo: Centro di studi filologici e linguistici siciliani.
  4. As in most Northern Italian languages, nasals do not assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant, differently from what happens in standard Italian. In Venetian, [ŋ] (in Italian only occurring in /nɡ/, /nk/) is used in all nasal plus consonant clusters: e.g. canpo [ˈkaŋpo], cantoṅ [kaŋˈtoŋ].
  5. The phoneme /r/ in Venetian is almost always an alveolar flap, but for some it may be retroflex [ɽ].
  6. Only used in few dialects or in loanwords.

See also

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