Viola sagittata, commonly called the arrowleaf violet[1] or arrow-leaved violet,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the violet family (Violaceae). It is native to the eastern North America in Canada and the United States, where it is widespread.[3] It is found in a variety of natural habitats, but is most common in dry, open communities such as prairies, glades, or woodlands, often in sandy or rocky soil.[4][5]
| Viola sagittata | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Embryophytes |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Spermatophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Violaceae |
| Genus: | Viola |
| Species: | V. sagittata |
| Binomial name | |
| Viola sagittata | |
Viola sagittata is a stemless perennial. It can be distinguished from other Viola in its area by its leaves that are much longer than wide, with truncate to subcordate bases.[6] It produces purple flowers in the spring.[4]
Taxonomy
editTwo varieties are currently recognized.[5][7] They are quite distinct, which has led some taxonomists to consider them to be distinct species.[8] The varieties are:
- V. sagittata var. ovata Northern Downy Violet<ref><ref> – Found primarily in the Appalachian Mountains and Great Lakes area.
- V. sagittata var. sagittata – Widespread across eastern North America.
References
edit- ↑ NRCS. "Viola sagittata". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 July 2018.
- ↑ https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/arrow-leaved-violet
- ↑ Kartesz, John T. (2014). "Viola sagittata". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- 1 2 Hilty, John (2020). "Arrow-Leaved Violet (Viola sagittata)". Illinois Wildflowers.
- 1 2 Ballard Jr., Harvey E. "Viola sagittata". In Yatskievych, George (ed.). Flora of Missouri. Missouri Botanical Garden – via Tropicos.org.
- ↑ Weakley, Alan (2015). "Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States". Archived from the original on 2018-10-06. Retrieved 2018-07-14.
- ↑ Little, R. John; McKinney, Landon E. (2015). "Viola sagittata". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 6. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ↑ Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S., eds. (February 2011). "Viola sagittata". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan Herbarium.
