Shammar-Obaidi war (1814-1817)

In the 1800s, after the Al Obeidi, were kicked out of Najd, by the First Saudi state, they had Quickly established a presence in the Al-Jazira, and started to rival the influential Shammar tribe, and tensions had spiked quickly, as the Ottoman Empire, had tried to keep peace and control over Iraq through military alliances and negotiations with both the Sultans of the tribe.[1]

Shammari-Obaidi conflict (1814-1817)
Part of Mir Muhammad Rebellion and Arab revolts against the Ottoman Empire
Date1814-1817
Location
Al-Jazira, Modern Day Syria and Iraq
Result Al-Obeidi victory
Territorial
changes
Tikrit, Mosul and Fallujah ceded to the Al-Obaidi
Belligerents
Emirate of Jabal Shammar
Ottoman Empire
Al-Obeidi
Al-Muntafiq Emirate (limited support)
Soran Emirate (Defensively)
Commanders and leaders
Ottoman Empire Bashar Agha  
Ottoman Empire Ahmed Agha  
Emirate of Jabal Shammar Safuq al-Jarba  (WIA)
Sultan Obaid bin Jabr Al-Maktoum
Sa'adoun Al-Mustafa
Sheikh Khayyun al-Ubaid
Mir Muhammad
Casualties and losses
Heavy, Most weapons looted Heavy Moderate-Heavy

The Conflict

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Around 1814 The war had broken out between the Tribal Confederations, as the Conflict would consist of Raids and ambushes and counter raids and Ambushes, across all of the Jazira and northern Iraq, as the Ottomans would get involved in the Unrest, as they had struggled to contain it and keep the peace.[2][3]

The War had continued for Several years even Causing the deaths of 2 Commanders, Bashar and Ahmed Agha, until The Shammaris had Agreed to a treaty of them Losing Fallujah, Mosul and Tikrit to the Al Obeidi tribe.[4][5]

Aftermath

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The revolt had marked an important stage in Ottoman tribal politics, and the Rise of the Al Obeidi tribe in Northern Iraq, it also demonstrated the Continuing important of Tribal politics in Ottoman Iraq, where provincial authorities had Often Depended upon alliances with Major tribal Confederacys to maintain control.[6][7]

References

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  1. Kurt, Burcu (2021-01-01). "Keiko Kiyotaki, Ottoman Land Reform in the Province of Baghdad". Archivum Ottomanicum.
  2. "Wasfi Al-Assi appointed Emir of Al-Obaid tribe". Kirkuknow. Retrieved 2026-06-09.
  3. "Controversy over leadership of Al-Obaid Arab tribe". Kirkuknow. Retrieved 2026-06-09.
  4. Kiyotaki, Keiko (2019-05-15). Ottoman Land Reform in the Province of Baghdad. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-38434-7.
  5. Kiyotaki, Keiko (2019-09-15). ""Carrots or Stick, Ottoman Land Reform in Baghdad"". search.lib.uiowa.edu. Retrieved 2026-06-09.
  6. Dickson, H. R. P. (Harold Richard Patrick) (1949). The Arab of the desert : a glimpse into Badawin life in Kuwait and Sau'di Arabia. Internet Archive. London : George Allen & Unwin.
  7. Hogarth, D. G. (David George) (1922). Arabia. Robarts - University of Toronto. Oxford Clarendon Press.