User:Central Data Bank/Yüksek Hızlı Tren

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*Yüksek Hızlı Tren*
Yüksek Hızlı Tren
	An eastbound YHT train (TCDD HT80000) in Ankara
Overview
Service type	High-speed rail
Status	Operating
Locale	Northwest, Central Anatolia
Predecessor	Mavi Tren; Başkent Ekspresi; Anadolu Ekspresi; Meram Ekspresi; Ankara Express; Cumhuriyet Ekspresi;
First service	13 March 2009
Current operator	TCDD Taşımacılık
Former operator	Turkish State Railways
Ridership	11.8 million (2023)
Route
Service frequency	12x Daily (Ankara-Eskişehir); 9x Daily (Ankara-Istanbul); 5x Daily (Ankara-Konya); 2x Daily (Ankara-Karaman); 3x Daily (Ankara-Sivas); 4x Daily (Istanbul-Konya); 1x Daily (Istanbul-Karaman)
On-board services
Classes	First, business and economy class
Disabled access	Fully accessible
Catering facilities	On-board café, and at-seat meals (depending on the route)
Entertainment facilities	On-board television with feature films
Baggage facilities	Checked baggage available at selected stations
Technical
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	25 kV 50 Hz AC
Operating speed	300 km/h (186 mph) maximum
Track owner	Turkish State Railways
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A TCDD HT65000 at the ATG terminal in Ankara

A TCDD HT80000 at the ATG terminal in Ankara

Yüksek Hızlı Tren or YHT (English: High Speed Train) is a high-speed rail service in Turkey, operated by TCDD Transport, and is the railway's premier intercity train service. As of 2022, the network spans 1,385 km (860.6 mi) and services major cities like Istanbul, Ankara, Eskişehir, İzmit, Konya, and Sivas. Expansion of the system is underway and the network is expected to reach Edirne, Afyonkarahisar, Adana, and İzmir in the 2020s. YHT trains carried over 11.8 million passengers in 2023, making it the busiest inter-city passenger service in Turkey.^[1]

High-speed rail in Turkey was originally planned to be built as early as 1975, but it wasn't until 2003 that the construction of the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway began. The first section was completed in 2007, between Eskişehir and Esenkent with passenger operations beginning on 13 March 2009 between Eskişehir and Ankara. On 23 August 2011, the Turkish State Railways inaugurated its second high-speed railway to Konya and on 25 July 2014, the railway was opened to Istanbul.^[3] The State Railways have integrated the YHT network with other projects done in major urban areas. In Ankara, the route was expanded from three tracks to five tracks to allow for frequent Başkentray commuter rail service, along with a new high-speed rail concourse at Ankara station. In Istanbul, YHT trains use the Marmaray Tunnel to traverse the Bosphorus Strait and reach the European side of the city.

YHT trains run on both dedicated high-speed railways, as well as existing conventional railways that have been upgraded to allow speeds of 200 km/h (124 mph) and 160 km/h (99 mph) respectively. The latest expansion of the network happened on 26 April 2023, with a 406 km (252 mi) expansion from Ankara to Sivas, along the newly built Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway.

History

Background

Construction and testing

Branding

Service

Ridership

Technology

Trainsets

Signalling

Stations

Ankara-Istanbul

Station listing
Province	City	Distance from Ankara	Station	YHT services^[4]							Additional rail services/connections
Ankara	Ankara	0 km (0 mi)	Ankara YHT	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv	Ank-Esk	Ank-Kon	Ank-Kmn			TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Başkentray, Eastern Express, İzmir Blue Train, Lake Van Express, Southern Kurtalan Express, 4 Sept. Blue Train Ankara Metro:
	Ankara	21 km (13 mi)	Eryaman YHT	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv	Ank-Esk	Ank-Kon	Ank-Kmn			TCDD Transport: Başkentray
	Polatlı	90 km (56 mi)	Polatlı YHT	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv	Ank-Esk	Ank-Kon	Ank-Kmn
Eskişehir	Eskişehir	246 km (153 mi)	Eskişehir	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv	Ank-Esk			Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Aegean Express, Ankara Express, Pamukkale Express, İzmir Blue Train
Bilecik	Bozüyük	296 km (184 mi)	Bozüyük YHT	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn
Bilecik	Bilecik	330 km (210 mi)	Bilecik YHT	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn
Kocaeli	İzmit	470 km (290 mi)	İzmit	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ada Express, Ankara Express Akçaray
Kocaeli	Gebze	517 km (321 mi)	Gebze	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ada Express, Ankara Express, Marmaray
Istanbul	Istanbul	537 km (334 mi)	Pendik	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ada Express, Ankara Express, Marmaray
		552 km (343 mi)	Bostancı	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Marmaray Istanbul Metro:
		560 km (350 mi)	Söğütlüçeşme	Ank-Ist	Ist-Siv				Ist-Kon	Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Marmaray Metrobüs: 34A, 34G, 34Z
		580 km (360 mi)	Bakırköy	Ank-Ist						Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Marmaray Istanbul Metro:

594 km (369 mi)	Halkalı	Ank-Ist						Ist-Kmn	TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Istanbul-Sofia Express, Bosphorus Express, Marmaray

Ankara-Konya/Karaman

Station listing
Province	City	Distance from Ankara	Station	YHT services^[4]							Additional rail services/connections
Ankara	Ankara	0 km (0 mi)	Ankara YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk			TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Başkentray, Eastern Express, İzmir Blue Train, Lake Van Express, Southern Kurtalan Express, 4 Sept. Blue Train Ankara Metro:
	Ankara	21 km (13 mi)	Eryaman YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk			TCDD Transport: Başkentray
	Polatlı	90 km (56 mi)	Polatlı YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk
Konya	Konya	246 km (153 mi)	Selçuklu YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Aegean Express, Ankara Express, Pamukkale Express, İzmir Blue Train Estram: 1, 3
	Konya	296 km (184 mi)	Konya	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Taurus Express, Konya Blue Train
	Çumra	330 km (210 mi)	Çumra	Ank-Kmn					Ist-Kmn		TCDD Transport: Taurus Express
Karaman	Karaman	470 km (290 mi)	Karaman	Ank-Kmn					Ist-Kmn		TCDD Transport: Taurus Express

Istanbul-Konya/Karaman

Station listing
Province	City	Distance from Ankara	Station	YHT services^[4]							Additional rail services/connections
Istanbul	Istanbul	0 km (0 mi)	Halkalı	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk			TCDD Transport: Ankara Express, Başkentray, Eastern Express, İzmir Blue Train, Lake Van Express, Southern Kurtalan Express, 4 Sept. Blue Train Ankara Metro:
		21 km (13 mi)	Bakırköy	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk			TCDD Transport: Başkentray
		90 km (56 mi)	Söğütlüçeşme	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk
		90 km (56 mi)	Bostancı	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk
		90 km (56 mi)	Pendik	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon	Ist-Siv	Ank-Ist	Ank-Esk
Kocaeli	Gebze	246 km (153 mi)	Gebze	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Aegean Express, Ankara Express, Pamukkale Express, İzmir Blue Train Estram: 1, 3
Kocaeli	İzmit	296 km (184 mi)	İzmit	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Taurus Express, Konya Blue Train
Bilecik	Bilecik	296 km (184 mi)	Bilecik YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Taurus Express, Konya Blue Train
Eskişehir	Bozüyük	246 km (153 mi)	Bozüyük YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Aegean Express, Ankara Express, Pamukkale Express, İzmir Blue Train Estram: 1, 3
Eskişehir	Eskişehir	296 km (184 mi)	Eskişehir	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Taurus Express, Konya Blue Train
Konya	Konya	246 km (153 mi)	Selçuklu YHT	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Aegean Express, Ankara Express, Pamukkale Express, İzmir Blue Train Estram: 1, 3
	Konya	296 km (184 mi)	Konya	Ank-Kmn	Ank-Kon				Ist-Kmn	Ist-Kon	TCDD Transport: Taurus Express, Konya Blue Train
	Çumra	330 km (210 mi)	Çumra	Ank-Kmn					Ist-Kmn		TCDD Transport: Taurus Express
Karaman	Karaman	470 km (290 mi)	Karaman	Ank-Kmn					Ist-Kmn		TCDD Transport: Taurus Express

Ankara-Sivas

References

1 2 | start = Ankara | stops = | end = Istanbul or Karaman or Sivas | distance = 1,385 km (860.6 mi) | journeytime = 1 hour, 50 minutes<ref name='YHT'>YHT Tanıtım Kitabi (YHT Reference Book), published by TCDD and Turkish Ministry of Transport. Cite error: The named reference "tcdd23" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
↑ Cite error: The named reference SiemensPDF was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
↑ Cite error: The named reference Uysal was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
1 2 3 Cite error: The named reference yht was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[tcdd23-1] 1 2 | start = Ankara | stops = | end = Istanbul or Karaman or Sivas | distance = 1,385 km (860.6 mi) | journeytime = 1 hour, 50 minutes<ref name='YHT'>YHT Tanıtım Kitabi (YHT Reference Book), published by TCDD and Turkish Ministry of Transport. Cite error: The named reference "tcdd23" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[SiemensPDF-2] Cite error: The named reference SiemensPDF was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Uysal-3] Cite error: The named reference Uysal was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[yht-4] 1 2 3 Cite error: The named reference yht was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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