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User:Feickus/Kinght's Cross Draft

< User:Feickus

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest military decoration awarded by Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded for selfless bravery in the face of the enemy and exceptional merit in leading military units.[1] A number of foreign recipients who were not nationals of Nazi Germany received the award. This list divides them into two groups: those who served in the armed forces of nations allied with Nazi Germany, and those who served in German Wehrmacht or Waffen-SS formations despite holding foreign nationality. Recipients from Austria are excluded because Austria was incorporated into Nazi Germany following the Anschluss in March 1938 and ceased to exist as a separate state for the duration of the war.[2] Nine of these men were also awarded the next higher grade, the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross, and one senior Imperial Japanese Navy officer, Fleet Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, was additionally awarded the Swords to the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves.[3]

Eugène Vaulot, a French SS-Unterscharführer of the 33. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS "Charlemagne" (franz. Nr. 1), was nominated for the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 29 April 1945 and awarded the decoration on 1 May 1945, making him both the last foreign recipient and the last recipient of any nationality to receive the award under the authority of Adolf Hitler's government.[4][5] Danish recipient Søren Kam, SS-Obersturmführer of the 5. SS-Panzer-Division "Wiking", survived the war and lived until 23 March 2015, making him one of the last surviving foreign recipients of the award. Kam died in Germany as a wanted war criminal, having evaded Danish extradition requests for decades.[6][7]

Background

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The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht kept separate Knight's Cross lists, one for each of the military branches, Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy), Luftwaffe (Air force) and for the Waffen-SS. Within each of these lists a unique sequential number was assigned to each recipient. The same numbering paradigm was applied to the higher grades of the Knight's Cross, one list per grade. Once the four lists of the Knight's Cross recipients were merged into one listing, the chronological order was abandoned and the list was converted to an alphabetical list of recipients. Foreign recipients were never integrated into this list. The Wehrmacht also refrained from assigning a numbering scheme to the different lists of foreign recipients. Two principles were retained: the foreign Knights Cross recipients were ordered alphabetically and the recipients of the higher grades were ordered chronologically.[8]

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grades were based on four separate enactments. The first enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 instituted the Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz) and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.[9] As the war progressed, some of the recipients distinguished themselves further and a higher grade, the Oak Leaves to Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, was instituted. The Oak Leaves, as they were commonly referred to, were based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940.[10] In 1941, two higher grades of the Knight's Cross were instituted. The enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 introduced the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds.[11] At the end of 1944 the final grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten), based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11 of 29 December 1944, concluded the variants of the Knight's Cross.[12]

Axis Allied Recipients

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The allied recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross are initially ordered alphabetically, whereas the recipients of the higher grades are initially ordered chronologically. The rank listed is the recipient's rank at the time the Knight's Cross or the Oak Leaves were awarded.

  This along with the * (asterisk), indicates that the Knight's Cross was awarded posthumously.

Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords

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The Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords is based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 of 28 September 1941 to reward those servicemen who had already been awarded the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Isoroku Yamamoto was the sole non-German combatant to be awarded the Swords to the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves.

Name Country Rank Unit Date of award Notes Picture
Isoroku Yamamoto Japan Fleet Admiral Commander-in-chief of the IJN Combined Fleet 27 May 1943*[3] Also awarded Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves, 27 May 1943.[3] Killed during Operation Vengeance,[13] 18 April 1943

Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

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The Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves was based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940.

Name Country Rank Unit Date of award Notes Picture
Mihail Lascăr Romania Major General (General de divizie)[14] 6th Infantry Division of the 3rd Romanian Army 22 November 1942[14] Also awarded Knight's Cross 18 January 1942[14]
Corneliu Teodorini Romania Brigadier General (General de brigadă)[15] 6th Cavalry Division 8 December 1943[15] Also awarded Knight's Cross 27 August 1943[15]
Petre Dumitrescu Romania Lieutenant General (General de armată)[16] 3rd Romanian Army 4 April 1944[16] Also awarded Knight's Cross 1 September 1942[16]
Mineichi Koga Japan Fleet Admiral Japanese Chief of Fleet 12 May 1944*[17] Also awarded Knight's Cross 12 May 1944. Killed in action 31 March 1944[17]
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim Finland Marshal of Finland President and Commander-in-chief of Finnish Defense Forces 5 August 1944[18] Also awarded Knight's Cross 30 August 1941[18]

Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross

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The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross is based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 Verordnung über die Erneuerung des Eisernen Kreuzes (Regulation of the renewing of the Iron Cross).

Name Country Rank Unit Date of award Notes Picture
Ion Antonescu Romania General Commander-in-chief of the Military of Romania 6 August 1941[19] First non-German to receive this award
Ugo de Carolis Italy Brigadier General (Generale di Brigata) Italian 52nd Infantry Division "Torino" 9 February 1942*[20] Killed in action 12 December 1941
Ugo Cavallero Italy General (Generale di Corpo d'Armata designato d'Armata) Chief of the Italian Supreme Command 14 February 1942[21]
—
Corneliu Dragalina Romania Lieutenant General Romanian 6th Army Corps 6 August 1942[22][Note 1]
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Ioan Dumitrache Romania Major General (General de brigadă) 2nd Romanian Mountain Division 21 November 1942[24]
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Carlo Fecia di Cossato Italy Frigate Captain (Capitano di Fregata) Italian submarine Enrico Tazzoli 19 March 1943[25]
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Italo Gariboldi Italy General (Generale di Corpo d'Armata designato d'Armata) 8th Italian Army 1 April 1943[26]
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Gianfranco Gazzana-Priaroggia Italy Corvette Captain (Capitano di Corvetta) Italian submarine Archimede 26 May 1943*[27] Killed in action 23 May 1943
Ermil Gheorghiu Romania Major General (General de escadră) General Staff of the Romanian Air Force 4 April 1944[28]
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Fedele De Giorgis Italy Major General (Generale di Divisione) Italian 55 Infantry Division Savona 9 January 1942[29]
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Enzo Grossi Italy Frigate Captain (Capitano di Fregata) Italian submarine Barbarigo 7 October 1942[30] Award subsequently revoked[30]
Erik Heinrichs Finland General of the Infantry Chief of Finnish General Staff 5 August 1944[31]
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József Heszlényi Hungary Lieutenant field marshal 3rd Hungarian Army 28 October 1944[32] Committed suicide 2 June 1945. [32]
Nikolaus von Horthy und von Nagybánya Hungary Admiral Commander-in-chief of the Military of Hungary 10 September 1941[33]
—
Ioan L. Hristea Romania Colonel Romanian 2nd Călărași Cavalry Regiment 28 March 1943[34]
—
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Mihály von Ibrányi Hungary Lieutenant field marshal Hungarian Cavalry Division 26 November 1944[35]
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Gusztáv Jány Hungary Colonel General 2nd Hungarian Army 31 March 1943[36]
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Emanoil Ionescu Romania Major General Commander of the Romanian Air Force's Corpul I Aerian 10 May 1944[37][Note 2]
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Radu Korne Romania Colonel Romanian 8th Cavalry Division 18 December 1942[39]
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Geza Lakatos Edler de Csíkszentsimon Hungary Colonel General 1st Hungarian Army 24 May 1944[40]
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Dezső László Hungary Colonel General 1st Hungarian Army 3 March 1945[41]
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Horia Macellariu Romania Rear Admiral Romanian Naval Forces 21 May 1944[42]
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Augustín Malár Slovakia Generálmajor Slovak Fast Division 23 January 1942[43] Died in Sachsenhausen concentration camp, 1945[43]
Gheorghe Manoliu Romania Divisions-General 4th Romanian Mountain Division 30 August 1942[44]
—
—
Giulio Martinat Italy Brigadier General (Generale di Brigata) Chief of Staff of the Italian Alpini Corps (Corpo d'Armata Alpino) 3 April 1943*[45] Killed in action 26 January 1943
Giovanni Messe Italy Lieutenant General (Generale di Corpo d'Armata) Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia 23 January 1942[46]
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Béla Miklós de Dálnok Hungary Lieutenant field marshal Hungarian Fast Corps 4 December 1941[47]
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Leonard Mociulschi Romania Major General 3rd Romanian Mountain Division 19 December 1943[48]
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Ioan Pălăghiţă Romania Major Romanian I./Infantry Regiment 94 7 April 1943[49]
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Ioan Mihail Racoviţă Romania General of the Cavalry 4th Romanian Army 8 July 1944[50]
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Edgar Rădulescu Romania Brigadier General 11th Romanian Infantry Division 3 July 1944[51]
—
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Gheorghe Răscănescu Romania Major Romanian I./Infantry Regiment 15 4 December 1942[52]
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Zoltán Szügyi Hungary Colonel Hungarian Infantry Division Szent László 12 January 1945[53]
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Nicolae Tătăranu Romania Major General 20th Romanian Infantry Division 17 December 1942[54]
—
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Jozef Turanec Slovakia Generálmajor Slovak Fast Division 7 August 1942[55]
—

Foreign Recipients in German Service

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Twenty-seven individuals held nationality other than German but received the Knight's Cross while serving in units of the German Wehrmacht or Waffen-SS. Recipients are listed by nationality: Belgium (3), Denmark (3), Estonia (4), France (3), Latvia (11), the Netherlands (4), and Spain (2).   This, along with the *, indicates that the Knight's Cross was awarded posthumously.

† indicates the award was not confirmed in the German Federal Archives and was processed by the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (OdR).

Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

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The Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves was based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 of 3 June 1940.

Name Country Rank Unit Date of award Notes Picture
Léon Degrelle Belgium SS-Sturmbannführer der Reserve Kommandeur, 28. SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Division "Wallonien" 27 August 1944[56] Also awarded Knight's Cross 20 February 1944 while serving in 5. SS-Freiwilligen Sturmbrigade "Wallonien".[56] Sentenced to death in absentia for collaboration, died in Spain 31 March 1994[56]
Alfons Rebane Estonia Waffen-Obersturmbannführer 20. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (estn. Nr. 1) 24 February 1945[57] Also awarded Knight's Cross 23 February 1944.[57] Died 8 March 1976[57]
Agustín Muñoz Grandes Spain Lieutenant General Blue Division (250. Infantry Division) 12 March 1942[58] Also awarded Knight's Cross 12 March 1942. Died 11 July 1970[58]

Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross

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The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross is based on the enactment Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 of 1 September 1939 Verordnung über die Erneuerung des Eisernen Kreuzes (Regulation of the renewing of the Iron Cross).

Name Country Rank Unit Date of award Notes Picture
Léon Gillis Belgium SS-Untersturmführer SS-Freiwilligen Sturmbrigade "Wallonien" 30 September 1944[59]
—
—
Remy Schrijnen Belgium SS-Unterscharführer 6. SS-Freiwilligen-Sturmbrigade "Langemarck" 21 September 1944[60]
—
—
Egon Christophersen Denmark SS-Unterscharführer 11th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division Nordland 11 July 1944[61] First Danish volunteer to receive the award[61]
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Johannes Hellmers Denmark SS-Hauptsturmführer der Reserve Chef, 6. Kompanie, SS-Freiwilliger-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 49 "De Ruyter", 23. SS-Freiwilliger-Panzergrenadier-Brigade "Nederland" 5 March 1945[62]
—
—
Søren Kam Denmark SS-Obersturmführer 5. SS-Panzer-Division "Wiking" 7 February 1945[6] Died 23 March 2015 as a wanted war criminal[6][7]
Paul Maitla Estonia Waffen-Hauptsturmführer 20. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (estn. Nr. 1) 23 August 1944[63] Died 10 May 1945[63]
Harald Nugiseks Estonia Waffen-Obersturmführer 20. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (estn. Nr. 1) 9 April 1944[64] Last surviving Estonian recipient, died 2 January 2014[64]
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Harald Riipalu Estonia Waffen-Obersturmbannführer 20. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (estn. Nr. 1) 23 August 1944[65] Died 4 April 1961[65]
François Apollot France Legionsoberscharführer Divisionskampfschule, 33. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS "Charlemagne" (franz. Nr. 1) 29 April 1945†[66] Award not confirmed in German Federal Archives; reportedly presented by SS-Brigadeführer Mohnke in the Reichskanzlei[66]
—
Henri Joseph Fenet France SS-Hauptsturmführer 33. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS "Charlemagne" (franz. Nr. 1) 29 April 1945†[67] Died 14 September 2002[67]
—
Eugène Vaulot France SS-Unterscharführer 33. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS "Charlemagne" (franz. Nr. 1) 1 May 1945†[4] Last recipient of the Knight's Cross awarded by the Third Reich before the German surrender on 8 May 1945. Killed in action 2 May 1945[4][5]
Miervaldis Ādamsons Latvia Waffen-Hauptsturmführer 6. Kompanie, II. Bataillon, Waffen-Grenadier-Regiment der SS 44 (lett. Nr. 6), 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 25 January 1945[68] Executed 23 August 1948[68]
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Roberts Ancāns Latvia Waffen-Obersturmführer 19. Feldersatz-Bataillon, 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 25 January 1945[69]
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Žanis Ansons Latvia Waffen-Hauptscharführer Waffen-Grenadier-Regiment der SS 44 (lett. Nr. 6), 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 9 May 1945[70]
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Kārlis Aperāts Latvia Waffen-Obersturmbannführer 32. Waffen-Grenadier-Regiment (lett. Nr. 3), 15. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 1) 21 September 1944*[71] Killed in action[71]
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Žanis Butkus Latvia Waffen-Hauptsturmführer 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 21 September 1944[72] Died 23 March 1999[72]
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Andrejs Freimanis Latvia Waffen-Obersturmführer 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 9 May 1945[73]
—
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Roberts Gaigals Latvia Waffen-Obersturmführer 42. Waffen-Grenadier-Regiment (lett. Nr. 2), 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 5 May 1945[74]
—
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Nikolajs Galdiņš Latvia Waffen-Obersturmbannführer 42. Waffen-Grenadier-Regiment (lett. Nr. 2), 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 25 January 1945[75]
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Voldemārs Reinholds Latvia Waffen-Sturmbannführer 43. Waffen-Grenadier-Regiment (lett. Nr. 3), 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 9 May 1945†[76] Award not confirmed in German Federal Archives[76]
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Alfrēds Riekstiņš Latvia Waffen-Unterscharführer 19. Füsilier-Bataillon, 19. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lett. Nr. 2) 22 April 1945[77]
—
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Voldemārs Veiss Latvia SS-Standartenführer 2. Lettische SS-Freiwilligen-Brigade 9 February 1944*[78] Killed in action 16 April 1944[78]
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Derk-Elsko Bruins Netherlands SS-Rottenführer Geschützführer, 1. Kompanie, SS-Panzerjäger-Abteilung 54, 4. SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Brigade "Nederland" 23 August 1944[79] Died 5 February 1986[79]
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Johan Wijnand Havik Netherlands SS-Untersturmführer Zugführer, I. Bataillon, SS-Polizei-Panzer-Abteilung 4, 4. SS-Polizei-Panzergrenadier-Division[80] 6 May 1945†[80] Award doubted by Scherzer; presentation impossible as recipient was POW[80]. Died 21 September 1997[80]
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Gerardus Mooijman Netherlands SS-Unterscharführer SS-Freiwilligen-Legion Niederlande 20 February 1943[81] First non-German to receive the award[81]. Died 21 June 1987[81]
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Caspar Sporck Netherlands SS-Unterscharführer Geschützführer, 5. schwere Schwadron, SS-Freiwilligen-Panzer-Aufklärungs-Abteilung 11, 11. SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Division "Nordland" 23 October 1944[82] Died of wounds 8 April 1945[82]
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Emilio Esteban Infantes Spain Lieutenant General Blue Division (250. Infantry Division) 3 October 1943[83]
—

References

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  1. ↑ "Knight Cross". Timeless History. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  2. ↑ "Nazi Territorial Aggression: The Anschluss". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  3. 1 2 3 "Yamamoto, Isoroku (山本 五十六)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  4. 1 2 3 "Vaulot, Eugène 'Gégène' (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  5. 1 2 "Die Russen in Berlin 1945". Der Spiegel (in German). 25 May 1965. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  6. 1 2 3 "Kam, Søren". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  7. 1 2 JTA (31 March 2015). "Wanted Nazi criminal Soren Kam dies at 93". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  8. ↑ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 112.
  9. ↑ "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 1573; 1 September 1939" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  10. ↑ "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 849; 3 June 1940" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  11. ↑ "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 613; 28 September 1941" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  12. ↑ "Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11; 29 December 1944" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  13. ↑ Curatola, John (26 April 2023). "Operation Vengeance: The Killing of Isoroku Yamamoto". The National WWII Museum. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  14. 1 2 3 "Lascar, Mihail". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  15. 1 2 3 "Teodorini, Corneliu". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  16. 1 2 3 "Dumitrescu, Petre". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  17. 1 2 "Koga, Mineichi". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  18. 1 2 "Mannerheim, Freiherr, Carl Gustaf Emil". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
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  22. ↑ "Dragalina, Corneliu". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  23. ↑ Von Seemen 1976, p. 372.
  24. ↑ "Dumitrache, Ioan". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  25. ↑ "Fecia di Cossato, Carlo Conte". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  26. ↑ "Gariboldi, Italo". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  27. ↑ "Gazzana-Priaroggia, Gianfranco". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  28. ↑ "Gheorghiu, Ermil". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  29. ↑ "Giorgis, de, Fedele". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  30. 1 2 "Grossi, Enzo". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  31. ↑ "Heinrichs, Axel Erik". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  32. 1 2 "Heszelényi, József Vitez". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  33. ↑ "Horthy de Nagybánya, Miklós "Nikolaus"". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  34. ↑ "Hristea, Ioan L." TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  35. ↑ "Ibranyi, Mihaly". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  36. ↑ "Jany, Gustav". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  37. ↑ "Ionescu, Emanoil". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  38. ↑ Scherzer 2007, p. 413.
  39. ↑ "Korne, Radu M." TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  40. ↑ "Lakatos de Csíkszentsimon, Geza". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  41. ↑ Falk, Victor A. (November 2016). Of Fire, Iron and Blood (PDF). Vol. 1. Cleveland, OH: Published by the Author in collaboration with the Society and Order of Szent László. p. 152. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  42. ↑ "Macellariu, Horia". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  43. 1 2 "Malar, Augustin". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  44. ↑ "Manoliu, Gheorghe". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  45. ↑ "Martinat, Giulio". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  46. ↑ "Messe, Giovanni". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  47. ↑ "Miklos von Dálnoki, Béla". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  48. ↑ "Mociulschi, Leonard". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  49. ↑ "Palaghita, Ioan". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  50. ↑ "Racovita, Mihail". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  51. ↑ "Radulescu, Eduard". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  52. ↑ "Rascanescu, Gheorghe". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  53. ↑ Falk, Victor A. (November 2016). Of Fire, Iron and Blood (PDF). Vol. 1. Cleveland, OH: Published by the Author in collaboration with the Society and Order of Szent László. p. 139. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  54. ↑ "Tătăranu, Nicolae". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  55. ↑ "Turancec, Joseph". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  56. 1 2 3 "Degrelle, Leon Marie Joseph Ignace". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  57. 1 2 3 "Rebane, Alfons Vilhelm Robert 'Alf'". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  58. 1 2 "Muñoz-Grandes, Augustín". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  59. ↑ "Gillis, Léon (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  60. ↑ "Schrijnen, Remy (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  61. 1 2 "Christopherson, Egon". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  62. ↑ "Hellmers, Johannes". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  63. 1 2 "Maitla, Paul "Kugelblitz" (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  64. 1 2 "Nugiseks, Harald". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  65. 1 2 "Riipalu, Harald". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  66. 1 2 "Apollot, François". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  67. 1 2 "Fenet, Henri-Joseph". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  68. 1 2 "Adamsons, Miervaldis". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  69. ↑ "Ancans, Robert". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  70. ↑ "Ansons, Zanis". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  71. 1 2 "Aperats, Karlis (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  72. 1 2 "Butkus, Zanis (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 17 June 2026.
  73. ↑ "Freimanis, Andrejs Roberts (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  74. ↑ "Gaigals, Roberts". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  75. ↑ "Galdins, Nikoljas (Waffen SS)". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  76. 1 2 "Reinholds, Voldemars". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  77. ↑ "Riekstins, Alfreds". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  78. 1 2 "Veiss, Voldemars". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
  79. 1 2 "Bruins, Derk Elsko". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  80. 1 2 3 4 "Havik, Johan Wijnand "Joop / Hans". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  81. 1 2 3 "Mooijman, Gerardus Leonardus". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  82. 1 2 "Sporck, Casper Antoine". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  83. ↑ "Esteban-Infantes Martín, Emilio". TracesOfWar.com. STIWOT. Retrieved 23 June 2026.
  1. ↑ According to Von Seemen on 9 August 1942.[23]
  2. ↑ According to Scherzer on 28 April 1944.[38]
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