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St. Cedd's College in the online Shada remake
Wills Hall at the University of Bristol was used as St. Cedds for the 2012 television adaptation.

The Epstein files comprise over six million pages of documents detailing the activities of American financier and convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. So far about three and a half million files have been made public, among them 180,000 images and 2,000 videos. The U.S. Justice Department claimed having redacted all and only the names of victims and of law enforcement officials, yet it released the names of nearly 100 Epstein victims.

Many members of the transnational capitalist class appeared in the files, as well as prominent figures in academia, politics, royalty, entertainment, and other areas. The revelation of some of the names has led to public backlash. As of February 2026, former British prince Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor was arrested for misconduct in public office related to the Epstein files; Ghislaine Maxwell has been convicted for activities related to Epstein's crimes; Jean-Luc Brunel and Thorbjørn Jagland have been charged for activities related to Epstein's crimes.

No wrongdoing is established by merely appearing in the documents and people featured in the files commonly deny any wrongdoing in relation to Epstein's life and crimes.


Background

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Releases

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According to the Department of Justice (DOJ), the Epstein files comprise over six million pages.[1] So far about three and a half million files have been made public, among them 180,000 images and 2,000 videos[2] detailing the activities of American financier and convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.[3] In January 2026, the DOJ released about three million documents,[4] mostly photos one month earlier,[5] and almost 12,300 documents in November 2025.[6] In September, the House Oversight Committee released tens of thousands of pages;[4] almost all of them were already in public.[7] House Democrats on the committee released a list of the most prominent names in them.[8]

Redactions

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The DOJ claimed that only names of victims and of law enforcement officials were redacted, yet released the names of nearly 100 Epstein victims in the files.[9] Representative Ro Khanna, after viewing unredacted files, claimed that some redacted segments at the time—such as one labeling Les Wexner as a co-conspirator—did not follow this statement.[10]

The names of many public figures appeared in the files. These include: powerful men;[11] Silicon Valley elite;[12] people in wealthy circles and academics;[13] politicians, royals, musicians, and actors.[14]

No wrongdoing is established by merely appearing in the documents and it is common that people featured in the files have denied any wrongdoing in relation to Epstein's life and crimes.[15] Yet the revelation of the names in the files released led to what the The Washington Post called "a wave of resignations and investigations".[16]

Litigation

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As of February 2026, the only individual convicted for activities related to Epstein's crimes is Ghislaine Maxwell,[17] and the only individuals prosecuted for activities related to Epstein's crimes are Jean-Luc Brunel[18] and Thorbjørn Jagland.[19][20]

In February 2026, JPMorgan Chase Bank settled with Epstein's victims for $290 million.[21]

Names

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A-E

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Woody Allen

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Woody Allen

Woody Allen and his wife were regular guests at the Upper East Side townhouse from 2010 onward. In a letter for Epstein's 63rd birthday, Allen wrote "Always accept. Always interesting" regarding the dinners. Photographs showed Allen and Epstein together, including on a private plane alongside Larry Summers.[22][23] Emails showed Epstein helping Allen's daughter get into Bard College by connecting her to Leon Botstein.[24]

Anil Ambani

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Anil Ambani

Anil Ambani and Epstein were introduced by Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem, Ambani seeking White House connections.[25] In March 2017, Epstein suggested a "tall Swedish blonde woman, to make fun to visit" to Anil, who responded: "Arrange that."[26] The day Modi secured re-election in 2019, Ambani visited Epstein's Manhattan townhouse; Epstein told Steve Bannon on that evening that a representative of Modi claimed there was limited access to U.S. officials in Washington.[25]

Eva Andersson-Dubin

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Eva Andersson-Dubin was Epstein's girlfriend for 11 years before marrying Glenn Dubin. The Dubins flew on Epstein's planes at least 18 times between 1996 and 2005.[27] In a 2010 email, Andersson-Dubin invited Epstein, suggesting that her daughter "will have 5 friends over".[28]

Dan Ariely

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Dan Ariely

Dan Ariely had a longstanding relationship with Epstein. In one email from 2012 Ariely asked Epstein for the name and email of a "redhead" he met earlier.[29][30]

Peter Attia

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Peter Attia

Peter Attia's name appeared over 1,700 times in the files. In one email, Attia told Epstein: "the life you lead is so outrageous, and yet I can't tell a soul".[31][32] Attia stepped down from his position as science officer for a protein bar manufacturer and lost his position as an advisor for a sleep tech company,[33] but CBS News decided to keep him as contributor.[34]

José María Aznar

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José María Aznar

José María Aznar, the former Prime Minister of Spain, and his wife Ana Botella are listed in the files as recipients of two parcels from Epstein, the first in 2003 and the second in 2004. The contents of the packages were not specified.[35]


Joscha Bach

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Joscha Bach

Joscha Bach is a German cognitive scientist whose work at the MIT Media Lab has been subsidized by Epstein. Bach wrote to Epstein in 2016 that "black kids in the US have slower cognitive development" and that women "tend to find abstract systems, conflicts and mechanisms intrinsically boring". Bach stated he kept connected to Epstein after his conviction because academics recommended him as a funding source and vouched for his reformation.[36]

Doug Band

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Doug Band is an American businessman and lawyer, and a former aide to Bill Clinton. Emails released in 2026 show that Band and Ghislaine Maxwell exchanged flirtatious emails in 2002, and that the two facilitated connections between Clinton and Epstein.[37] Emails between Maxwell and Epstein further indicate that the pair purchased a $35,000 Audemars Piguet watch as a Christmas gift for Band in 2005,[38] and show that Band received an invitation from Maxwell for dinner with a "sluty [sic] Spanish girl". Band also flew on Epstein's private jet more than 35 times.[39] As questions about Maxwell's conduct grew, Band appears to have distanced Clinton from her; in 2011, he directed a fellow Clinton aide to "remove" Maxwell "from all lists" granting her access to Clinton-related events.[37]

Steve Bannon

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Steve Bannon

Steve Bannon is an American media executive, political strategist, pundit and former chief strategist of the White House. The documents included thousands of text messages between the alt-right populist and Epstein, particularly from 2018 and 2019. The messages showed the two discussing efforts to influence international geopolitics, including shaping European coalitions, increasing pressure on China, and forging business ties in the Middle East. Epstein offered Bannon the use of a Paris apartment, a Palm Beach house, and his plane on multiple occasions; the two dined together frequently. Bannon provided media training to Epstein as part of work on a documentary and coached him as he faced increasing media scrutiny in early 2019. Bannon did not immediately respond to requests for comment.[40] In 2018, Bannon suggested Epstein establish a "center for human trafficking, teenage prostitution etc..." to help rehabilitate Epstein's image.[41]

A 2018 exchange focused on Donald Trump's threats at the time to oust Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell, whom he had named to the post just the year prior.[42] In July 2019, Epstein shared an article reporting of Tommy Robinson's contempt of court case in 2018 with Bannon, to which Bannon proclaimed Robinson as the "backbone of England". In response, Epstein replied: "Thats, why the pound so low. [sic]"[43]

Ehud Barak

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Ehud Barak

Ehud Barak is a former prime minister and Minister of Defense of Israel. A September 2013 email showed Barak informing Epstein that Larry Summers had withdrawn from consideration to chair the Federal Reserve, writing, "A major blow to a friend. ... Now he'll probably be free in the next few days." Later that day, Epstein emailed Barak to schedule meetings for him with billionaire banker Ariane de Rothschild and an individual referred to as the "kissinger china guy". A representative for Barak did not respond to a request for comment.[44]

In a 2013 recording of Barak and Epstein released by the DOJ, Epstein encouraged Barak to "look at" working with Peter Thiel's company Palantir.[45] Previously leaked emails from Barak's account show Epstein leveraged his relationship with Barak to approach powerful figures like Thiel, a former director of Israeli signals intelligence, Russian official Sergey Belyakov, and Russian businessman Viktor Vekselberg.[46] This leak also contained an email where Barak complimented Epstein on his "Great, impressive island".[47] In another email released by the DOJ, Epstein told Barak he was attempting to meet Vladimir Putin to discuss investment opportunities.[48]

In 2016, the Israeli government installed security equipment and controlled access to a Manhattan apartment building managed by Epstein for use by his associates and underage models, and owned by his brother, as Barak frequently used an apartment in the building for extended stays. This security arrangement continued for at least two years.[49][50]

Tom Barrack

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Tom Barrack

Tom Barrack is an American private equity real estate investor, fundraiser for Donald Trump and United States Ambassador to Turkey. Barrack, Trump, and Epstein were friends who socialized among the New York elite as early as the 1980s and 1990s, and by the early 2000s Barrack and Epstein both had business ties to the Middle East.[51]

He and Epstein were in regular, close contact, inviting each other to their homes, introducing each other to diplomats and investors, and discussing business opportunities. Epstein repeatedly asked Barrack to communicate with the Signal encrypted messaging app, which were not part of the Epstein files released by the US government.[51]

After Epstein's release from jail in 2009, Barrack wrote to him, "Thinking about u, hope u r good and life s calm again".[51]

In a March 2016 email exchange, Epstein told Barrack that he had received calls from reporters asking about Trump but had refrained from commenting. Barrack responded, "Hope ur good. Let's catch up"; Epstein replied, "send photos of you and child. — makes me smile."[44]

Sergei Belyakov

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Sergei Belyakov

Sergei Belyakov is a former Deputy Minister of Economic Development of Russia. Epstein emailed Sergei Belyakov that a "Russian girl" was attempting to blackmail businessmen in New York.[52]

Leon Black

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Leon Black is an American private equity investor. Epstein sometimes referred to Black as "Mr. Big" in emails. Weeks after Epstein's death, JPMorgan Chase filed a suspicious activity report for transactions conducted by Black as well as Glenn Dubin, Alan Dershowitz, and Leslie Wexner, totalling about $1 billion. These reports were unsealed by a federal judge.[53] Epstein sought to gather information about one of Black's former girlfriends and discussed putting her under surveillance; while Black was not copied on those emails, his lawyer was on some of them. Black, who paid Epstein a total of $170 million for what he characterized as tax and estate planning advice, told investors after Epstein's death that he was "completely unaware" of Epstein's misconduct. The documents included a list of payments from Black to a former model connected to Epstein, labeled as "gifts", totaling more than $600,000.[54]

In January 2021, Black stepped down from his leadership roles at Apollo Global Management, the firm he co-founded.[55]

David Blaine

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David Blaine

David Blaine is an American magician. Released emails show a years-long correspondence between Epstein and Blaine, and that the two met regularly for dinner between 2012 and 2016. In May 2015, Epstein asked Blaine to provide a letter of support for a U.S. visa application for a woman whose name is redacted, to which Blaine agreed. In an email inviting Blaine to meet in 2013, Epstein asked whether Blaine's "French girl" was in town; in a 2014 email, Epstein suggested Blaine could find him a new assistant while the latter was on tour in South Africa.[56]

Todd Boehly

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Todd Boehly

Todd Boehly is an American businessman. Emails from 2011 showed Epstein arranged two meetings with the businessman, who is now chairman of Chelsea F.C. and part-owner of the Los Angeles Dodgers and Los Angeles Lakers. At the time, Boehly was a managing partner at Guggenheim Partners. The first meeting took place in January 2011; a second was scheduled for September 2011 as a conference call, arranged in part to discuss British politician Peter Mandelson. A spokesperson for Boehly declined to comment. The emails did not suggest Boehly's engagements with Epstein extended beyond business.[57]

Leon Botstein

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Leon Botstein

Leon Botstein is a Swiss-born American conductor, educator, historical musicologist, and scholar serving as the President of Bard College. He met Epstein numerous times after his 2008 conviction, soliciting donations to the school. In 2011, Epstein gave Bard $75,000 in unsolicited donations.[58] He invited Epstein to an opera at Bard in 2013 and a concert at the college in 2016; Epstein planned each time to bring young female assistants and arrive by helicopter. He stated that the school had security ready due to Epstein's criminal record.[59]

In 2016, he received checks from an Epstein-linked account totaling approximately $150,000, which he said he donated to Bard that year; a college spokesman confirmed the donation. Botstein stated that Epstein designated the payments as fees. He said the funds were payment for a one-year term on the board of Gratitude America, an Epstein-created foundation. In an interview with the Wall Street Journal he said, "I have no idea why he concocted this scheme, he didn't want to write a check to Bard."[58] Also included in the files were emails that revealed that Epstein had connected Botstein with the daughter of Woody Allen and Soon-Yi Previn so that she could attend Bard College.[24]

Ana Botella

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Edward Boyden

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Edward Boyden is an American-French MIT neuroscientist. In August 2015, Reid Hoffman hosted a dinner in Palo Alto for Boyden. Epstein emailed Peter Attia about the event, and sent himself a photo with Elon Musk, Peter Thiel, Mark Zuckerberg, and his wife, Priscilla Chan. In an email to Tom Pritzker, Epstein described the dinner as "wild".[60]

Richard Branson

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Richard Branson

Richard Branson is a British business magnate and founder of the Virgin Group. A 2013 email exchange between Branson and Epstein suggested a familiar relationship built at least in part around their interest in women.[61] Branson wrote to Epstein, "Any time you're in the area would love to see you. As long as you bring your harem!" A representative for Branson stated the email was sent after a group business meeting where Epstein had arrived with three adult women whom he called his "harem".[62]

Børge Brende

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Børge Brende

Børge Brende is a Norwegian politician and, since 2017, CEO of the World Economic Forum. The files show that Epstein and Brende exchanged more than 120 emails and text messages, and that Brende was a guest at several dinners hosted by Epstein at his townhouse in New York City.[63] One such exchange show the two ridiculing Sara Netanyahu, the wife of Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, referring to her as "Miss Piggy".[63]

A photograph shows Brende at Epstein's New York home together with Steve Bannon (q.v.) and Terje Rød-Larsen (q.v.);[63] Brende stated he was introduced to Epstein by the latter.[64]

Flavio Briatore

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Flavio Briatore

Flavio Briatore is an Italian businessman. Briatore maintained email contact with Epstein. In a 2010 email, Epstein referred to Briatore as his "Italian friend".[65]

Sergey Brin

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Sergey Brin

Sergey Brin is an American computer scientist and businessman who co-founded Google. Documents indicated Brin visited Epstein's private island and corresponded with Ghislaine Maxwell about attending dinners at Epstein's home.[62]

John Brockman

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John Brockman

John Brockman established the Edge Foundation, for which Epstein was the biggest donor.[66] Epstein funded numerous events by Brockman, many of which were private dinners attended by Epstein and numerous Silicon Valley billionaires.[12] In 2018, Epstein advised Brockman not to care about diversity, for he held women as "weak" and "a distraction".[67] In the same year, Brockman boasted to Epstein that the net worth of his 2014 'billionaires dinner' equaled the combined wealth of 60% of Americans.[68]

David Brooks

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David Brooks

David Brooks is a Canadian-born American author and journalist for the New York Times. Brooks wrote a 2025 New York Times column dismissing the continuing media coverage of Epstein. He appears in several photos in the files, taken while Brooks was attending a 2011 event with Epstein.[69]

Jean-Luc Brunel

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Jean-Luc Brunel was a French model scout, and the founder of MC2 Model Management, with financing by Epstein. From 1998 to 2005, Brunel was listed as a passenger in flight logs for Epstein's private plane on 25 trips. In 2008, he visited the jail where Epstein was held at least 70 times. In November 2025, the House oversight committee released an email showing that Epstein and Brunel were discussing "girls" and travel.[70]

William Burns

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William Burns

William Burns is an American diplomat and former director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Scheduling documents showed Burns had three meetings with Epstein in 2014, when Burns was deputy secretary of state. They first met in Washington at the office of law firm Steptoe & Johnson, and Burns subsequently visited Epstein's Manhattan townhouse. A CIA spokeswoman stated that Burns was introduced to Epstein as "an expert in the financial services sector" who "offered general advice on transition to the private sector" as Burns was preparing to leave government service, adding that "they had no relationship."[59]


Naomi Campbell

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Naomi Campbell

Naomi Campbell is a British supermodel whose work included runway modeling for Victoria's Secret, where Les Wexner was CEO, and Edward Razek was the chief marketing officer. Campbell frequently invited Epstein to lavish events around the world and Epstein invited Campbell to his island and to fly on his plane. Epstein used his association with her to convince people that he could help them start a modeling career or get jobs at Victoria's Secret.[71]

Nick Candy

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Nick Candy is a luxury property developer who also serves as treasurer for Reform UK. Candy appears in emails since late 2004, meeting Jeffrey Epstein associate Sarah Kellen and Ghislaine Maxwell. In 2010, Candy offered one of his properties in Knightsbridge to Epstein for £80,000,000. In a 2014 email, referring to both Nick Candy and his brother Christian, Epstein said "I like both of those guys".[72][73][74] Nigel Farage, leader of Reform UK, said he had "no concerns" about Candy's appearance in the Epstein files.[75]

Fidel Castro

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Fidel Castro

Fidel Castro was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008. In 2003, Castro invited Epstein to Cuba. According to Andrés Pastrana, the former president of Colombia who was mentioned in both the files and the flight logs, he and Epstein flew to Cuba on the Lolita Express to meet with Castro.[76] The files released by the Justice Department included at least one photo of Maxwell with Castro.[77]

Frédéric Chaslin

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Frédéric Chaslin

Frédéric Chaslin is a French conductor, composer, and pianist. In a September 2013 email, Chaslin wrote to Epstein that he had "found a great girl for your next stay in Paris. Philosophy student. 21." After the email was made public, Chaslin stated that Epstein had asked him to recommend an interpreter before visiting museums in Paris.[78] The former student declined the offer, after a meeting with Epstein's secretary, and having searched Epstein's name online and found out about his 2008 sex trafficking conviction.[79]

Noam Chomsky

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Noam Chomsky

Noam Chomsky is an American professor, public intellectual, and linguist. In a 2015 email, Epstein offered Chomsky use of his residences in New York and New Mexico.[80] An undated photograph showed Chomsky seated next to Epstein on a plane.[81] In January 2017, Chomsky's wife Valeria emailed Epstein to apologize for missing his birthday.[82]

An undated letter of support attributed to the linguist and philosopher called Epstein a "highly valued friend" and described their "regular contact" as "a most valuable experience."[82] In the letter, Chomsky praised Epstein for teaching him "about the intricacies of the global financial system" and recounted how Epstein had arranged for Chomsky to meet former Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak.[82][83]

In March 2018, approximately $270,000 was transferred from an Epstein-linked account to Chomsky; Chomsky stated that the transfer involved "rearrangement of my own funds" related to the disbursement of common funds from his first marriage and "did not involve one penny from Epstein". Chomsky told The Wall Street Journal that he met occasionally with Epstein to discuss political and academic topics.[58] In 2019, after Virgina Giuffre's accusations went public, Chomsky advised Epstein to not comment on it because that would provide additional negative public attention, adding "That's particularly true now with the hysteria that has developed about abuse of women, which has reached the point that even questioning a charge is a crime worse than murder."[84]

Deepak Chopra

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Deepak Chopra

Deepak Chopra is an Indian-American New Age guru and alternative medicine advocate. In a July 2016 exchange, Chopra asked Epstein if he knew Trump's ex-wife Marla Maples; Epstein replied that he had lost a $10,000 bet with Trump when Maples became pregnant. In November 2016, Epstein sent Chopra a news story claiming that a woman had fabricated allegations of assault by Trump and Epstein; when Epstein confirmed the civil charges against him had been dropped, Chopra responded "Good." Chopra stated that he hoped "all of the truth comes out after ongoing and proper investigations" and was "happy to share whatever I know with authorized officials."[44]

George Church

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George Church

George Church is an American geneticist, molecular engineer, chemist, and professor at Harvard University. According to his online personal calendar, Church met with Epstein multiple times in 2014, including an April meeting at Harvard Medical School's Genetics Department building and a lunch in June. The calendar also listed a November 2014 dinner at Harvard's Program for Evolutionary Dynamics with Epstein, Joi Ito, Reid Hoffman, and Martin Nowak.[85]

Vitaly Churkin

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Vitaly Churkin

Vitaly Churkin was a Russian diplomat, who served as the Permanent Representative of Russia to the United Nations from 2006 until his death in 2017. He often met Epstein in New York. According to the files, Epstein offered to help Churkin's son Maxim find a job at a wealth management firm in New York. In an email, Epstein indicated he had advised Churkin about how to deal with Donald Trump and he offered his insight to Sergey Lavrov and Vladimir Putin after Churkin died.[86]

Bill Clinton

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Bill Clinton

Bill Clinton served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. The documents included frequent communications between Maxwell and Clinton staffers between 2001 and 2004, a period during which the former president traveled on Epstein's plane at least 16 times. Much of the correspondence pertained to travel and dining logistics; in one April 2003 email, Maxwell asked a Clinton staffer if the former president would like to attend a dinner. Some emails between Maxwell and Clinton office addresses were flirtatious or lewd in nature; in one message, Maxwell said that the recipient was "hung like a horse," and referenced "Belzburg stuff", an apparent allusion to tabloid stories from 2002 about Clinton's association with New York socialite Lisa Belzberg.[87][88]

A Clinton spokesman stated that the former president did not send any of the emails and had "never emailed" outside of two occasions during his presidency. The spokesman has said Clinton cut ties with Epstein before his 2006 charges, did not know about his crimes, and denied ever visiting Epstein's island. An unredacted message shows Doug Band saying he shared a Blackberry account with Clinton.[87]

David Copperfield

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David Copperfield

David Copperfield is an American stage magician and illusionist. Johanna Sjoberg, who later accused Epstein of abuse, testified that she attended a 2004 dinner at Epstein's home where Copperfield performed magic tricks; she said Copperfield asked her if she was aware that "girls were getting paid to find other girls". Copperfield's lawyers stated he asked Sjoberg "out of surprise (and concern for her)".[89]

Phone message pads seized by police from Epstein's Florida mansion in 2005 showed the illusionist left messages for Epstein 16 times over several months in 2004 and 2005. Epstein's housekeeper Alfredo Rodriguez testified in 2009 that Copperfield was at the house "maybe two or three times" and "came to the house, played tricks" before leaving.[89]

An October 2007 email described Copperfield as "Epstein's favorite cohort" and stated that tickets with "backstage passes" were a frequent gift Epstein gave to girls.[90] Copperfield's lawyers denied he was friends with Epstein and that he "was completely unaware of Epstein's horrific crimes".[89] Undated photographs released in December 2025 showed Copperfield and Maxwell posing together in bathrobes.[90]

Bill Cosby

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Bill Cosby

Bill Cosby is an American former comedian, actor, and media personality. Documents show that Bill Cosby and Jeffrey Epstein corresponded and that Epstein had invited Cosby to dinner parties. Epstein closely followed Cosby's sexual assault case in 2015. Between 2017 and 2018, Epstein unsuccessfully pursued purchasing Cosby's home.[91]


Dalai Lama

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Richard Dawkins

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Richard Dawkins

Richard Dawkins is a British biologist, author and atheist activist. He had dinner with Epstein at a gala in a conference in Arizona in April 2014. Dawkins wrote that Epstein's case is "not as black as painted" and mentioned a "witch-hunt".[92]

Alan Dershowitz

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Alan Dershowitz

Alan Dershowitz is an American lawyer and law professor. In 2007, Dershowitz was part of Epstein's legal team that negotiated a nonprosecution agreement for Epstein in Florida.[93] Weeks after Epstein's death, JPMorgan Chase filed a suspicious activity report for transactions conducted by Dershowitz as well as Glenn Dubin, Leon Black, and Leslie Wexner, totalling about $1 billion.[53] The files contain interview questions with Dershowitz. He was questioned if he had used social media to attempt to discredit victims of Epstein, one of his clients. He denied that he had done so, claiming that he cannot use social media because he does not own a computer.[94]

Maria Drokova

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Maria Drokova is a Russian investor and venture capitalist. In the files, Drokova appeared to have work for Epstein as a public relations agent.[95] In 2017 she contacted a Science journalist, Jeffrey Mervis, presenting herself as Epstein's publicist. She told journalist Seth Hettena that this was a one-time service for which she was not paid. It was reported that she selected "suitable" journalists for publications about Epstein and coordinated preparation of his comments, including for an article in The Huffington Post.[96]

Glenn Dubin

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Glenn Dubin

Glenn Dubin is an American billionaire hedge fund manager and husband of Epstein's former girlfriend Eva Andersson-Dubin. Weeks after Epstein's death, JPMorgan Chase filed a suspicious activity report for transactions conducted by Dubin as well as Leon Black, Alan Dershowitz, and Leslie Wexner, totalling about $1 billion.[53] Guiffre listed Dubin as one of the men with whom Maxwell and Epstein directed her to have sex. The Dubins' former household manager, Rinaldo Rizzo, also recounted in the released court documents an encounter with a 15-year-old girl who was allegedly trafficked by Epstein in 2005. Dubin denies the allegations made in both of these sworn testimonies.[97][98]


Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj

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Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj

Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj was prime minister of Mongolia in 1998 and from 2004 to 2006, and President from 2009 to 2017. Emails show Epstein hosted a dinner for Elbegdorj, Ehud Barak, and Terje Rød-Larsen at his Manhattan townhouse in September 2015. Epstein had connections to the Mongolia Advisory Board, a body linked to the International Peace Institute (IPI), of which Rød-Larsen was President; documents show Epstein used his network to explore business opportunities in Mongolia, and helped broker a security agreement between the governments of Mongolia and Israel.[99]

Edward Jay Epstein

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Edward Jay Epstein

Edward Jay Epstein (no relation to Jeffrey Epstein) was an American investigative journalist. His first contact with Jeffrey Epstein was from 1987–1989. During this time, he became aware of multiple instances of what he believed were fraud and other instances of legal market manipulation, and he wrote an article about this in a column for Manhattan, inc. magazine. He did not name Jeffrey in this article, but he identified him as a grifter and fabulist, and Jeffrey stopped speaking with him after its publication.[100][101][102]

Twenty-four years later, Jeffrey Epstein contacted Ed Epstein again, inviting him to tea to discuss an article Ed wrote about Vladimir Nabokov, and an artificial intelligence project named Sophia. Emails from this time are part of the files released by the US federal government. David Hanson and Ben Goertzel both worked on the Sophia robot and solicited significant funding from Jeffrey Epstein.[101]

F-J

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Andrew Farkas

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Andrew Farkas is an American real estate developer. Farkas co-owned a marina with Epstein in St. Thomas for years. Documents showed the two men exchanged crude emails about women in 2010, after Epstein's first arrest and conviction. In a 2018 note, Farkas told Epstein he loved him and considered him one of his best friends, signing off "xoxo". Farkas also stayed on Epstein's island. The real estate developer characterized the relationship as purely business-related; a spokeswoman told The New York Times in December 2025 that Farkas "regrets their association".[54]

Frédéric Fekkai

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Frédéric Fekkai is a French celebrity hairstylist. In an unsealed 2016 deposition, former Epstein assistant Johanna Sjoberg stated she had heard a telephone conversation where Epstein asked the called whether they could "find some girls" for Fekkai.[103]

Sarah Ferguson

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Sarah Ferguson

Sarah Ferguson is a British author, former member of the British royal family, and former Duchess of York. Then known as Sarah, Duchess of York, the former wife of Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor (formerly Prince Andrew, Duke of York), thanked Epstein for being the "brother" she "always wished for" in an email sent in August 2009, a year after his conviction. In the exchange, Ferguson appeared to suggest she and her daughters, Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie, had met Epstein, writing: "I have never been more touched by a friends kindness than your compliment to me in front of my girls." Epstein was under house arrest when the email was sent, but Ferguson implied the pair had lunch the previous week; it has not been confirmed if she visited him while he was confined to his home.

The emails also showed Ferguson discussing conversations she had with retailers regarding a "Sarah Ferguson brand". Epstein gave Ferguson at least £15,000 (about $23367) to help pay off debts, though some reports have suggested he financially supported her to a greater extent. In 2011, Ferguson said her relationship with Epstein had been a "gigantic error of judgment", but later emailed him privately to apologize.[104]

After the Epstein files were released in 2026, the charity she established in 2020 closed.[33]

Bill Gates

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Bill Gates

Bill Gates is an American businessman and philanthropist who is the co-founder of Microsoft. Epstein drafted emails in 2013, addressed to his own account, alleging that Gates had tried to surreptitiously give medication for sexually transmitted diseases to his then-wife, Melinda French Gates.[105] Gates denied the allegations.[61][106]

David Gelernter

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David Gelernter

David Gelernter is an American computer scientist, writer and professor at Yale University. The Epstein files reveal email correspondence between Gelernter and Epstein from 2009 to 2015. In their exchanges, they scheduled several visits, including in New York City, and discussed the scent and dress of women in Paris. In an apparent recommendation letter from October 2011, Gelernter described one of his undergraduate students to Epstein: "I have a perfect editoress in mind: Yale sr, worked at Vogue last summer, runs her own campus mag, art major, completely connected, v[ery] small goodlooking blonde."[107] In February 2026, it was reported that Gelernter had been relieved of his teaching duties amid a review by Yale.[108]

Joe Gibbs

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Joe Gibbs

Joe Gibbs is an American former football coach and racing team owner. Gibbs as well as his organization, Joe Gibbs Racing (JGR), are mentioned in 2 separate documents. In one document, what is believed to be a victim of Epstein recalls Gibbs as being very nice while calling Daniel Snyder a "pig". In the other, dated January 3, 2013, an unknown party rented a JGR aircraft from the organization.[109]

Ben Goertzel

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Ben Goertzel

Ben Goertzel is an American artificial intelligence researcher, and was the Chief Scientist at Hanson Robotics, the company that created the Sophia robot.

In 2001, Epstein gave Goertzel a $100,000 research grant and continued to give additional funds to him over the next ten years. Between 2010 and 2015, Epstein channeled at least $113,000 to Goertzel by moving the money from one of Epstein's non-profits to a company Goertzel owned.[110] This manuvear made Goertzel eligible to secure over $1 million in grants from the Hong Kong government.[111][112]

In 2011, Goertzel asked for $1.5 million over four years.[110] In 2015, Goertzel asked for another $25,000 and expressed his sympathies to Epstein for "utterly idiotic negative publicity in the news". Goertzel and Epstein continued to correspond at least through 2018.[110]

Tenzin Gyatso

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Tenzin Gyatso

Tenzin Gyatso is the incumbent Dalai Lama, the highest spiritual leader in the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. An email from 2012 reveals that Epstein met the 14th Dalai Lama at an event on an unspecified island.[113] His office denied that he had met Epstein.[114]


Jonathan Haidt

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Jonathan Haidt

Jonathan Haidt is an American social psychologist and author. Brockman encouraged Epstein to meet Haidt in 2011, and he was on the invitation lists for numerous events organized by Brockman and attended by Epstein.[68]

David Hanson

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David Hanson

David Hanson is the founder of Hanson Robotics, which created the Sophia robot.

Ben Goertzel, the Chief Scientist at Hanson Robotics, received significant funds from Epstein from 2001 until his death, but David Hanson also solicited money from Epstein to work on the Sophia robot: In an undated proposal, Hanson requested $3 million to build an "attractive female android" with a "gorgeous robot face and body". The proposal included a sketch of the "gynoid".[115]

Journalist Edward Jay Epstein (no relation to Jeffrey Epstein) reported being invited to Jeffrey's home in 2013 to discuss an article Edward wrote about Vladimir Nabokov and an artificial intelligence project named Sophia that Jeffrey's purported "robot team" in Hong Kong was working on.[101] Hanson Robotics denies that Epstein helped fund or create Sophia.[116]

Josh Harris

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Josh Harris

Josh Harris co-founded Apollo Global Management and Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment. The American billionaire had an ongoing correspondence with Epstein between 2013 and 2016. Emails also show that Harris met Epstein, Gates, and Ron Baron at Epstein's New York home in 2014. Harris denied having had a relationship with Epstein.[117]

Sam Harris

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Sam Harris

Sam Harris is an American public intellectual. Epstein told Harris to use "more charm and less argument" in debates.[67]

Stephen Hawking

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Stephen Hawking

Stephen Hawking was a British theoretical physicist and cosmologist. Hawking was mentioned in court documents released in 2024 during Ghislaine Maxwell's trial. The documents included an email Epstein sent in 2015, asking friends of Virginia Giuffre to disprove supposed allegations of Giuffre's that Hawking participated in an "underage orgy" in the U.S. Virgin Islands, where Epstein lived. Epstein said he "can issue a reward" to them if they can "prove her allegations are false". Neither Giuffre nor anyone else has ever publicly accused Hawking, who died in 2018, of sexual misconduct.[118][119][120] According to physicist Lisa Randall—who was found in 2026 to have corresponded with Epstein—in 2006, Hawking and Epstein were both present at a conference on gravity. Randall describes both her correspondence and Epstein's appearance at the conference as resulting from Epstein's public financing of scientific efforts.[121]

Reid Hoffman

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Reid Hoffman

Reid Hoffman is a billionaire businessman who co-founded LinkedIn. In an email to Tom Pritzker, Epstein described a dinner with Hoffman, Musk, Thiel and Zuckerberg as "wild".[60] Epstein's scheduling records showed he visited Epstein's island in November 2014; the documents also contained email exchanges from 2015 and 2017, as well as scheduling records showing multiple Skype calls between the two in 2013 and 2014.[122]

Jack Horner

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Jack Horner

Jack Horner is an American paleontologist who formerly worked for Montana State University. Jack Horner visited a property owned by Jeffrey Epstein in New Mexico in 2012 and exchanged several emails with him thereafter. These messages contain expressions of thanks for hospitality received and suggest a possible financial or logistical support for some of Horner's scientific projects. In particular, Epstein had expressed interest in funding Horner's "Dinochicken Project", a project aiming to reconstruct and revive a prehistoric dinosaur using the DNA of a chicken.[123][124]


Joi Ito

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Joi Ito

Joi Ito is a Japanese-American entrepreneur and former director of the MIT Media Lab. Ito received $1.7 million from Epstein, including $1.2 million for his own outside investment funds. Internal emails showed Ito and other Media Lab officials took measures to conceal the lab's relationship with Epstein; in one 2014 email, Ito asked development staff to record a $100,000 donation from Epstein as "anonymous". He twice traveled to Epstein's island in the Caribbean to seek donations. A separate October 2014 email showed Ito writing that a $2 million gift from Bill Gates had been "directed by Jeffrey Epstein"; a spokesman for Gates denied that Epstein directed any grant making for Gates and called the characterization "completely false".

Ito resigned from MIT in September 2019, as well as from the boards of the MacArthur Foundation, the Knight Foundation, and The New York Times Company, and he left a visiting professorship at Harvard.[125][55]


Michael Jackson

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Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer. An undated photograph released in December 2025 showed the singer posing with Epstein in front of a painting of a woman.[126][127] It was claimed that Jackson did not know who Epstein was and the image dated from 2003, when he was viewing houses in Palm Beach and Epstein's was on the market.[128][129][130]

Another photograph showed Jackson with Bill Clinton and Diana Ross, with the faces of three children redacted.[127] The latter image had been publicly available and was taken at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) fundraiser "A Night at the Apollo", where Jackson and Ross performed; the redacted children were their own children—Jackson's Prince and Paris Jackson, and Ross's son Evan Ross.[131] It is unclear why the photograph was in the files, and there is no suggestion that Jackson was aware of, or involved in, any of Epstein's crimes.[132][131]

Thorbjørn Jagland

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Thorbjørn Jagland

Thorbjørn Jagland is a Norwegian politician who served as prime minister from 1996 to 1997. In a 2014 email to Epstein, Jagland had planned a family trip to Little Saint James island. The trip was eventually cancelled because of the annexation of Crimea by Russia, which caused Jagland, who was secretary general of the Council of Europe at the time, to stay in Europe. Jagland was also the head of the Nobel Committee when he exchanged emails with Epstein.[133] Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre said Jagland had exercised "poor judgement".[134] Epstein told Jagland that he could advise Putin on how to talk with Trump.[52] After the Council of Europe lifted his diplomatic immunity, in February 2026 Jagland was charged with "gross corruption" over his links to Epstein by Norway's Økokrim prosecution service.[135]

Jay-Z

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Jay-Z

Jay-Z (Shawn Corey Carter) is an American rapper, businessman, and record executive. According to an FBI crisis intake form that was included in the January 2026 release of Epstein files, an anonymous victim alleged that, after being drugged and sexually abused, she woke up in a room with the rapper and Harvey Weinstein.[136]

John Paul II

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John Paul II

John Paul II, a previous Pope of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City, is pictured in at least one photograph alongside Epstein and Maxwell.[77]

John de Jongh Jr.

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John de Jongh Jr.

John de Jongh Jr. is an American businessman and former governor of the United States Virgin Islands (2007–2015). Emails in the files show that from 2008 to 2009 Epstein paid the tuition for John de Jongh's children. The tuition invoices covered multiple universities and excluded room and board. After his wife, Cecile de Jongh, thanked Epstein in June 2009, Epstein described the payments as "a treat" and said "Its [sic] as if i had my own kids in college." Epstein also paid college tuition for a student identified as "Thomas", who was identified as the son of Jeanne Brennan Wiebracht, John de Jongh's former campaign accountant.[137]

Nicole Junkermann

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Nicole Junkermann is a German entrepreneur and investor. Documents released as part of the files show that after his 2008 conviction Junkermann was in close friendship, and in repeated email correspondence with the financier and convicted sex offender over several years from the early 2010s.[138]

Mona Juul

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Mona Juul

Mona Juul is a Norwegian diplomat, former permanent representative to the United Nations, and wife of Terje Rød-Larsen (q.v.). Juul resigned her position as ambassador to Jordan and Iraq on February 9, 2026,[139] over her "serious failure of judgement" in her ties to Epstein.[140]

K-O

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Dean Kamen

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Dean Kamen

Dean Kamen is an American engineer, inventor, and businessman known for inventing the Segway and iBOT. Photographs within the Epstein files show Kamen socializing with Epstein in a tropical location as well as riding a Segway with Ghislaine Maxwell. Emails reveal that he visited Epstein's private island in 2013, and his assistants wrote emails discussing "which flight Dean prefers the girls to be on". He wrote to Epstein, "thank you for hosting an incredible visit to a magical place. It really is almost unbelievable."[141]

In February 2026, Kamen resigned from the board of Beta Technologies over his ties with Epstein.[142]

Brad S. Karp

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Brad S. Karp

Brad S. Karp is an American lawyer. Documents showed the chair of law firm Paul Weiss attended dinner gatherings at Epstein's Upper East Side residence. In a July 2015 email, Karp wrote to Epstein: "I can't thank you enough for including me in an evening I'll never forget. It was truly 'once in a lifetime' in every way, though I hope to be invited again."[143] When Epstein replied that "there are many many nights of unique talents. you will be invited often", Karp responded: "You're amazing."[144] In a separate July 2015 exchange, Epstein asked Karp about revoking a woman's visa; Karp responded, "Both good ideas; will work on this."

A July 2016 email showed Karp asking Epstein for help getting his son a job on a Woody Allen film production.[143]

In February 2019, Karp corresponded with Epstein about finding legal representation for Robert Kraft and former Citigroup president John Havens, both of whom had been ensnared in a Florida prostitution crackdown; charges against both men were later dropped. In April 2019, Epstein texted Steve Bannon about getting Karp admitted to the Augusta National Golf Club; there is no indication Karp was aware of this effort.[144] Paul Weiss stated that the firm represented Leon Black in fee disputes with Epstein and was "adverse to Epstein", adding that "at no point did Paul Weiss or Brad Karp ever represent him".[143]

In Februar 2026, Karp resigned as chair of his law firm, and stepped down from the board of trustees at Union College.[33]

Brett Kavanaugh

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Brett Kavanaugh

Brett Kavanaugh is an American lawyer and jurist serving as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Emails and text messages within the files reveal that Epstein sympathized with Kavanaugh during his nomination, in which Kavanaugh was accused of sexually assaulting Christine Blasey Ford during their time in high school.[145]

Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

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Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is an American politician currently serving as the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services. Emails and audio transcripts within the files reveal that Robert F. Kennedy Jr. had joined Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell on a fossil hunting expedition on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota. Taking fossils from this reservation without tribal permission is illegal.[146]

Jeff Koons

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Jeff Koons

Jeff Koons is an American sculptor. In 2013, the artist attended a dinner party at Epstein's Upper East Side home. Koons said "Beyond attending the dinner, I did not have a relationship with Epstein."[147]

Stephen Kosslyn

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Stephen Kosslyn

Stephen Kosslyn is an American psychologist and neuroscientist, former chair of the psychology department and dean of social sciences at Harvard University. Between 1998 and 2002, Epstein gave Kosslyn's psychology department $200,000 in donations.[84] In 2008, Kosslyn visited Epstein in jail.[148] Released emails show Epstein discussing the start of his jail sentence in Florida, and Kosslyn helping Epstein draft scripts for reporters, to restore Epstein's public image.[84] In 2010, Kosslyn provided a referral to Epstein, when asked for the name of a New York child psychologist for a 15-year-old girl.[148]

Bobby Kotick

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Bobby Kotick

Bobby Kotick is an American former CEO of Activision Blizzard and Activision. Epstein invited Kotick to events with "the girls", and asked Kotick in May 2013 about adding microtransactions to Activision's game series Call of Duty, a month after they had been added.[149][150]

Lawrence Krauss

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Lawrence Krauss

Lawrence Krauss is a Canadian-American theoretical physicist and cosmologist. In late 2017, when reporters at BuzzFeed News were preparing an article about sexual misconduct allegations against the physicist, Krauss reached out to Epstein for advice on how to respond. Epstein recommended that Krauss write a cover letter stating that the accusations were "false" and had been "either investigated and found lacking or ignored".[citation needed]

In 2018, Epstein forwarded Krauss a list of attendees for the Women in the World Summit; Krauss responded, "Let's do a men of the world conference", listing men accused of misconduct including Kevin Spacey, Bill Clinton, Al Franken, and Woody Allen. Krauss announced his retirement from Arizona State University in 2018. He stated that he had never hidden his association with Epstein and had "sought out advice from essentially everyone I knew" when he was accused, adding that none of his communications with Epstein "relate in any way to the horrendous crimes he was accused of in 2019".[36]


Miroslav Lajčák

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Miroslav Lajčák

Miroslav Lajčák is a Slovak politician, former Minister of Foreign and European Affairs, and former President of the United Nations General Assembly. In late 2025 and early 2026, the Epstein files revealed extensive email correspondence between Lajčák and Epstein occurring between 2017 and 2019. According to the records, Lajčák allegedly asked Epstein to introduce him to "young girls" and boasted that Epstein had not yet seen him "in action". The files reportedly show that Epstein responded by offering him "young girls and their sisters" and Lajčák explicitly requested invitations to participate in Epstein's private "games". Lajčák's name appears more than 300 times throughout the documentation.[151][152]

A publicized photograph confirmed their personal connection, showing the two men together at the Slovak diplomatic residence in Vienna during Lajčák's tenure as minister.[153] The released documents also state that Lajčák offered to present Slovak prime minister Robert Fico as a suitable political figure for the agendas of the American far-right and strategist Steve Bannon. Epstein wanted to establish with Bannon a network of far-right political groups in Europe and Lajčák said Fico could "play Steve's game".[154] Lajčák stepped down from his position as national security advisor after the release of his emails with Epstein.[55]

Guy Laliberté

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Guy Laliberté

Guy Laliberté is a Canadian billionaire. In 2018, the Cirque du Soleil founder tried to sell Epstein his two houses on the island of Ibiza in Spain. Epstein asked him for details about the price. He also discussed his One Drop Foundation with Epstein. Laliberté sent Epstein a virtual birthday card in 2014.[155]

Mark Landon

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Mark Landon is an OB-GYN specializing in high-risk pregnancies at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and a professor at Ohio State University College of Medicine. He received payments from Epstein and his associates in the early 2000s, when Epstein owned property in New Albany, Ohio, adjacent to Leslie Wexler's.[156]

After his name appeared in the released Epstein files, Landon stated he was a paid consultant for Epstein's money management firm, advising on potential biotech investments from 2001 to 2005.[157]

In a January 2006 email, Darren Indyke asked Epstein if they still were paying Landon, on the understanding that "Landon's agreement requires quarterly payments of $30k to be made to Landon on the 15th of January, April, July and October", Epstein responded: "75 per year."[158]

Caroline Lang

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Caroline Lang [fr] is a French film producer and the daughter of politician Jack Lang (q.v.).[159] The 2026 Epstein files release revealed that she was co-owner, with Epstein, of Prytanee LLC, a company based in the US Virgin Islands, which she had failed to declare to the tax authorities.[160] She was also named as a recipient of US$5m in Epstein's will, though she denied all knowledge of it.[161][159] After the documents were made public and prosecutors opened a financial investigation for tax fraud and money laundering into Lang and her father, she resigned from the Syndicat des producteurs indépendants [fr], a French industry association for independent film-makers.[162][159]

Jack Lang

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Jack Lang

Jack Lang is a French politician who has served as minister of culture, minister of education, and in the National Assembly. He intermittently corresponded with Epstein between 2012 and 2019. On February 6, 2026, he resigned as head of the Paris-based Arab World Institute after their contacts were revealed and prosecutors opened a financial investigation for tax fraud and money laundering into Lang and his daughter Caroline [fr] (q.v.). His name appears in the files more than 600 times.[159][162]

Ronald Lauder

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Ronald Lauder

Ronald Lauder is an American businessman. The billionaire's name appears in the Epstein files over 900 times.[163] In 2014, Epstein set up a limited liability company for Lauder to share ownership with Leon Black of a $25 million artwork by Kurt Schwitters.[164]

Sergey Lavrov

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Sergey Lavrov

Sergey Lavrov is the Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs. Epstein told Lavrov that he could give insight on Donald Trump to Vladimir Putin.[52]

Shelley Anne Lewis

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Shelley Anne Lewis reportedly is the daughter of the founder of the Cash Generator pawnbroking chain. She was working for Christie's auction house in New York when she met Epstein. They had a relationship from 1999–2002 and remained in contact until at least 2018. Her relationship with Epstein overlapped with the time Giuffre alleged she was coerced into having sex with Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, and so in 2018 Maxwell and Epstein discussed asking her to serve as a witness for them.[165][166]

Howard Lutnick

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Howard Lutnick

Howard Lutnick is an American businessman and United States Secretary of Commerce. Email correspondence showed that the Commerce Secretary coordinated a visit to Epstein's Caribbean compound in December 2012, though he had previously said he severed ties with Epstein around 2005.[40][61] Lutnick previously said that in 2005 he and his wife were invited to Epstein's house, which was next door to theirs, for coffee, and that he did not associate with Epstein after that visit.[167]

A longtime Epstein aide reached out to Lutnick in November 2012 to arrange a meeting while Lutnick was in St. Thomas; Lutnick, accompanied by his wife Allison and their four children, agreed to a lunch on December 23 on Epstein's private island. Emails showed Lutnick and his wife coordinating logistics, including where to dock their yacht at Little St. James. The day after the scheduled meeting, an Epstein aide passed along a message reading, "Nice to see you."[40] A schedule also showed the two had drinks together on another occasion in 2011, and in 2017 they exchanged emails about the construction of a building across the street from both of their homes.[42] When asked about the emails, Lutnick told The New York Times "I spent zero time with him" and hung up. A Commerce Department spokesman said Lutnick had "limited interactions" with Epstein "in the presence of his wife" and has never been accused of wrongdoing.[40][168]


Peter Mandelson

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Peter Mandelson, Baron Mandelson

Peter Mandelson is a British former politician, life peer and diplomat. Between 2003 and 2004, according to bank statements released by the DOJ, three separate $25,000 payments referencing Mandelson were sent from Epstein's JP Morgan account. Mandelson stated he had no record or recollection of receiving the sums and did not know whether the documents were authentic.[169] In 2009, documents show Epstein sent £10,000 (~ $15578) to Mandelson's husband, Reinaldo Avila da Silva; emails suggested the funds were intended for an osteopathy course. In another set of emails, Mandelson asked to stay at one of Epstein's properties while Epstein was serving his 2008–2009 jail term; the terms of the sentence allowed him to work from his office during the day and return to jail each night.[104]

On June 13, 2009, Mandelson allegedly leaked to Epstein a high-level Downing Street document that proposed £20bn of asset sales and revealed Labour's tax policy plans. The memo was written on that day by Nick Butler, who was a special adviser to then British prime minister Gordon Brown from 2009 to 2010.[170] A December 2009 email from Mandelson appeared to suggest that JPMorgan Chase boss Jamie Dimon should "mildly threaten" Chancellor of the Exchequer Alistair Darling over a bankers' bonus tax through references to the role of US banks as buyers of UK gilts,[171] as well as investment plans in London.[172]

Mandelson stands accused of lobbying the US government in March 2010 to water down proposed restrictions on US bank trading activities, on behalf of Epstein and Jes Staley.[173][174] On March 31, 2010, Mandelson allegedly forwarded confidential minutes of a meeting between Alistair Darling and director of the National Economic Council Larry Summers five minutes after he received them, which discussed new banking regulation and taxation, and how the US should engage with France and Germany. The following day, Mandelson met Larry Summers and forwarded the minutes of his meeting two minutes after he received them.[175]

On May 9, 2010, Mandelson gave Epstein advance notice of a €500bn bailout from the EU to save the euro.[170][171] The next day, Mandelson emailed Epstein saying "finally got him to go today", with Gordon Brown resigning a day later.[176][177] In another email on May 10, 2010, Mandelson appeared to reveal to Epstein the existence of a secret underground tunnel between 10 Downing Street and the Ministry of Defence.[177] The document release also included a redacted image of Mandelson in his underwear standing next to an unidentified woman; Mandelson said he could not place the location, the woman, or the circumstances.

In September 2025, Mandelson was dismissed as the UK's ambassador to the United States. In response to the document release, Mandelson stated he had been "wrong" to continue his association with Epstein but said he was "never culpable or complicit" in Epstein's crimes, and apologised "unequivocally to the women and girls who suffered".[104][169] In February 2026, Mandelson was forced to resign from the Labour Party and the House of Lords, and the Metropolitan Police in London began a criminal investigation.[55]

Nadia Marcinko

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Nadia Marcinko is a Slovak-born model and pilot. In September 2019, a CNN article stated that Marcinko may be a "victim" of Epstein as well as an "accomplice".[178] Dean Kamen emailed Epstein that he was looking forward to following up with "Nadia". Marcinkova asked Epstein if he was interested in buying a generator Kamen was producing.[179]

Ashley Massaro

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Ashley Massaro

Ashley Massaro was an American professional wrestler and model. In January 2026, Massaro was named in the Epstein files as a possible employee of Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein's convicted main accomplice. In a redacted complaint, the anonymous claimant wrote: "She mentioned horrible things happening in the island ... including [sic] dead body of a girl that 'had mask and was tied to a tree'. She said that 'the one from London was very mean and also the one from Miami.' Also that the man in the mention was making her [sic] fucking black guys and he liked to watch it, she was young – high school student ... she also said that her friend Ashley Massaro (who died in 2019 – the WWE) got pregnant in high school. They both worked for Maxwell and Mechella from Miami Florida."[180]

Ghislaine Maxwell

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Ghislaine Maxwell

Ghislaine Maxwell is a British former socialite, convicted child sex trafficker, and daughter of Robert Maxwell. She was a prominent former business partner of Epstein. In 2021, she was found guilty of child sex trafficking and other offences in connection with Epstein. The Epstein files contain accounts of her crimes by victims as well as details about court testimonies from accusers and civil claims against her.[181]

Robert Maxwell

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Robert Maxwell

Robert Maxwell was a Czechoslovak-born British-French media proprietor and politician. Epstein wrote an email speculating about the circumstances surrounding Maxwell's 1991 death, alleging that Maxwell was a spy working for Mossad and was killed because he attempted to blackmail the agency for £400 million, threatening to reveal his spy activity if not paid.[182]

Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway

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Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway

Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway, is married to Crown Prince Haakon, the heir apparent to the Norwegian throne. Mette-Marit was mentioned over a thousand times in the Epstein files, with communications spanning 2011 to 2014.[183][184][185][134] Documents showed she spent four days at Epstein's house in Palm Beach in January 2013; one message implied she was aware of his 2008 jail term. In one email from her account, Epstein was asked whether a mother should suggest naked women carrying a surfboard for her son's wallpaper. In response to the release, she stated: "I showed poor judgement and regret having any contact with Epstein at all. It is simply embarrassing." She expressed "deep sympathy and solidarity with the victims of the abuses committed by Jeffrey Epstein". Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre said he agreed with Mette-Marit's admission of poor judgement.[134]

Marvin Minsky

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Marvin Minsky

Marvin Minsky was an American cognitive and computer scientist. In an unsealed deposition from May 2016, Virginia Giuffre stated that she had been directed to have sex with Minsky during a visit to Epstein's compound in the US Virgin Islands.[186] Minsky's widow, Gloria Rudisch, denied this, claiming they were always together during their visits to the island.[187] Minsky also organized two academic symposia on artificial intelligence at Epstein's compound: one in 2002, and another one in 2011.[186]

George J. Mitchell

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George J. Mitchell

George J. Mitchell is an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer. A 2003 handwritten letter in Epstein's "birthday book" showed the former U.S. Senate majority leader describing his friendship with Epstein as "a blessing."[188] Documents released in January 2026 showed a continued relationship between Mitchell and Epstein following Epstein's 2008 conviction, including emails and scheduled appointments; a November 2013 email listed "10:30am Appt w/Senator George Mitchell".[189] The files also contained references to an allegation by Virginia Giuffre, first made in a May 2016 deposition, that Ghislaine Maxwell had directed her to have sex with Mitchell.[190][189]

A spokesperson for Mitchell stated that he never met, spoke to, or had any contact with Giuffre or any underage girls, and that the allegation was based on mistaken identity. Following the document release, the US–Ireland Alliance announced it would remove Mitchell's name from the George J. Mitchell Scholarship Program.[189]

Mohammed bin Salman

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Mohammed bin Salman

Mohammed bin Salman is the Crown Prince and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia. In a 2016 email Epstein wrote that Mohammed had gifted him a tent, "carpets and all", following a trip to Saudi Arabia. Epstein also kept a framed photograph of himself and Mohammed in his New York townhouse.[191]

Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor

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Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor

Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor is a member of the British royal family and former Duke of York. In a 2010 email exchange, Epstein offered to introduce then-Prince Andrew to a 26-year-old Russian woman, to which he replied he would be "delighted" to meet her.[192] The same exchange showed the former royal inviting Epstein to have dinner at Buckingham Palace and to "come with whomever"; it is unclear whether such a visit occurred.[167] Epstein and Mountbatten-Windsor were pictured walking together in New York's Central Park three months later; Mountbatten-Windsor had previously claimed he travelled to the United States to end his friendship with Epstein in person in light of his conviction.[104] The former royal was also photographed with a woman lying on the ground in three undated photos.[167] The BBC noted the emails did not indicate any wrongdoing.[106]

Epstein victim Virginia Giuffre accused the former royal of sexual abuse; he denied the allegations and settled Giuffre's lawsuit in 2022 for an undisclosed amount.[167] A photo showing Giuffre, Andrew, and Ghislaine Maxwell, which had been disputed by Andrew and Maxwell, appears to have been referenced in a 2015 email sent by "G Maxwell" to Epstein, reading: "In 2001 I was in London when [redacted] met a number of friends of mine including Prince Andrew. A photograph was taken as I imagine she wanted to show it to friends and family."[193] Emails also appear to show that between 2010 and 2011, Andrew may have knowingly shared confidential information with Epstein about his official work as UK trade envoy.[194]

In 2025, he was stripped of his titles and evicted from his royal residence.[55] On 19 February 2026, Andrew was arrested by Thames Valley Police on suspicion of misconduct in public office.[195] He was later released from custody, without being charged nor exonerated, and remains under investigation.[196]

Robert Mugabe

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Robert Mugabe

Robert Mugabe was the leader of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2017. In a 2015 email exchange, Japanese financer Joi Ito suggested Epstein meet Mugabe to talk about providing a new currency due to the Zimbabwean dollar's collapse due to hyperinflation.[197]

An FBI report dated November 2017 said Epstein had provided Mugabe (and Vladimir Putin) with personal wealth management services.[198] According to the BBC, Mugabe "may have had financial ties with Jeffrey Epstein".[197]

Elon Musk

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Elon Musk

Elon Musk is a South African-born American businessman known for his leadership of Tesla, SpaceX, Twitter, and xAI. Emails from 2012 to 2014 showed Epstein making repeated overtures to meet Musk, with the latter citing schedule conflicts and logistical complications; the communications did not reflect any actual in-person meetings between the two.[40] One email exchange from mid-December 2013 to early 2014 showed Epstein and Musk coordinating a possible holiday visit to Epstein's compound in the U.S. Virgin Islands.[167]

In late 2012, Musk asked Epstein about his then-wife Talulah Riley and him attending "the wildest party" on his island and wrote in December that he wanted to "hit the party scene in St Barts or elsewhere and let loose"; when Epstein replied that "the ratio on my island might make Talulah uncomfortable", Musk responded that "ratio is not a problem for Talulah". Musk also suggested in February 2013 that Epstein meet him at the SpaceX rocket factory near Long Beach, California.[40] In another 2013 email exchange, Epstein congratulated Musk and later asked if he had tried the wakefulness medication Nuvigil.[167] In an email to Tom Pritzker, Epstein described a dinner with Musk as "wild".[60]

Musk has publicly stated he "refused" all invitations to Epstein's island;[168] in a 2019 comment to Vanity Fair, Musk said that he had once briefly visited Epstein's home but had declined repeated invitations to Epstein's island.[167]

Kimbal Musk

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Kimbal Musk

Kimbal Musk is a South African-born American businessman and the brother of Elon Musk. He is referenced more than 140 times in emails exchanged between Jeffrey Epstein, his associates, and Elon.[199] Kimbal first began socializing with Epstein in 2012. He would later be invited to Epstein's private island in 2013, although there are no records that Kimbal visited the island.[200] Emails revealed that Epstein engineered an intimate relationship between Kimbal and a young woman in his inner circle with the help of Boris Nikolic; Kimbal thanked them for connecting with the woman, saying "I believe you both played a role"; they dated for six months in 2012 and 2013.[201] Sources told Business Insider that Epstein set up Kimbal with the woman in an attempt to build a connection with the Musk family.[202] Following criticism from artists and attendees of Burning Man over Kimbal's ties to Epstein, Kimbal resigned from his board role with the Burning Man Project, a position he had held since 2021.[203]

Nathan Myhrvold

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Nathan Myhrvold

Nathan Myhrvold is an American inventor, scientist, and businessman, who was formerly chief technology officer at Microsoft. Epstein and Myhrvold frequently emailed eachother and regularly met, both in Seattle and New York City, from at least 2010 to 2018. Myhrvold invited Epstein to visit his investment company Intellectual Ventures in 2014; an email shows Myhrvold urging Epstein to bring a named female acquaintance. Other emails indicate that Myhrvold visited Epstein's compound in the US Virgin Islands in 2011. Furthermore, Myhrvold contributed what was described as "several sexually explicit wildlife photos" to Epstein's 50th birthday book in 2003.[204]


Mira Nair

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Mira Nair

Mira Nair is an Indian-American filmmaker. In 2009, Nair, along with Bill Clinton and Jeff Bezos, attended an afterparty at the home of Ghislaine Maxwell following a screening of her film Amelia.[205] When the email about this was uncovered, AI-generated photos were shared by an "AI-powered meme engine" on X. The faked photos were made to look like Nair attended events with her son, New York City mayor Zohran Mamdani, as a baby, along with Epstein and others.[206] Some people reportedly protested Mamdani outside Gracie Mansion where he lives as mayor.[207]

Annabelle Neilson

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Annabelle Neilson

Annabelle Neilson was a British model and socialite. Neilson was identified as having emailed Epstein numerous times between 2010 and 2012, Neilson agreed to "put together a group of girls" for Epstein and noted that some were "unfortunately past their sell-by date".[208][209]

Elisa New

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Elisa New is an American academic and former professor at Harvard University. In 2015, New wrote to Epstein to thank him for a donation he had arranged, and being "such a wonderful supporter." A 2020 Harvard review found that one of Epstein's foundations claimed on tax forms in 2016 that it had donated $110,000 to a nonprofit organization of which New was president.

In November 2025, New issued a statement apologizing for maintaining contact with Epstein.[36] In December 2025, Arizona State University cut ties with New, and PBS dropped her show, "Poetry in America".[55]

Boris Nikolic

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Boris Nikolic is a Croatian doctor, biotech investor, and former adviser to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Epstein named him the backup executor of his estate; Nikolic said he did not consent.[210][211] In January 2010, Nikolic told Epstein that he met Nicolas Sarkozy, and two persons he described as Epstein's friends: Bill Clinton, Prince Andrew; Nikolic mentioned having flirted a 22-year-old woman but, after noticing she was with her husband, concluded that "anything good is rented".[13] In October 2011, Epstein enjoined Nikolic to meet Christopher Poole.[212]

Martin Nowak

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Martin Nowak

Martin Nowak is an Austrian-born professor of mathematics and biology at Harvard University. In 2003, Epstein donated $6.5 million to establish Harvard's Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, which Nowak led. Epstein visited Harvard approximately 40 times after his release from jail in 2009, according to a university review. In 2017, Epstein introduced Nowak to his publicist, Masha Drokova, to arrange an interview; Drokova later emailed Epstein to say that she "had a great conversation with Martin" and that "he loves you". After publishing a report on its financial ties to Epstein in 2020, Harvard placed Nowak under sanctions for two years and shuttered the Program for Evolutionary Dynamics; he remains a professor of mathematics and of biology at Harvard. Nowak did not immediately respond to a request for comment.[36] According to The Times, Nowak emailed Ghislaine Maxwell to thank her for her "amazing hospitality", with a little apology about a near miss: "i am so very sorry i caused you so much worry and that i spoilt this day. i am so happy that i did not kill anybody. my perspective of life has changed somehow... lots of love martin."[213]


Hans Ulrich Obrist

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Hans Ulrich Obrist

Hans Ulrich Obrist is a Swiss art curator. He, Epstein, and Taryn Simon were invited by Brockman to an event in Palo Alto, California. Obrist had also invited Rem Koolhaas, but Koolhaas couldn't attend as he was working for Putin at the time.[214]

Mehmet Oz

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Mehmet Oz

Mehmet Oz, also known as Dr. Oz, is an American television presenter, physician, and administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. A transaction report from 2004 showed Epstein paid $1,592 for the travel expenses of Oz. Epstein was invited to a 2014 event at which Oz was a guest speaker, but wrote in an email that he was unavailable to attend. The files also contained a 2016 email from Oz to Epstein, though its contents were redacted.[215]

P-T

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Andrés Pastrana Arango

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Andrés Pastrana Arango

Andrés Pastrana Arango was President of Colombia from 1998 to 2002. According to flight logs from Epstein's private jet, Pastrana was present on a flight from Carabobo, Venezuela, to Nassau, the Bahamas, in 2003. Upon the release of the logs in 2019, Pastrana admitted to having flown with Epstein to the Bahamas for a stop-over, claiming their final destination was Havana, Cuba, at the invitation of Fidel Castro.[216] A photograph showed Pastrana and Ghislaine Maxwell wearing Colombian Aerospace Force uniforms.[217]

Jean Pigozzi

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Jean Pigozzi is a French-born Italian art collector and philanthropist who inherited his fortune from his father Henri. Pigozzi and Epstein had a substantial correspondance.[218] In a 2013 exchange, Pigozzi told Epstein: "I like the red head. Seem fun and smart" and "I like her / No tits. Small problem." Pigozzi said he did not remember any discussion of a "red head"" with Epstein and he regreted meeting him.[219]

Steven Pinker

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Steven Pinker

Steven Pinker is a Canadian-American Harvard University professor of psychology and a public intellectual involved in the American culture wars.[220] He has intersected with Epstein through Brockman, Dershowitz, Kosslyn, Krauss, and Nowak.[221] He also helped Epstein with his legal defense.[222] Video footage from the December 2025 files release has shown four seconds of Pinker riding with Epstein on his Lolita Express.[223]

John Phelan

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John Phelan

John Phelan is an American businessman and the United States Secretary of the Navy. His name is present in a flight manifest from Jeffrey Epstein's private airplane in 2006. Also on the flight manifest was Jean-Luc Brunel and six names redacted in the October 2025 release.[224]

Stacey Plaskett

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Stacey Plaskett

Stacey Plaskett is the U.S. Virgin Islands representative. Timestamps and contents of text messages revealed an exchange between Epstein and Plaskett during a February 2019 House Oversight Committee hearing in which Michael Cohen testified against Trump. Epstein noted that Cohen had mentioned Trump's executive assistant Rhona Graff; Plaskett asked Cohen about Graff during her questioning. Plaskett tried to normalize the exchange and emphasized her record against sexual crimes.[44]

Christopher Poole

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Christopher Poole

Christopher Poole (a.k.a. "moot") is an American Internet entrepreneur and founder of 4chan. In October 2011, Epstein met Poole. Epstein later wrote to the person who introduced that he liked him, and found him "very bright".[212]

In February 2026, in response to speculation that Epstein might have influenced the creation of pol in October 2011, Poole said: "Epstein had nothing to do with the reintroduction of a politics board to 4chan, nor anything else related to the site. […] I met with him one time for an unmemorable lunch meeting. […] I regret having ever encountered him at all, and have deep sympathy for all of his victims."[225]

Soon-Yi Previn

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Soon-Yi Previn

Soon-Yi Previn is the wife of Woody Allen. She maintained email correspondence with Epstein. She repeatedly said that the MeToo movement had "gone too far"; she also described a 15-year-old victim of Anthony Weiner as "despicable and disgusting", and she blamed the victim.[226] Emails showed that Epstein helped Allen and Previn's daughter get into Bard College by connecting her to the school's president, a longtime acquaintance.[24]

Penny Pritzker

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Penny Pritzker

Penny Pritzker is a billionaire businesswoman and former United States Secretary of Commerce. She was mentioned in a May 2013 email exchange between Epstein and Tom Pritzker, her cousin, writing: "I clearly did something wrong in my last life to have to deal w this bulls---. AND I warned her"; Epstein responded "nice to see you" and "please come more often", and Pritzker replied "Always fun."[44]

Thomas Pritzker

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Thomas Pritzker is an American billionaire businessman. Pritzker originally downplayed his contact with Epstein, but the release of the Epstein files revealed continuous plans and exchanges, including one email in which he helps Karyna Shuliak arrange a trip to Southeast Asia to "find a new girlfriend for Epstein."[227] In February 2026, Pritzker stepped down from his position as executive chairman of Hyatt Hotels, and would concentrate on a science foundation he began.[228] In December 2000, Epstein, Maxwell, Pritzker, and others, including an unnamed 'female', landed at Royal Air Force station, RAF Marham, reportedly for a two-day shooting party at Sandringham.[229]

Hardeep Singh Puri

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Hardeep Singh Puri

Hardeep Singh Puri is an Indian politician and, since 2021, the Union Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas. An email from Puri to Epstein in November 2014 detailed reasons for engaging with India following Prime Minister Narendra Modi's election. Puri did not deny sending the email to Epstein and admitted that he "met him only on a few occasions, 3 or at max 4 times to be precise, as part of a delegation. Our interactions had nothing to do (with the crimes he is accused of)".[230][231]

Pusha T

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Pusha T

Pusha T (Terrence LeVarr Thornton) is an American rapper. He is mentioned in an FBI crisis intake form that was released with other Epstein files in January 2026, showing that an anonymous victim alleged that Pusha T had been one of her "handlers" during the years she had experienced being drugged and sexually abused.[136]

Vladimir Putin

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Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Putin is the President of Russia. Epstein offered to get a friend a visa with Putin's help. Epstein scheduled an appointment to meet Putin in 2011 and 2014.[52] Epstein attempted to secure an audience with Putin for years in the 2010s to discuss proposals about foreign investment. Notably, he leveraged his contact with Thorbjørn Jagland, the former prime minister of Norway, to facilitate the arrangement of said meeting. Epstein also communicated with Ehud Barak about his hopes to meet Putin. It is unclear whether the meeting ever happened. The president's name appears more than a thousand times in the January Epstein files release, but many references are only tangential, such as in media bulletins sent to Epstein's email.[48] The Kremlin dismissed Western claims that Epstein was a Russian intelligence asset.[232]

Joshua Cooper Ramo

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Joshua Cooper Ramo

Joshua Cooper Ramo is an American foreign policy consultant and co-chief executive of Kissinger Associates. Scheduling documents showed the then co-CEO of Henry Kissinger's corporate consulting firm had more than a dozen meetings with Epstein from 2013 to 2017, many in the evenings at Epstein's Manhattan townhouse. Ramo was invited to a breakfast at the townhouse in September 2013 with former Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak. At the time, Ramo served on the boards of Starbucks and FedEx.[59]

Lisa Randall

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Lisa Randall

Lisa Randall is an American theoretical physicist and professor at Harvard University. Released documents indicate that Randall had several in-person meetings with Epstein, including a visit to his island in the Carribbean in November 2014, along with a group of other guests. The two also exchanged hundreds of messages, with Randall at one point jokingly asking Epstein if he hadn't "had enough house arrest", referring to his 2008 conviction. Randall claimed she was introduced to Epstein by her then-literary agent John Brockman (q.v.) in 2004; when Randall was considering leaving Harvard in 2009, Brockman emailed a number of people, including Epstein, seeking advice.[233]

Brett Ratner

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Brett Ratner

Brett Ratner is an American film director and producer. Ratner appeared in undated photographs with Epstein and Jean-Luc Brunel, a late French modeling agent and longtime associate of Epstein.[234] Additional images released in January 2026 showed Ratner seated on a sofa beside Epstein and two women whose identities were obscured; a series of thumbnails showed Ratner, Epstein, and Brunel with different women. There was no indication of wrongdoing in the files.[235]

Talulah Riley

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Terje Rød-Larsen

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Terje Rød-Larsen

Terje Rød-Larsen is a Norwegian former diplomat, politician, and sociologist. The Epstein files indicated that each of Terje Rød-Larsen's children were to be given $5 million in Epstein's will. In a statement, Rød-Larsen's wife Mona Juul (q.v.) said that the family had not been aware of the contents of the will before the document release, and declined to comment further.[236] Within the files, Rød-Larsen described Epstein as "my best friend" and "a thoroughly good human being".[237] Larsen had introduced Epstein to Jean Todt (q.v.).[65]

David A. Ross

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David A. Ross is an art museum curator. His relationship with Epstein has been traced back as far as 1990s, when Ross was a director at the Whitney Museum of Art.[238]

When Epstein was released from jail in 2009, Ross sent him an email celebrating his release from an "undeserved punishment foisted upon you by jealous creeps".[238] A few months later, Epstein offered to fund an exhibition titled Statutory, which he described as "girls and boys ages 14 - 25.. where they look nothing like their true ages. Juvenile mug shots. , photo shop, make up. some people go to prison because they can't tell true age. controversial . fun".[93] Ross responded: "You are incredible!" [239]

In 2015, Ross emailed Epstein saying he was "still proud" to call him a friend despite the ongoing revelations. After the release of the files, Ross stated that befriending wealthy patrons like Epstein was part of his job.[93] Ross left his chair at the School of Visual Arts.[240]

Ariane de Rothschild

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Ariane de Rothschild

Ariane de Rothschild is a French banker and the CEO of Edmond de Rothschild Group.

Scheduling documents showed de Rothschild had more than a dozen meetings with Epstein from 2013 to 2019. She bought nearly $1 million worth of auction items on Epstein's behalf in 2014 and 2015, and in October 2015 negotiated a $25 million contract for Epstein's Southern Trust Co. to provide risk analysis services for the bank. In 2019, following Epstein's arrest, the bank initially stated that de Rothschild had never met Epstein and the bank had no business links with him; the bank later acknowledged to The Wall Street Journal that this statement was not accurate. The bank stated that de Rothschild had no knowledge of any legal proceedings against Epstein and "was similarly unaware of any questions regarding his personal conduct".[59]

Lynn Forester de Rothschild

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Lynn Forester de Rothschild is the chair of E.L. Rothschild. Epstein said that he had given Lady de Rothschild financial help in the 1990s during her divorce from her second husband Andrew Stein, but a spokesperson for Rothschild said that this claim was "one hundred percent false".[241] Epstein's lawyer, Alan Dershowitz, claimed he was introduced to Epstein by Lady de Rothschild, who referred to him as an "interesting autodidact" who he would enjoy getting to know.[242] According to Ghislaine Maxwell, Lady de Rothschild introduced Prince Andrew to Epstein.[243] Peter Mandelson was introduced to Epstein at Lady de Rothschild's house on Martha's Vineyard.[244]

Marc Rowan

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Marc Rowan

Marc Rowan is an American billionaire businessman. Emails showed the Apollo Global Management CEO corresponded with Epstein over the firm's tax arrangements throughout the 2010s, despite Apollo having stated in 2020 that it "never did any business" with Epstein. In March 2016, Rowan forwarded Epstein a detailed internal calculation regarding Apollo's tax receivable agreement. Documents showed Epstein was involved in discussions about a possible tax "inversion" deal that would have redomiciled Apollo overseas; in one 2016 exchange, Epstein wrote that "using rothschild for the inversion allows interesting structures", and Rowan responded in agreement. An email from Epstein described a meeting that appeared to be with Rowan: "Mark [sic] was here this morning; we talked Athene, Montauk, Rothschild. Planes boats etc." In 2015, Apollo partner Sanjay Patel emailed Epstein stating that "Marc Rowan asked me to catch up with you regarding the Rothschild conversations." Documents also showed Rowan and another Apollo executive met executives from Edmond de Rothschild Group at Epstein's Manhattan townhouse in early 2016. Apollo confirmed to the Financial Times that it shared company financial information with Epstein but said this was only for Leon Black's personal financial planning; the firm stated that "Mr Rowan had neither a business nor any other relationship with Mr Epstein" and that "Apollo never did any business with Mr Epstein."[245]

David Rowland

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David Rowland is a British property developer and banker. Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor described Rowland in emails with Epstein as his "trusted money man" and promoted Rowland's ventures to Epstein. The documents released also show that Rowland's bank made loans to Sarah Ferguson, who faced debt problems.[246]

Kevin Rudd

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Kevin Rudd

Kevin Rudd was prime minister of Australia from 2007 to 2010 and in 2013, and is ambassador of Australia to the United States since 2023. Documents released in 2026 show a meeting with Rudd in Epstein's daily schedule for 8 June 2014; Rudd's office stated they had no records of any such meeting taking place. An email also shows Epstein agreeing to a question from an assistant whether Rudd could bring his wife and son to a dinner hosted by him in September 2015. Rudd's office stated that he was invited to the dinner by the International Peace Institute (IPI), a think tank which he chaired at the time, but ultimately did not attend. In 2020 Rudd acknowledged distant ties to Epstein through donations made by the latter to the IPI, but said he was "blindsided" when he learned of the matter. Rudd has denied any meetings or correspondence with Epstein.[247]

Kathryn Ruemmler

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Kathryn Ruemmler

Kathryn Ruemmler is an American lawyer, former White House Counsel under Barack Obama, and currently general counsel of Goldman Sachs. Ruemmler was a white-collar defense attorney at Latham & Watkins in 2014 when Epstein's defense attorney Reid Weingarten connected the two. From that time until his death, documents show Epstein sent numerous gifts to Ruemmler. The gifts included flowers, wine, an Hermès bag, $10,000 in Bergdorf Goodman gift cards, spa treatments, an Apple Watch, and "1 million amex points". The two corresponded frequently.[167][248][249]

In 2015, she told Epstein's assistant, "I adore him." That year, Epstein asked her about the legalities of prostitution and consent with "girls"; she replied that minors "could not legally consent to engaging in prostitution".[250] A March 2018 email from Epstein's office invited Ruemmler to a get-together with Epstein, Miroslav Lajčák, and Steve Bannon.[192] When Epstein was arrested in July 2019, she was one of the three people he called.[249] In 2020, Ruemmler joined Goldman Sachs and now states that her relationship with Epstein was professional and that she regularly interacted with criminals as part of her job, adding: "I regret ever knowing him, and I have enormous sympathy for the victims of Epstein's crimes."[167] She later submitted a resignation letter to Goldman Sachs, effective four months in the future.[33]

David Schoen

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David Schoen

David Schoen is an American attorney who served as one of Donald Trump's impeachment defense lawyers. In 2011, Schoen wrote to Epstein: "These past couple of years you have to deal with horrible government agencies and folks who appear to be nothing less than extortionists posing as victims and that has to have been terrible." They continued to correspond until shortly before Epstein's death.[84]

Al Seckel

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Al Seckel

Al Seckel was an American writer and skeptic married to Ghislaine Maxwell's sister, Isabel Maxwell. In 2010, Seckel discussed reputation management with Epstein. Seckel charged Epstein tens of thousands of US dollars for search engine optimization, including downranking stories about his conviction, removing "toxic suggested search engine terms", and making edits to Epstein's Wikipedia article to add content about Epstein's philanthropic work, to remove mentions of Epstein's crimes and his mug shot from the lead section, and to get users who added unwanted material banned.[251][252][253][254] In 2010, Seckel emailed scientists he was acquainted with to link to websites Epstein that promoted his philanthropy in order to improve their SEO score and bump negative coverage from the search engine's first page.[255] In July 2015, Seckel's body was reportedly found at the bottom of a cliff near his home in southern France. As of December 2021, his death remained unconfirmed by French authorities.[256][257][258][259]

Andres Serrano

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Andres Serrano

Andres Serrano is an American photographer and artist. Serrano photographed Epstein shortly before Epstein's death in 2019. In 2016, Serrano emailed Epstein that he was considering a "sympathy vote" for Trump because of outrage about the Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape.[260]

Karyna Shuliak

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Karyna Shuliak is a Belarus-born dentist and was Epstein's girlfriend. The files revealed that Epstein gave her a 32.73-carat diamond ring and planned to give her all of his homes and $100 million in the event of his death.[261]

In February 2012, Shuliak was denied admission to Columbia University's dental school. In August 2012, Epstein donated $100,000 to the dental school and was in contact with school administrators about admitting her.[262]

Peggy Siegal

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Peggy Siegal is an American entertainment publicist. She had corresponded with Epstein in 2009 during a trip to Kenya. In the email correspondence, she had offered to "bring a little baby back for you....or two". She also stated that she planned to pose for photographs in "mud huts" and pretend that she had "crashed the winter White House" and posed "with Obama's relatives".[182]

Princess Sofia, Duchess of Värmland

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Princess Sofia, Duchess of Värmland

Princess Sofia, Duchess of Värmland, is a member of the Swedish royal family and former model. Princess Sofia met Epstein on a few occasions in 2005, prior to her marriage, while she was living in New York City.[263] An email from 2005 showed that Epstein invited her to his Caribbean estate, which the Swedish Royal Court claims she declined.[263] A 2010 photograph of the princess was sent to Epstein by her mentor, financier Barbro Ehnbom. Epstein invited Sofia to a private Broadway screening in New York in 2012.[264]

Kevin Spacey

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Kevin Spacey

Kevin Spacey is an American actor. Undated photographs showed him standing with Epstein.[126] Other images showed Spacey visiting the Churchill War Rooms with Bill Clinton and Ghislaine Maxwell during a 2002 visit to the UK as part of a Clinton Foundation humanitarian trip.[127] Spacey told journalist Piers Morgan in 2024 that he traveled on Epstein's plane for the foundation trip but that "he never spent time with him".[126] He has not been accused of wrongdoing in relation to Epstein.[127]

Jes Staley

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Jes Staley

Jes Staley is an American banker and the former group chief executive of Barclays.

Released documents show that Staley was one of three trustees of Epstein's estate until 2015, which is counter to what Staley testified in court. The other two trustees were Darren Indyke and his friend David Mitchell (property investor).[265]

In 2021, Staley stepped down from his position at Barclays due to his relationship with Epstein.[266] When he tried to overturn the lifetime ban he received from the Financial Conduct Authority over this relationship, he was forced to testify about his emails to Epstein that referenced "Snow White"[267] and marital affairs he had with Epstein's staff in an apartment owned by Epstein's brother, Mark Epstein.[268]

In December 2025, it was revealed that Staley and Lawrence Summers had been appointed by Epstein as executors of his estate.[269]

Ken Starr

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Ken Starr

Ken Starr was an American lawyer, federal judge, and Baylor University president. In 2008, Starr was "instrumental" in securing a plea deal for Epstein.[270]

In 2012, Starr hosted Epstein at the Baylor campus where Starr was president.[271]

In released emails from 2016, Starr and Epstein are affectionate, with Starr signing off with "hugs" or "love", and Epstein commenting that he missed talking with Starr. In 2016, they discussed Baylor University sexual assault scandal that ultimately resulted in Starr's termination as Baylor president.[270] In 2017, Epstein asked Starr for advice on how Lawrence Krauss should handle the sexual misconduct allegations levied against him.[93]

David Stern

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In 2010, while UK trade envoy, Prince Andrew apparently passed on an email conversation about the Royal Bank of Scotland and Aston Martin to German businessman David Stern, who allegedly passed it on to Epstein.[272]

Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem

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Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem

Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem is an Emirati businessman to whom Epstein wrote in 2009: "I loved the torture video".[273] The Department of Justice originally redacted his name from the email, but Representative Thomas Massie made it public.[10] In 2014, Bin Sulayem had Epstein ask Peter Mandelson to join the board of one of his companies.[274] In February 2017, he introduced Ambani to Epstein.[25] Other exchanges between the two show Bin Sulayem facilitating the transfer of Epstein's masseuse to a spa in Turkey, Bin Sulayem sending Epstein a link to pornography, and Epstein advising Bin Sulayem on whether to attend Trump's first inauguration.[275]

Bin Sulayem was replaced as chair and CEO of DP World.[33]

Larry Summers

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Lawrence H. Summers

Lawrence H. Summers is an American economist, former United States secretary of the treasury, and former president of Harvard University. Emails showed the former Treasury Secretary and Harvard president discussed with Epstein his romantic pursuit of a woman; in one exchange, Epstein referred to himself as a "good wing man". Communications between the two continued until days before Epstein's arrest in July 2019.[44][36] Summers stepped back from teaching while Harvard reviews his links to Epstein.[36] He resigned from the board of OpenAI and positions at the Center for American Progress and The Budget Lab at Yale, and the New York Times did not renew his contract as a contributing writer.[55][276]


David Tang

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David Tang

David Tang was a Hong Kong businessman and founder of the Shanghai Tang fashion brand. The files revealed he worked with Epstein and Maxwell on a start-up called ICorrect. Tang previously defended the former Prince Andrew for being friends with Epstein.[277]

Corina Tarnita

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Corina Tarnita

Corina Tarnita is a biology professor at Princeton University. She met Epstein while a graduate student at Harvard, and remained in contact between 2008 and 2012, including discussion of his 2008 conviction. In 2009, she helped Epstein anonymously wire transfers of $10,000 to a "girl from Romania" and $5,000 to a person in California.[278]

Peter Thiel

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Peter Thiel

Peter Thiel is an American entrepreneur and co-founder of PayPal, Palantir Technologies, and Founders Fund. Documents showed that an investment firm co-founded by the venture capitalist accepted $40 million from Epstein and that the two corresponded for at least five years before Epstein's death. In 2018, Epstein urged Thiel to "Visit me Caribbean." A spokesman for Thiel declined to comment on the relationship but said Thiel "never went to Epstein's island".[54] Epstein called Thiel "a great friend" and offered fiscal advice.[279] In an email to Tom Pritzker, Epstein described a dinner with Thiel, Zuckerberg, Musk, and Hoffman as "wild".[60]

Amanda Thirsk

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Amanda Thirsk is a British business executive. She was Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor's private secretary and arranged meetings between Epstein and Mountbatten-Windsor.[280]

Jess Ting

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Ting is a plastic surgeon since 2016. Hundreds of emails detailed visits to Epstein's homes and island, coordination for medical care to "a few female associates", and funding outreach for Mount Sinai.[281][282]

Steve Tisch

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Steve Tisch

Steve Tisch is an American film producer and businessman. Emails from 2013 show the New York Giants co-owner and Epstein discussing women, with Epstein describing their physical features.[168] In a statement, Tisch said: "We had a brief association where we exchanged emails about adult women, and in addition, we discussed movies, philanthropy and investments. I did not take him up on any of his invitations and never went to his island. As we all know now, he was a terrible person and someone I deeply regret associating with."[167]

The NFL stated they would weigh whether Tisch's emails violated its personal conduct policies.[33]

Jean Todt

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Jean Todt

Jean Todt is a French motor racing executive, former president of the FIA, and United Nations Special Envoy. Todt visited Epstein's home in 2017. They had been introduced by Terje Rød-Larsen (q.v.), who wrote to Epstein: "Think it could be useful for you to meet Jean Todt. Sent you his contact info. Call him and invite him for coffee." After the meeting, Epstein emailed Eduardo Teodorani, the chairman of the Italian Chamber of Commerce and Industry for the UK, saying that Todt was an "odd guy".[65]

Mark Tramo

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Mark Tramo is an adjunct professor at the UCLA department of neurology. He corresponded with Epstein regularly until Epstein's death.

In October 2007 as Epstein was pleading guilty to charges of soliciting prostitition from a minor, Tramo sent a message pledging to stand by Epstein.[283]

In 2010, he forwarded student emails to Epstein, who asked if any of the students were cute; Tramo replied, "We'll see! (you're terrible!)"[284] That same year, he agreed to Al Seckel's request to add a link to websites whitewashing Epstein, saying, "What splendid ideas!" He also thanked Epstein for the sometimes anonymous help he provided for his work.[255]

In 2017, one of Epstein's charities gave $100,000 to a research institution Tramo founded and directs.[284]

After his involvement with Epstein resurfaced, Tramo's profile has been removed from UCLA's website.[285] Tramo stated, "I had no idea he was a pervert!"[284]

Robert Trivers

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Robert Trivers is an American evolutionary biologist and social biologist. Trivers told Reuters in 2015 that Epstein had given him about $40,000 for his research. In December 2018, Trivers emailed Epstein about funding, writing that Epstein had once said he would "never not support me". In 2015, Trivers defended Epstein to Reuters, stating that girls "mature sooner than they used to" and that he did not "see these acts as so heinous". Trivers did not respond to requests for comment.[36]

Donald Trump

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Donald Trump

Donald Trump is the 45th and 47th president of the United States. The New York Times identified more than 5,300 files containing over 38,000 references to Trump, his wife, Mar-a-Lago, and related terms in the January 2026 release; many were news articles or publicly available materials, and none included direct communication between Trump and Epstein. Trump was among half a dozen prominent men about whom the FBI's files included what an official described as "salacious information", according to internal correspondence; the agency compiled tips about Trump into a summary that was released but contained no corroborating information. A 2011 email from the DOJ's files indicates that Epstein planned to call Trump regarding Virginia Giuffre; Trump has claimed he parted ways earlier.[286]

Handwritten notes from a September 2019 victim interview described being transported to Mar-a-Lago to meet Trump, with Epstein allegedly saying "This is a good one, huh?"; the notes did not suggest misconduct by Trump. In an exchange with Jagland, Epstein said that Churkin explained Trump's behavior: "he must be seen to get something".[86]

On February 1, 2026, Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche said on CNN that the Justice Department had looked into sexual misconduct allegations against Trump in connection with Epstein but "did not find credible information to merit further investigation".[287] In its press release, the DOJ stated that some documents contained "untrue and sensationalist claims against President Trump" that were "unfounded and false".[1][106] As of February 1, 2026, the list of tips regarding Trump was no longer available on the DOJ's publicly accessible database.[288]

Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump

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Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump

Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump are American businessmen and the sons of Donald Trump. In an email a month after the 2016 elections, Epstein told Boris Nikolic he was in Palm Beach with Eric and Donald Jr. on Christmas Day.[289]

Melania Trump

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Melania Trump

Melania Trump is a Slovenian-born American model and First Lady of the United States. In a 2002 email, Melania Trump wrote to an individual identified as "G" to congratulate her on a New York magazine profile of Epstein. Though the recipient's email address was redacted, Epstein's then-girlfriend Ghislaine Maxwell was photographed in the article. Melania Trump did not immediately respond to a request for comment.[167]

Paul Tweed

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Paul Tweed is an Irish international lawyer that worked with Epstein on how to have a media strategy in the United Kingdom.[290]

U-Z

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Brian Vickers

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Brian Vickers

Brian Vickers is an American former professional stock car racer. Documents showed correspondence between the former NASCAR driver and Epstein dating back to at least 2012. Vickers's ex-wife Sarah Kellen has been named as a co-conspirator in Epstein's sex trafficking operation; Kellen has said she is a victim of Epstein, though in 2007 she was accused by authorities in Palm Beach, Florida, of helping recruit young women to provide sex for Epstein. In March 2012, Vickers forwarded Epstein an email with sexually explicit content. In 2013, emails showed Epstein working behind the scenes on NASCAR sponsorships for Vickers after news of Kellen's involvement with Epstein began to surface; Epstein wrote that he had contacted Michael Waltrip Racing co-owners Michael Waltrip and Rob Kauffman to address concerns that sponsor Aaron's might not follow through on a deal. According to Epstein's email, Waltrip and Kauffman did not intend to bring the matter to Aaron's attention; Aaron's went on to sponsor Vickers for the 2014 season. In February 2019, Vickers sent Epstein an email with the subject line "Thought you would like this" and a video attachment.[291]


Karim Wade

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Karim Wade

Karim Wade is a Senegalese politician and the son of Senegal's former president Abdoulaye Wade. After meeting Wade in 2010, Epstein described him as "one of the most important players in Africa" to Jes Staley, and expressed delight at being able to "have fun" with him.[292] Wade was charged with corruption in Senegal and imprisoned in 2013, and was sentenced to six years imprisonment in 2015; emails indicate that Epstein assisted Wade with legal and lobbying fees in relation to the corruption case. After Wade's release in 2016, Epstein described him as "the most charismatic and rational of all the [A]fricans" in an email to Larry Summers.[293]

Michael Waltrip

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Michael Waltrip

Michael Waltrip is an American former professional stock car racer, racing commentator, and racing team owner. 2013 emails between Brian Vickers and Epstein showed Waltrip, then owner of Michael Waltrip Racing, was made aware of currently undisclosed allegations made against Vickers that would potentially hamper their sponsorship efforts going forward from anchor partner Aaron's. This happened discussing sponsorships with co-owner Rob Kauffman, and the pair would state "They are good with it on a personal level, but said they have to keep the best interest of the team in mind."[294]

Casey Wasserman

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Casey Wasserman

Casey Wasserman is an American entertainment executive and sports agent. Wasserman exchanged personal emails with Maxwell in March and April 2003; in one message, Maxwell offered Wasserman a massage that could "drive a man wild".[136][295] Other documents showed Wasserman and his then-wife flew on Epstein's jet in September 2002 with Maxwell, Epstein, Bill Clinton, Kevin Spacey, and others as part of a humanitarian trip by the Clinton Foundation. Wasserman published a regretful statement,[295] and announced he was selling his talent agency after clients left.[33]

James Watson

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James Watson

James Watson was an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist. Photographs show Watson accompanied by three young women, whose faces have been redacted, at Epstein's Manhattan townhouse. Epstein exchanged dozens of emails regarding Watson with the latter's associates, including discussions of breakfast and dinner arrangements between the two. In some cases, Epstein asked associates to prepare questions on genetics for Watson before meetings.[296]

Harvey Weinstein

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Harvey Weinstein

Harvey Weinstein is an American former film producer and sex offender. Weinstein is mentioned in an FBI crisis intake form that was released with other Epstein files in January 2026.[136] An anonymous victim alleged that, after being drugged and sexually abused, she woke up in a room with Weinstein and Jay-Z.[136]

Les Wexner

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Les Wexner

Les Wexner is an American billionaire businessman. In emails from Epstein's account obtained by Distributed Denial of Secrets, Wexner messaged Epstein prior to Epstein's guilty plea in 2008 writing, "All I can say is I feel sorry. You violated your own number 1 rule ... Always be careful." Wexner claimed to have severed ties with Epstein in 2007. These emails were not released by the DOJ.[297][298] In an unsent draft letter that was released by the DOJ, Epstein wrote to Wexner, "You and I had 'gang stuff' for over 15 years" and then refers to secrets the two of them kept from Wexner's wife.[299] Weeks after Epstein's death, JPMorgan Chase filed a suspicious activity report for transactions conducted by Wexner as well as Glenn Dubin, Leon Black, and Alan Dershowitz, totalling about $1 billion. These reports were unsealed by a federal judge.[53]

Nathan Wolfe

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Nathan Wolfe

Nathan Wolfe is a former professor of virology at Stanford University. He corresponded with Epstein between 2008 and 2013. His name appears almost 600 times in the released files, and include emails about "female Viagra", invitations to dinners with "hottie interns", and research into female sex drive and sexual behavior.

Three years after Epstein pled guilty to felony minor prostitution charges, Wolfe urged him "never to let the bastards get you down."[300]

Michael Wolff

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Michael Wolff

Michael Wolff is an American media consultant and journalist. Documents showed extended correspondence between the journalist and Epstein; Wolff has previously said Epstein was a source for his 2018 book Fire and Fury. In December 2015, Wolff told Epstein that CNN planned to ask Trump about his relationship with Epstein; when Epstein asked about crafting an answer, Wolff responded, "I think you should let him hang himself." In October 2016, after the Access Hollywood tape surfaced, Wolff wrote to Epstein that there was an "opportunity to come forward this week and talk about Trump in such a way that could garner you great sympathy and help finish him". Wolff described the emails as "embarrassing" but defended his approach as "playacting" to obtain information about Trump.[44]


Mark Zuckerberg

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Mark Zuckerberg

Mark Zuckerberg is an American billionaire businessman and co-founder of Meta. In an email to Tom Pritzker, Epstein described a 2015 dinner with Zuckerberg, Musk, Thiel and Hoffman as "wild".[60] In a May 2012 email, Epstein called Zuckerberg "gay".[301]

Jacob Zuma

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Jacob Zuma

Jacob Zuma is a South African politician and anti-apartheid activist who served as the President of South Africa from 2009 to 2018.[302]

An email dated 4 March 2010 showed someone working on behalf of Epstein (who is said to have been Epstein's associate Mark Lloyd)[303] to arrange a dinner at the Ritz Hotel in London. The email suggested that a "beautiful Russian model" (whose name was redacted) attended the dinner. In a separate email sent by Epstein that day, Epstein informed British politician Lord Peter Mandelson about the dinner.[304]

On March 6, 2010, Epstein sent an email to an unknown person and received a reply on the next day from that unknown person who said the Russian model "was a delight last night and enchanted all those she met." The unknown person also said that Zuma "was much more impressive and engaging than I thought he would be!"[304]

The Jacob Zuma Foundation issued a statement which condemned the reporting on the files mentioning Zuma as an "unethical attempt to tarnish Zuma's reputation by proximity to the unrelated crimes of a third party."[303]


St. Cedd's College is a fictional college, created by Douglas Adams, of Cambridge University.

It appears in the Doctor Who serial Shada, and in the novel Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency.

Monkey

It is the home of Professor Chronotis, a retired time traveller who appears in Adams' fiction, and—in the fictional universe—was also the college of Isaac Newton (who actually attended Trinity) and Samuel Taylor Coleridge (who actually attended Jesus). It was named after Saint Cedd, brother of Saint Chad, whom Gently describes as "one of the duller Northumbrian saints."

It is based somewhat on Adams's own college, St John's. For Shada, scenes at St. Cedd's were filmed on location at Emmanuel College.

St Cedd’s College ... owes a little to my memories of St John’s College, Cambridge, although I’ve also borrowed indiscriminately from other colleges as well. The point is that St Cedd’s College is a completely fictitious assemblage, and no correspondence is intended between any institutions or characters in this book and any real institutions or people, living, dead, or wandering the night in ghostly torment.[305]

St. Cedd's College is also mentioned in the Torchwood online game, made during the show's second series. It is said to be the college attended by Dr. John Winters, a fictional character within the game.[306]

Dhata.[307] Thirty-three gods.[308] To 33 Vedic deities,[309][310]

List of Hindu deities and Hindu deities

External videos
James Randi on Astrology
YouTube logo
YouTube video
video icon James Randi on Astrology

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine renewed controversy relating to the laptop's emails arose after Russia circulated propaganda citing "secret American bioweapons labs" as one of their motives for invasion. They later doubled-down on this claim after the discovery (on March 24th) of email conversations from 2014 on the laptop, which Russia depicted as linking Joe and Hunter Biden to the supposed "bioweapon labs" (claiming the latter had been involved in securing funds to operate these facilities on the former's behest).[317] While these Russian claims were easily and quickly debunked, the newly discovered emails and the media's initial response to their discovery instead brought renewed public attention to Hunter's suspect business practices in Ukraine during Joe Biden's Vice Presidency, causing significant partisan debate in the United States.[317][318][319][320]


Family Photobook

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Great (9.13125 x 1011) Grandma Proto-mitochondrion


Great (9.13125 x 1011) Grandpa Adam LECA


Thomas


Delana


Dianna Dearmas Colonial


Uncle Gregory Graham Spongebob


Aunt Jackie Charnia


Sir John Melvin Edicara


Lady Jeannette Blazier Pikaia


Dame Beverly Haikouichthys


Auntie Anita Agnatha


Old Uncle Mark No-Jaws (and his fishing buddy Billy Big-Nose)


John Gnathostome


Bobby Lobe-Fin


Stephanie Lung


Troy Tiktalik


Patricia T.P. Acanthostega


Mr. Harvey Westlothiana


Heather Breen Amniote


Michelle Anapsid


Rudy Synapsid


Uncle Dr. Dorian Dimetrodon


Ryan Jenkins Cynodont


Mrs. Melissa Miller Mammal


Emily Eomaia


Sir Calvin Waldron Euarchonta


Robert Pelfrey Purgatorius


Lori Long Lemur


Jenny Baby


Audra Tarsier

Note 1
edit

Mr. Mitchell Mango Monkey


Max Aegyptopithicus


Abe Gibson


Jeremy the Great


Grandpa Angelo Coulombe


Thomas Johnson


Genaro Collins Aferensis


Uncle Bob "Handy Man" Mercado


Denise Ramayo


Thag O'Connor


Great Great Great Great Grandma Emma


Great Great Great Great Grandpa Charles


Great Uncle John Phin


References

edit
  1. 1 2 "Department of Justice Publishes 3.5 Million Responsive Pages in Compliance with the Epstein Files Transparency Act". United States Department of Justice. January 30, 2026. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  2. ↑ Duggal, Hanna; Ali, Marium (February 10, 2026). "Struggling to navigate the Epstein files? Here is a visual guide". Al Jazeera. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  3. ↑ "A timeline of the Jeffrey Epstein investigation, now 20 years old". AP News. July 23, 2025. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  4. 1 2 "Epstein files released by House panel". CNN. September 2, 2025. Retrieved February 20, 2026. House Oversight Committee"Justice Department releases more Epstein files". AP News. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  5. ↑ Tasker, John Paul (December 20, 2025). "The 1st tranche of Epstein files has been released. Here's what we've learned". CBC News. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  6. ↑ Lamb, David Michael. "Most of the Epstein documents still haven't been released. What's going on?". CBC News. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  7. ↑ Anguiano, Dani (September 3, 2025). "US House committee releases more than 33,000 pages of Jeffrey Epstein files". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 21, 2026.
  8. ↑ Jacob Shamsian; Katherine Li (September 26, 2025). "Newly released Epstein documents include mention of Elon Musk, Bill Gates, Peter Thiel, and Steve Bannon". Business Insider. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  9. ↑ Robertson, Jeremy Herb, MJ Lee, Nicky (February 5, 2026). "Justice Department under scrutiny for revealing victim info and concealing possible enablers in Epstein files". CNN. Retrieved February 20, 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. 1 2 Gedeon, Joseph (February 13, 2026). "Who are the six men named in the unredacted Epstein files?". The Guardian. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  11. ↑ "New Epstein Files Name Elon Musk, Bill Gates and Other Powerful Men". The New York Times. January 31, 2026. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 31, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  12. 1 2 Wilson, Jason (February 3, 2026). "'The smart, the rich, the powerful': Epstein associated with Silicon Valley elite years after his release from prison". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 21, 2026.
  13. 1 2 Bedayn, Jesse (November 14, 2025). "Emails reveal Epstein's network of the rich and powerful despite sex offender status". PBS News. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  14. ↑ McKelvie, Geraldine (December 20, 2025). "Epstein files: which royals, politicians, musicians and actors are in the photos?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  15. ↑ Drenon, Brandon (February 3, 2026). "Who is in the Epstein files?". BBC News. Retrieved February 4, 2026.
  16. ↑ Vazquez, Maegan; Westfall, Sammy (February 17, 2026). "The Epstein files have brought a wave of resignations and investigations". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on February 19, 2026. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  17. ↑ del Valle, Lauren; Morales, Mark; Moghe, Sonia; Levenson, Eric (June 28, 2022). "Ghislaine Maxwell sentenced to 20 years in prison for sex trafficking minor girls for Jeffrey Epstein". CNN. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  18. ↑ "Jean-Luc Brunel: Epstein associate found dead in Paris prison cell". BBC. February 19, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  19. ↑ Vartdal, Ragnhild (February 12, 2026). "Jagland er sikta for grov korrupsjon" [Jagland is charged with gross corruption]. NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  20. ↑ Sharman, Laura; Stockwell, Billy; Frater, James (February 13, 2026). "Former Norway leader charged with corruption after probe into alleged Epstein ties, lawyers say". CNN.
  21. ↑ Atkins, Chloe (June 12, 2023). "JPMorgan Chase reaches $290 million settlement with Jeffrey Epstein victims". NBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.
  22. ↑ Shabad, Rebecca; Nobles, Ryan (December 12, 2025). "House Democrats release more photos from Jeffrey Epstein's estate". NBC News. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  23. ↑ Nadolny, Tricia L.; Fernandes, Deirdre (December 10, 2025). "Larry Summers' wife — a powerful Harvard professor — tapped Jeffrey Epstein and Woody Allen to boost her poetry project". Boston Globe. Retrieved February 10, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  24. 1 2 3 Patel, Vimal; Tracy, Marc (February 4, 2026). "Epstein Helped Woody Allen's Daughter Get Into College, Emails Show". The New York Times. Retrieved February 5, 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  25. 1 2 3 Mitra, Devirupa (February 1, 2026). "Epstein Messages Reveal Anil Ambani Using Sex Offender's Access to Pitch Modi's Agenda With Trump". The Wire (India). Retrieved February 2, 2026.
  26. ↑ Massa, Annie (February 6, 2026). "Epstein Offered 'Tall Swedish Blonde' to Tycoon Anil Ambani". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved February 11, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  27. ↑ Hill, James (September 9, 2020). "US Virgin Islands wants Jeffrey Epstein-related documents from NY hedge fund billionaire". ABC News. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  28. ↑ Singh, Satyam (February 5, 2026). "Epstein's ex invited him home when daughter was 15: She'll have 5 friends over". India Today. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  29. ↑ Casey, Monica (February 2, 2026). "New documents show relationship between Jeffrey Epstein and Duke University professor". WRAL News. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  30. ↑ Shaffer, Josh (February 2, 2026). "Duke professor named hundreds of times in newly released Epstein files". The News & Observer. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  31. ↑ Downer, Adam (January 31, 2026). "CBS News Star Hire Busted Sucking Up to 'Outrageous' Epstein". The Daily Beast. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  32. ↑ Gentleman, Amelia (February 7, 2026). "Sex and snacks, but no seat at the table: the role of women in Epstein's sordid men's club". The Guardian. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Shamsian, Jacob (February 14, 2026). "Epstein files: A list of people facing consequences over the DOJ's release". Business Insider. Retrieved February 15, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  34. ↑ Barr, Jeremy (February 14, 2026). "Peter Attia appears to be staying at CBS News despite Epstein communications". The Guardian. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  35. ↑ "Aznar aparece en los papeles de Epstein como destinatario de dos paquetes del pederasta" [Aznar appears in the Epstein papers as receiving two packages from the pedophile]. RTVE (in Spanish). January 30, 2026. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Arsenault, Mark; Hippensteel, Chris; Hakim, Danny (November 21, 2025). "The Professors Who Stayed Close With Epstein". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  37. 1 2 Hakim, Danny (February 8, 2026). "Epstein Files Reveal Scope of Ghislaine Maxwell's Role in Clinton Circle". The New York Times. Retrieved February 17, 2026.
  38. ↑ Grim, Ryan; Hussain, Murtaza (December 19, 2025). "Epstein and the Clintons: As Hillary Launched Presidential Campaign, Epstein Feared Exposure". Drop Site News. Retrieved February 17, 2026.
  39. ↑ Ryan, Alexa (January 19, 2026). "UF presidential search committee member appears in files related to Jeffrey Epstein". The Independent Florida Alligator. Retrieved February 17, 2026.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cheney, Kyle (January 30, 2026). "New documents reveal the breadth of Jeffrey Epstein's orbit". Politico. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  41. ↑ Hyde, Marina (February 6, 2026). "So the Epstein scandal is about politics? Silly me for thinking it's about the mass abuse of women and girls". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 9, 2026.
  42. 1 2 Whitehurst, Lindsay (January 30, 2026). "Huge cache of Epstein documents includes emails financier exchanged with wealthy and powerful". ABC News. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  43. ↑ Mulla, Ibrahim (February 2, 2026). "Epstein and Steve Bannon discuss Tommy Robinson in newly released files". Middle East Eye. Retrieved February 7, 2026.
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Vazquez, Maegan (November 14, 2025). "Jeffrey Epstein's vast web of powerful friends". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  45. ↑ MacDonald, Alex (February 2, 2026). "Epstein advised former Israeli PM Ehud Barak to 'look at' Palantir". Middle East Eye. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
  46. ↑ Petti, Matthew (August 27, 2025). "Inside Jeffrey Epstein's spy industry connections". Reason.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  47. ↑ Hale, Erin; Power, John (December 9, 2025). "Israel's ex-PM Ehud Barak and Epstein had close relationship, emails reveal". Al Jazeera. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
  48. 1 2 Reynolds, James C. (February 2, 2026). "Epstein files reveal paedophile financier's desperate attempts to court Vladimir Putin". The Independent. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
  49. ↑ Grim, Ryan; Hussain, Murtaza (February 18, 2026). "The Israeli Government Installed and Maintained Security System at Epstein Apartment". Drop Site News. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  50. ↑ "Israel installed security at Epstein's Manhattan apartment for ex-PM Barak". Al Jazeera. February 19, 2026. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  51. 1 2 3 Ruetenik, Daniel (February 14, 2026). "Trump insider Tom Barrack kept in regular contact with Jeffrey Epstein for years, files show". CBS News. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  52. 1 2 3 4 Goldstein, Matthew; Enrich, David; Silver-Greenberg, Jessica; Eder, Steve (October 30, 2025). "JPMorgan Alerted U.S. to Epstein Transfers Involving Wall St. Figures". The New York Times. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  53. 1 2 3 Confessore, Nicholas (January 31, 2026). "They Said They Weren't Close to Epstein. New Documents Show Otherwise". The New York Times. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Yourish, Karen; Gamio, Lazaro (February 19, 2026). "Tracking the Fallout From the Epstein Files". The New York Times. Retrieved February 19, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  55. ↑ O'Leary, Naomi (February 12, 2026). "'Is your French girl in town?': Epstein files reveal correspondence with David Blaine". The Irish Times. Retrieved February 17, 2026.
  56. ↑ Crafton, Adam (January 31, 2026). "Jeffrey Epstein arranged two meetings with Todd Boehly after disgraced financier's first jail term". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  57. 1 2 3 Safdar, Khadeeja (May 17, 2023). "Jeffrey Epstein Moved $270,000 for Noam Chomsky and Paid $150,000 to Leon Botstein". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  58. 1 2 3 4 Safdar, Khadeeja; Benoit, David (April 30, 2023). "Epstein's Private Calendar Reveals Prominent Names, Including CIA Chief, Goldman's Top Lawyer". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  59. 1 2 3 4 5 Kadvany, Elena (February 3, 2026). "Here's where Jeffrey Epstein dined out — or tried to — in the Bay Area". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved February 19, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  60. 1 2 3 Ahn, Ashley (January 30, 2026). "Here's What to Know About the Millions of Pages of Epstein Documents". Retrieved February 12, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  61. 1 2 "Powerful Men Who Turn Up in the New Batch of Epstein Files". The New York Times. January 31, 2026. Retrieved February 12, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  62. 1 2 3 Bø, Emma; Jordheim, Hans M.; Myrvang Ro, Hans Jørgen (February 5, 2026). "Brendes meldinger med Epstein: «Missing you Sir»" [Brende's messages with Epstein: «Missing you Sir»]. E24 (in Norwegian). Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  63. ↑ Schjønberg, Snorre; Kvatningen, Roy; Hjardar, Hanna Kristin (January 31, 2026). "Dokumenter: Brende og Epstein diskuterte Davos, kvinne og overgrepssaken" [Documents: Brende and Epstein discussed Davos, women, and the abuse case]. TV 2 (in Norwegian). Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  64. 1 2 3 Austin, Daniel (February 4, 2026). "The F1, football and NFL figures with Epstein links after conviction". BBC. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  65. ↑ Aldhous, Peter (September 26, 2019). "How Jeffrey Epstein Bought His Way Into An Exclusive Intellectual Boys Club". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  66. 1 2 Lopatto, Elizabeth (February 6, 2026). "How the men in the Epstein files defeated #MeToo". The Verge. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  67. 1 2 Castigan, Mady (February 6, 2026). "Epstein Backed 'Billionaires' Dinner' Network of Prominent Anti-Trans Figures". Trans News Network. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  68. ↑ Barr, Jeremy (December 18, 2025). "New York Times columnist David Brooks appears in latest Epstein photos". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 5, 2026.
  69. ↑ Bekiempis, Victoria (February 2, 2026). "New Epstein files reveal he may have trafficked girls to others despite official denials". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 12, 2026.
  70. ↑ Gupta, Alisha Haridasani; McKinley, Jesse (February 15, 2026). "Epstein Files Hint at His Ties to the Supermodel Naomi Campbell". The New York Times. Retrieved February 15, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  71. ↑ Barber, Olivia (February 3, 2026). "Reform UK treasurer Nick Candy has emails in the Epstein files". Left Foot Forward. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  72. ↑ Mulla, Imran (February 3, 2026). "Reform UK's treasurer dined with Epstein associate, contacted Ghislaine Maxwell". Middle East Eye. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  73. ↑ Elliards, Xander (February 4, 2026). "Reform UK treasurer Nick Candy named in dozens of Epstein files". The National (Scotland). Retrieved February 14, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  74. ↑ Rees, Daniel (February 10, 2026). "Farage unfazed by Reform UK treasurer being named in Epstein files". Clacton Gazette. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  75. ↑ Santiago, Fabiola (August 16, 2019). "A match made in hell: Epstein, Fidel Castro, and the Lolita Express that flew to Cuba". Miami Herald. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  76. 1 2 Galvin, Shane (September 4, 2025). "Jeffrey Epstein showed off photos with Fidel Castro and Pope John Paul II, nude women at Palm Beach lair: resurfaced videos". Sky News Australia. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  77. ↑ "Affaire Esptein: Frédéric Chaslin, un chef d'orchestre français cité dans les dossiers, dénonce des « insinuations »" [Epstein case: Frédéric Chaslin, a French conductor mentioned in the files, denounces «insinuations»]. Le Monde (in French). February 2, 2026. Retrieved February 12, 2026.
  78. ↑ Brown, Jeffrey Arlo; Welscher, Hartmut; Krafeld, Merle (February 11, 2026). ""All you had to do was go on Google"". VAN Magazine. Retrieved February 13, 2026.
  79. ↑ Vergano, Dan (November 13, 2025). "Jeffrey Epstein E-mails Reveal Depth of Ties to High-Profile Scientists". Scientific American. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  80. ↑ Landers, Liz (December 18, 2025). "'Lolita,' passports and more famous figures pictured in latest Epstein photo release". PBS News. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  81. 1 2 3 Vargas, Ramon Antonio (November 22, 2025). "Chomsky had deeper ties with Epstein than previously known, documents reveal". The Guardian. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  82. ↑ Fowler, Stephen (November 20, 2025). "The latest Epstein emails reveal the powerful people who sought his counsel". NPR. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  83. 1 2 3 4 Safdar, Khadeeja; Mehta, Neil (February 5, 2026). "'Ignore It.' How the Elite Consoled Jeffrey Epstein Over His Crimes". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  84. ↑ Strickler, Laura (July 12, 2019). "Harvard science professors kept meeting with donor Jeffrey Epstein despite his sex offender status". NBC. Retrieved February 5, 2026.
  85. 1 2 Culpepper, Isabelle; Khurshudyan, Isabelle; Ullah, Zahra (February 8, 2026). "Epstein tried to cozy up to Russian officials, including Putin, documents show". CNN. Retrieved February 13, 2026.
  86. 1 2 Herb, Jeremy; Steck, Em; Grayer, Annie (February 1, 2026). "With contempt vote looming, here's what Epstein documents say about the Clintons". CNN. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  87. ↑ Isenstadt, Alex; Caputo, Marc (January 30, 2026). "Scoop: Epstein files include "hung like a horse" message to Clinton email". Axios (website). Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  88. 1 2 3 Kirchgaessner, Stephanie; Osborne, Lucy (May 17, 2024). "'Magic David called': David Copperfield repeatedly contacted Jeffrey Epstein". The Guardian. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  89. 1 2 Robinson, Kim (December 24, 2025). "David Copperfield again named in new Jeffrey Epstein docs". USA Today. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  90. ↑ Marin, Max; Briggs, Ryan (February 1, 2026). "New documents show Jeffrey Epstein tried to buy Bill Cosby's home and closely followed the entertainer's sexual assault case". Inquirer.com. Retrieved February 7, 2026.
  91. ↑ Shanti Das; Sophie Wilkinson (February 12, 2026). "Richard Dawkins dined with Epstein despite knowing of conviction". The Times. Retrieved February 13, 2026.
  92. 1 2 3 4 Whitford, Emma (November 19, 2025). "5 Higher Ed Names in the Epstein Files". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
  93. ↑ Rosciglione, Annabella (February 3, 2026). "Epstein's Lawyer Made Bonkers Excuse When Cornered on Role". The Daily Beast. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
  94. ↑ "Бывшая спикер движения «Наши» Мария Дрокова работала PR-агентом финансиста и осужденного педофила Джеффри Эпштейна" [Former Nashi movement spokesperson Maria Drokova worked as a PR agent for financier and convicted pedophile Jeffrey Epstein.]. IStories (in Russian). November 14, 2025. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  95. ↑ Bernardini, Matt (October 20, 2025). "Inside Epstein's Russian Tech Web: How Oligarch Cash and Three Women Connected Moscow to Silicon Valley". Byline Times. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
  96. ↑ McCafferty, Molly C.; Turney, Jania J. (August 18, 2019). "Harvard Kennedy School Donor Glenn Dubin Implicated in Epstein's Alleged Sex Ring, Unsealed Filings Allege". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  97. ↑ Chaffin, Joshua; Miller, Joe (January 3, 2024). "Unsealed documents shed light on Jeffrey Epstein's lurid world". Financial Times. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  98. ↑ Hussain, Murtaza; Grim, Ryan (September 28, 2025). "Jeffrey Epstein Helped Broker Israeli Security Agreement With Mongolia". Drop Site News. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  99. ↑ "Edward Jay Epstein, writer who debunked conspiracy theories and exposed real conspiracies – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. February 14, 2024. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  100. 1 2 3 Epstein, Edward Jay (September 14, 2019). "My Tea with Jeffrey Epstein". Air Mail (magazine). Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  101. ↑ Enrich, David; Eder, Steve; Silver-Greenberg, Jessica; Goldstein, Matthew (December 16, 2025). "Scams, Schemes, Ruthless Cons: The Untold Story of How Jeffrey Epstein Got Rich". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  102. ↑ Gray, Sarah (January 4, 2024). "Frédéric Fékkai, hairstylist to the stars, mentioned in new Epstein documents". Business Insider. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  103. 1 2 3 4 McKelvie, Geraldine (January 31, 2026). "What have we learned from the newly released Epstein files?". The Guardian. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  104. ↑ Martin, Rachel (February 3, 2026). "Melinda French Gates reacts to new details about Bill Gates in the Epstein files". NPR. Retrieved February 5, 2026.
  105. 1 2 3 Venkatraman, Sakshi; Asiedu, Kwasi Gyamfi (February 2, 2026). "Takeaways from the millions of newly released Epstein files". BBC. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  106. ↑ Boiskin, Asher; Gao, Jerry (February 2, 2026). "Yale professor wrote to Epstein about women, including undergraduate". Yale Daily News. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  107. ↑ Nyberg, Leo; Boiskin, Asher; Gao, Jerry (February 10, 2026). "Gelernter stops teaching amid Yale review over his Epstein emails". Yale Daily News. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  108. ↑ Dwivedi, Neha (January 31, 2026). ""Wish I Never Grew Up": Joe Gibbs' Startling Mention in Jeffrey Epstein Files Stuns NASCAR Fans". The Sports Rush. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  109. 1 2 3 Langley, Hugh (February 19, 2026). "Emails show 'Godfather of AGI' Ben Goertzel courted Epstein for funding and congratulated him on jail release". Business Insider. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  110. ↑ Gokmen, Berk Kutay (February 16, 2026). "Epstein aided AI pioneer in securing Hong Kong funding: Report". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  111. ↑ Mycroft, Connor (February 16, 2026). "Epstein funded AI pioneer, helped him get HK$8.9 million in Hong Kong government grants". South China Morning Post. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  112. ↑ Gokmen, Berk Kutay (February 4, 2026). "Dalai Lama mentioned dozens of times in Epstein files". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  113. ↑ "Chinese state media accuses Dalai Lama of Epstein connections, he says they never met". The Brussels Times. February 8, 2026. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  114. ↑ Hart, Robert (February 3, 2026). "Sophia the robot's creator asked Epstein to fund bots with "sexy android bodies."". The Verge. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
  115. ↑ Tenbarge, Kat (September 15, 2019). "A journalist claims Jeffrey Epstein told him he funded a robot named Sophia". Business Insider. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
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  261. ↑ Das, Ushoshi; Topalian, Ruby; Cullen, Theresa (February 12, 2026). "Columbia donates funds, removes College of Dental Medicine officials over ties to Jeffrey Epstein". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  262. 1 2 "Prinsessan Sofia träffade Epstein flera gånger". Dagens Nyheter. Stockholm. December 22, 2025. Retrieved February 5, 2026.
  263. ↑ Pala, Melika (January 31, 2026). "New Epstein files include images, emails linked to former Prince Andrew". Anadolu Agency. Archived from the original on January 31, 2026. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  264. ↑ Aliaj, Ortenca; Ring, Suzi (February 11, 2026). "Epstein trustee document contradicts Jes Staley testimony". Financial Times. Retrieved February 15, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  265. ↑ Wilson, Harry; Abelson, Max; Browning, Jonathan; Benny-Morrison, Ava (June 26, 2025). "The Judgment of Jes Staley". Bloomberg News. Retrieved February 15, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  266. ↑ Whitehouse, Kaja (February 3, 2026). "A recurring character in the Epstein files: Snow White". Business Insider. Retrieved February 15, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  267. ↑ Aliaj, Ortenca; Gray, Alistair; Arnold, Martin; Ring, Suzi (April 5, 2025). "Jes Staley awaits judgment in courtroom battle over 'Uncle Jeffrey' Epstein". Financial Times. Retrieved February 15, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  268. ↑ Cook, Chris; Aliaj, Ortenca (December 23, 2025). "Jeffrey Epstein appointed Jes Staley and Lawrence Summers as executors of his will". Financial Times. Retrieved February 10, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  269. 1 2 Grizzard, Mackenzie (November 13, 2025). "Newly released files show relationship between Ken Starr, Jeffrey Epstein". Baylor Lariat. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
  270. ↑ Saldana, Sean (February 16, 2026). "The Texans who have shown up in the Epstein files". Texas Standard. Retrieved February 17, 2026.
  271. ↑ King, Ben; Martin, Josh (February 15, 2026). "Andrew's time as trade envoy should be investigated, says Vince Cable". BBC. Retrieved February 16, 2026.
  272. ↑ Ferguson, Malcolm (February 10, 2026). "DOJ Identifies UAE Sultan Behind Epstein Email on Torture Video". The New Republic. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  273. ↑ Field, Matthew (February 2, 2026). "Epstein helped Dubai businessman lobby Mandelson over £1.8bn British port deal". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved February 11, 2026.
  274. ↑ Sheppard, David (February 1, 2026). "DP World boss discussed masseuse with Epstein, emails show". Financial Times. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  275. ↑ Kruesi, Kimberlee; Ngowi, Rodrique (November 18, 2025). "Larry Summers steps down from public commitments after emails show friendly relationship with Jeffrey Epstein". PBS News Hour. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  276. ↑ Grundy, Tom (February 12, 2026). "Epstein files: David Tang's business ties to Ghislaine Maxwell revealed". Hong Kong Free Press HKFP. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  277. ↑ O'Neill, Bridget; Grippo, Luke (February 3, 2026). "Princeton professor maintained sustained communication with Epstein from 2008 to 2012". The Daily Princetonian. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  278. ↑ Williams, Sofia; Davies, Sterling (February 5, 2026). "Epstein called Peter Thiel '89 a 'great friend,' offered financial advice". The Stanford Daily. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  279. ↑ "King Charles tries to limit the fallout from Andrew's Epstein mess". The Economist. February 10, 2026. Retrieved February 14, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  280. ↑ Wiggins, Christopher (February 3, 2026). "Renowned transgender medicine surgeon defends appearing in Epstein files disclosures". The Advocate (magazine). Archived from the original on February 9, 2026. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  281. ↑ Kaufman, Maya (February 4, 2026). "'Anything is possible': How Jeffrey Epstein received special treatment at one of the country's elite hospitals". Politico. Retrieved February 14, 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  282. ↑ Abelson, Max; Mattu, Surya; Leopld, Jason; Benny-Morrison, Ava; Wilson, Harry; Kao, Jeff; Mehrotra, Dhruv (September 25, 2025). "The Network". Bloomberg. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  283. 1 2 3 Huss, Phoebe (February 3, 2026). "UCLA professor discussed students, class with Jeffrey Epstein, DOJ documents show". Daily Bruin. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  284. ↑ Conybeare, Will (February 7, 2026). "UCLA professor's profile removed from university website after appearing in Epstein files". KTLA. Retrieved February 12, 2026.
  285. ↑ Ryan, Brad (February 2, 2026). "What the newly released Epstein files say about Donald Trump". ABC News. Retrieved February 3, 2026.
  286. ↑ Eder, Steve; Bender, Michael C.; Enrich, David (February 1, 2026). "How Trump Appears in the Epstein Files". The New York Times. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
  287. ↑ Rego, Max (February 1, 2026). "Blanche says DOJ unable to investigate tips about Trump's involvement with Epstein". The Hill. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  288. ↑ Latchem, Tom (February 5, 2026). "Epstein Said He Was Hanging With 'the Trump Boys' After the 2016 Election". Daily Beast. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  289. ↑ Crawley, William; Stewart, Amy (February 6, 2026). "The Epstein Files: The links to Northern Ireland". BBC. Retrieved February 16, 2026.
  290. ↑ Axson, Scooby (January 31, 2026). "Epstein files reveal ex-NASCAR driver Brian Vickers' lewd email to sex offender". USA Today. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  291. ↑ Le Cam, Morgane (February 16, 2026). "Epstein's African connections included presidents, heirs and recruiters". Le Monde. Retrieved February 16, 2026.
  292. ↑ Hall, Kevin G.; Kopplin, Zack; Sbouai, Sana (February 10, 2026). "Epstein Made Efforts to Free the Son of Senegal's Former President After Corruption Conviction". Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. Retrieved February 16, 2026.
  293. ↑ Saha, Soumyadeep (February 2, 2026). "Michael Waltrip Racing Unexpectedly Pulled Into Epstein Files Storm After DOJ Release: Reports". College Sports Network. Retrieved February 10, 2026.
  294. 1 2 Harter, Clara (January 30, 2026). "Epstein files reveal emails between Ghislaine Maxwell, L.A. Olympics boss Casey Wasserman. He expresses regret". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 31, 2026.
  295. ↑ Wood, Poppy; Johnston, Neil (February 17, 2026). "DNA pioneer James Watson pictured with women in Epstein's house". The Telegraph. Retrieved February 19, 2026.
  296. ↑ Filby, Max (January 30, 2026). "FBI memos, bank record, odd emails mention Wexner in new Epstein files". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  297. ↑ Williams, Mark; Feran, Tim (December 19, 2025). "Email shows Wexner reached out to Epstein after severing relationship". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
  298. ↑ Eder, Steve; Silver-Greenberg, Jessica; Goldstein, Matthew (February 6, 2026). "'Gang Stuff' and 'Illicit Trysts': How Epstein Sought Leverage With the Wealthy". The New York Times. Retrieved February 6, 2026.
  299. ↑ Kucheria, Aadi; Porteous, George (February 3, 2026). "Former Stanford professor Nathan Wolfe '92 planned sexual behavior research, described interns with Epstein". The Stanford Daily. Retrieved February 15, 2026.
  300. ↑ Marcetic, Branko (February 12, 2026). "Mark Zuckerberg Wanted to Keep in Touch With Jeffrey Epstein". Jacobin. Retrieved February 17, 2026.
  301. ↑ Calvin-Smith, Georja; Cimini, Antonia; Olukoya, Sam; Renouil, Bastien; Bottin, Aline (February 2, 2026). "Jacob Zuma's name appears in latest Epstein files". France 24. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  302. 1 2 Wabwireh, Dominic (February 2, 2026). "Zuma Foundation rejects Epstein link as "smear campaign"". Africanews. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  303. 1 2 Habershon, Ed (February 3, 2026). "South Africa's ex-President Zuma mentioned in Epstein emails over London dinner plan". BBC. Retrieved February 14, 2026.
  304. ↑ Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency
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  306. ↑ Lynn Foulston, Stuart Abbott (2009). Hindu goddesses: beliefs and practices. pp. 1–2. ISBN 9781902210438.
  307. ↑ Mani pp. 654–5
  308. ↑ George Williams (2008), A Handbook of Hindu Mythology, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195332612, pp. 90, 112
  309. ↑ Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary" Etymologically and Philologically Arranged to cognate Indo-European Languages, Motilal Banarsidass, p. 492
  310. ↑ Romer, A. S. (1970) [1949]. The Vertebrate Body (4th ed.). W.B. Saunders.
  311. ↑ Cowen, R. (2000). History of Life. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science. p. 154. ISBN 978-0632044443.
  312. ↑ "Those diverse diapsids".
  313. ↑ Jones, Marc EH; Anderson, Cajsa Lisa; Hipsley, Christy A; Müller, Johannes; Evans, Susan E; Schoch, Rainer R (September 25, 2013). "Integration of molecules and new fossils supports a Triassic origin for Lepidosauria (lizards, snakes, and tuatara)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13: 208. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-208. PMC 4016551. PMID 24063680.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  314. ↑ Richard J. Butler; Stephen L. Brusatte; Mike Reich; Sterling J. Nesbitt; Rainer R. Schoch; Jahn J. Hornung (2011). "The sail-backed reptile Ctenosauriscus from the latest Early Triassic of Germany and the timing and biogeography of the early archosaur radiation". PLOS ONE. 6 (10): e25693. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...625693B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025693. PMC 3194824. PMID 22022431.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  315. ↑ Romer, A.S. & Parsons, T.S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. 5th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia. (6th ed. 1985)
  316. 1 2 "Analysis | The truth about Hunter Biden and the Ukrainian 'bio labs'". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  317. ↑ "Fact Sheet: The Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program". Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation. March 29, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  318. ↑ Thrush, Glenn; Vogel, Kenneth P. (November 10, 2019). "What Joe Biden Actually Did in Ukraine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  319. ↑ Kessler, Glenn (March 11, 2022). "How the right embraced Russian disinformation about 'U.S. bioweapons labs' in Ukraine". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 29, 2022.

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