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In various denominations of Christianity, some deceased Christians are recognized as saints. Some such saints are regarded as patron saints, or heavenly advocates, of certain locations.
Continents
edit
| Continent | Patron saint | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Asia | Francis Xavier[1] | John the Evangelist is the patron saint of Asia Minor, but not the entire continent.[2][3] |
| Africa | Moses the Black Our Lady of Africa |
Cyprian is patron saint of Africa, the Roman province (Tunisia), not the entire continent.[4] |
| The Americas |
The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Guadalupe)[5][6] |
|
| Antarctica | The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Snows)[10] John Bosco[11] |
|
| Europe | Benedict of Nursia[12][13] Cyril and Methodius[14][15] Bridget of Sweden[12] Catherine of Siena[12] Edith Stein (Teresa Benedicta of the Cross)[12] |
Benedict of Nursia is the main patron saint,[16] the others are considered co-patrons.[17] The Virgin Mary (It is believed the whole of Europe was granted protection under Our Lady of Europe in the 14th century[18]) |
| Oceania | Saint Paisios of Mount Athos (Australia) Peter Chanel[19] |
Geographical regions
editCountries
edit
This list only includes sovereign states. Subdivisions, such as the constituent countries of the United Kingdom, are listed below under "Administrative subdivisions".
Former countries
edit
Administrative subdivisions
editNote: Patron saints are likely to be related to fixed traditional regions, and not to the changing boundaries of administrative subdivisions.
Cities and towns
edit
Argentina
edit- Junín – Ignatius of Loyola
- Mar del Plata – Cecilia
Australia
editAustria
editAzerbaijan
editBangladesh
edit- Dinajpur – Francis Xavier
Belgium
editBosnia and Herzegovina
editBrazil
edit- Arraial do Cabo – Virgin of Los Remedios
- Brasília – John Bosco
- Belo Horizonte – Our Lady of Good Voyage, Ignatius of Loyola
- Florianópolis – Catherine of Alexandria
- Fortaleza – Our Lady of Assumption
- Niterói – John the Baptist
- Ouro Preto – Our Lady of the Pillar
- Paraty – Virgin of Los Remedios
- Ribeirão Preto – Sebastian
- Rio de Janeiro – Sebastian
- São Gonçalo do Sapucaí – Gundisalvus of Amarante
- São João del-Rei – Our Lady of the Pillar
- São Paulo – Paul the Apostle
- São Thomé das Letras – Thomas the Apostle
- Tiradentes – Anthony of Padua
- Ubatuba – Our Lady of the Conception
- Vitória – Our Lady of Victory
Canada
edit- Calgary – Demetrios
- Deschambault, Quebec – Joseph
- Halifax – John the Baptist
- Montreal – Mary
- Ottawa – Humbert of Maroilles
- St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador – John the Baptist
- Toronto – Michael
- Vancouver – Our Lady of the Rosary
- Winnipeg – Boniface
Colombia
edit- Barranquilla – Nicholas of Tolentino, Saint Roch
- Bogotá – Elizabeth of Hungary
- Bucaramanga – Immaculate Conception
- Buenaventura – Bonaventure
- Cali – James the Greater
- Cartagena – Peter Claver
- Cúcuta – Saint Joseph
- El Guamo – Saint Lucy
- Envigado – Gertrude the Great
- Ibagué – Saint Boniface
- Ipiales – Our Lady of Las Lajas
- Medellín – Virgin of Candelaria and Lawrence of Rome
- Mocoa – Michael
- Montería – Jerome
- Neiva – Immaculate Conception
- Pasto – Virgin of Mercy and John the Baptist
- Santa Fe de Antioquia – Saint Barbara
- Santa Marta – Martha
- Soacha – Bernardino of Siena
- Tunja – James the Greater
Croatia
editCuba
editCzech Republic
edit- Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav – Wenceslaus
- Březnice – Vitus
- Brušperk – George
- Brno – Saint Primitivus and Saint Constantius
- Česká Lípa – Peter and Paul
- České Budějovice – Saint Auratianus
- Český Brod – Gotthard of Hildesheim
- Český Těšín – Melchior Grodziecki
- Chomutov – Michael
- Davle – John the Baptist
- Dobřany – Vitus
- Frenštát pod Radhoštěm – Martin of Tours
- Hradec Králové – Clement of Rome
- Jindřichův Hradec – Hippolytus of Rome
- Moravský Krumlov – Florian
- Nepomuk – John of Nepomuk
- Olomouc – Paulina of Rome
- Písek – Pope Pius V
- Plzeň – Bartholomew
- Polná – Saint Ligorius
- Prague – John of Nepomuk, Wenceslaus
- Sázava – Procopius of Sázava
Denmark
editEcuador
edit- Guayaquil – James the Greater
- Loja – Sebastian
- Quito – Francis of Assisi
Egypt
editFrance
edit- Abbeville – Wulfram of Sens
- Albi – Cecilia
- Autun – Symphorian
- Avignon – Agricola of Avignon,[93] Benezet
- Baume-les-Messieurs, Fleury-sur-Loire – Drogo
- Besançon – Ferreolus and Ferrutio
- Dijon – Benignus of Dijon, Urban of Langres
- Saint-Fiacre – Fiacre
- Gap, Hautes-Alpes – Arnulph
- Limoges – Martial
- Lourdes – Bernadette of Lourdes
- Orléans – Joan of Arc
- Paris – Denis,[61] Genevieve
- Ploërmel – Saint Armel
- Plourin – Budoc
- Saint-Sève – Severus of Vienne
- Toulouse – Saturnin
- Tours – Gatianus of Tours, Martin of Tours
- Vannes – Paternus
Germany
edit- Aachen – Mary, Matthias
- Augsburg – Afra, Ulric
- Berlin – Saint Peter, Otto of Bamberg, Hedwig of Silesia
- Bonn – Cassius of Narni, Adelaide
- Bremen – Oscar
- Brunswick – Andrew, Auctor [de], Blaise, Christopher
- Cologne – Cunibert, Ursula
- Dresden – Benno
- Düsseldorf – Apollinaris of Ravenna
- Dormagen – Michael
- Hamburg – Oscar
- Hanover – Matthias
- Frankfurt am Main – Helen
- Freiburg im Breisgau – George
- Freising – Francis Xavier
- Koblenz – Mary
- Konstanz – Pelagius of Constance
- Lübeck – Nicholas
- Mainz – Alban of Mainz, Boniface
- Munich – Benno
- Münster – Ludger of Utrecht
- Nuremberg – Sebaldus
- Regensburg – Wolfgang, Emmeram
- Stuttgart – Christopher
- Trier – Maximinus, Peter
- Würzburg – Burchard of Würzburg
- Zeitz – Michael
Greece
edit- Agios Nikolaos, Crete – Nicholas
- Athens – Dionysius the Areopagite
- Cephallonia – Gerasimus of Cephallonia
- Corfu – Arsenius of Corfu, Spyridon
- Corinth – Dionysius of Corinth
- Giannitsa – St. Peter and St. Paul
- Heraklion – Menas
- Katerini – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Larissa – Achillius of Larissa
- Lefkada – Spyridon
- Patras – Andrew
- Piraeus – Spyridon
- Skiathos – Mary
- Skopelos – Riginos
- Sparta – Nikon the Metanoeite
- Syros – Nicholas
- Thessaloniki – Demetrius of Thessaloniki
- Tinos – Pelagia
- Zakynthos – Dionysios of Zakynthos
Haiti
editHonduras
editHungary
edit- Budapest – Peter the Apostle
- Dunakeszi – Michael
- Győr – Sebastian
- Szentendre – Andrew the Apostle
India
edit- Agartala – Francis Xavier
- Ahmedabad – Francis Xavier
- Bengaluru – Francis Xavier
- Bombay – Francis Xavier, Gonsalo Garcia
- Calcutta – Saint Teresa of Calcutta
- Kollam – Francis Xavier
- Kottar – Francis Xavier
- Madras – St.George
- Goa – Francis Xavier, Joseph Vaz
- Sivagangai – John de Britto
Ireland
edit- Clonmacnoise – Ciaran the Younger
- Cloyne – Colman of Cloyne
- Cork – Finbarr
- Dublin – Laurence O'Toole
- Fahan – Mura
- Ferns – Aeden of Ferns
- Kilbarry/Tarmonbarry – Saint Berach[94]
- Kilmallock, County Limerick – Mochelloc
- Limerick – Munchin
- Ross – Fachanan
Italy
edit- Abruzzi – Saint Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows
- Amalfi – Andrew the Apostle[63]
- Ancona – Judas Cyriacus
- Aosta – Gratus of Aosta
- Aquila – Maximus of Aquila
- Assisi – Francis of Assisi
- Bari – Nicholas, Sabinus
- Benevento – Arthelais, Barbatus of Benevento, Bartholomew
- Bergamo – Alexander of Bergamo
- Bologna – Saint Petronius
- Brescia – Faustinus and Jovita
- Brindisi – Lawrence of Brindisi
- Caltanissetta – Michael
- Capriate San Gervasio – Alexander of Bergamo[95]
- Castellabate – Constabilis
- Castelplanio – Joseph
- Catania – Agatha,[96] Aloysius Gonzaga[97]
- Cervignano d'Adda – Alexander of Bergamo[95]
- Colliano – Pope Leo X
- Como – Abundius
- Corato – Saint Catald
- Craco – Vincenzo Martyr
- Cuneo – Michael
- Fabriano – Adrian of Nicomedia[98]
- Ferrara – George
- Florence – John the Baptist, Joseph, Zenobius
- Fonte Nuova – Joseph
- Genoa – George, John the Baptist, Syrus of Genoa
- Grosseto – Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia[98]
- Imperia – Leonard of Port Maurice
- La Spezia – Joseph
- Ladispoli – Joseph
- Lecce – Bernardino Realino
- Lecco – Nicholas
- Macchia Valfortore – Nicholas
- Matelica – Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia[98]
- Messina – Aloysius Gonzaga[97]
- Milan – Ambrose
- Modica, Sicily – George
- Muro Lucano – Saint Gerard Majella
- Naples – Agnellus, Aloysius Gonzaga,[97] Alphonsus Maria de Liguori,[97] Andrew Avellino, James of the Marches, Januarius, John IV, Bishop of Naples, Patricia of Naples
- Nocera Inferiore – Prisque of Nocera
- Nocera Umbra – Raynald of Nocera
- Orvieto – Joseph
- Otranto – Antonio Primaldo and his Companion Martyrs
- Pagani, Campania – Our Lady of the Hens, Alphonsus Liguori
- Palermo – Agatha of Sicily, Benedict the Black, Rosalia
- Pavia, Italy – Syrus of Pavia (Siro), Theodore of Pavia
- Padua – Anthony of Padua
- Pescia – Abdon and Sennen[99]
- Pisa – Rainerius
- Ponza – Silverius
- Querceta, Seravezza – Joseph
- Randazzo – Joseph
- Reggio Calabria – George
- Reggio Emilia – Prosper of Reggio
- Ripacandida – Donatus
- Rome – Lawrence, Martina of Rome, Philip Neri, Paul, Peter, Sebastian, Ignatius of Loyola
- Sant'Agata de' Goti – Alphonsus Maria de Liguori[97]
- Salerno – Matthew the Apostle[100]
- Siena – Ansanus the Baptizer, Ambrose Sansedoni of Siena
- Sorrento – Antoninus of Sorrento
- Spadafora – Joseph
- Syracuse – Lucy of Syracuse
- Taranto – Catald
- Trapani – Albert of Trapani[101]
- Trieste – Justus of Trieste
- Turin – John the Baptist, Joseph, Maximus of Turin, Octavius, Solutor
- Urbino – Crescentinus
- Venice – Mark the Evangelist[74] George, Theodore of Amasea
- Veroli – Mary Salome
- Verona – Zeno of Verona
- Volperino, Foligno – Maro
Kenya
edit- Kisumu – Thérèse of Lisieux
Lebanon
edit- Beirut – George
- Zahlé – Prophet Elias
- Zgharta – Virgin Mary, Saydet Zgharta
Lithuania
editMadagascar
edit- Antananarivo – Joseph
- Antsiranana – Francis Xavier
Malta
edit- Birgu – Lawrence
- Birkirkara – Anthony of Padua, Saint Helena, Joseph, Our Lady of Mount Carmel
- Birzebbugia – Peter
- Isla – Santa Maria Bambina, Christ the Redeemer
- Kalkara – Joseph
- Luqa – Andrew
- Marsaskala – Anne
- Mdina – Paul the Apostle's Conversion
- Msida – Joseph
- Qala – Joseph
- Qormi – Saint George
- Siġġiewi – Nicholas
- Ta' Xbiex – St. John of the Cross
- Valletta – Saint Augustine, Saint Dominic, Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Paul the Apostle
- Victoria, Gozo – George
- Xewkija, Gozo – John the Baptist
- Zejtun – Catherine of Alexandria
- Zurrieq – Catherine of Alexandria
Mexico
editMontenegro
editNetherlands
edit- Aalsum – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Alkmaar – Lawrence
- Amersfoort – George
- Amsterdam – Nicholas
- Dordrecht – Mary
- Gouda – John the Baptist
- Groningen – Walburga, Martin of Tours
- Haarlem – Bavo
- Kerkrade – Barbara
- Maastricht – Servatius of Tongeren, Amand of Maastricht
- Nijmegen – Stephen
- The Hague – Gabriel
- Utrecht – Martin of Tours
- Winschoten – Vitus
- Zutphen – Walburga
Nicaragua
edit- Managua – Theophilus of Antioch
Norway
editPeru
edit- Arequipa – Theophilus of Antioch
- Cusco – Anthony of Padua, Sebastian
- Piura – John Bosco
- Pucallpa – Sebastian
Philippines
edit
- Abuyog – Francis Xavier
- Alegria – Francis Xavier
- Antipolo – Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage, St. Thérèse of Lisieux
- Arayat – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Bagac – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Bacolod – Saint Sebastian
- Baguio – Our Lady of Atonement
- Bantay, Ilocos Sur – Saint Augustine, Our Lady of Charity
- Borbon, Cebu – Saint Sebastian
- Bulacan – Saint Paschal Baylon, Saint Claire Of Assisi, Our Lady Of Salambao, Our Lady Of Queen And Patroness Of Paombong
- Cabatuan, Iloilo – Nicholas of Tolentino
- Cabuyao – Polycarp, Joseph the Worker
- Cagayan de Oro – Augustine of Hippo
- Calatagan – Dominic of Silos
- Calamba, Laguna – John the Baptist
- Caloocan – Roch
- Capas – Nicholas of Tolentino[102]
- Carcar – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Catbalogan – Philip Neri
- Cavite City – Our Lady of Solitude of Porta Vaga, Roch
- Cebu – Our Lady of Guadalupe, Pedro Calungsod
- Davao City – Peter The Apostle
- Dumaguete – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Gerona – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Indang, Cavite – Gregory The Great
- Iloilo City – Our Lady of the Candles
- Las Piñas – Joseph, Our Lady Of The Pillar
- Lemery, Batangas – Roch
- Leon – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Lian, Batangas – John the Baptist
- Lumban – Sebastian
- Makati – Saints Peter and Paul the Apostles, Our Lady of Guadalupe, John Bosco
- Malabon – Saint Bartholomew, Immaculate Conception
- Mandaluyong – Philip Neri, Dominic Savio
- Manila – The Immaculate Conception, Lorenzo Ruiz, Virgin of Montserrat, Andrew The Apostle
- Marikina – Our Lady of the Abandoned
- Muntinlupa – Our Lady of the Abandoned
- Noveleta – Holy Cross, Helena of Constantinople, Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage
- Naga City – Our Lady of Peñafrancia
- Nasugbu – Francis Xavier
- Obando, Bulacan – Our Lady of Salambao, Pascal Baylon, Claire of Assisi
- Pagbilao – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Parañaque – Andrew The Apostle, Our Lady of Good Event, Mary Help Of Christians, John Bosco, Sto. Niño De Parañaque, Dominic Savio, Laura Vicuña, Francis Of Assisi
- Pasay – Claire of Assisi, Thérèse of Lisieux
- Pasig – Immaculate Conception
- Pateros – Martha, Roch
- Porac – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Pulilan – Isidore the Laborer[103]
- Quezon City – Our Lady of La Naval de Manila
- Santa – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Santa Catalina – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- Santa Catalina – St. Catherine of Alexandria
- San Juan, Batangas – John the Baptist
- San Juan – John the Baptist
- San Marcelino, Zambales – Isidore the Laborer
- Santa Teresita, Batangas – Thérèse of Lisieux
- Sulat, Eastern Samar – Ignatius of Loyola
- Surigao City – Nicholas of Tolentino
- Tanza, Cavite – Holy Cross, Augustine of Hippo
- Taal, Batangas – Martin of Tours
- Tagaytay, Cavite– Our Lady of Lourdes
- Taguig – Anne
- Tagum – Christ the King
- Tandag – Nicholas of Tolentino
- Tarlac City – Sebastian[104]
- Taytay – St. John the Baptist
- Tayum – St. Catherine of Alexandria
Poland
edit- Bydgoszcz – Martin of Tours
- Cracow – Faustina, Stanislaus of Szczepanów
- Markowa – Dorothy, Józef and Wiktoria Ulma with Seven Children
- Częstochowa – Mary
- Jastrzębie-Zdrój – John of Nepomuk
- Łódź – Faustina
- Poznań – Peter, Paul
- Warsaw – Andrew Bobola, Faustina, Władysław of Gielniów
- Wrocław – John the Baptist
Portugal
editRomania
editRussia
editRwanda
editSerbia
edit- Belgrade – Jesus (as the Holy Saviour),[106] Demetrius,[107] Theophilus of Antioch
- Sremska Mitrovica – Demetrius[108] and Methodius
- Kragujevac – George
- Leskovac – Holy Trinity
- Niš – Procopius[109]
- Novi Sad – George
- Prizren – George
- Arilje – Achillius
- Požarevac – Holy Trinity
- Svilajnac – Constantine, Helena
Slovakia
editSlovenia
editSouth Africa
editSpain
edit- Alcalá de Henares – Justus, Pastor
- Andalusia – Saint Luke
- Barakaldo – Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Vincent of Saragossa
- Barcelona – Eulalia, Raymond of Penyafort
- Calahorra – Emeterius and Celedonius
- Candeleda – Bernard of Valdeiglesias
- Cartagena – Modestus
- Cordoba – Acisclus[110]
- Extremadura – Peter of Alcantara
- Granada, Spain – Caecilius of Elvira
- Jaén – Saint Luke
- Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) – Anne
- Madrid – Eustace, Isidore the Laborer, Justus, Pastor
- Mallorca – Alphonsus Rodriguez -[111]
- Sahagun – Abdon[99]
- San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Canary Islands) – Christopher
- Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands) – James the Greater
- Santander – Emeterius and Celedonius
- Santiago de Compostela – James the Greater
- Segovia – St. John of the Cross
- Sestao – Peter
- Seville, Spain – Ferdinand III of Castile, Justa
- Tarragona – Santa Tecla Gloriosa, mare dels tarragonins, Saint Maginus
- Toledo – Leocadia
- Valencia – Vincent Martyr
- Zamarramala – Agatha of Sicily
- Zaragoza – La Pilarica, Saint Valerius
Sri Lanka
editSweden
editSyria
editTanzania
editTurkey
editUkraine
editUnited Kingdom
edit- Aberdeen – Machar, Nicholas, Our Lady of Aberdeen
- Abingdon-on-Thames – Edmund of Abingdon, Helen
- Bampton, Oxfordshire – Beornwald
- Bodmin – Petroc
- Boston – Botulph
- Bristol – Jordan of Bristol
- Buckingham – Rumwold
- Caerleon – Cadog
- Canterbury – Augustine of Canterbury, Thomas Becket
- Cardiff – Teilo, Piran
- Chester – Werburgh
- Chichester – Richard of Chichester
- Colchester – Helen of Constantinople
- Crowland – Guthlac
- Derby – Alcmund of Derby
- Dorchester-on-Thames – Birinus
- Droitwich – Richard of Chichester
- Dumfries – Michael
- Dundee – Mary
- Durham – Cuthbert of Lindisfarne
- Edinburgh – Giles
- Ely – Etheldreda
- Exeter – Sidwell
- Glasgow – Kentigern, Theneva (St Enoch)
- Greenwich – Alfege
- Hereford – Thomas Cantilupe
- Holywell – Winifred
- Jarrow – Bede[112]
- Leicester – Martin of Tours[113]
- Lichfield – Chad of Mercia
- Lincoln – Mary, Hugh of Lincoln
- Linlithgow – Michael
- Liverpool – Nicholas
- Llandeilo Fawr – Teilo
- Llantwit Major – Illtud
- London – Erkenwald, George, Mellitus, Michael, Paul the Apostle
- Malmesbury – Aldhelm
- Northampton – Crispin
- Newport – Gwynllyw the Bearded
- Oxford – Frideswide
- Padstow – Piran
- Paisley – Mirin, James the Greater, Our Lady of Paisley
- Perranporth – Piran
- Perth – John the Baptist
- Portsmouth – Thomas Becket, Nicholas
- Preston, Lancashire – St Wilfrid
- Reading – James the Greater
- Ripon – Wilfrid
- St. Albans – Alban
- St Andrews – Andrew
- St. Brides Wentloog – Brigit of Kildare (Welsh: Ffraid)
- St. Davids – David (Dewi Sant)
- St. Helier, Jersey – Helier
- St. Peter Port, Guernsey – Peter
- Salisbury – Osmund
- Shrewsbury – Winifred
- Stafford – Beorhthelm[114]
- Steyning – Cuthman
- Sunderland – Benedict Biscop[115]
- Tyne and Wear – Bede
- Winchcombe – Kenelm
- Winchester – Swithun
- Worcester – Oswald of Worcester, Wulfstan
- Wrexham – Richard Gwyn
- York – Peter, William of York
United States
edit- Acoma Pueblo – James the Greater
- Arlington, Virginia – Thomas More
- Baltimore, Maryland – Immaculate Conception
- Boston, Massachusetts – Patrick
- Cheyenne, Wyoming – Thérèse of Lisieux
- Detroit, Michigan – Anne
- Fresno, California – Thérèse of Lisieux
- Green Bay, Wisconsin – Francis Xavier
- Indianapolis, Indiana – Francis Xavier
- Joliet, Illinois – Francis Xavier
- Kalamazoo, Michigan – Augustine of Hippo
- Key West, Florida – Francis Xavier
- Las Vegas, Nevada – Paul the Apostle
- Los Angeles, California– Our Lady, Queen of Angels
- New Orleans, Louisiana – Joan of Arc
- New York City – Nicholas
- Pueblo, Colorado – Thérèse of Lisieux
- Ruskin, Florida – Anne
- Saint Paul, Minnesota – Paul the Apostle
- San Antonio, Texas – Anthony of Padua
- San Diego, California – Didacus of Alcalá
- San Francisco, California – Francis of Assisi
- Santa Fe, New Mexico – Francis of Assisi
- Santa Rosa, California – Rose of Lima
- Seattle, Washington – James the Greater
- St. Augustine, Florida – Augustine of Hippo
- St. Louis, Missouri – Louis
- St. Petersburg, Florida – Saint Jude
- Superior, Wisconsin – Augustine of Hippo
- Taos, New Mexico – Anne, John the Apostle
- Thibodaux, Louisiana – Valeria of Milan
- Tucson, Arizona – Augustine of Hippo
Venezuela
editExtraterrestrial locations
edit.jpg)
| Location | Patron saint | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Outer space | Joseph of Cupertino | Because of his ability to levitate, Joseph of Cupertino is the patron saint of astronauts.[116] |
| Moon | Mary, mother of Jesus | Mary is the patroness saint of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Orlando,[117] which Bishop William Donald Borders claimed included the moon due to a technicality in the 1917 Code of Canon Law which supposedly expanded the diocese's territory to include the moon following the flight of Apollo 11.[118][119][120] |
See also
edit
References
edit- ↑ Lloyd, John; Mitchinson, John; Harkin, James; Murray, Andrew Hunter (29 September 2015). QI: The Third Book of General Ignorance. Faber & Faber. ISBN 9780571309009 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Foley, Michael P. (17 March 2020). Drinking with Your Patron Saints: The Sinner's Guide to Honoring Namesakes and Protectors. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781684510474 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Schroedel, Jenny (17 July 2007). The Everything Saints Book: The Inspiring Lives of Martyrs and Miracle Workers Throughout History. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781605502533 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Wilhite, David E. (14 July 2017). Ancient African Christianity: An Introduction to a Unique Context and Tradition. Routledge. ISBN 9781135121419 – via Google Books.
- 1 2 Walsh, p. 6.
- 1 2 Walsh, p. 13.
- ↑ "Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Rose of Lima". www.newadvent.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 Clement X, Pope (11 August 1670). "Bull Sacrosancti Apostolatus Cura". § 3: Bullarium Romanum, 26VII, 42.
(Latin text) declaram, &principaliorem Patronam omnium, & singularum Provinciarum, Regnorum, Insularum, & Regionaum Terrae firmae totius Americae, Phillipinarum, & Indiarum, cum eisdem praerogativis dicta autoritate tenore praefentium eligimus pariter, & declaramus
(translation) "...I, Clement, (..) proclaim Blessed Rosa de Santa Maria as the principal patroness of each and every province, country, island and area of the entire land of the Americas, the Philippines and the Indies, with the same prerogatives of the designated authority, we declare." - ↑ "Holy Hermit St Herman of Alaska". Holy Hermits Online. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
- ↑ "Thames Windows". www.peninsula.faithweb.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- ↑ "Church in Antarctica – W.A.P." www.waponline.it. 2 May 2024. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 Bunson, p. 214.
- ↑ "St. Benedict and the key to European unity". CatholicCulture.org. 9 April 2008. Archived from the original on 3 May 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2014.
- ↑ Jones, Terry. "Methodius". Patron Saints Index. Archived from the original on 19 February 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
- ↑ "Egregiae Virtutis". Archived from the original on 4 January 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009. Apostolic letter of Pope John Paul II, 31 December 1980 (in Latin)
- ↑ "Abbazia MC Official site". www.abbaziamontecassino.org. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ↑ "Patrons of Europe". www.isidor.se. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
- ↑ "Gibraltar Our Lady of Europa 20p". www.westminstercollection.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Walsh, p. 15.
- ↑ M. Limberis, Vasiliki (2011). Architects of Piety: The Cappadocian Fathers and the Cult of the Martyrs. Oxford University Press. p. 164. ISBN 9780190208684.
- ↑ Staff Writers (24 January 2013). "St Mary of the Cross MacKillop Named Second Patron of Australia". Archived from the original on 5 October 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- 1 2 Walsh, p. 3.
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This would also explain how St Gregory came to be the patron saint of Bosnia in 1461 (AB, p. 244). Thus we conclude that at least some Bosnians celebrated a family saint, the slava, and also some, like the Sankovici, honored the saints, ...
- ↑ Dennis Cove; Ian Westwell (January 2002). History of World War I. Marshall Cavendish. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-7614-7231-5.
... was scheduled for June 28. This was a significant date for both Princip the archduke. It was the day of St. Vitus, the patron saint of Serbia,
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Mary, the Mother of God, is the patroness of the Diocese of Orlando and we seek her intercession so that our efforts to share the Good News of Jesus Christ, form leaders, harmonize ministries and enkindle deeper faith will be blessed by God.
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