Draft:Nature recovery

Nature recovery recovery refers to the range of activities aimed at halting and reversing biodiversity loss as well as actively restoring the natural world. It is a concept rooted in environmental science, policy and governance. The term has gained particular prominence in the United Kingdom through the introduction of the Nature Recovery Network (NRN)[1] in the UK as part of the Government's 2018 25 Year Environment Plan [2].

Definitions and usage

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The Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery at the University of Oxford defines it as "the activity of helping life on Earth to thrive by repairing human relationships with the rest of the natural world"[3]. The University of Manchester describes it as "an overarching approach that considers environmental restoration and rewilding as alternative or complementary approaches to enhancing biodiversity across landscapes"[4].  

The term builds on related concepts such as ecological recovery and species recovery, both of which refer to the rehabilitation of ecosystems or species populations caused by environmental degradation. Nature recovery is sometimes framed as “nature’s recovery”[5].

Nature recovery focuses on repairing ecosystems degraded by human activity rather than solely focusing on protecting and preserving what remains of specific natural environments[6].

Nature recovery seeks the protection and enhancement of biodiversity and ecological functions across diverse landscapes at multiple scales[1][7], e.g. in highly degraded areas, urban and agricultural landscapes, as well as in environments with a lesser human presence. Due to its breadth of meaning, nature recovery can cover a range of ecological practices, from traditional conservation practices through to rewilding, regenerative agriculture and smaller scale urban habitat creation[8].

Nature recovery in the United Kingdom

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The UK Government has been particularly influential in the development of the concept of nature recovery through its environmental policies. Its 25 Year Environment Plan (2018)[9] introduced the concept of the Nature Recovery Network (NRN)[1]. This was designed to reverse biodiversity loss, not solely through protecting existing natural areas but also actively creating, restoring, expanding, and connecting wildlife habitats[1][2][9]. The concept was further embedded in legislation through the Environment Act 2021, made Local Nature Recovery Strategies (LNRS) a statutory requirement[10], now implemented by local authorities across the UK. 

Government and non-governmental organisations, including the Woodland Trust and Natural England, have since adopted “nature recovery” as a framing for projects combining habitat restoration, carbon storage, and community engagement.[11]

Global usage

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Although the phrase "nature recovery" is most common in the UK, some non-UK institutions and governments share the core principles of nature recovery as part of their broader ecological strategies. Examples of international initiatives that engage in nature recovery include: UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration [12], Convention on Biological Diversity [13], Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework's30 by 30” goal[14], Nature Restoration Law [15], Rewilding Europe [16] and Greening Australia [17].

See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 "The Nature Recovery Network". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  2. 1 2 "25 Year Environment Plan". GOV.UK. 2023-02-17. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  3. "What is Nature Recovery?". Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery. 2025.
  4. "MSc Nature Recovery, Restoration and Rewilding". University of Manchester. 2025.
  5. "Partnership announced to boost nature's recovery". BBC News. 2022-10-11. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  6. "UK Government Web Archive" (PDF). webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  7. Trust, Woodland. "Trees And Woods For Nature Recovery". Woodland Trust. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  8. "Restoring India's Terrestrial Ecosystems: Needs, Challenges and Policy Recommendations – IIHS Knowledge Gateway". iihs.co.in. Archived from the original on 2026-01-09. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  9. 1 2 "A Green Future: Our 25 Year Plan to Improve the Environment". HM Government. 2018.
  10. "Environment Act 2021". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 2025-09-01. Retrieved 2026-03-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  11. "Trees and Woods for Nature Recovery". Woodland Trust. 2024.
  12. "UN Decade on Restoration". UN Decade on Restoration. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  13. "Home". Convention on Biological Diversity. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  14. Unit, Biosafety (2026-03-13). "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework". www.cbd.int. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  15. "The EU #NatureRestoration Law". environment.ec.europa.eu. 2026-03-16. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  16. "Home". Rewilding Europe. Retrieved 2026-03-18.
  17. "Greening Australia". Greening Australia. Retrieved 2026-03-18.