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Uni

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Minister of Finance Minister of the Treasury Minister of Budget
Minister Time in office Party Minister Time in office Party Minister Time in office Party
Mauro Scoccimarro 13 July 1946 – 2 February 1947 PCI
Pietro Campilli 2 February 1947 – 31 May 1947 DC
Luigi Einaudi 31 May 1947 – 6 June 1947 PLI
Giuseppe Pella 6 June 1947 – 23 May 1948 DC
Ezio Vanoni 23 May 1948 – 17 August 1953 DC
Adone Zoli 18 January 1954 – 10 February 1954 DC
Roberto Tremelloni 10 February 1954 – 6 July 1955 PSDI
Giulio Andreotti 6 July 1955 – 1 July 1958 DC
Luigi Preti 1 July 1958 – 16 February 1959 PSDI
Paolo Emilio Taviani 16 February 1959 – 25 March 1960 DC
Giuseppe Trabucchi 25 March 1960 – 21 June 1963 DC
Mario Martinelli 21 June 1963 – 4 December 1963 DC
Roberto Tremelloni 4 December 1963 – 23 February 1966 PSDI
Luigi Preti 23 February 1966 – 24 June 1968 PSDI
Mario Ferrari Aggradi 24 June 1968 – 12 December 1968 DC
Oronzo Reale 12 December 1968 – 5 August 1969 PRI
Giacinto Bosco 5 August 1969 – 23 March 1970 DC
Luigi Preti 27 March 1970 – 17 February 1972 PSDI
Giuseppe Pella 17 February 1972 – 26 June 1972 DC
Athos Valsecchi 26 June 1972 – 7 July 1973 DC
Emilio Colombo 7 July 1973 – 14 March 1974 DC
Mario Tanassi 14 March 1974 – 23 November 1974 PSDI
Bruno Vesentini 23 November 1974 – 12 February 1976 PRI
Gaetano Stammati 12 February 1976 – 29 July 1976 DC
Filippo Maria Pandolfi 29 July 1976 – 11 March 1978 DC
Franco Maria Malfatti 11 March 1978 – 4 August 1979 DC
Franco Reviglio 4 August 1979 – 28 June 1981 PSI

|- ! 25 | | Rino Formica
(1927–) | 28 June 1981 | 1 December 1982 | 1 year, 156 days ! style="background:#ED2855;"| | Italian Socialist Party | bgcolor=#FFE2D5|Spadolini I·II | |- ! 26 | | Francesco Forte
(1929–2022) | 1 December 1982 | 4 August 1983 | 246 days ! style="background:#ED2855;"| | Italian Socialist Party | bgcolor=#D5EFFF|Fanfani V | |- ! (20) | | Bruno Visentini
(1914–1995) | 4 August 1983 | 18 April 1987 | 3 years, 257 days ! style="background:#3CB371;"| | Italian Republican Party | bgcolor=#FFE2D5|Craxi I·II | |- ! 27 | | Giuseppe Guarino
(1922–2020) | 18 April 1987 | 29 July 1987 | 102 days ! style="background:#87CEFA;"| | Christian Democracy | bgcolor=#D5EFFF|Fanfani VI | |- ! 28 | | Antonio Gava
(1930–2008) | 29 July 1987 | 13 April 1988 | 259 days ! style="background:#87CEFA;"| | Christian Democracy | bgcolor=#FFE2D5|Goria | |- ! 29 | | Emilio Colombo
(1920–2013) | 13 April 1988 | 22 July 1989 | 1 year, 100 days ! style="background:#87CEFA;"| | Christian Democracy | bgcolor=#FFE2D5|De Mita | |- ! (25) | | Rino Formica
(1927–) | 22 July 1989 | 28 June 1992 | 2 years, 342 days ! style="background:#ED2855;"| | Italian Socialist Party | bgcolor=#FFE2D5|Andreotti VI·VII | |- ! 30 | | Giovanni Goria
(1943–1994) | 28 June 1992 | 21 February 1993 | 238 days ! style="background:#87CEFA;"| | Christian Democracy | rowspan=3 bgcolor=#FFE2D5|Amato I | |- ! 31 | | Franco Reviglio
(1935–2025) | 21 February 1993 | 31 March 1993 | 38 days ! style="background:#ED2855;"| | Italian Socialist Party |- ! 32 | | Giuliano Amato
(1938–)
As Prime Minister | 31 March 1993 | 28 April 1993 | 28 days ! style="background:#ED2855;"| | Italian Socialist Party | |- ! 33 | | Vincenzo Visco
(1942–) | 28 April 1993 | 4 May 1993 | 6 days ! style="background:#C72F35;"| | Democratic Party of the Left | rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Ciampi | |- ! 34 | | Franco Gallo
(1937–) | 4 May 1993 | 10 May 1994 | 1 year, 6 days ! style="background:#DCDCDC;"| | Independent | |- ! 35 | | Giulio Tremonti
(1947–) | 10 May 1994 | 17 January 1995 | 252 days ! style="background:#0087DC;"| | Liberal Democratic Foundation /
Forza Italia | bgcolor=#BEE1F5|Berlusconi I | |- ! 36 | | Augusto Fantozzi
(1940–2019) | 17 January 1995 | 17 May 1996 | 1 year, 121 days ! style="background:#DCDCDC;"| | Independent | bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Dini | |- ! (33) | | Vincenzo Visco
(1942–) | 17 May 1996 | 25 April 2000 | 3 years, 344 days ! style="background:#C72F35;"| | Democratic Party of the Left /
Democrats of the Left | bgcolor=#FFDAE1|Prodi I
D'Alema I·II | |- ! 37 | | Ottaviano Del Turco
(1944–2024) | 25 April 2000 | 10 June 2001 | 1 year, 46 days ! style="background:#ED2855;"| | Italian Democratic Socialists | bgcolor=#FFDAE1|Amato II |

Table

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Universities attended by Italian prime ministers
University Number of prime ministers
Sapienza University of Rome
8
University of Turin
8
University of Pisa
5
University of Bologna
4
Catholic University of Milan
3
University of Naples
3
University of Palermo
3
University of Pavia
3
University of Florence
2
University of Padua
2
Other universities in Italy
7
Universities outside Italy
1
Military institution
3
No higher education
6
A bar chart of universities attended by Italian prime ministers at the undergraduate level.


Bold indicates institutions that are active as of November 2025.

University No. Prime ministers
Sapienza University of Rome 8 Tommaso Tittoni, Mario Scelba, Antonio Segni, Emilio Colombo, Giulio Andreotti, Paolo Gentiloni, Giuseppe Conte and Mario Draghi
University of Turin 8 Urbano Rattazzi, Luigi Federico Menabrea, Giuseppe Saracco, Giovanni Giolitti, Paolo Boselli, Luigi Facta, Ferruccio Parri and Giovanni Goria
University of Pisa 5 Alessandro Fortis, Sidney Sonnino, Giuliano Amato, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi and Enrico Letta
University of Bologna 4 Luigi Carlo Farini, Marco Minghetti, Ivanoe Bonomi and Adone Zoli
Catholic University of Milan 3 Amintore Fanfani, Ciriaco De Mita and Romano Prodi
University of Naples Federico II 3 Antonio Salandra, Francesco Saverio Nitti and Giovanni Leone
University of Palermo 3 Francesco Crispi, Antonio Starabba di Rudinì and Vittorio Emanuele Orlando
University of Pavia 3 Agostino Depretis, Benedetto Cairoli and Giuseppe Zanardelli
University of Florence 2 Lamberto Dini and Matteo Renzi
University of Padua 2 Luigi Luzzatti and Mariano Rumor
Bocconi University 1 Mario Monti
University of Bari 1 Aldo Moro
University of Macerata 1 Fernando Tambroni
University of Milan 1 Silvio Berlusconi
University of Sassari 1 Francesco Cossiga
Polytechnic University of Turin 1 Giuseppe Pella
University of Urbino 1 Arnaldo Forlani
University of Vienna 1 Alcide De Gasperi
Attended military education 3 Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora, Luigi Pelloux and Pietro Badoglio
Did not graduated 6 Camillo Benso di Cavour, Bettino Ricasoli, Benito Mussolini, Bettino Craxi, Massimo D'Alema and Giorgia Meloni

Order

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N. Portrait President Term of office Tenure
(Years and days)		 Party Composition Legislature
1 Severino Caveri
(1908–1977)		 21 May
1949		 8 December
1954		 5 years, 201 days Valdostan Union UV–DC I
(1949)
2 Vittorino Bondaz
(1905–1997)		 8 December
1954		 16 June
1959		 4 years, 190 days Christian Democracy DC–PSDI–PLI II
(1954)
3 Oreste Marcoz
(1905–1972)		 16 June
1959		 24 November
1963		 4 years, 165 days Valdostan Union UV–PCI–PSI III
(1959)
(1) Severino Caveri
(1908–1977)		 24 November
1963		 30 May
1966		 2 years, 187 days Valdostan Union UV–PCI–PSI IV
(1963)
4 Cesare Bionaz
(1912–1969)		 30 May
1966		 1 July
1969		 3 years, 32 days Christian Democracy DC–PSI–PSDI–RIV
V
(1968)

|rowspan=2 style="background:#87CEFA;" | |rowspan=2 | |rowspan=2 align="center"|Christian Democracy |30 May 1966 1966 – 20 May 1968 |- |20 May 1968 – 1 July 1969 |rowspan=3|V Legislature |- |style="background:#87CEFA;" | |Mauro Bordon |align="center"|Christian Democracy |1 July 1969 – 7 April 1970 |- |rowspan=2 style="background:#BCD4E6;" | |rowspan=2 |Cesare Dujany |rowspan=2 align="center"|Popular Democrats |7 April 1970 – 19 July 1973 |- |19 July 1973 – 15 November 1974 |rowspan=2|VI Legislature |- |rowspan=3 style="background:#5EABD1;" | |rowspan=3 |Mario Andrione |rowspan=3 align="center"|Valdostan Union |20 December 1974 – 18 July 1978 |- |18 July 1978 – 20 July 1983 |VII Legislature |- |20 July 1983 – 4 January 1984 |rowspan=2|VIII Legislature |- |rowspan=2 style="background:#5EABD1;" | |rowspan=2 |Augusto Rollandin |rowspan=2 align="center"|Valdostan Union |4 January 1984 – 26 July 1988 |- |26 July 1988 – 25 June 1990 |rowspan=3|IX Legislature |- |style="background:#87CEFA;" | |Gianni Bondaz |align="center"|Christian Democracy |25 June 1990 – 3 June 1992 |- |style="background:#EBECF0;" | |Ilario Lanivi |align="center"|Independent Autonomists |3 June 1992 – 29 June 1993 |- |rowspan=2 style="background:#5EABD1;" | |rowspan=2 |Dino Viérin |rowspan=2 align="center"|Valdostan Union |29 June 1993 – 29 June 1998 |X Legislature |- |29 June 1998 – 18 December 2002 |rowspan=2|XI Legislature |- |style="background:#5EABD1;" | |Roberto Louvin |align="center"|Valdostan Union |18 December 2002 – 7 July 2003 |- |style="background:#5EABD1;" | |Carlo Perrin |align="center"|Valdostan Union |7 July 2003 – 4 July 2005 |rowspan=2|XII Legislature |- |style="background:#5EABD1;" | |Luciano Caveri |align="center"|Valdostan Union |4 July 2005 – 30 June 2008 |- |rowspan=2 style="background:#5EABD1;" | |rowspan=2 |Augusto Rollandin |rowspan=2 align="center"|Valdostan Union |30 June 2008 – 30 June 2013 |XIII Legislature |- |30 June 2013 – 10 March 2017 |rowspan=3|XIV Legislature |- |style="background:#1989D4;" | |Pierluigi Marquis |align="center"|Edelweiss |10 March 2017 – 11 October 2017 |- |style="background:#F07636;" | |Laurent Viérin |align="center"|Progressive Valdostan Union |11 October 2017 – 27 June 2018 |- |style="background:#008000;" | |Nicoletta Spelgatti |align="center"|Aosta Valley League |27 June 2018 – 10 December 2018 |rowspan=3|XV Legislature |- |style="background:#9BDDFF;" | |Antonio Fosson |align="center"|For Our Valley |10 December 2018 – 16 December 2019 |- |style="background:#5EABD1;" | |Renzo Testolin |align="center"|Valdostan Union |16 December 2019 – 21 October 2020 |- |style="background:#5EABD1;" | |Erik Lavévaz |align="center"|Valdostan Union |21 October 2020 – 25 January 2023 |rowspan=2|XVI Legislature |- |style="background:#5EABD1;" | |Renzo Testolin |align="center"|Valdostan Union |2 March 2023 – present |-

Prime Minister

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N. Prime Minister Time in office Party Term References
1 Benito Mussolini 20 years, 267 days   National Fascist Party 1 [1]
2 Giovanni Giolitti 10 years, 189 days   Historical Left →   Liberal Union 5 [2][3][4][5][6]
3 Silvio Berlusconi 9 years, 54 days   Forza Italia →   The People of Freedom 4 [7][8][9][10]
4 Agostino Depretis 8 years, 275 days   Historical Left 8 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]
5 Alcide De Gasperi 7 years, 250 days   Christian Democracy 8 [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]
6 Giulio Andreotti 7 years, 123 days   Christian Democracy 7 [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]
7 Aldo Moro 6 years, 89 days   Christian Democracy 5 [34][35][36][37][38]
8 Francesco Crispi 5 years, 278 days   Historical Left 4 [39][40][41][42]
9 Amintore Fanfani 4 years, 199 days   Christian Democracy 6 [43][44][45][46][47]
10 Romano Prodi 4 years, 148 days   Independent →   Democratic Party 2 [48][49]
11 Marco Minghetti 4 years, 83 days   Historical Right 2 [50][51]
12 Bettino Craxi 3 years, 257 days   Italian Socialist Party 2 [52][53]
13 Antonio Starabba di Rudinì 3 years, 210 days   Historical Right 5 [54][55][56][57][58]
14 Giovanni Lanza 3 years, 208 days   Historical Right 1 [59]
15 Mariano Rumor 3 years, 9 days   Christian Democracy 5 [60][61][62][63][64]
16 Antonio Segni 2 years, 357 days   Christian Democracy 2 [65][66]
17 Matteo Renzi 2 years, 294 days   Democratic Party 1 [67]
18 Giuseppe Zanardelli 2 years, 261 days   Historical Left 1 [68]
19 Giuseppe Conte 2 years, 257 days   Independent 2 [69][70]
20 Benedetto Cairoli 2 years, 224 days   Historical Left 2 [71][72][73]
21 Giorgia Meloni 3 years, 238 days   Brothers of Italy 1 [74]
22 Antonio Salandra 2 years, 89 days   Liberal Union 2 [75][76]
23 Luigi Federico Menabrea 2 years, 48 days   Historical Right 3 [77][78][79]
24 Luigi Pelloux 1 year, 360 days   Military 2 [80][81]
25 Giuliano Amato 1 year, 350 days   Italian Socialist Party →   Independent 2 [82][83]
26 Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora 1 year, 265 days   Military 2 [84][85]
27 Mario Draghi 1 year, 251 days   Independent 1 [86]
28 Ivanoe Bonomi 1 year, 240 days   Reformist Socialist →   Labour Democratic Party 3 [87][88][89]
29 Vittorio Emanuele Orlando 1 year, 216 days   Liberal Union 1 [90]
30 Emilio Colombo 1 year, 196 days   Christian Democracy 1 [91]
31 Bettino Ricasoli 1 year, 193 days   Historical Right 2 [92][93]
32 Massimo D'Alema 1 year, 188 days   Democrats of the Left 2 [94][95]
33 Paolo Gentiloni 1 year, 171 days   Democratic Party 1 [96]
34 Mario Monti 1 year, 163 days   Independent 1 [97]
35 Giovanni Spadolini 1 year, 156 days   Italian Republican Party 2 [98][99]
36 Mario Scelba 1 year, 146 days   Christian Democracy 1 [100]
37 Paolo Boselli 1 year, 134 days   Liberal Union 1 [101]
38 Lamberto Dini 1 year, 122 days   Independent 1 [102]
39 Urbano Rattazzi 1 year, 115 days   Historical Left 2 [103][104]
40 Ciriaco De Mita 1 year, 101 days   Christian Democracy 1 [105]
41 Francesco Cossiga 1 year, 74 days   Christian Democracy 2 [106][107]
42 Adone Zoli 1 year, 43 days   Christian Democracy 1 [108]
43 Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 1 year, 13 days   Independent 1 [109]
44 Luigi Luzzatti 364 days   Historical Right 1 [110]
45 Francesco Saverio Nitti 358 days   Italian Radical Party 2 [111][112]
46 Giovanni Leone 337 days   Christian Democracy 2 [113][114]
47 Pietro Badoglio 329 days   Military 2 [115][116]
48 Alessandro Fortis 317 days   Historical Left 2 [117][118]
49 Enrico Letta 300 days   Democratic Party 1 [119]
50 Giovanni Goria 259 days   Christian Democracy 1 [120]
51 Arnaldo Forlani 253 days   Christian Democracy 1 [121]
52 Luigi Facta 247 days   Liberal Union →   Italian Liberal Party 2 [122][123]
53 Giuseppe Saracco 236 days   Historical Left 1 [124]
54 Sidney Sonnino 220 days   Historical Right 2 [125][126]
56 Giuseppe Pella 155 days   Christian Democracy 1 [127]
57 Fernando Tambroni 123 days   Christian Democracy 1 [128]
58 Luigi Carlo Farini 106 days   Historical Right 1 [129]
59 Camillo Benso di Cavour 75 days   Historical Right 1 [130]
60 Tommaso Tittoni 16 days   Historical Right 1 [131]

Kingdom

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N. Prime Minister Time in office Party Term
1 Benito Mussolini 20 years, 267 days   National Fascist Party 1
2 Giovanni Giolitti 10 years, 184 days   Historical Left →   Liberal Union 5
3 Agostino Depretis 8 years, 275 days   Historical Left 8
4 Francesco Crispi 5 years, 278 days   Historical Left 4
5 Marco Minghetti 4 years, 83 days   Historical Right 2
6 Antonio Starabba di Rudinì 3 years, 210 days   Historical Right 5
7 Giovanni Lanza 3 years, 208 days   Historical Right 1
8 Giuseppe Zanardelli 2 years, 261 days   Historical Left 1
9 Benedetto Cairoli 2 years, 224 days   Historical Left 2
10 Antonio Salandra 2 years, 89 days   Liberal Union 2
11 Luigi Federico Menabrea 2 years, 48 days   Historical Right 3
12 Luigi Pelloux 1 year, 360 days   Military 2
13 Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora 1 year, 265 days   Military 2
14 Ivanoe Bonomi 1 year, 240 days   Reformist Socialist →   Labour Democratic Party 3
15 Vittorio Emanuele Orlando 1 year, 216 days   Liberal Union 1
16 Bettino Ricasoli 1 year, 193 days   Historical Right 2
17 Paolo Boselli 1 year, 134 days   Liberal Union 1
18 Urbano Rattazzi 1 year, 115 days   Historical Left 2
19 Luigi Luzzatti 364 days   Historical Right 1
20 Francesco Saverio Nitti 358 days   Italian Radical Party 2
21 Pietro Badoglio 329 days   Military 2
22 Alessandro Fortis 317 days   Historical Left 2
23 Luigi Facta 247 days   Liberal Union →   Italian Liberal Party 2
24 Giuseppe Saracco 236 days   Historical Left 1
25 Sidney Sonnino 220 days   Historical Right 2
26 Alcide De Gasperi 215 days   Christian Democracy 1
27 Ferruccio Parri 172 days   Action Party 1
28 Luigi Carlo Farini 106 days   Historical Right 1
29 Camillo Benso di Cavour 75 days   Historical Right 1
30 Tommaso Tittoni 16 days   Historical Right 1

Republic

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N. Prime Minister Time in office Party Term
1 Silvio Berlusconi 9 years, 53 days   Forza Italia →   The People of Freedom 4
2 Giulio Andreotti 7 years, 122 days   Christian Democracy 7
3 Alcide De Gasperi 7 years, 35 days   Christian Democracy 7
4 Aldo Moro 6 years, 89 days   Christian Democracy 5
5 Amintore Fanfani 4 years, 199 days   Christian Democracy 6
6 Romano Prodi 4 years, 148 days   Independent →   Democratic Party 2
7 Bettino Craxi 3 years, 257 days   Italian Socialist Party 2
8 Mariano Rumor 3 years, 9 days   Christian Democracy 5
9 Antonio Segni 2 years, 357 days   Christian Democracy 2
10 Matteo Renzi 2 years, 294 days   Democratic Party 1
11 Giuseppe Conte 2 years, 257 days   Independent 2
12 Giorgia Meloni 3 years, 238 days   Brothers of Italy 1
13 Giuliano Amato 1 year, 350 days   Italian Socialist Party →   Independent 2
14 Mario Draghi 1 year, 251 days   Independent 1
15 Emilio Colombo 1 year, 196 days   Christian Democracy 1
16 Massimo D'Alema 1 year, 188 days   Democrats of the Left 2
17 Paolo Gentiloni 1 year, 171 days   Democratic Party 1
18 Mario Monti 1 year, 163 days   Independent 1
19 Giovanni Spadolini 1 year, 156 days   Italian Republican Party 2
20 Mario Scelba 1 year, 146 days   Christian Democracy 1
21 Lamberto Dini 1 year, 122 days   Independent 1
22 Ciriaco De Mita 1 year, 101 days   Christian Democracy 1
23 Francesco Cossiga 1 year, 74 days   Christian Democracy 2
24 Adone Zoli 1 year, 43 days   Christian Democracy 1
25 Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 1 year, 13 days   Independent 1
26 Giovanni Leone 337 days   Christian Democracy 2
27 Enrico Letta 300 days   Democratic Party 1
28 Giovanni Goria 259 days   Christian Democracy 1
29 Arnaldo Forlani 253 days   Christian Democracy 1
30 Giuseppe Pella 155 days   Christian Democracy 1
31 Fernando Tambroni 123 days   Christian Democracy 1

Minister

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N. Portrait President Term of office Tenure
(Years and days)		 Party Composition Legislature
18 Federico Palomba
(1937– )		 5 August
1994		 9 August
1999		 5 years, 4 days Democratic Party of the Left PDS–PRC–FD XI
(1994)
19 Mauro Pili
(1966– )		 9 August
1999		 18 October
1999		 70 days Forza Italia FI–AN–RS–CCD XII
(1999)
20 Gian Mario Selis
(1944– )		 18 October
1999		 16 November
1999		 29 days Italian People's Party PDS–PPI–FD–Dem–SDI–PRC
(16) Mario Floris
(1937– )		 16 November
1999		 25 October
2001		 1 year, 343 days Democratic Union for the Republic PDS–DL–UDR–FD–Dem–SDI–PRC
(19) Mauro Pili
(1966– )		 25 October
2001		 28 August
2003		 1 year, 307 days Forza Italia FI–AN–RS–CCD
21 Italo Masala
(1937– )		 28 August
2003		 26 June
2004		 303 days National Alliance
22 Renato Soru
(1957– )		 26 June
2004		 27 February
2009		 4 years, 246 days Democrats of the Left /
Democratic Party		 PD–PS–PRC–SDI–UDEUR–PdCI–IdV XIII
(2004)
23 Ugo Cappellacci
(1960– )		 27 February
2009		 12 March
2014		 5 years, 13 days The People of Freedom /
Forza Italia		 PdL–UDC–RS–PSdAz XIV
(2009)
24 Francesco Pigliaru
(1954– )		 12 March
2014		 20 March
2019		 5 years, 8 days Democratic Party PD–SEL–CD XV
(2014)
25 Christian Solinas
(1976– )		 20 March
2019		 Incumbent 7 years, 89 days Sardinian Action Party Lega–PSdAz–FI–RS–FdI–UDC XVI
(2019)




Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Term of office Party Government Ref.
Took office Left office Time in office
Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce
Giuseppe Natoli
(1815–1867)		 23 March 1861 12 June 1861 81 days Historical Right Cavour IV [132]
Filippo Cordova
(1811–1868)		 12 June 1861 3 March 1862 264 days Historical Right Ricasoli I [92]
Gioacchino Napoleone Pepoli
(1823–1881)		 3 March 1862 8 December 1862 280 days Historical Right Rattazzi I [133]


! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Giuseppe Pasolini
(1815–1876) |8 December 1862 |24 March 1863 | 106 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#BEE1F5|Farini | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914) |24 March 1863 |28 September 1864 | 1 year, 188 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#BEE1F5|Minghetti I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora
(1804–1878)
As Prime Minister |28 September 1864 |20 June 1866 | 1 year, 265 days ! style="background:#C3B091;" | |Military |bgcolor=#BEE1F5|La Marmora II·III | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Bettino Ricasoli
(1809–1880)
As Prime Minister |20 June 1866 |28 June 1866 | 8 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Ricasoli II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914) |28 June 1866 |10 April 1867 | 286 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Federico Pescetto
(1817–1882) |10 April 1867 |12 April 1867 | 2 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Rattazzi II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Pompeo Di Campello
(1803–1884) |12 April 1867 |27 October 1867 | 198 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Luigi Federico Menabrea
(1809–1896)
As Prime Minister |27 October 1867 |14 December 1869 | 2 years, 48 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#BEE1F5|Menabrea I·II·III | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914) |14 December 1869 |20 November 1876 | 6 years, 342 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#BEE1F5|Lanza
Minghetti II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Luigi Amedeo Melegari
(1805–1881) |20 November 1876 |28 December 1877 | 1 year, 38 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Depretis I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister |28 December 1877 |24 March 1878 | 86 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Depretis II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Luigi Corti
(1823–1888) |24 March 1878 |24 October 1878 | 214 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |rowspan=2 bgcolor=#92EFBB|Cairoli I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Benedetto Cairoli
(1825–1889)
As Prime Minister |24 October 1878 |19 December 1878 | 56 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister |19 December 1878 |14 July 1879 | 207 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Depretis III | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Benedetto Cairoli
(1825–1889)
As Prime Minister |14 July 1879 |29 May 1881 | 1 year, 319 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Cairoli II·III | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Pasquale Stanislao Mancini
(1817–1888) |29 May 1881 |29 June 1885 | 4 years, 31 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Depretis IV·V·VI | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister |29 June 1885 |6 October 1885 | 99 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |rowspan=2 bgcolor=#92EFBB|Depretis VII | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Carlo Felice Nicolis,
Count of Robilant
(1826–1887) |6 October 1885 |4 April 1887 | 1 year, 180 days ! style="background:#C3B091;" | |Military | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister |4 April 1887 |29 July 1887 | 116 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Depretis VIII | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Francesco Crispi
(1819–1901)
As Prime Minister |29 July 1887 |6 February 1891 | 3 years, 192 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Crispi I·II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Antonio Starabba di Rudinì
(1839–1908)
As Prime Minister |6 February 1891 |15 May 1892 | 1 year, 99 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Di Rudinì I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Benedetto Brin
(1833–1898) |15 May 1892 |15 December 1893 | 1 year, 214 days ! style="background:#C3B091;" | |Military |bgcolor=#92EFBB|Giolitti I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Alberto Blanc
(1835–1904) |15 December 1893 |10 March 1896 | 2 years, 86 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Crispi III·IV | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Onorato Caetani
(1842–1917) |10 March 1896 |11 July 1896 | 123 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Di Rudinì II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914) |11 July 1896 |1 June 1898 | 1 year, 325 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Di Rudinì III·IV | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Raffaele Cappelli
(1848–1921) |1 June 1898 |29 June 1898 | 28 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Di Rudinì V | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Felice Napoleone Canevaro
(1838–1926) |29 June 1898 |14 May 1899 | 319 days ! style="background:#C3B091;" | |Military |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Pelloux I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914) |14 May 1899 |15 February 1901 |1 year, 277 days !style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Pelloux II
Saracco | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Giulio Prinetti
(1851–1908) |15 February 1901 |9 February 1903 | 1 year, 359 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Zanardelli | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Enrico Morin
(1841–1910) |9 February 1903 |3 September 1903 | 206 days ! style="background:#C3B091;" | |Military | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931) |3 September 1903 |27 March 1905 |1 year, 205 days !style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Giolitti II
Tittoni | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Alessandro Fortis
(1842–1909)
As Prime Minister |27 March 1905 |24 December 1905 | 272 days ! style="background:#2E8B57;" | |Historical Left |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Fortis I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Antonio Paternò Castello
di San Giuliano
(1852–1914) |24 December 1905 |8 February 1906 | 46 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Fortis II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Francesco Guicciardini
(1851–1915) |8 February 1906 |29 May 1906 | 110 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Sonnino I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931) |29 May 1906 |10 December 1909 | 3 years, 195 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Giolitti III | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Francesco Guicciardini
(1851–1915) |11 December 1909 |31 March 1910 | 110 days ! style="background:#1E87B2;" | |Historical Right |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Sonnino II | |- style="height:5em;" ! rowspan=2| ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" rowspan=2|Antonio Paternò Castello
di San Giuliano
(1852–1914) |rowspan=2|31 March 1910 |rowspan=2|17 October 1914 |rowspan=2|4 years, 210 days !rowspan=2 style="background:#266DB5;" | |rowspan=2|Historical Right /
Liberal Union |bgcolor=#EEEEEE|Luzzatti |rowspan=2| |- style="height:5em;" |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Giolitti IV
Salandra I |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Antonio Salandra
(1853–1931)
As Prime Minister |17 October 1914 |31 October 1914 |14 days ! style="background:#266DB5;" | |Liberal Union |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Salandra I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Sidney Sonnino
(1847–1922) |31 October 1914 |23 June 1919 |4 years, 235 days ! style="background:#266DB5;" | |Liberal Union |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Salandra III
Boselli
Orlando | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931) |23 June 1919 |26 June 1919 |3 days ! style="background:#266DB5;" | |Liberal Union |rowspan=2 bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Nitti I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Francesco Nitti
(1868–1953)
As Prime Minister |26 June 1919 |26 September 1919 |92 days ! style="background:#00542E;" | |Italian Radical Party | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Vittorio Scialoja
(1856–1933) |26 September 1919 |15 June 1920 |263 days ! style="background:#266DB5;" | |Liberal Union |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Nitti I·II | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Carlo Sforza
(1872–1952) |15 June 1920 |4 July 1921 |1 year, 19 days ! style="background:Gold;" | |Democratic Liberal Party |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Giolitti V | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Pietro Tomasi della Torretta
(1873–1962) |4 July 1921 |22 February 1922 |233 days ! style="background:#DCDCDC;" | |Independent |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Bonomi I | |- ! ! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Carlo Schanzer
(1865–1953) |26 February 1922 |31 October 1922 |251 days ! style="background:Gold;" | |Democratic Liberal Party |bgcolor=#D5E1FF|Facta I·II | |-

Team allocation

edit

Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)

edit
Giorgia MeloniMario DraghiGiuseppe ContePaolo GentiloniMatteo RenziEnrico LettaMario MontiMassimo D'AlemaRomano ProdiLamberto DiniSilvio BerlusconiCarlo Azeglio CiampiGiuliano AmatoCiriaco De MitaGiovanni GoriaBettino CraxiGiovanni SpadoliniArnaldo ForlaniFrancesco CossigaGiulio AndreottiEmilio ColomboMariano RumorAldo MoroGiovanni LeoneFernando TambroniAdone ZoliAntonio SegniMario ScelbaAmintore FanfaniGiuseppe PellaAlcide De GasperiFerruccio ParriPietro BadoglioBenito MussoliniLuigi FactaIvanoe BonomiFrancesco Saverio NittiVittorio Emanuele OrlandoPaolo BoselliAntonio SalandraLuigi LuzzatiSidney SonninoAlessandro FortisTommaso TittoniGiuseppe ZanardelliGiuseppe SaraccoLuigi PellouxGiovanni GiolittiAntonio Starabba, Marchese di RudinìFrancesco CrispiBenedetto CairoliAgostino DepretisGiovanni LanzaFederico Luigi, Conte MenabreaAlfonso Ferrero La MarmoraMarco MinghettiLuigi Carlo FariniUrbano RattazziBettino RicasoliCamillo Benso, Count of Cavour

Key

edit
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2008 12,434,260 33.2
217 / 630
 – Steady 2nd 11,052,577 33.7
118 / 315
 – Steady 2nd Walter Veltroni
2013 8,934,009 25.4
297 / 630
 Increase
80		 Steady 2nd 8,400,255 27.4
112 / 315
 Decrease
6		 Increase 1st Pier Luigi Bersani
2018 6,161,896 18.8
112 / 630
 Decrease
185		 Steady 2nd 5,783,360 19.1
54 / 315
 Decrease
58		 Steady 2nd Matteo Renzi
2022 5,356,180 19.1
69 / 400
 Decrease
43		 Steady 2nd 5,226,732 19.0
40 / 200
 Decrease
13		 Steady 2nd Enrico Letta
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2013 666,035 1.9
9 / 630
 – Steady 8th 590,083 1.9
0 / 315
 – Steady 7th Giorgia Meloni
2018 7,302,517 4.4
32 / 630
 Increase
23		 Increase 5th 1,286,606 4.3
18 / 315
 Increase
18		 Increase 5th
2022 7,302,517 26.0
119 / 400
 Increase
87		 Increase 1st 7,167,136 26.0
65 / 200
 Increase
47		 Increase 1st
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2013 8,691,406 25.6
109 / 630
 – Steady 1st 7,285,850 23.8
54 / 315
 – Steady 2nd Beppe Grillo
2018 10,732,066 32.7
227 / 630
 Increase
119		 Steady 1st 9,733,928 32.2
112 / 315
 Increase
58		 Increase 1st Luigi Di Maio
2022 4,333,972 15.4
52 / 400
 Decrease
175		 Decrease 3rd 4,285,894 15.6
28 / 200
 Decrease
85		 Decrease 3rd Giuseppe Conte
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2018 5,698,687 17.4
124 / 630
 Increase
104		 Increase 3rd 5,321,537 17.6
58 / 315
 Increase
40		 Increase 3rd Matteo Salvini
2022 2,464,005 8.8
66 / 400
 Decrease
59		 Decrease 4th 2,439,200 8.9
30 / 200
 Decrease
28		 Decrease 4th
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2018 4,596,956 14.0
106 / 630
 – Steady 4th 4,358,004 14.4
58 / 315
 – Steady 4th Silvio Berlusconi
2022 2,278,217 8.1
45 / 400
 Decrease
61		 Decrease 5th 2,279,802 8.3
18 / 200
 Decrease
40		 Decrease 5th
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2022 2,186,669 7.8
21 / 400
 – Steady 6th 2,132,310 7.7
9 / 200
 – Steady 6th Carlo Calenda
Election Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic Leader
Votes % Seats +/– Position Votes % Seats +/– Position
2022 1,071,663 3.6
12 / 400
 – Steady 7th 972,316 3.5
4 / 200
 – Steady 7th Angelo Bonelli

Climate

edit
Bologna, Italy
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
34
 
 
6
−1
 
 
44
 
 
9
1
 
 
54
 
 
14
4
 
 
74
 
 
18
7
 
 
58
 
 
23
12
 
 
57
 
 
27
16
 
 
41
 
 
30
19
 
 
53
 
 
30
18
 
 
68
 
 
25
15
 
 
72
 
 
19
10
 
 
68
 
 
11
4
 
 
49
 
 
7
0
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: [134]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
1.3
 
 
43
31
 
 
1.7
 
 
48
34
 
 
2.1
 
 
58
39
 
 
2.9
 
 
64
45
 
 
2.3
 
 
73
54
 
 
2.3
 
 
81
60
 
 
1.6
 
 
87
65
 
 
2.1
 
 
86
65
 
 
2.7
 
 
78
59
 
 
2.8
 
 
65
50
 
 
2.7
 
 
52
40
 
 
1.9
 
 
44
33
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

Meridiana

edit
Sezione Futura PD Civici AVS M5S FdI Ugolini FI Lega LCV ERPAL Totale
35 10
1,67%		 234
39,07%		 29
4,84%		 41
6,84%		 21
3,51%		 151
25,21%		 71
11,85%		 27
4,51%		 8
1,34%		 5
0,83%		 2
0,33%		 599
36 7
1,72%		 180
44,12%		 22
5,39%		 22
5,39%		 11
2,70%		 98
24,02%		 25
6,13%		 12
2,94%		 18
4,41%		 4
0,98%		 9
2,21%		 408
Totale 17
1,69%		 414
41,11%		 51
5,07%		 63
6,26%		 32
3,17%		 249
24,73%		 96
9,53%		 39
3,88%		 26
2,58%		 9
0,89%		 11
1,09%		 1007
Sezione De Pascale Ugolini Teodori Serra Totale
35 375
54,51%		 307
44,62%		 3
0,44%		 3
0,44%		 688
36 263
57,93%		 177
38,99%		 11
2,42%		 3
0,66%		 454
Totale 638
55,87%		 484
42,38%		 14
1,22%		 6
0,53%		 1142
edit
2027 Italian general election
← 2022
25 October 2027
Next →
400 seats in the Chamber (C) · 200 seats in the Senate (S)
201 seats needed for a majority in the Chamber
104 seats needed for a majority in the Senate
Opinion polls
Registered46,021,956 (C) · 45,210,950 (S)
Turnout29,385,111 (C) · 63.85% (Decrease 9.09 pp)
28,850,840 (S) · 63.81% (Decrease 9.20 pp)
  First party Second party
 
Leader Silvia Salis Giorgia Meloni
Party Independent Brothers of Italy
Alliance Centre-left Centre-right
Leader's seat Liguria (C) L'Aquila (C)
Seats won 195 (C) · 98 (S) 150 (C) · 66 (S)
Popular vote 12,340,096 (C)
12,161,688 (S)		 10,305,014 (C)
10,135,847 (S)
Percentage 44.1% (C) · 44.3% (S) 40.8% (C) · 39.0% (S)
Swing Increase 3.2 pp (C)
Increase 3.0 pp (S)		 Increase 6.8 pp (C)
Increase 6.5 pp (S)
Prime Minister before election

Giorgia Meloni
Brothers of Italy

 Prime Minister after the election

TBD

Atomic

edit
Atomic bombing of Tehran
Part of the 2026 Iran war
Atomic bomb mushroom cloud, over Tehran in 2026
Atomic bomb mushroom cloud over Tehran
TypeNuclear bombing
Location
Tehran, Iran
Date8 April 2026
Executed byUnited States
Casualties
Tehran:
  • 1,990,000–2,356,000 killed

References

edit
  1. ↑ "I Governo Mussolini". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  2. ↑ "I Governo Giolitti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 8 September 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  3. ↑ "II Governo Giolitti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 27 May 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  4. ↑ "III Governo Giolitti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  5. ↑ "IV Governo Giolitti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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  7. ↑ "I Governo Berlusconi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
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  10. ↑ "IV Governo Berlusconi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  11. ↑ "I Governo Depretis". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 28 November 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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  82. ↑ "I Governo Amato". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  83. ↑ "II Governo Amato II" (in Italian). 11 November 2015. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  84. ↑ "II Governo La Marmora". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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  86. ↑ "Governo Draghi". governo.it (in Italian). 13 February 2021. Archived from the original on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  87. ↑ "I Governo Bonomi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  88. ↑ "Governo Bonomi II". governo.it (in Italian). 20 November 2015. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  89. ↑ "Governo Bonomi III". governo.it (in Italian). 20 November 2015. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  90. ↑ "I Governo Orlando". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  91. ↑ "Governo Colombo". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 19 November 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  92. 1 2 "I Governo Ricasoli". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  93. ↑ "II Governo Ricasoli". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  94. ↑ "I Governo D'Alema". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  95. ↑ "II Governo D'Alema". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  96. ↑ "Governo Gentiloni". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 19 November 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  97. ↑ "Governo Monti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  98. ↑ "I Governo Spadolini". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  99. ↑ "II Governo Spadolini". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  100. ↑ "Governo Scelba". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  101. ↑ "I Governo Boselli". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  102. ↑ "Governo Dini". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  103. ↑ "I Governo Rattazzi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  104. ↑ "II Governo Rattazzi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  105. ↑ "Governo De Mita". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  106. ↑ "I Governo Cossiga". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  107. ↑ "II Governo Cossiga". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  108. ↑ "Governo Zoli". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  109. ↑ "Governo Ciampi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  110. ↑ "I Governo Luzzatti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 19 November 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  111. ↑ "I Governo Nitti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  112. ↑ "II Governo Nitti". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  113. ↑ "I Governo Leone". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
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  115. ↑ "Composizione del Governo Badoglio I". senato.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  116. ↑ "Governo Badoglio II". governo.it (in Italian). 20 November 2015. Archived from the original on 18 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  117. ↑ "I Governo Fortis". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  118. ↑ "II Governo Fortis". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  119. ↑ "Governo Letta". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  120. ↑ "Governo Goria". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  121. ↑ "Governo Forlani". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  122. ↑ "I Governo Facta". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  123. ↑ "II Governo Facta". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  124. ↑ "I Governo Saracco". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  125. ↑ "I Governo Sonnino". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  126. ↑ "II Governo Sonnino". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</ref |- ! 55 | [[Ferruccio Parri]] | {{age in years and days|1945|6|21|1945|12|10}} | {{color test|{{party color|Action Party (Italy)}}|size=1}} [[Action Party (Italy)|Action Party]] | 1 |<ref>"I Governo Parri". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 20 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  127. ↑ "Governo Pella". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  128. ↑ "Governo Tambroni". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 23 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  129. ↑ "I Governo Farini". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  130. ↑ "IV Governo Cavour". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  131. ↑ "I Governo Tittoni". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 27 May 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  132. ↑ "IV Governo Cavour". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  133. ↑ "I Governo Rattazzi". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  134. ↑ "Application Control Violation". clima.meteoam.it.
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