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Muhammad Azeem Barkhiya

Imam Hassan Ukhra Muhammad Azeem Barkhiya (1898 – 27 January 1979) (Urdu: امام حسن اخرٰی محمد عظیم برخیا), commonly referred to as Qalandar Baba Auliya[1] (قلندر بابا اولیاء), was the founding Imam and originator of the Tariqa Azeemiyya, his spiritual lineage.[2] The title Qalandar reflects his recognized authority in Tasawwuf, and he is also regarded as an Abdāl, commonly known by the honorific "Abdāl Haqq" (ابدال حق).[3] He received supervision in spiritual matters by his maternal grandfather, Tajuddin Baba, who oversaw his early spiritual development for nine years.[4] Later, he was granted khilafat through bay'ah with Abul Faiz Qalandar Ali Suhrawardi, a Pakistani Sufi figure of the Suhrawardiyya order whose shrine is in Hanjarwal, Lahore. [5]

Hazrat Qalandar Baba Auliya
Muhammad Azeem Barkhiya
حسن اخریٰ محمد عظیم برخیا قلندر بابا اولیاء
TitleQalandar Baba Auliya
Personal life
Bornc. 1898 CE
Khurja, British India
Died27 January 1979 CE
Karachi, Pakistan
Resting placeShadman Town, Karachi, Pakistan
Home townDelhi (later settled in Karachi)
Era20th century
RegionSouth Asia
Main interest(s)Sufism, spiritual science, metaphysics
Notable work(s)
  • لوح و قلم (Loh-o-Qalam) – spiritual/metaphysical teachings
  • رباعیات (Rubaiyat) – mystical poetry
Known forFounder of the Azeemia Sufi Order and teachings on Roohani science
Religious life
ReligionIslam
OrderSufi
TariqaSilsila Azeemiyya (founder)
Muslim leader
SuccessorShamsuddin Azeemi
Disciples

Muhammad Azeem Barkhiya traced both his paternal and maternal ancestry to Imam Hasan al-Askari.[5] He taught that the various Sufi orders in the world constitute diverse paths toward irfan culminating in 'ilm ladunni (علم لدنی) that is granted directly from Prophet Muhammad in his court.[5] Loh-o-Qalam (لوح و قلم), a compilation of his teachings, is regarded in Azeemiyya tradition as an important work on the attainment of irfan and mainly concerns the metaphysics of the senses including the significance of dreams and the perception of reality.[6] Accounts of mystical experiences attributed to him are recorded in Tazkirah Qalandar Baba Awliya. [5]

Affiliation with Sufi Orders

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Azeemiyya tradition maintains that Muhammad Azeem Barkhiya was designated the principal spiritual heir (خانوادہ) of eleven distinct Sufi orders from historical masters. This authority is believed to have been conferred through the Nisbah Uwaisiyya (نسبت اویسیہ), a non-physical mode of transmission where spiritual succession and permission are granted directly by masters who lived centuries prior. The eleven lineages associated with this transmission are: [5]

Death and Succession

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He appointed Khawaja Shamsuddin Azeemi as head of the Silsila, and passed on 27 January 1979. Every January, his Urs (Death Anniversary) is organized in which members of the Silsila congregate to recite the Quran and commemorate his contributions on matters of Tassawuf.[7] His resting place is located in the Shadman district of Karachi, Pakistan.[5]

References

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  1. ↑ Accessions List, South Asia. Vol. 4. Library of Congress. 1984. p. 399.
  2. ↑ Merin Shobhana Xavier (2023). The Dervishes of the North; Rumi, Whirling, and the Making of Sufism in Canada. University of Toronto Press. p. 373. ISBN 9781487545468.
  3. ↑ Azeemi, Khawaja Shamsuddin (2009). Tazkira Qalandar Baba Auliya (in Urdu). Karachi, Pakistan: Maktaba Tajuddeen Baba Auliya. pp. 13–20.
  4. ↑ "Sufi Saints – Khizria Sufi Order". khizriasufiorder.org. Retrieved 10 March 2026.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Azeemi, Khawaja Shamsuddin (2009). Tazkira Qalandar Baba Auliya (in Urdu). Karachi, Pakistan: Maktaba Tajuddeen Baba Auliya, Karachi. pp. 98–99.
  6. ↑ Qalandar Baba Auliya. "Loh-o-Qalam".
  7. ↑ Waqar Yusuf Azimi (23 January 2017). "Muhammad Azim Barkhia" (in Urdu). Express News. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
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