Wikipedia

St. Louis crime family

The St. Louis crime family,[1][2] also known as the Giordano crime family or the St. Louis Mafia, was an Italian-American Mafia crime family based in St. Louis, Missouri.[3][4]

St. Louis crime family
Foundedc. 1890s
Founding locationSt. Louis, Missouri, United States
Years activec. 1890s–2014
TerritoryPrimarily Greater St. Louis, with additional territory throughout Missouri, as well as Las Vegas
EthnicityItalians as "made men" and other ethnicities as associates
ActivitiesRacketeering, gambling, bookmaking, loansharking, extortion, drug trafficking, bootlegging, robbery, skimming, bribery, assault, and murder
Allies
RivalsVarious gangs in the St. Louis area

History

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Early Italian gangs

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The earliest records are of the Italian Mafia gangs in the mid-1890s.[5] By the early 1910s, Dominick Giambrone was recognized as the local Mafia boss until 1924, when he stepped down and fled the city.[6] With the passage of Prohibition in 1920, control of St. Louis's illegal bootlegging operations became a major power struggle between the seven different ethnic gangs: the Green Ones, the Pillow Gang, the Russo Gang, the Egan's Rats, the Hogan Gang, the Shelton Gang and the Cuckoos all fighting to control illegal rackets in the St. Louis area.[1]

The Green Ones was a Sicilian gang, formed in 1915, by Vito Giannola, his brother John Giannola and Alphonse Palizzola before immigrating to America.[5] After the three men arrived in America they went their separate ways: Vito Giannola to St. Louis, John Giannola to Chicago and Alphonse Palizzola to Springfield, Illinois.[3] During the early 1920s, Vito Giannola reunited with his brother John Giannola and Alphonse Palizzola in St. Louis.[3] The three men imposed a tax on all goods sold in the city's Italian community. In 1924, Vito Giannola became the most powerful Mafia boss in St. Louis forcing Dominick Giambrone to flee the city.[3] Giannola attempted to take control of the bootlegging rackets in the area and fought with members of the Egan's Rats gang and Cuckoos Gang.[3] On September 9, 1927, Alphonse Palizzola was shot and killed by a rival gang. Months later boss Vito Giannola was shot 37 times to death on December 28, 1927.[3] The remaining members of the Green Ones gang including John Giannola went into hiding.[3]

The Pillow gang was the earliest Italian gang in the city being active since 1910.[5] The gang was led by Pasquale Santino until 1927, when he was murdered.[5] Carmelo Fresina became the new leader, nicknaming it the Pillow gang because Fresina carried a pillow with him to sit on after he had been shot in the buttocks.[3] Fresina formed an alliance with splinter group of the Green Ones called the Russo gang led by Tony Russo.[5] The two gangs battled with the Green Ones until 1928, when the Russo gang lost too many members and blamed the Pillow gang for betraying them.[7] In 1931, Fresina was murdered and members of the Pillow gang continued fighting with the Russo gang and the Green Ones.[3]

The Pillow gang was taken over Thomas Buffa, who became boss of the St. Louis Mafia family.[3] The rival gangs continued fighting until the end of Prohibition, when the various Mafia factions began functioning as one family.[8] In 1943, Buffa fled the city and was murdered in 1947 in Lodi, California.[3] After Buffa's murder leadership of the family went to Tony Lopiparo, Frank Coppola, and Ralph Caleca.[3]

Giordano and the Detroit family

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After Tony Lopiparo's death, Anthony Giordano became boss and declared independence from the Kansas City crime family.[1] In the 1970s, Giordano, along with Detroit mobsters Anthony Joseph Zerilli and Michael Polizzi, attempted to gain control of the Frontier Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas.[1] They failed and all three men were convicted of conspiracy.[1] In 1975, Giordano was sent to prison, his nephew Vincenzo Giammanco became the acting boss until Giordano was released in December 1977.[1] On August 29, 1980, Giordano died from cancer in his St. Louis home.[3]

Current status

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The St. Louis crime family has avoided local and federal authorities, who have been focused on organized crime that inflicts public violence. Anthony "Nino" Parrino served as boss from 1997 to his death on November 3, 2014. The last known underboss was Joseph Cammarata.[9]

Historical leadership

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Boss (official and acting)

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  • 1912-1923 — Dominick Giambrone — fled; later murdered in 1934[10]
  • 1923-1927 — Vito Giannola[2][11]
  • 1927-1937 — Frank Agrusa[12] — born in Cinisi, Sicily, Italy
  • 1937-1943 — Thomas Buffa[13]
  • 1943-1950 — Pasquale Miceli
  • 1950-1960 — Anthony "Tony Lap" Lopiparo — the son of a St. Louis mobster; died in 1960[3]
  • 1960-1980 — Anthony "Tony G." Giordano — as boss he declared independence from the Kansas City family.[1] Imprisoned 1975–1977; died of cancer on August 29, 1980[3][14]
    • Acting 1975-1977 — Vincenzo "Jimmy" Giammanco — Giordano's nephew[1]
  • 1980-1982 — John "Johnny V." Vitale. — died on June 5, 1982[3]
  • 1982-1997 — Matthew "Mike" Trupiano Jr. — Giordano's nephew from Detroit; died in 1997[1]
  • 1997–2014 — Anthony "Nino" Parrino[4] — died on November 3, 2014

Underboss

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  • 1912-1923 — Vito Giannola — became boss
  • 1923-1927 — Alfonse Palazzolo — murdered
  • 1927-1937 — Thomas Buffa — became boss
  • 1937-1943 — Pasquale Miceli — became boss
  • 1943-1950 — Vincent Chiapetta – demoted
  • 1950-1980 — John "Johnny V." Vitale — semi-retired from 1960; later became boss
  • 1980-2013 — Joseph "Uncle Joe" Cammarata — became semi-retired in the 2000s; died in 2013

Former members

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  • Fernando M. "Nondo" Bartolotta — born in 1957. In 1984, Bartolotta and Michael Bauer were arrested for conspiring to steal $300,000 from a Venture store, where Bauer worked as an assistant manager.[15] In 1997, Bartolotta was convicted of multiple charges including bank robbery and using threats of violence.[16] He committed a variety of crimes, including burglarizing a home in Illinois and robbing a bank in Creve Coeur, Missouri. He was released from prison on March 3, 2006.[17]

List of murders committed by the St. Louis crime family

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NameDateReason
Salvatore LeoniJanuary 19, 1912It is believed Leoni was beheaded by Dominick Giambrone as Leoni was set to testify against Antonio Sansone for murder.[18]
Vincent ButeraFebruary 14, 1917Butera was hacked to death inside of his saloon located at 901 Biddle Street in St. Louis as he was warned by Dominick Giambrone to close his business.
Anthony F Russo & Vincent SpicuzzaAugust 9, 1927Russo and Spicuzza were shot and killed by Alphonse Palazzolo and Frank Agrusa. Palazzolo had attempted to frame Jack McGurn for the Russo and Spicuzza murders.[19]
Benny Giamanco & Aloys BeelmanAugust 24, 1927Beelman was a lawyer and an innocent bystander. Giamanco was a friend of Anthony Russo and Vincent Spicuzza, who were both killed on August 9, 1927.[20][21]
Alphonse PalazzoloSeptember 9, 1927Palazzolo was shot and killed at the age of 34. Palazzolo was killed as part of a bootleg war in St. Louis.[22][23]
Charles PalmisanoNovember 10, 1927Palmisano was murdered at the age of 49 for refusing to pay protection to the St. Louis family following the death of Alphonse Palazzolo.
Mike PalazzoloMay 1934Palazzolo was shot in the head and neck as it was believed he had feuded with Walter Mushenick, an associate of the family.[24]
Dominick GiambroneJuly 9, 1934Giambrone had served as the boss of the St. Louis family from between 1912 and 1923. Giambrone had fled St. Louis and returned in April 1934, and was killed at the age of 58 in July 1934.[25][26]
Gaetano "Thomas" BuffaMarch 27, 1946During the 1940s, Buffa was appointed by the administration of the St. Louis family to oversee the rackets in St. Louis along with Tony Lopiparo. Buffa was killed at the age of 59, for testifying against the girlfriend of a member of the St. Louis family.
Joseph "Joe" BommaritoAugust 26, 1951Bommarito was shot and killed by Vito Cusumano as Bommarito had attempted to set up a rival produce hauling firm.[27]
George "Stormy" HarvillJanuary 21, 1966Harvill was shot and killed in St. Clair County, Illinois as he had attempted to seize control of Laborers' Local 42, St. Louis.[28]
Primo Frank "Larry" CauderaOctober 2, 1971Caudera operated several clubs from St. Louis to Las Vegas. Caudera was shot 6 times and killed, he was found in the trunk of his Cadillac vehicle in South St. Louis. On the 13th of October 1971, law enforcement arrested Anthony Giardano, John Vitale and James Giammanco, and charged them with the murder of Caudera.[29]
John Paul SpicaNovember 9, 1979Spica was an associate of Anthony Giordano, the boss of the St. Louis family at the time. Spica was also considered as a suspect in the April 1968 murder of Martin Luther King Jr. Spica was killed in a car bomb in his Cadillac vehicle.[30][31]
Frank ParrinoJuly 31, 1994Parrino was shot and killed at the age of 61, by Joseph Monti.[32]

See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Devico, pp. 197-202
  2. 1 2 Dietche, pp.150
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 May, Allan. "The St. Louis Family". Trutv.com. Archived from the original on June 4, 2012. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  4. 1 2 Machi, Mario; May, Allan; Molino, Charlie (1999). "St. Louis Family". Investigative Journalists. Rick Porrello's AmericanMafia.com. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Waugh, pp. 1-2
  6. ↑ Waugh, pp. 30
  7. ↑ Waugh, pp. 231-233
  8. ↑ Waugh, pp. 228-229
  9. ↑ Auble, pp. 105
  10. ↑ Waugh, pp. 30-62, 229-230.
  11. ↑ Waugh, pp. 64-139
  12. ↑ Waugh, pp. 139-240
  13. ↑ Waugh, pp. 231
  14. ↑ "Part I of the Leisure War: A Reason to Die" by Ronald J. Lawrence (CrimeMagazine.com)
  15. ↑ "1984_12_22_Stoneking Fake Robbery_p06". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. December 22, 1984. p. 6. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  16. ↑ "UNITED STATES v. BARTOLOTTA, 153 F.3d 875 | 8th Cir., Judgment, Law, casemine.com". www.casemine.com. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  17. ↑ "BOP: Federal Inmates By Name". www.bop.gov. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
  18. ↑ "St. Louis - Thistle Road". Thistle Road. Retrieved April 26, 2026.
  19. ↑ "St. Louis Gangsters Tony Russo & Vincent Spicuzza Killed". Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  20. ↑ "Full text of "St. Louis Post-Dispatch 1927-08-25: Vol 79 Iss 352"". Internet Archive. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  21. ↑ "Decatur Daily Newspaper Archives, Aug 25, 1927, p. 1". Newspaper Archive. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  22. ↑ "More on Killing of Alphonse Palazzolo (Sep. 10, 1927)". Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 24, 2026.
  23. ↑ "Double-crossing and death-dealing in St. Louis". The Mob Museum. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  24. ↑ "St. Louis Mafia Part 1". Gangland Wire. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  25. ↑ "St. Louis, Missouri". Sage. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  26. ↑ "A picturesque St. Louis ice rink and the not-so-serene realities beyond". St. Louis Magazine. Retrieved April 25, 2026.
  27. ↑ "Article clipped from St. Louis Post-Dispatch". Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 24, 2026.
  28. ↑ "People of the United States Ex Rel. John J. Rooney,petitioner-appellant, v. Vernon G. Housewright, Warden, Vienna Branch, Illinoisdepartment of Corrections, Respondent-appellee, 568 F.2d 516 (7th Cir. 1977)". Justia U.S. Law. Retrieved April 24, 2026.
  29. ↑ "If You're a Stiff or a Welsher, Don't Fly to Vegas "Give us action is all we ask. If you wanna play, play. If you don't, just go as a tourist …"". New York Magazine. Retrieved April 24, 2026.
  30. ↑ "United Press International". The New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2026.
  31. ↑ "11/08/1979 - Report #76 - Victim: John Paul Spica - Location: Richmond Heights, MO". Major Case Squad of Greater St. Louis. Retrieved April 24, 2026.
  32. ↑ "Article clipped from St. Louis Post-Dispatch". Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 24, 2026.

Bibliography

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  • DeVico, Peter J. The Mafia Made Easy: The Anatomy and Culture of La Cosa Nostra. Tate Publishing, 2007. ISBN 1-60247-254-8
  • Dietche, Scott M. The Everything Mafia Book: True Life Accounts of Legendary Figures, Infamous Crime Families, and Chilling Events, Everything Books, 2009. ISBN 978-1-59869-779-7
  • Waugh, Daniel. Gangs of St. Louis: Men of Respect. Charleston: The History Press, 2010. ISBN 978-1-59629-905-4
  • Auble, John. A History of St. Louis Gangsters: A Chronology of Mob Activity on Both Sides of the River Ranging from the Egan Rats to the Last Mob Leader on Record. The National Criminal Research Society. 2002. ISBN 097-1340-900
  • Bureau of Narcotics. The United States Treasury Department. Giancana, Sam. Mafia: The Government's Secret File on Organized Crime. Skyhorse Publishing, 2007. ISBN 978-1-60239-668-5
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