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User:Bruisefarshid/sandbox

2025–2026 Iranian protests
Part of Gen Z protests in Asia, the Iranian economic crisis, the 2025–2026 Iran internal crisis, and Prelude to the 2026 Iran war
Protests in Neyshabur
Graffiti writing 'Death to the Dictator'
Date28 December 2025 – present
(5 months and 24 days)
Main:
Phase I: 28 December 2025 – 16 January 2026
(19 days)
Phase II: 21 February 2026 – present
(4 months)
Location
675 locations across 210 cities in all 31 provinces of Iran[1][2][3]
Caused byEconomic issues

Political issues

Systemic/ideological issues

Goals
  • Overthrow of the Islamic Republic government[4][5]
  • Return of Reza Pahlavi to lead a transitional government (some factions)[6]
  • End of economic mismanagement
Methods
StatusOngoing
Parties
Political groups:
Separatist groups:
Labour, civil, and retiree groups:
  • Free Workers Union of Iran[32]
  • Iranian Writers Association[32]
  • Coordination Council of Iranian Teachers Trade Associations[32]
  • Haft Tappeh Sugarcane Workers Syndicate[32]
  • Coordination Committee to Help Form Independent Labour Organisations[32]
  • Khuzestan Retired Workers[32]
  • Union of Retirees Group[32]
  • Kurdish Women's Organisations[32]
  • Retirees Union[33]
  • Kermanshah Electricity and Metal Association[33]
  • "Stop Executions"[33]
  • "Justice Seekers"[33]
  • Coordination Council for Protests of Contract Oil Workers[33]
  • Coordination Council for Protests of Non-Formal Oil Workers[33]
  • Coordination Council of Nurses Protests[33]
  • "Neday-e Zanan-e Iran"[33]
  • World Iranian Christian Alliance[34]
Supported by:
Lead figures
Number
  • 5 million (per European intelligence)[46]
  • 800,000–900,000 Iranian internal security apparatus (Basij personnel, policemen, IRGC Ground Forces)[47]
  • 5,000 Iran-backed Iraqi militiamen[48]
  • 10,000–500,000[49][50][51] counter-protesters in Tehran
Casualties
Deaths7,015–36,500+[52][53][54][b]
Injuries330,000–360,000[c]
Arrested53,552[55]
Precise casualties uncertain partly due to telecommunications blackout since 8 January 2026.
  1. ↑ Cite error: The named reference HRANA-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ↑ "Mapping the ongoing protests in Iran (UPDATED)". Faytuks Network. January 2026. Retrieved 7 January 2026.
  3. ↑ See also the map made by the Spiegel: Cieschinger, Almut; Kornfeld, Anna-Lena; Martin, Anna Sophia; Riedmann, Bernhard; Schneider, Anna-Sophie (9 January 2026). "(S+) Iran: So breiten sich die regimekritischen Proteste aus". Der Spiegel (in German).
  4. ↑ "Day four of Iran protests sees rallies spread and regime change calls grow". Iran International. 1 January 2026. Retrieved 2 January 2026.
  5. ↑ Parent, Deepa; Christou, William (3 January 2026). "'No future for us': disaffected Iranians say it's now or never to topple regime". The Guardian.
  6. 1 2 Cite error: The named reference Reza Pahlavi-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ↑ "Iran Protests Quelled Since Deadly Crackdown, Residents Say". The New York Times. 16 January 2026.
  8. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Baskar2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ↑ Cite error: The named reference :19 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ↑ Cite error: The named reference :20 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ↑ Ravid, Barak; Basu, Zachary; Lotz, Avery (28 February 2026). "Israel says Iran supreme leader Khamenei is dead". Axios. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  12. ↑ "Live: Iran confirms supreme leader Khamenei is dead after US, Israeli attacks". Reuters. 28 February 2026. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  13. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Golkar-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ↑ Makoii, Akhtar (12 January 2026). "Armed protesters fight back against Iranian regime". The Telegraph.
  15. ↑ "Iran supreme leader says will not yield as protests simmer and US threatens". Reuters. 3 January 2026.
  16. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Iran International-2026i was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ↑ Teller, Neville (30 June 2025). "Is there a chance for regime change in Iran? – opinion". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 5 January 2026.
  18. 1 2 Cite error: The named reference Shamim was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Jones-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Karim-2025 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  21. ↑ "Iran Braces for More Protests. Here's What to Know". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 January 2026.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cite error: The named reference Hengaw-2026c was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cite error: The named reference Shafaq News-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  24. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Sleiman-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  25. ↑ Cite error: The named reference caliber.az-2026 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  26. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Deutsche Welle was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  27. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Institute for the Study of War-2025 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ↑ "Iranian Baloch group calls for protests and strikes across Iran". Iran International. 7 January 2026.
  29. ↑ Cite error: The named reference IranUpdateJanuary11 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  30. ↑ "Iran is Cut off from Internet as Protests Calling for Regime Change Intensify". The New York Times. 8 January 2026.
  31. ↑ "Iran's protests no longer speak language of reform [OPINION]". Azer News. 9 January 2026.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Iranian Authorities Intensify Crackdown on Protests with Live Fire, Arbitrary Arrests, and Attacks on Hospitals". Center for Human Rights in Iran. 6 January 2026.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Iranian labor, civil and retiree groups voice support for protests". Iran Insight. 4 January 2026.
  34. ↑ "Iranian Christian alliance urges restraint as protests continue across Iran - Premier Christian News | Headlines, Breaking News, Comment & Analysis". Premier Christian.
  35. ↑ Estrin, Daniel (28 February 2026). "U.S. and Israel strike Iran in operation 'Epic Fury.' Trump calls for regime overthrow". NPR. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  36. ↑ Magid, Jacob (28 February 2026). "Trump indicates goal of Iran strikes is to topple regime; tells Iranian people: 'When we're finished, take over your government'". The Times of Israel. ISSN 0040-7909. Retrieved 28 February 2026.
  37. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Thousands participate in pro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  38. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Euronews was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  39. ↑ "Protests in Iran sparked by economic woes now nationwide, activists say". ABC News. 8 January 2026.
  40. ↑ Dehghanpisheh, Babak; Austin, Henry (8 January 2026). "Video shows security forces firing tear gas at protesters as Iran crackdown kills dozens". NBC News.
  41. ↑ "In Iran, no internet and surging protests urged on by an exiled prince". Global News. 8 January 2026.
  42. ↑ "Internet and phones cut in Iran as protesters heed exiled prince's call for mass demonstration". Politico. 8 January 2026.
  43. ↑ Salem, Mostafa (13 January 2026). "Why are there mass protests in Iran, and could the US get involved?". CNN.
  44. ↑ Marx, Willem (10 January 2026). "Who is Reza Pahlavi, the exiled crown prince encouraging demonstrations across Iran?". NPR.
  45. ↑ Lahabi, Omid. "Who is Reza Pahlavi, heir to Persian throne, and what Is his vision for Iran's society?". Euronews. Retrieved 11 January 2026.
  46. ↑ Cite error: The named reference auto2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  47. ↑ Sleiman, Nadia (2026-01-14). "Indicators of Iranian Regime Instability". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 2026-02-12.
  48. ↑ Cite error: The named reference 5000-iraq was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  49. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Christou-2026c was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  50. ↑ Brown, Bridget; Hranjski, Hrvoje. "Pro-government supporters take to the streets in Iran". AP News. Retrieved 30 January 2026.
  51. ↑ "The Observers - 'Three million' pro-government protesters in Tehran? Fact-checking Iranian state media". France 24. 28 January 2026. Archived from the original on 29 January 2026. Retrieved 30 January 2026.
  52. ↑ McClure, Tess; Parent, Deepa. "Disappeared bodies, mass burials and '30,000 dead': what is the truth of Iran's death toll?". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 February 2026.
  53. ↑ Cite error: The named reference Time_30k_local_health_officials was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  54. ↑ Cite error: The named reference 36,500iranint was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  55. 1 2 Cite error: The named reference hrana-15-feb was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  56. ↑ Cite error: The named reference SundayTimes17Jan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  57. ↑ Cite error: The named reference ichr-20jan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  1. ↑ Israeli reports of Khamenei's death in the strikes[11] were later confirmed by the Iranian government.[12]
  2. ↑ 7,015–18,759 per HRANA, including 6,508 protesters, 214 government-affiliated individuals (military and non-military), 67 non-protesting civilians and 226 minors confirmed killed, while an additional 11,744 reported deaths are under review.[55]
  3. ↑
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