Wikipedia

List of primates by population

This is a list of primate species by estimated global population. This list is not comprehensive as not all primates have had their numbers quantified.

Unless specified in the Notes section, primary population values given are for number of mature individuals.

Common name Binomial name Population Status Trend Notes Image
Hainan black crested gibbon

(Hainan gibbon)

 Nomascus hainanus10[1]CR[1]Steady[1]Population was estimated at over 2,000 in the late 1950s. Current total population is estimated to be more than 25 individuals.[1]
Cat Ba langur

(Cat Ba hooded black leaf monkey)

 Trachypithecus poliocephalus30-35[2]CR[2]Increase[2]Total confirmed population (2016) is 51-54 individuals.[2]
Eastern black crested gibbon

(Cao-vit gibbon)

 Nomascus nasutus45–47[3]CR[3]Decrease[3]Previously thought to be possibly extinct, rediscovered in 2002. Total population is estimated to be 129 individuals.[3]
Golden bamboo lemurHapalemur aureus50-249[4]CR[4]Decrease[4]Total population is estimated to be 600–1,000 individuals.[4]
Tonkin snub-nosed monkeyRhinopithecus avunculus80-100[5]CR[5]Decrease[5]Total population is estimated to be 200-250 individuals.[5]
Barbara Brown's titi monkey

(Blond titi monkey)

Callicebus barbarabrownae100-250[6]CR[6]Decrease[6]Total population is estimated to be less than 1,000 individuals.[6]
Tana River mangabeyCercocebus galeritus100-1,000[7]CR[7]Decrease[7]Total population is estimated to be 1,000 individuals.[7]
Perrier's sifakaPropithecus perrieri125[8]CR[8]Decrease[8]Total population is estimated to be less than 500 individuals.[8]
Popa langur Trachypithecus popa 135–176[9]CR[9] Decrease[9] Values given are for mature individuals.[9]
Gray snub-nosed monkeyRhinopithecus brelichi200[10]CR[10]Decrease[10]Total population is estimated to be 750 individuals.[10]
Raffles' banded langur Presbytis femoralis 200–250[11] CR[11] Decrease[11] Total population is estimated to be "only a few hundred individuals."[11]
Sarawak surili

(Bornean banded langur)

Presbytis chrysomelas200–500[12]CR[12]Decrease[12]Values given are for total population.[12]
White-headed langur

(White-headed black langur)

 Trachypithecus leucocephalus 230-250[13]CR[13] Decrease[13] Total population is estimated to be 600 individuals.[13]
Delacour's langurTrachypithecus delacouri234-275[14]CR[14] Decrease[14] Values given are for total population.[14]
Arunachal macaqueMacaca munzala240-250[15]EN[15]Decrease[15]Total population is at least 569 individuals.[15]
Silky sifakaPropithecus candidus249[16]CR[16]Decrease[16]Value given is a maximum estimate for number of mature individuals.[16]
Superagüi lion tamarin

(Black-faced lion tamarin)

Leontopithecus caissara250[17]CR[17]Decrease[17]Total population is estimated to be, at maximum, 400 individuals.[17]
Black lion tamarinLeontopithecus chrysopygus> 250[18]EN[18]Decrease[18]Total population is estimated to be 1,600 individuals.
Coimbra Filho's titiCallicebus coimbrai250-2,499[19]EN[19]Decrease[19]Total population is estimated to be 4,500 individuals.[19]
Mentawai langurPresbytis potenziani300–1,200[20]CR[20]Decrease[20]Values given are for total population.[20]
Myanmar snub-nosed monkeyRhinopithecus strykeri350-400[21]CR[21]Decrease[21]Total population is estimated to be less than 950 individuals.[21]
Greater bamboo lemurProlemur simus500[22] CR[22] Decrease[22] Total population is estimated to be approximately 1,000 individuals.
Blond capuchin

(Blonde capuchin)

 Cebus flavius500[23] EN[23] Decrease[23]
Gray-shanked doucPygathrix cinerea550–700[24]CR[24]Decrease[24]Values given are for total population.[24]
Northern muriquiBrachyteles hypoxanthus< 1,000[25]CR[25]Decrease[25]Value given is for total population.[25]
Black snub-nosed monkeyRhinopithecus bieti< 1,000[26]EN[26]Decrease[26]Total population is estimated to be less than 2,000 individuals.[26]
Southern muriquiBrachyteles arachnoides1,100-1,200[27]CR[27]Decrease[27]Values given are for total population.[27]
KipunjiRungwecebus kipunji1,117[28]EN[28] Decrease[28] Value given is for total population.[28]
Sanje mangabeyCercocebus sanjei1,300-3,500[29]EN[29]Decrease[29]Values given are for total population.[29]
Siau Island tarsierTarsius tumpara1,358–12,470[30]CR[30] Decrease[30] Values given are for total population.[30]
Golden lion tamarinLeontopithecus rosalia1,400[31]EN[31]Decrease[31]Total wild population is estimated to be 3,700 individuals. 372 individuals are currently held in captivity.[31]
Kashmir gray langurSemnopithecus ajax1,400-1,500[32]EN[32]Decrease[32]Values are a maximum estimate for number of mature individuals.[32]
Black crested gibbonNomascus concolor1,500[33]CR[33]Decrease[33]Value given is for mature individuals.[33]
Sangihe tarsierTarsius sangirensis1,505–2,795[34]EN[34]Decrease[34]Values given are for total population; do not include "brush" habitat of unknown suitability. If this species does inhabit this habitat, upper bound could be as high as 52,734 individuals.[34]
Cotton-top tamarin

(Cotton-headed tamarin)

Saguinus oedipus2,000[35]CR[35]Decrease[35]Total population is estimated to be 7,400 individuals.[35]
François' langur Trachypithecus francoisi 2,000–2,100[36]EN[36] Decrease[36] Estimate for mature individuals.[36]
Red slender lorisLoris tardigradus2,000-2,250[37]EN[37]Decrease[37]Total population is estimated to be less than 2,650 individuals.[37]
Pagai Island macaqueMacaca pagensis2,100–3,700[38]CR[38]Decrease[38]Values given are for mature individuals. Numbered 15,000 in 1980.[38]
Javan suriliPresbytis comata2,300–5,500[39] VU[39] Decrease[39] Total population is estimated to be 5,000–12,000 individuals.[39]
Javan fuscous leaf monkey Presbytis fredericae 2,300-7,800[40]VU[40] Decrease[40] Total population is estimated to be 5,000–17,000 individuals.[40]

Some taxonomists classify this species as a subspecies of Javan surili.[41]
Lion-tailed macaqueMacaca silenus2,400-2,500[42]EN[42]Decrease[42]Total population is estimated to be 4,000 individuals.[42]
Indochinese gray langur Trachypithecus crepusculus 2,400–2,500[43] EN[43] Decrease[43] Values given are for mature individuals.[43]
Golden-headed lion tamarinLeontopithecus chrysomelas< 2,500[44]EN[44]Decrease[44]Value given is most recent estimate for number of mature individuals.[44]
Lac Alaotra bamboo lemur

(Alaotra reed lemur)

 Hapalemur alaotrensis2,500[45]CR[45]Decrease[45]Value given is for total population.[45]
Eastern gorillaGorilla beringei 2,600[46] CR[46] Decrease[46] Total population is estimated to be less than 5,000 individuals. As of 2015, subspecies populations for eastern lowland gorillas (G. b. graueri) and mountain gorillas (G. b. beringei) are 3,800 and 1,000 individuals, respectively.[46]
Silvery gibbonHylobates moloch4,000-4,500[47]EN[47]Decrease[47]Values given are for total population from 2008 IUCN Assessment.[48] Current IUCN Assessment does not provide a population estimate.[47]
Golden-crowned sifakaPropithecus tattersalli4,000-5,000[49]CR[49]Decrease[49]Total population is estimated to be 11,000-26,000 individuals.[49]
Siberut macaqueMacaca siberu4,639–18,438[50]EN[50]Decrease[50]Values given are estimate for total population living in Siberut National Park. Total population is almost certainly slightly higher.[50]
Zanzibar red colobusProcolobus kirkii5,862[51]EN[51]Decrease[51]Value given is for total population.[51]
Gee's golden langurTrachypithecus geei6,000–6,500[52]EN[52]Decrease[52]Values given are for mature individuals.[52]
Muna-Buton macaque

(Buton macaque)

 Macaca brunnescens 6,221–18,435[53] VU[53] Decrease[53] Values given are an estimate of total population from 2007.[53]
Pig-tailed langur

(Pig-tailed snub-nosed langur)

Simias concolor6,700–17,300[54]CR[54]Decrease[54]Values given are an estimate of total population from 2006.[54]
Gray-headed lemur

(White-collared lemur)

Eulemur cinereiceps7,265[55]CR[55]Decrease[55]Maximum total population estimate for the year 2000 was 7,265±2,268. Population is now expected to be much lower.[55]
Madame Berthe's mouse lemurMicrocebus berthae8,000[56]CR[56]Decrease[56]Value given is a maximum estimate of total population from 2005.[56]
Natuna Island suriliPresbytis natunae9,000[57]VU[57]Decrease[57]Total population is estimated to be less than 10,000 individuals.[57]
Nilgiri langurSemnopithecus johnii9,500-10,000[58]VU[58]Steady[58]Total population is estimated to be less than 20,000 individuals.[58]
Moor macaqueMacaca maura< 10,000[59]EN[59]Decrease[59]Total population is unknown, having last been estimated as less than 10,000 individuals in 1999.[59]
Siberut langur Presbytis siberu 11,014–27,439[60]EN[60] Decrease[60] Values given are estimate for total population living in Siberut National Park. Total population is almost certainly slightly higher.[60]
Sumatran orangutanPongo abelii13,846[61]CR[61]Decrease[61]Value given is an estimate of total population.[61]
Barbary macaqueMacaca sylvanus15,000[62]EN[62]Decrease[62]Value given is an estimate of total population in 1999; may be an underestimate.[62]
BonoboPan paniscus15,000–20,000[63]EN[63]Decrease[63]Values given are a minimum estimate for total population.[63]
Northern giant mouse lemurMirza zaza16,500–177,500[64]VU[64]Decrease[64]Values given are for total population, assuming different rates of habitat occupancy.[64]
Kloss's gibbonHylobates klossii17,500[65]EN[65]Decrease[65]Value given is for total population.[65]
Capped langur Trachypithecus pileatus 18,600[66] VU[66] Decrease[66] Values given is for total population.[66]
Golden snub-nosed monkeyRhinopithecus roxellana20,000[67]EN[67]Decrease[67] Value given is an estimate of total population, compiled from estimates of three subspecies.[67]
Red-eared guenon

(Red-eared monkey)

Cercopithecus erythrotis20,000[68]VU[68]Decrease[68]Value given is an estimate of total population from 2008 IUCN estimate.[69] Current IUCN estimate does not provide a population estimate.[68]
Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset

(Black-crowned dwarf marmoset)

 Callibella humilis30,000[70]LC[70]?[70]Population was estimated to be 10,000 individuals 2003. However, range is now known to be 3x larger than this estimate supposed, leading to current estimate of at least 30,000 individuals.[70]
Udzungwa red colobusProcolobus gordonorum30,000–40,000[71]VU[71]Decrease[71]Values given are for total population.[71]
Bornean orangutanPongo pygmaeus47,000–104,700[72]CR[72]Decrease[72]Values given are for total population; lower arm is projected 2025 population.[72]
Müller's gibbon

(Bornean gibbon)

 Hylobates muelleri80,000-100,000[73]EN[73]Decrease[73]Values given are for total population.[73]
Heck's macaque Macaca hecki 100,000[74]VU[74] Decrease[74] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[74]
Japanese macaqueMacaca fuscata114,431[75] LC[76] Steady[76] IUCN Assessment does not provide a population estimate.[76]
Tonkean macaque Macaca tonkeana 150,000[77]VU[77] Decrease[77] Value given is for total population.[77]
Booted macaque Macaca ochreata 180,000[78]VU[78] Decrease[78] Value given is an estimate for total population from 2001.[78]
Western gorillaGorilla gorilla316,000[79]CR[79]Decrease[79]Value given is the projected total population of G. g. gorilla circa 2018. Subspecies G. g. diehli is expected to have only a few hundred individuals.[79]
ChimpanzeePan troglodytes345,000–470,000[80]EN[80]Decrease[80]Values given are an estimate of total population, determined by adding populations of four subspecies:[80]
  • P. t. ellioti (6,000-9,000 individuals)
  • P. t. schweinfurthii (181,000-256,000 individuals)
  • P. t. troglodytes (140,000 individuals)
  • P. t. verus (18,000-65,000 individuals)
Crab-eating macaque

(Long-tailed macaque)

 Macaca fascicularis904,638[81] EN[81] Decrease[81] Value given is an estimate of total population, determined by country-specific analyses of threats and rate of decline. See supplementary material on IUCN Assessment for further details.[81]
Senegal bushbaby

(Northern lesser galago)

 Galago senegalensis107,000,000[82] LC[83] Decrease[83] Rough estimate based on population density and range.[citation needed]
HumanHomo sapiens8,163,000,000[84] LC[85] Increase[85] *IUCN has issued one assessment for humans (2008), but has since stopped recurring assessments.

Species without population estimates

edit
Common name Binomial name Population Status Trend Notes Image
GeladaTheropithecus geladaunknown[86]LC[86]Decrease[86]Total population was estimated between 440,000 and 884,000 individuals in 1977. Current IUCN Assessment does not provide a population estimate, but the largest known population has decreased by 57% since the 1970s.[86]

See also

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References

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  2. 1 2 3 4 Rawson, B.M.; Leonard, N.; Covert, H.; Nadler, T. (2020). "Trachypithecus poliocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T39871A17959804. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39871A17959804.en.
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  38. 1 2 3 4 Setiawan, A.; Mittermeier, R.A.; Whittaker, D. (2020). "Macaca pagensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T39794A17949995. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39794A17949995.en.
  39. 1 2 3 4 Nijman, V.; Setiawan, A.; Ang, A. (2022). "Presbytis comata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022 e.T210369485A210370097. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T210369485A210370097.en.
  40. 1 2 3 4 Nijman, V.; Setiawan, A.; Ang, A. (2022). "Presbytis fredericae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022 e.T18133A210370840. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T18133A210370840.en.
  41. ↑ "Javan Fuscous Leaf Monkey, Presbytis fredericae - New England Primate Conservancy". neprimateconservancy.org. 2025-04-06. Retrieved 2026-01-22.
  42. 1 2 3 4 Singh, M.; Kumar, A.; Kumara, H.N. (2020). "Macaca silenus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T12559A17951402. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12559A17951402.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  43. 1 2 3 4 Yongcheng, L.; Nadler, T.; Quyet, L.K. (2021). "Trachypithecus crepusculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T136920A204397334. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T136920A204397334.en.
  44. 1 2 3 4 Oliveira, L.C.; Neves, L.G.; Kierulff, M.C.M.; Jerusalinsky, L.; Mittermeier, R.A.; Rylands, A.B. (2021). "Leontopithecus chrysomelas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T40643A192327573. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40643A192327573.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  45. 1 2 3 4 Ralainasolo, F.B.; Raveloarimalala, M.L.; Randrianasolo, H.; Heriniaina, R.; Clarke, T.; Ravaloharimanitra, M.; Volampeno, S.; Donati, G.; Razafindramanana, J.; Andriantsimanarilafy, R.R.; Randriatahina, G.; Irwin, M.; Eppley, T.M.; Borgerson, C. (2020). "Hapalemur alaotrensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T9676A182236363. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T9676A182236363.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  46. 1 2 3 4 Plumptre, A.J.; Robbins, M.M.; Williamson, E.A. (2019). "Gorilla beringei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T39994A115576640. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T39994A115576640.en.
  47. 1 2 3 4 Nijman, V. (2020). "Hylobates moloch". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T10550A17966495. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10550A17966495.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  48. ↑ Andayani, N.; Brockelman, W.; Geissmann, T.; Nijman, V.; Supriatna, J. (2008). "Hylobates moloch". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008 e.T10550A3199941. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T10550A3199941.en.
  49. 1 2 3 4 Semel, B.; Semel, M.; Salmona, J.; Heriniaina, R. (2020). "Propithecus tattersalli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T18352A115571806. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18352A115571806.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  50. 1 2 3 4 Traeholt, C.; Setiawan, A.; Quinten, M.; Cheyne, S.M.; Whittaker, D.; Mittermeier, R.A. (2020). "Macaca siberu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T39795A17949710. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39795A17949710.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  51. 1 2 3 4 Davenport, T.R.B. (2020). "Piliocolobus kirkii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T39992A168568335. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T39992A168568335.en.
  52. 1 2 3 4 Das, J.; Chetry, D.; Medhi, R.; Choudhury, A.U. (2024). "Trachypithecus geei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T22037A259357017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T22037A259357017.en.
  53. 1 2 3 4 Lee, R.; Riley, E.; Sangermano, F.; Cannon, C.; Shekelle, M. (2021). "Macaca brunnescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T12569A17985924. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T12569A17985924.en.
  54. 1 2 3 4 Quinten, M.; Setiawan, A.; Cheyne, S.; Traeholt, C.; Whittaker, D. (2020). "Simias concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T20229A17953422. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T20229A17953422.en.
  55. 1 2 3 4 Johnson, S.; Andriamisedra, T.R.; Donohue, M.E.; Ralainasolo, F.B.; Birkinshaw, C.; Ludovic, R.; Ratsimbazafy, J. (2020). "Eulemur cinereiceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T8205A115562060. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T8205A115562060.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  56. 1 2 3 4 Markolf, M.; Schäffler, L.; Kappeler, P. (2022). "Microcebus berthae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022 e.T41573A215090010. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T41573A215090010.en.
  57. 1 2 3 4 Setiawan, A.; Cheyne, S.; Traeholt, C. (2020). "Presbytis natunae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T136500A17955492. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136500A17955492.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  58. 1 2 3 4 Singh, M.; Kumara, H.N.; Kumar, A. (2020). "Semnopithecus johnii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T44694A17958623. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T44694A17958623.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  59. 1 2 3 4 Riley, E.; Lee, R.; Sangermano, F.; Cannon, C.; Shekelle, M (2020). "Macaca maura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T12553A197831931. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12553A197831931.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  60. 1 2 3 4 Quinten, M.; Setiawan, A.; Traeholt, C.; Cheyne, S.M.; Whittaker, D. 2020. (2020). "Presbytis siberu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T39816A17986963. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39816A17986963.en.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  61. 1 2 3 4 Singleton, I.; Wich, S.A.; Nowak, M.; Usher, G.; Utami-Atmoko, S.S. (2024). "Pongo abelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T121097935A259045437. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-1.RLTS.T121097935A259045437.en.
  62. 1 2 3 4 Wallis, J.; Benrabah, M.E.; Pilot, M.; Majolo, B.; Waters, S. (2020). "Macaca sylvanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T12561A50043570. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12561A50043570.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  63. 1 2 3 4 Fruth, B.; Hickey, J.R.; André, C.; Furuichi, T.; Hart, J.; Hart, T.; Kuehl, H.; Maisels, F. (2016). "Pan paniscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T15932A102331567.
  64. 1 2 3 4 Schwitzer, C. (2020). "Mirza zaza". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T136684A182240582. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T136684A182240582.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  65. 1 2 3 4 Liswanto, D.; Whittaker, D.; Geissmann, T.; Whitten, T. (2020). "Hylobates klossii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T10547A17967475. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T10547A17967475.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  66. 1 2 3 4 Das, J.; Chetry, D.; Choudhury, A.U.; Bleisch, W. (2024). "Trachypithecus pileatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T22041A259357527. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T22041A259357527.en.
  67. 1 2 3 4 Yongcheng, L.; Richardson, M. (2021). "Rhinopithecus roxellana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T19596A196491153. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T19596A196491153.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  68. 1 2 3 4 Hofner, A.; Cronin, D.T.; Imong, I.; Gadsby, E.L.; Ndeloh, D. (2020). "Cercopithecus erythrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T4218A17946043. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4218A17946043.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  69. ↑ Oates, J.F.; Gippoliti, S.; Groves, C.P. (2008). "Cercopithecus erythrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008 e.T4218A10651543. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T4218A10651543.en.
  70. 1 2 3 4 Mittermeier, R.A.; Röhe, F. (2021). "Callibella humilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T41584A191706209. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41584A191706209.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  71. 1 2 3 4 Rovero, F.; Barelli, C.; Butynski, T.M.; Marshall, A.J.; Struhsaker, T.T. (2019). "Piliocolobus gordonorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T40015A92629595. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T40015A92629595.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  72. 1 2 3 4 Ancrenaz, M.; Gumal, M.; Marshall, A.J.; Meijaard, E.; Wich, S.A.; Husson, S. (2024). "Pongo pygmaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T17975A259043172. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-1.RLTS.T17975A259043172.en.
  73. 1 2 3 4 Marshall, A.J.; Nijman, V.; Cheyne, S.M. (2020). "Hylobates muelleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T39888A17990934. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39888A17990934.en.
  74. 1 2 3 4 Lee, R.; Riley, E.; Sangermano, F.; Cannon, C.; Shekelle, M. (2020). "Macaca hecki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T12570A17948969. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12570A17948969.en.
  75. ↑ "Japanese macaque". Wisconsin National Primate Research Center. Retrieved 2022-09-15.
  76. 1 2 3 Watanabe, K.; Tokita, K. (2021). "Macaca fuscata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T12552A195347803. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12552A195347803.en.
  77. 1 2 3 4 Riley, E.; Lee, R.; Sangermano, F.; Cannon, C.; Shekelle, M. (2020). "Macaca tonkeana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T12563A17947990. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T12563A17947990.en.
  78. 1 2 3 4 Riley, E.; Lee, R.; Sangermano, F.; Cannon, C.; Shekelle, M. (2021). "Macaca ochreata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021 e.T39793A17985872. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39793A17985872.en.
  79. 1 2 3 4 Maisels, F.; Bergl, R.A.; Williamson, E.A. (2018). "Gorilla gorilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T9404A136250858. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T9404A136250858.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  80. 1 2 3 4 Humle, T.; Maisels, F.; Oates, J.F.; Plumptre, A.; Williamson, E.A. (2018). "Pan troglodytes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T15933A129038584.
  81. 1 2 3 4 Hansen, M.F.; Ang, A.; Fuentes, A.; Nijman, V. (2025). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2025 e.T12551A273015436. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-2.RLTS.T12551A273015436.en.
  82. ↑ "Results/Wild_land_mammal_biomass_inluding_populations.CSV · master · Milo Lab (Public) / Mammal_biomass · GitLab". 26 February 2023.
  83. 1 2 De Jong, Y.A.; Butynski, T.M.; Svensson, M.S.; Perkin, A. (2019). "Galago senegalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T8789A17963505. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T8789A17963505.en.
  84. ↑ U.S. and World Population Clock, United States Census Bureau, 2026-01-22, retrieved 2026-01-22
  85. 1 2 Global Mammal Assessment Team (2008). "Homo sapiens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008 e.T136584A4313662. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T136584A4313662.en.
  86. 1 2 3 4 Gippoliti, S.; Mekonnen, A.; Burke, R.; Nguyen, N.; Fashing, P.J. (2025). "Theropithecus gelada". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2025 e.T21744A274974485. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS.T21744A274974485.en.
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