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User:MiltonC/sandbox/Ontario

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1872-

10-25

 1873-11-25 1873-

12-04

 1874-03-24 1874-

04-04

 1875-07-23 1876-02-19 1877-

03-19

 1883-06-02 1883-11-01 1883-11-02 1883-11-23 1888-

05-01

 1889-01-18 1890-09-16 1890-10-25 1894-

05-30

Premier Oliver Mowat
Attorney General
Treasurer Adam Crooks Adam Crooks Samuel Wood James Young Alexander Ross Richard Harcourt
Secretary Timothy Pardee Christopher Fraser Archibald McKellar Samuel Wood Arthur Sturgis Hardy John Gibson
Crown Lands Richard Scott Timothy Pardee Timothy Pardee Arthur Sturgis Hardy
Agriculture Archibald McKellar Samuel Wood James Young Alexander Ross Charles Drury John Dryden
Public Works Archibald McKellar Christopher Fraser William Harty
Education Adam Crooks George Ross
Without Portfolio Erskine Henry Bronson


List of Ontario ministries

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  1. ↑ The 1871 election returned 43 Liberals and 39 Conservatives. When the house convened in December 1871, 3 Liberals and 5 Conservative seats were vacated. Cite error: The <ref> tag name cannot be a simple integer (see the help page).
  2. ↑ Cite error: The <ref> tag name cannot be a simple integer (see the help page). Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page without content in them (see the help page).


History of cabinet size and ministry expansion

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From five to eight: the province's nascent ministry (1867-1919)

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Section 63 of the British North America Act, 1867 established the Executive Council for Ontario (and Quebec). For Ontario, five executive offices were specifically created.[1]

There was no specific mention of, or provision for, the position of the Premier or Premier's office. A position titled President of the Honourable the Executive Council existed in the predecessor government of the United Province of Canada in the 26 years prior to confederation. It was however rarely held by either Joint-Premiers. Of the eight joint-premiers from Canada West (as Ontario was formally known during that era) and eleven from Lower Canada (Quebec) , only one from each column held the title while they were the co-heads of the government. For 21 of the 26 years, the joint premiers from Canada West were concurrently the the attorney general for Upper Canada. The newly created province follow that customs for its first few decades, with the head of the government occupy the office of the Attorney General during 32 of the province first 38 years. The size of cabinet temporary to six members during the 10-month premiership of Ontario's second premier Edward Blake, who held the title President of Council without heading any of the five portfolios.

Cabinet expanded from five to seven members on a permanent basis over Oliver Mowat's 24-year premiership, the longest in Ontario's history. A sixth department was created in 1874 when public works was split from agriculture. In 1876 upon the retirement of Rev. Dr. Egerton Ryerson, the long time non-partisan civil servant who served as Chief Superintendent of Schools for Upper Canada and then Ontario for a total of 32 years, education was formally made a ministerial portfolio. The size of cabinet however remained at six for another 12 years. The education portfolio was initially held concurrently by Treasurer Adam Crooks, who served as vice-chancellor of the University of Toronto prior to his election. While Crook was relieved of the treasury portfolio in 1877 to focus on education matters, subsequent treasurers instead held the agriculture portfolio concurrently. Cabinet was expanded to seven members in 1888 when the seven portfolios were all headed by different ministers.

Soon after Premier Whitney took office in 1905, he renamed the two commissioner titles to ministers. He also created an eighth department, the office of the President of the Executive Council.[2] A separate expense line was added to provide budget for a "Premier and President of Executive Council Department" that year[3] for providing administrative support to the Premier and was one of the smallest agencies of the government, consisting of just two Chief Clerks (one for the Premier and one for the Executive Council), one Assistant Clerk and a Stenographer.

From eight to nineteen, the expansion of the welfare state (1919-1960)

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The Ontario cabinet saw the significant expansion as the Ontario government expands its scope in response to the Great Depression, and the post war development following the two world wars.

Premier Hearst created a labour department separate from the public works department in 1919, but did not appointed a separate minister prior to his ministry's defeat in the 1919 election.

The size of cabinet jumped to eleven during the United Farmers and Labour coalition ministry of Premier Ernest Drury, with additional ministers dedicated to departments of labour under Hearst but , mines (separated from the land and forests department) and highways (separated from the public works department), with labour and mines going to the the junior coalition partner labour to secure the support of the

In 1924, Premier Howard Ferguson established two new portfolios, the Department of Health to take take over responsibilities for psychiatric hospitals and the Department of Hospitals for the inspections of public and private hospitals. The two department assumed selected responsibilities previously within the portfolios of provincial secretary and labour. The size of cabinet however remained at eleven, as Premier Ferguson served as his own education minister, and the health and hospital department were both headed by the same minister initially and were merged into a single department four years later.

Upon assuming the premiership in 1930, Premier George Henry established the 13th department, the Department of Public Welfare. The size of cabinet remained at eleven as Henry and other ministers held multiple portfolios at various times.

When former United Farmer MPP Mitch Hepburn led the Liberals back into government after 29 years of Conservative rule, he established Ontario's 14th ministerial department, the Department of Municipal Affairs and named former Windsor mayor David Croll as its first minister.

The five-year ministry of Premier George Drew saw the ministry further expanded with three more portfolios. The Department of Planning and Development was established in 1944 to coordinate the rehabilitation efforts following the Second World War and evolved over a few decades to become the primary department with responsibility over economic development and industry. The other two departments were created in 1946 as a result of elevation of the reformatory and prisons branch in the Provincial Secretary department and the travel and publicity bureau in the treasury department to ministerial portfolio as the Department of Reform Institutions (predecessor of the later solicitor general, correctional services, and public safety ministries) and the Department of Travel and Publicity (predecessor of the later tourism, culture and communications ministries).

The ministry expanded further during the ministry of Premier Leslie Frost with two new departments. In 1957 the Department of Transport was established and assumed responsibilities for vehicle licensing and inspection, driver licensing and improvement, and traffic engineering and highway safety, while the construction of highways remained with the Department of Highways. The two departments remained separate until 1971. The Department of Energy Resources was established in 1959. In the following decades, responsibilities over conservation authorities, mining, forestry and resource management shift back and fourth between the the various successor energy, mines and natural resources ministries.

Portfolios from recent decades

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Portfolio ministries were titled "department" prior to 1972. Certain ministers held titles such as secretary and commissioners of their portfolio in the past.

The following is a non-exhaustive list of former portfolio. As much as possible, the following list groups former portfolios as predecessor to current portfolios with similar but not necessarily identical functions/mandate. Some former portfolios also had their responsibility distributed to multiple successor ministries.


  1. ↑ British North America Act, 1867, 30 & 31 Victoria (U.K.) 1867, c. 3, s. 63 (British North America Act, 1867 at Canadian Legal Information Institute)
  2. ↑ [{{{link}}} An Act to amend The Act respecting the Executive Council], S.O. 5 Edward VII (1905), c. 5
  3. ↑ [{{{link}}} An Act for granting to His Majesty certain sums of money to defray the expenses of Civil Government for the year one thousand nine hundred and five and for other purposes therein mentioned.], S.O. 5 Edward VII (1905), c. 1, Sch. A





Mowat Ministry

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Start date Premier Attorney
General		 Secretary
& Registrar		 Treasurer Comm. of
Agriculture		 Comm. of
Public Works		 Comm. of
Crown Lands		 Min. of
Education		 Min. w/o
Portfolio
1872-10-25 Oliver Mowat T. Pardee Adam Crooks Archibald McKellar Richard Scott
1873-11-25 Christopher Fraser
1873-12-04 Timothy Pardee
1874-03-24
1874-04-04A. McKellar A. McKellar Christopher Fraser
(1875-01-18)

1875-07-23

 Samuel Wood Samuel Wood
1876-02-19 Adam Crooks
1877-03-19 Arthur Sturgis Hardy Samuel Wood
(1879-06-05)

(1883-02-27) 1883-06-02

 James Young
1883-11-02 Alexander Ross
1883-11-23 George Ross
(1886-12-28)

1888-05-01

 Alexander Ross Charles Drury
1889-01-18 John Gibson Arthur Sturgis Hardy
(1890-06-05)

1890-09-16

 Richard Harcourt John Dryden Erskine H. Bronson
1894-05-30 W. Harty
1895-04-16 A.S. Hardy § new role ⇓ continue ⇓ continue ⇓ continue § new role ⇓ continue ⇓ continue


Seating Chart

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==

   
   

| style="width: 4em;|

                         
                          
                          
 
                          
                          
                          
                          

|- | |     ||     ||     |     ||     ||     |           |           |- | |     ||     ||     |     ||     ||     |     |- | |     ||     ||     |     ||     ||     |     |- | |     ||     ||     |     ||     ||        |           |-

| colspan=9 height=4em style="text-align:center;"|

2nd Parliament of Ontario
  Liberal: 43     Conservative: 38  

   
   

Conservative-Liberal: 1
     seats vacated pending byelection when parliament first met in December 1871

|}

LIST OF ELECTIONS

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  1. ↑ Includes all results for Progressive Conservatives (from 1943), Conservative–Equal Rights, Conservative-Patron, Conservative–P.P.A., Liberal-Conservative and Conservative Independent.
  2. ↑ Includes all results for Liberal-P.P.A., Liberal-Patron, Liberal-Equal Rights, Liberal-Temperance, Liberal-United Farmers and Liberal Independent.
  3. ↑ Includes all results for Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Ontario Section) (CCF) prior to 1961.
  4. ↑ Includes all results for Labour-United Farmers.
  5. ↑ Despite winning the election, they were defeated in the legislature by the Liberal Party and their support from the NDP.
  6. ↑ Although they had fewer seats than the Conservatives, the Liberals formed a minority government with the support of the NDP.
  7. ↑ Includes all results Liberal-Conservative (1930s or earlier), and Conservative Independents; present results for Progressive Conservatives (from 1943)
  8. ↑ Includes all results for Liberal Independents
  9. ↑ Includes all results for Labour Party and Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (Ontario Section) (CCF) prior to 1961.
  10. ↑ Includes all results for Labour-United Farmers, Progressive Party, Progressive-Liberals
  11. ↑ Conservative and Liberal results included their candidates who were campaigning with the endorseements of Equal Rights Party
  12. ↑ Conservative and Liberal results included their candidates who were endorsed by Patrons of Industry or Protestant Protective Association (PPA) and campaigned under joint banners
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