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Tarija Formation

The Tarija Formation is a Pleistocene-age geologic formation found near Tarija, Bolivia.

Tarija Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Pleistocene 2.58–0.774 Ma
TypeFormation
Lithology
PrimarySiltstone, sandstone
Location
Coordinates21°30′S 64°45′E / 21.5°S 64.75°E / -21.5; 64.75
Approximate paleocoordinates21°36′S 64°12′E / 21.6°S 64.2°E / -21.6; 64.2
CountryBolivia
Type section
Named forTarija

Background

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Fossils of numerous large herbivorous mammals have been discovered, including toxodonts like Toxodon platensis, glyptodonts, ground sloths, and litopterns such as Macrauchenia patachonica.[1] Numerous carnivorous mammals have been found, including Smilodon populator, Arctotherium tarijense, and Protocyon tarijensis.[2]

Paleofauna

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Birds

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Accipitriformes

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Accipitriformes
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotes
Vultur V. gryphus Cathartidae Tarija [3] Andean Condor

Mammals

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Didelphimorphia

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Accipitriformes
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotes
Lutreolina L. crassicaudata Didelphidae Tarija [3] Big lutrine opossum

Cingulata

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Cingulata
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotes
Euphractus E. sexcinctus Chlamyphoridae Tarija <Tarija [3] Six-Banded Armadillo
Chaetophractus C. villosus Chlamyphoridae Tarija [3] Big Hairy Armadillo
Dasypus D. tarijensis Dasypodidae Tarija [3]
Propraopus P. cf. sulcatus Dasypodidae Tarija [3]
Glyptodon G. reticulatus Glyptodontidae Tarija [3]
Glyptodon life restoration
Panochthus P. sp Glyptodontidae Tarija [3]
Pampatherium P. cf. humboldtii Pampatheriidae Tarija [3]

Proboscidea

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Proboscidea
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotesImages
Cuvieronius C. tropicus Gomphotheriidae Tarija [3]
Cuvieronius hyodon

Carnivorans

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Carnivora
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotes
Pseudalopex P. gymnocercus Canidae Tarija [3] Pampas Fox
Aenocyon A.dirus Canidae Tarija [3] Dire wolf
Chrysocyon C. brachyurus Canidae Tarija [3] Maned wolf
Protocyon P.troglodytes Canidae Tarija [3]
Nasua N.sp Procyonidae Tarija [3]
A modern Nasua
Arctotherium A.wingei Ursidae Tarija [3]
A. tarijense Ursidae Tarija [3]
Conepatus C.suffocans Mephitidae Tarija [3] An extinct hog-nosed skunk
Smilodon S.populator Felidae Tarija [3] Saber-toothed cat
Restoration of the smilodon
Panthera P. onca Felidae Tarija [3] Jaguar
Jaguar (Panthera onca) swimming
Herpailurus H. yagouaroundi Felidae Tarija [3] Jaguarundi


Artiodactyla

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Artiodactyla
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotesImages
Platygonus P. tarijensis. Tayassuidae Tarija [3]
Charitoceros C. tarijensis. Cervidae Tarija [3]
Hippocamelus H. incognituss. Cervidae Tarija [3]
A Huemul, a living member of Hippocampus
Paleolama P. weddeli. Camelidae Tarija [3]
Paleolama.
Lama L. provicugna Camelidae Tarija [3] The Vicuña, a modern species of Llama
Group of vicuña in Arequipa Region, Peru

Meridiungulata

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South American native ungulates
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotesImages
Macrauchenia M. patachonica. Macraucheniidae Tarija [3]
Reconstruction of Macrauchenia patachonica running.
Toxodon T cf. platensis. Toxodontidae Tarija [3]
Toxodon, London Natural History Museum

Perissodactyla

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Perissodactyla
GenusSpeciesFamilyIntervalNotesImages
Tapirus T. tarijensis Tapiridae Tarija[3]
Hippidion H. principale Equidae Tarija [3] A browsing horse
Onohippidium reconstruction
H. devillei Equidae Tarija [3]
Equus E. neogeus Equidae Tarija [3]

References

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  1. ↑ MacFadden, B.J.; Shockey, B.J. (2016). "Ancient feeding ecology and niche differentiation of Pleistocene mammalian herbivores from Tarija, Bolivia: morphological and isotopic evidence". Paleobiology. 23 (1): 77-100. doi:10.1017/S0094837300016651. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  2. ↑ Prevosti, F.J.; Forasiepi, A.M. (2018). "South American Fossil Carnivorans (Order Carnivora)". Evolution of South American Mammalian Predators During the Cenozoic: Paleobiogeographic and Paleoenvironmental Contingencies. Springer Geology. p. 77-100. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03701-1_4. ISBN 978-3-319-03700-4. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 "Paleobiology Database".
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