‖ A ‖ = sup ‖ x ‖ ≤ 1 ‖ A x ‖ {\displaystyle \left\|\mathbf {A} \right\|=\sup _{\left\|\mathbf {x} \right\|\leq 1}\left\|\mathbf {A} \mathbf {x} \right\|}
