| Year | Label | Captain-major | Fleet | Departure from Lisbon |
Arrival in India |
Notes |
| 1497 | First India armada | Vasco da Gama | 4 ships | Apr 1497 | May 1498 | Return: depart India Oct 1498, arrive Lisbon Jul/Aug 1499 |
| 1500 | Second India armada | Pedro Álvares Cabral | 13 ships | Mar 1500 | Sep 1500 | Return: depart India Jan 1501, arrive Lisbon Jun/Jul 1501 |
| 1501 | Third India Armada | João da Nova | 4 ships | Apr 1501 | Aug 1501 | Return: depart India Jan 1501, arrive Lisbon Sep 1502 |
| 1501 | Brazil fleet | (Gonçalo Coelho?) | 3 ships | Mar 1501 | N/A | Mapping expedition, carried Amerigo Vespucci |
| 1502 | Fourth India Armada | D. Vasco da Gama | 20 ships in 3 squadrons | Feb/Apr 1502 | Sep 1502 | Squadrons:
Return: depart India Feb 1503, arrive Lisbon Sep 1503 |
| 1503 | Fifth India Armada | Afonso de Albuquerque | 10 ships in 3 squadrons | Mar/Apr 1503 | Aug/Oct 1503 | Squadrons:
Return: depart India Feb 1504, arrive Lisbon Sep 1504 |
| 1504 | Sixth India Armada | Lopo Soares de Albergaria | 13 ships | Apr 1504 | Sep 1504 | Return: depart India Jan 1505, arrive Lisbon Jul 1505 |
| 1505 | Seventh India Armada | D. Francisco de Almeida (Vice-roy) | 21 ships | Mar 1505 | Sep 1505 | Carrying first vice-roy of Portuguese India |
| 1505 | Sofala fleet | Pêro de Anaia | 6 ships | May 1505 | Addendum to 1505 Armada Onward ships arrive India May 1506 | |
| 1505 | Follow-up fleet | Cide Barbudo | 2 ships | Sep 1505 | Aug 1506 | Addendum to 1505 Armada |
| 1506 | Eighth India Armada | D. Tristão da Cunha | 16 ships in 2 squads | Apr 1506 | Aug 1507 (miss monsoon) | Squadrons:
|
| 1507 | Ninth India Armada | Jorge de Melo Pereira | 8 ships in 3 squads | Apr 1507 | xxx (miss monsoon) | Squadrons (all winter in Africa) :
|
| 1507 | Mozambique fleet | Vasco Gomes de Abreu | 6 ships | Apr 1507 | Considered part of 9th Armada, arrive Sofala Sep 1507. | |
| 1508 | Tenth India Armada | Jorge de Aguiar | 13 ships in 2 squads | Apr 1508 | Dec 1508 (?) (miss monsoon) | Squadrons:
|
| 1508 | Malacca fleet | Diogo Lopes de Sequeira | 4 ships | Apr 1508 | Apr 1509 (miss monsoon) | Addendum to 10th Armada, wintered in Africa, after stop in India (arr. Apr 1509) proceeded on to Malacca (arr. Sep 1509). |
| 1509 | 11th India Armada | D. Fernando Coutinho | 15 ships | Mar 1509 | Oct 1509 | |
| 1510 | 12th India Armada | D. Gonçalo Sequeira | 7 ships | Mar 1510 | *** (miss monsoon) | |
| 1510 | Malacca fleet | Duarte Mendes de Vasconcelos | 4 ships | Mar 1510 | **** | Addendum to 12th Armada |
| 1510 | Madagascar fleet | João Serrão | 3 ships | Apr 1510 | **** | Addendum to 12th Armada |
| 1511 | 13th India Armada | D. Garcia de Noronha | 6 ships | Apr 1511 | *** (miss monsoon) | |
| 1512 | 14th India Armada | Jorge de Melo Pereira | 12 ships in two squadrons | Mar 1512 | *** | Squadrons:
|
| 1513 | 15th India Armada | Joao de Sousa de Lima | 3 ships | Mar 1513 | *** |
| Year | Label | Captain-major | Fleet | Departure from Lisbon |
Arrival in India |
Notes |
| 1497 | First India armada | Vasco da Gama | 4 ships | Apr 1497 | May 1498 |
|
| 1500 | Second India armada | Pedro Álvares Cabral | 13 ships | Mar 1500 | Sep 1500 |
|
| 1501 | Third India Armada | João da Nova | 4 ships | Apr 1501 | Aug 1501 |
|
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| 1st India Armada (Vasco da Gama) | |
| Departed: April, 1497 Arrived in India: May 1498 ------------------------- Left India: October 1498 Arrived Portugal: July (Coelho)/Aug (Gama) 1499. ------------------------- Notes: - Travails with Mozambique and Mombassa, - opened relations with Malindi - Opened sea route to India (Calicut) – one ship scuttled on return journey | Fleet: 4 ships (2 naus, 1 caravel, 1 supply ship), 170 men 1. São Gabriel (Vasco da Gama, pilot: Pêro de Alenquer) 2. São Rafael (Paulo da Gama, pilot: João de Coimbra) – scuttled on return 3. Berrio (Nicolau Coelho, pilot: Pedro Escobar) 4.Unnamed supply ship (Gonçalo Nunes or Duarte Nunes) |
| 1st India Armada (Vasco da Gama) | style="border-bottom:3px solid; background:#efefef;" | Departure | |
| Departed: April, 1497 Arrived in India: May 1498 ------------------------- Left India: October 1498 Arrived Portugal: July (Coelho)/Aug (Gama) 1499. ------------------------- Notes: - Travails with Mozambique and Mombassa, - opened relations with Malindi - Opened sea route to India (Calicut) – one ship scuttled on return journey | Fleet: 4 ships (2 naus, 1 caravel, 1 supply ship), 170 men 1. São Gabriel (Vasco da Gama, pilot: Pêro de Alenquer) 2. São Rafael (Paulo da Gama, pilot: João de Coimbra) – scuttled on return 3. Berrio (Nicolau Coelho, pilot: Pedro Escobar) 4.Unnamed supply ship (Gonçalo Nunes or Duarte Nunes) |
| 1st India Armada (Vasco da Gama) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | ||
| 3 ships + 1 supply ship | Apr 1497 | May 1498 | ||
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 2 ships | Oct 1498 | Jul/Aug 1499 | ||
| Notes: - Travails with Mozambique and Mombassa, - opened relations with Malindi - Opened sea route to India (Calicut) |
Armadas
edit1497
edit| 1st India Armada (Vasco da Gama) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 4 ships (Vasco da Gama) | Apr 1497 | May 1498 | * 1 supply ship scuttled * travails with Mozambique and Mombassa, * open alliance with Malindi * opens sea route to India (Calicut) | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 2 ships (Vasco da Gama) | Oct 1498 | Jul/Aug 1499 | - 1 ship lost on return |
1500
edit| 2nd India Armada (Pedro Álvares Cabral) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 13 ships (Pedro Álvares Cabral) | Mar 1500 | Sep 1500 | * discovers Brazil * 2 ships sent back in Atlantic * 4 ships lost at Cape * stray ship discovers Madagascar * est. factory in Calicut, overrun in riot * opens hostilities with Calicut * establish factory in Cochin | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 5 ships (Pedro Álvares Cabral) | Jan 1501 | Jun/Jul 1501 | * 1 ship lost on return * Sofala scouted on return |
1501
edit| 3rd India Armada (João da Nova) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 4 ships (João da Nova) | Apr 1501 | Aug 1501 | * discovers Ascension and Juan de Nova * defeats Calicut fleet at Cannanore | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 4 ships (João da Nova) | Jan 1502 | Sep 1502 | * discovers island of Saint Helena |
1502
edit| 4th India Armada (Vasco da Gama) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 20 ships, in 3 squads = | ||||
| 10 ships (Vasco da Gama) | Feb 1502 | Sep 1502 | ||
| 5 ships ((Vicente Sodré) | Feb 1502 | Sep 1502 | ||
| 5 ships (Estevão da Gama) | Apr 1502 | Sep 1502 | * 1 ship sunk, 1 ship built * 1 ship stuck, discovers Maputo Bay * est. factory in Mozambique Island * open treaty with Sofala * extorts tribute from Kilwa * est. factory in Cannanore * bomb & blockade Calicut | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| c.12 ships (Vasco da Gama) | Feb 1503 | Sep 1503 | * rediscovers island of Saint Helena | |
| Ships on Patrol | ||||
| 6 ships (Vicente Sodré) | stay in India | * Indian Ocean patrol * 2 ships lost at Kuria Muria |
1503
edit| 5th India Armada (Afonso de Albuquerque) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 10 ships, in 3 squads = | ||||
| 4 ships (Afonso de Albuquerque) | Mar 1503 | Sep/Oct 1503 | ||
| 3 ships (Francisco de Albuquerque) | Mar 1503 | Aug/Sep 1503 | * rediscover Ascension island * 2 ships sunk near Cape, rest get separated * est. Fort Manuel in Cochin * est. factory in Quilon * find & annex 4 ships from previous 4th armada | |
| 3 ships (António de Saldanha) | Apr 1503 | May/Aug 1504 | * lose sense of direction, get separated, stuck in Africa * discover Table Bay * extort tribute from Zanzibar and Barawa * prey on shipping in Gulf of Aden * discover Socotra * cross to India only in 1504. | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 3 ships (Afonso de Albuquerque) | Feb 1504 | Sep 1504 | * 2-3 ships lost on return * only 2 ships of 5th Armada + 1 ship of 4th arrive in Lisbon | |
| Ships on Patrol | ||||
| 3 ships (Duarte Pacheco Pereira) | stay in India | * new Indian Ocean patrol * 1 ship of 5th + 2 ships of 4th * engage Battle of Cochin (1504) |
1504
edit| 6th India Armada (Lopo Soares de Albergaria) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 13 ships (Lopo Soares de Albergaria) | Apr 1504 | Sep 1504 | * bombards Calicut * razes Cranganore * find & annex 2 ships from previous 5th armada | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 14 ships (Lopo Soares de Albergaria) | Jan 1505 | Jul 1505 | * 1 ship lost near Cape | |
| Ships on Patrol | ||||
| 3 ships (Manuel Telles de Vasconcelos) | stay in India | * same patrol ships as before |
1505
edit| 6th India Armada (Lopo Soares de Albergaria) | ||||
| Ships Out | Dep Lisbon | Arr India | Notes | |
| 21 ships (Francisco de Almeida) | Mar 1505 | Sep 1505 | * 1 ship capsize near Cape Correntes * 1 ship stuck + 1 ship on patrol in East Africa * captures Kilwa, erects Fort Sant'Iago * sacks Mombassa * erects Fort São Miguel in Anjediva island *reduces Onor to tribute * erects Fort St. Angelo in Cannanore * re-builds Fort Manuel of Cochin * establishes Vice-Royalty of the Indies | |
| 6 ships (Pêro de Anaia) | Apr 1505 | Sep 1505 | * erects Fort São Caetano in Sofala * 4 ships sent on to India (1 capsize) * find & annex 1 stray ship from earlier squad * 2 ships stay as patrol (both lost) | |
| 2 ships (Cide Barbudo) | Sep 1505 | Aug 1506 | * search-and-rescue mission in South Africa * Leaves 1 ship in Sofala, 1 ship to India | |
| Ships Back | Dep India | Arr Lisbon | ||
| 9 back (in 3 squads): | ||||
| 5 ships (Fernão Soares) | Jan 1506 | May 1506 | * sail around Madagascar island | |
| 3 ships (Diogo Correia) | Jan 1506 | Nov 1506 | ||
| 1 ship (Vasco Gomes de Abreu) | Feb 1506 | Dec 1506 | * 2 sent, 1 ship remain stuck in East Africa. | |
| Ships on Patrol | ||||
| 8-10 ships (Lourenço de Almeida) | stay in India | * annex 3 ships from previous patrol * defeat Calicut fleet at Battle of Cannanore (1506) * discovers Ceylon |