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International Cocoa Organization
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editThe International Cocoa Organization (ICCO[1]) is a global organization currently located in Abidjan, Cote d'lvoire[2]. ICCO was established in 1973 to put into effect the first International Cocoa Agreement which was negotiated in Geneva Switzerland at a United Nations International Cocoa Conference. [3] Formerly, ICCO was headquartered in England London[4] but in September 25, 2015, the International Cocoa Council (ICC) [5] unanimously approved the relocation of ICCO to Abidjan in order to be closer to major Cocoa producing regions. There have since been seven Agreements. The Seventh International Cocoa Agreement was negotiated in Geneva in 2010 and came into force provisionally on 1 October 2012. [6] ICCO Membership[7] is composed of both Cocoa producing and Cocoa Consuming Countries.
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editHistorical Background of ICCO
The reason why originally ICCO was headquartered in London England lies in the fact that in the 19th century the Quaker[8] businessmen entered the Cocoa business and used their skills to improve the living conditions for factory workers as well as making both chocolate and and Cocoa inexpensive and available to the locals. Since 1973 ICCO headquarter had remained in London until its recent relocation to Cote d'lvoire Abidjan together with its Secretariat.
Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa Statistics QBCS [9]provides reliable and up-to-date data analysis of Cocoa economy since 1960 on both Cocoa producing and Cocoa consuming countries. The ICCO serves as a platform for stakeholders in the global cocoa industry to discuss topics relevant to international cocoa trade. According to QBCS 2016-2017 Cocoa seasonal forecast the African continent is by far currently the predominant producer of Cocoa with 74% production followed by the America's 17% and Asia Pacific with 9%.
Governance:
In 2001, ICCO created the consultative Board on the World Cocoa Economy which consists of representatives of cocoa stakeholders from private sector and civil society in exporting and importing countries, including national public-private platforms. The Board [10]is an advisory body to the International Cocoa Council, whose mandate is to provide advice to the Council on key challenges affecting the world cocoa economy
The ICCO Secretariat:[11] The Secretariat is the executive body of ICCO responsible for implantation of the Organization's five year strategic plan based in the organization's headquarters in Abidjan Cote d'lvoire.
The International Cocoa Conference of 2010 in conjunction with United Nations Trade and Developments UNCTAD enhanced cooperation and dialogue among the relevant stakeholders of ICCO. These included exporters, importers, the governments and various private entities through fostering global consensus and strengthen policy discussions among stakeholders on key issues such as the long-term sustainability of the global cocoa value chain and fairness within the industry.
References
editLeissle, Kristy. Cocoa, Polity Press, 2018. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/UAZ/detail.action? doc ID=5294996.
Dand, Robin. The International Cocoa Trade. 3rd ed., 2011
Levetin, Estelle, and Karen McMahon. “16/Simulating Beverages.” Plants & Society, 7th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, New York State, 2016, pp.273
- ↑ "Home". International Cocoa Organization. 2024-11-01. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
- ↑ "International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) | LinkedIn". ci.linkedin.com. Retrieved 2024-10-22.
- ↑ "Who We Are". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
- ↑ "London", Wikipedia, 2024-11-02, retrieved 2024-11-05
- ↑ Follana, Carlos (2015-09-29). "ICCO HQ to move to Abidjan following Council decision". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved 2024-10-22.
- ↑ "Agreements". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
- ↑ "Who we are". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
- ↑ Levetin, Estelle (2015). Plants and Society [English] (7nd ed.). The University of Tulsa: McGraw Hill Education (published 2023). p. 273. ISBN 9780078023033.
- ↑ "Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa Statistics". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved 2024-10-31.
- ↑ "Economy". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
- ↑ "The Secretariat". International Cocoa Organization. Retrieved 2024-10-24.