List of non-marine molluscs of Madagascar

The non-marine molluscs of Madagascar are a part of the molluscan fauna of Madagascar (wildlife of Madagascar).

In tropical rainforests of Madagascar, there is high diversity of species of terrestrial gastropods and many species has low population density, so many of them are "extremely rare".^[1]^[2]

About 50% of land snails in Madagascar are related to land snails in Africa.^[3]

Freshwater gastropods

drawing of apertural view of a shell of *Madagasikara spinosa*

Pachychilidae

the genus Madagasikara is endemic to Madagascar, 5 species^[3]

Madagasikara spinosa (Lamarck, 1822) – the previously used name Melanatria fluminea being not valid, endemic^[3]^[4]
Madagasikara madagascariensis (Grateloup, 1840) – endemic^[3]^[5]
Madagasikara johnsoni (E. A. Smith, 1882) – endemic^[3]
Madagasikara vivipara Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 – endemic^[3]
Madagasikara zazavavindrano Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 – endemic^[3]
Madagasikara vazimba Köhler & Glaubrecht, 2010 – endemic^[3]

Planorbidae

Bulinus bavayi Dautzenberg, 1894 – endemic^[6]
Bulinus forskalii (Ehrenberg, 1831) – introduced^[6]
Bulinus liratus Tristram, 1863 – endemic^[6]
Bulinus obtusispira (E. A. Smith, 1882) – endemic^[6]
Biomphalaria pfeifferi (Krauss, 1848)^[7]
Afrogyrorbis natalensis (Krauss, 1848) – previously named Ceratophallus natalensis
Pettancylus modestus (Crosse, 1880) – previously named Ferrissia modesta, endemic
Hovorbis crassilabrum (Morelet, 1860) – previously named Africanogyrus crassilabrum, endemic
Lentorbis junodi (Connolly, 1922)
Segmentorbis angustus (Jickeli, 1874)
Gyraulus mauritianus (Morelet, 1876) – endemic to the Mascarene island Mauritius, possibly introduced to Madagascar^[8]

Lymnaeidae

Radix natalensis (Krauss, 1848)^[9]
Lantzia carinata (Jousseaume, 1872) – endemic to the Mascarene island Réunion^[8]

Ampullariidae

Lanistes grasseti (Morelet, 1863) – endemic
Pila cecillei (R. A. Philippi, 1849) – endemic

Paludomidae

Cleopatra colbeaui (Craven, 1880) – endemic
Cleopatra grandidieri (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1872) – endemic
Cleopatra madagascariensis (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1872) – endemic

Thiaridae

Melanoides psorica (Morelet, 1864) – endemic
Melanoides tuberculata (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Mieniplotia scabra (O. F. Müller, 1774)
Thiara amarula (Linnaeus, 1758)

Land gastropods

Megalomastomatidae

Acroptychia mahafinaritra Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Acroptychia bathiei Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965^[11]

Cyclophoridae

the genus Boucardicus is endemic to Madagascar, consist 199 species and 5 subspecies^[12]

Boucardicus acutapex Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus aforitrus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus alarus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus albocinctus (Smith, 1893)^[13]
Boucardicus ambalaniranae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ambanianae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ambatolahyi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ambatovakiae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ambindaensis Balashov & Griffiths, 2015^[12]
Boucardicus amboinus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ambrensis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ampanefenae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus analamerae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus andavakoerae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus andohahelae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus andringitrae Ficher-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus angavokelensis Fischer-Piette, F. Blanc & Vukadinovic, 1974^[13]
Boucardicus anjanaharibei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus anjarae Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus antiquus Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus avo Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus beampingaratrae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus beananae Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965^[13]
Boucardicus bedintae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus beloakus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus bemarahae Emberton, 2002^[13]
- Boucardicus bemarahae turbanus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus betamponae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus betsiakensis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus bevavus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus bidens Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus boucheti Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus boulangeri Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus cadlei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus capsaintemariae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus carilockneyae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus carylae Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus castaneus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus celesti Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus celestinae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus clarae Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus claudei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus coffeus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus compactus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus corrugatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus costulatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus culminans Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus curvifolius Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus darasyi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus delicatus Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus distortus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus divei Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus dominiqui Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus elegans Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus esetrae Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus fauri (Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993)^[13]
Boucardicus fidimananai Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus fischerpiettei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus florenti Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus fofifae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus fortistriatus Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus fotsivavus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus fuscolabrus Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus gibberosus (Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993)^[13]
Boucardicus globulus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus gloriosus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus goodmani Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus goudoti (Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965)^[13]
Boucardicus gratus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus griffithsi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus hadgii Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus hafahafus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus hamafasinus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus harananae Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus hautspiralus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus hetra Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus hitus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus inconspicuus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus inornatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus josephinae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus kanto Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus kianjavatoae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus kikarivoi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus kremenae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus kristalius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus kylei (Emberton, 1994)^[13]
Boucardicus lalinify Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus lalitrus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus laoranjus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus lavakelius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus lavalavus Emberton, 2002^[13]
- Boucardicus lavalavus andaitrae Emberton, 2002^[13]
- Boucardicus lavalavus toilavalavus Emberton, 2002^[13]
- Boucardicus lavalavus zobikeliae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus lelus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus leopardus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus littoralis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus luciae Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus mageti Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus magnilobatus Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus mahafinaritrus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mahalevonae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mahavariana Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus mahermanae Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus malemius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus malotus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mamirapiratrus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mananarae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus manantenus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mandenae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus manjakely Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus manomboensis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus manomponae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus marojejiae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus maronifius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus matoatoa Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus mavokely Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus menoi Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus meyersi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus michellae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus microlavalavus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus microtridentatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mihomehius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mijerius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus milloti Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965^[13]
Boucardicus minicompactus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus minisimplex Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus minutus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus mitovytovylavalavus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus monchenkoi Balashov & Griffiths, 2015^[12]
Boucardicus moronarous Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus nanus Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965^[13]
Boucardicus nifimenius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus nifius Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus nosymangabei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus notabilis (Smith, 1892)^[13]
Boucardicus onjus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus optio Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus pachychilus Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus paradelicatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus parantiquus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus paratridentatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus peggyae Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus pendulus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus perineti Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus petiti Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965^[13]
Boucardicus pseudocompactus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus pseudogastrocoptus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus pseudomphalotropis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus pulchellus Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus pupillidentatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus pupisomus Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus rakotoarisoni Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus randalanai Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus ranomafanae Emberton, 1994^[13]
Boucardicus regularis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus reservei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus reticulatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus roamolotrus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ronae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus ruthae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus sahasoae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus sahavondrononae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus saintemariae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus saintjacqui Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus saintlouisi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus sculptus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus seguini Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus simplex Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus solidus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus soulaianus Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
Boucardicus streptaxis Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus striatus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tandrimus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tantelyae Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Boucardicus timpearcei Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tolagnaroi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus trafous Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus triangulus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tridentatus Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[13]
Boucardicus trompettus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tsarabeus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tsaratananae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus tsingyi Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus vagneri Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[13]
- Boucardicus vagneri galokoae Emberton, 2002^[13]
- Boucardicus vagneri tsaratae Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus vavabitikus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus victorhernandezi Emberton 1998^[13]
Boucardicus villae (Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993)^[13]
Boucardicus vincenti Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus volamenus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus volous Emberton, 2002^[13]
Boucardicus zebreus Emberton, 2002^[13]
Cyathopoma anjombona Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Cyathopoma hoditra Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Cyathopoma iridescens Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Cyathopoma madio Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Cyathopoma matsoko Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Cyclotus (Millotorbis) ankaranae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Cyclotus bemarahae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Cyclotus gallorum Emberton, 2004^[14]
Cyclotus griffithsi Emberton, 2004^[14]
Cyclotus mamillaris Odhner, 1919^[14]
Cyclotus micromamillaris Emberton, 2004^[14]
Cyclotus (Millotorbis) milloti Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965^[14]
Cyclotus namorokae Emberton, 2004^[14]

Assimineidae

Omphalotropis angulata Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis betamponae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis bevohimenae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis capdambrae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis castelli Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[14]
Omphalotropis costulata Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[14]
Omphalotropis fortis Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis galokoae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis griffithsi Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis madagascariensis Germain, 1921^[14]
Omphalotropis manomboae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis tantelia Emberton, 2004^[14]
Omphalotropis vohimenae Emberton & Pearce, 1999^[14]

Hydrocenidae

Georissa ampla Emberton, 2004^[14]
Georissa ankaranae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Georissa aurata (Odhner, 1919)^[14]
Georissa capdambrae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Georissa detrita Bavay & Germain, 1920^[14]
Georissa froli Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[14]
Georissa krantz Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[14]
Georissa maraoraoa Emberton, 2004^[14]
Georissa petiti Germain, 1935^[14]
Georissa saintemariae Emberton, 2004^[14]
Georissa verreti Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1993^[14]

Pomatiidae

Tropidophora humbug Griffiths & Herbert, 2013^[11]
Tropidophora sericea Griffiths & Herbert, 2013^[11]

Veronicellidae

a veronicellid sp. or spp.^[1]

Orculidae

Fauxulus josephinae Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]
Fauxulus tsarakely Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]

Succineidae

Succinea masoala Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]

Subulinidae

Allopeas sp. 1 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)^[1]
Allopeas sp. 2 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)^[1]
Curvella poutiersi Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994^[1]
Pseudopeas cf. valentini Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994^[1]
Subulina mamillata (Craven, 1880)^[1]
Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1792)^[1]

Cerastidae

Conulinus randalanai Griffiths & Herbert, 2013^[11]

Achatinidae

Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822^[1]
Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822^[1]

Streptaxidae

Fischerpietteus josephinae Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]
Gulella ambodipelomosiae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella andriantanteliae Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Gulella beandreana Emberton, 2001^[1]
Gulella betamponae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella kelimolotra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella kendrae Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]
Gulella laninifia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella lincolni Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]
Gulella matavymolotra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella minuseula Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Gulella ruthae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella sahia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella soulaiana Fischer-Piette, 1973^[1]
Gulella taolantehezana Emberton, 2002^[15]
Gulella thompsoni Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Gulella sp. 1 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)^[1]
Gulella sp. 2 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)^[1]
Gulella sp. 3 sensu Emberton & Griffiths (2009)^[1]

Parvedentulina Emberton & Pearce, 2000 – Parvedentulina are endemic to Madagascar
Parvedentulina acutapex Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina ambatomitatoae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina ambatosorotrae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina ambatovakiae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina analamerae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina andapae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina andavakoerae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina andriantanteliae Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Parvedentulina andringitrae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina anjanaharibei Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina anjansudae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina antsahamadioae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina apieostriata Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina balambasia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina bemarahae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina benjamini Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Parvedentulina betamponae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina betsiakae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina celestinae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina conspicua Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina crenulata Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina delicata Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina densagyra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina devolia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina distincta Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina elegans Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina esetra Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina farihiambonia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina fenni Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina fortistriata Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina fotobohitrae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina fragilis Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina fusiforma Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina glesi (Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994)^[15]
Parvedentulina gracilis Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina hafa Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina hatairana Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina horonanladia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina jeani Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Parvedentulina josephinae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina kelivitsika Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina lalina Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina macroconspicua Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina magna Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina mahalevona Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina mahialambo-ensis Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina mahitsia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina malala Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina mamirapiratra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina mananarae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina mandenae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina manja Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina manomboae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina manomponae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina maranitra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina margostriata Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina marojejyae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina masoalae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina metula (Crosse, 1881)^[15]
Parvedentulina miaranoniae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina mijanona Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina minidistincta Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina minutissima Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina montana Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina morontsiraka Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina namoro-kae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina ovatostoma Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina parva Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina pascali Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina paulayi Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Parvedentulina pearcei Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina planapex Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina puichella Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina pyramida Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina ranomafanae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina rantovina Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina rapetoa Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina ravinamatia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina rogeri Emberton & Pearce, 2000^[15]
Parvedentulina sahantananae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina saintjacqui Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina simeni (Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994)^[15]
Parvedentulina simplex Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tendrombohitra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina terakabe Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina texieri Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina thompsoni Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Parvedentulina tsara Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsaratananae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsaravintana Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsimahialamboensis Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsingia Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsipika Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsisubulina Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina tsotra Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina unescoae Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina vavalava Emberton, 2002^[15]
Parvedentulina vitroni (Fischer-Piette, Blanc, Blanc & Salvat, 1994)^[15]
Parvedentulina vonjena Emberton, 2002^[15]

Acavidae

Ampelita ambatoensis Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]
Ampelita andriamamonjyi Griffiths & Herbert, 2013^[11]
Ampelita beanka Griffiths & Herbert, 2013^[11]
Ampelita julii Fischer-Piette & Garreau, 1965^[1]^[16] – Ampelita julii soa Emberton & Griffiths, 2009^[1]
Ampelita lamarei (Pfeiffer, 1853)^[1]
Ampelita owengriffithsi Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Helicophanta amphibulima (Férussac, 1839)^[1]

Clavatoridae

Clavator moreleti Crosse & Fischer, 1868^[17]
Clavator eximius Shuttleworth, 1852^[18]
Clavator grandidieri Crosse & P.Fischer, 1868^[18]
Clavator clavator Petit de la Saussaye, 1844^[18]
Clavator masoalae K.C.Emberton, 1999^[18]
Clavator praecox Fischer-Piette & Salvat, 1963^[18]
Clavator bathiei Fischer-Piette & Salvat, 1963^[18]
Clavator griffithsjonesi K.C.Emberton, 1999^[18]
Clavator anteclavator Germain, 1913^[18]
Clavator dingeoni Fischer-Piette, F.Blanc & Salvat, 1975^[18]
Leucotaenius favannii Lamarck, 1822^[18]
Leucotaenius heimburgi Kobelt, 1901^[18]
Leucotaenius procteri G.B.Sowerby Iii, 1895^[18]
Leucotaenius crassilabris J.E.Gray, 1834^[18]
Leucotaenius laevis Fischer-Piette, 1963^[18]
Leucotaenius bathei Fischer-Piette, 1963^[18]
Leucotaenius adami Fischer-Piette, 1963^[18]
Paraclavator moreleti Deshayes, 1851^[18]
Paraclavator obtusatus Gmelin, 1791^[18]

Charopidae

Reticulapex michellae Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]

Ariophantidae

Kalidos gora Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Kalidos manotrika Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Kalidos manta Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Kalidos maryannae Griffiths & Herbert, 2013^[11]

Helicarionidae

Kaliella crandalli Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Microcystis albosuturalis Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Microcystis fotsifotsy Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Microcystis vony Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Sitala burchi Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Sitala mavo Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]
Sitala stanisici Emberton, Slapcinsky, Campbell, Rakotondrazafy, Andriamiarison & Emberton, 2010^[10]

Freshwater bivalves

Sphaeriidae

Eupera ferruginea (Krauss, 1848)^[11]
Eupera degorteri (Kuiper, 1954) – endemic
Euglesa casertana (Poli, 1791)
Euglesa ovampica (Ancey, 1890)
Euglesa viridaria (Kuiper, 1956)^[19]
Pisidium reticulatum Kuiper, 1966^[11]
Pisidium johnsoni E. A. Smith, 1882 – endemic
Pisidium betafoense Kuiper, 1953 – endemic

Unionidae

Coelatura madagascariensis (Sganzin, 1841) – formerly named Unio madagascariensis, extinct
Coelatura malgachensis (Germain, 1911) – formerly named Unio malgachensis, extinct
Germainaia geayi (Germain, 1911) – extinct^[20]

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Emberton, K. C.; Griffiths, O. L. (2009). "Pulmonate land mollusks from three rainforest transects in northeastern Madagascar: Part 1 of 2, with descriptions of 12 new species and one new subspecies: (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)" (PDF). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138 (2): 137. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/138/137-167..
↑ Emberton, K. C. (2009). "Operculate land snails from three rainforest transects in northeastern Madagascar, with descriptions of nine new species and one new subspecies: (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138: 1–9. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/0003-9284/138/001-041.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Köhler, F.; Glaubrecht, M. (2010). "Uncovering an overlooked radiation: Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Madagascar's endemic river snails (Caenogastropoda: Pachychilidae: Madagasikara gen. Nov.)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 99 (4): 867. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01390.x.
↑ Brown D. S. (1996). Melanatria fluminea. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
↑ Brown D. S. (1996). Melanatria madagascarensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
1 2 3 4 Stothard, J. R.; Brémond, P.; Andriamaro, L.; Sellin, B.; Sellin, E.; Rollinson, D. (2001). "Bulinus species on Madagascar: Molecular evolution, genetic markers and compatibility with Schistosoma haematobium". Parasitology. 123 Suppl (7): S261–S275. doi:10.1017/s003118200100806x. PMID 11769288..
↑ Dejong, R. J.; Morgan, J. A. T.; Wilson, W. D.; Al-Jaser, M. H.; Appleton, C. C.; Coulibaly, G.; D’Andrea, P. S.; Doenhoff, M. J.; Haas, W.; Idris, M. A.; Magalhães, L. A.; Moné, H.; Mouahid, G.; Mubila, G.; Pointier, J.-P.; Webster, J. P.; Zanotti-Magalhães, E. M.; Paraense, W. L.; Mkoji, G. M.; Loker, E. S. (2003). "Phylogeography of Biomphalaria glabrata and B. pfeifferi, important intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni in the New and Old World tropics". Molecular Ecology. 12: 3041–3056. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01977.x..
1 2 Máiz-Tomé, L.; Sayer, C.; Darwall, W. (2018). "The status and distribution of freshwater biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands hotspot". International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Gland, Switzerland: viii-128. doi:10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.RA.1.en. ISBN 978-2-8317-1882-8..
↑ Stothard, J. R.; Bremond, P.; Andriamaro, L.; Loxton, N. J.; Sellin, B.; Sellin, E.; Rollinson, D. (2000). "Molecular characterization of the freshwater snail Lymnaea natalensis (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) on Madagascar with an observation of an unusual polymorphism in ribosomal small subunit genes". Journal of Zoology. 252 (3): 303. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2000.tb00625.x.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Emberton, K. C.; Slapcinsky, J.; Campbell, C. A.; Rakotondrazafy, J. L. A.; Andriamiarison, T. N.; Emberton, J. D. (2010). "Terrestrial mollusks of Andriantantely Massif, Eastern Madagascar, with descriptions of 36 new species
(Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda; Pulmonata)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 139: 71. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/139/071-141.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Griffiths, O.L. & Herbert, D.G. 2013. New species of land snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from two isolated karst formations in central western Madagascar: Tsingy Beanka and Antsingimavo, with additional notes on other regional endemics. African Invertebrates 54 (1): 1–48.^{[permanent dead link]}
1 2 3 Balashov I. & Griffiths O. (2015). "Two new species of minute land snails from Madagascar: Boucardicus monchenkoi sp. nov. and B. ambindaensis sp. nov. (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)". Zootaxa. 4052(2): 237–240. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 Emberton, Kenneth C. (2002). „The genus Boucardicus, a Madagascan endemic (Gastropoda: Cyclophoridae: Alycaeinae)“. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 130(1-2): 1-199.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Emberton, Kenneth C. (2004). "Madagascan Georissa, Cyclotus, Omphalotropis and so-called Chondrocyclus (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Hydrocenidae, Cyclophoridae, Assimineidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 133(1-2): 69-107. DOI: 10.1127/arch.moll/133/2004/69
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Emberton K. C. (2002). "Parvedentulina and edentate Gulella of Madagascar (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Streptaxidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 131(1/2): 67–165. abstract.
↑ Emberton K. C. (1996). Ampelita julii. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.
↑ Emberton K. C. (1996). Clavator moreleti. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "Search". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
↑ Rapalai, B. L. (2024). "An annotated checklist of molluscs recorded from Botswana". Indago. 41 (10): 15–44. doi:10.5281/zenodo.13132605..
↑ Graf, D. & Cummings, K. (2009). "Actual and Alleged Freshwater Mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) from Madagascar and the Mascarenes, with Description of a New Genus, Germainaia". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 158 (1): 221–238. doi:10.1635/053.158.0112. ISSN 0097-3157.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

External links

Emberton, K. C.; Griffiths, O. L. (2009). "Pulmonate land mollusks from three rainforest transects in northeastern Madagascar: Part 2 of 2, with descriptions of 21 new species: (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Stylommatophora)" (PDF). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138 (2): 169. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/138/169-203.
Smith E. A. (1882). "A contribution to the Molluscan fauna of Madagascar". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1882: 375–390.
Van Damme D., Köehler F., Andriamaro L., Darwall W. & Máiz-Tomé L. (2018). The status and distribution of freshwater molluscs. pp. 29–41. In: Máiz-Tomé L., Sayer C. & Darwall W. (eds) (2018). Chapter 4. The status and distribution of freshwater biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands hotspot. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. viii+128 pp. ISBN 978-2-8317-1882-8. PDF.

[Emberton_2009-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Emberton, K. C.; Griffiths, O. L. (2009). "Pulmonate land mollusks from three rainforest transects in northeastern Madagascar: Part 1 of 2, with descriptions of 12 new species and one new subspecies: (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)" (PDF). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138 (2): 137. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/138/137-167..

[Operculate-2] Emberton, K. C. (2009). "Operculate land snails from three rainforest transects in northeastern Madagascar, with descriptions of nine new species and one new subspecies: (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 138: 1–9. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/0003-9284/138/001-041.

[Koehler_2010-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Köhler, F.; Glaubrecht, M. (2010). "Uncovering an overlooked radiation: Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Madagascar's endemic river snails (Caenogastropoda: Pachychilidae: Madagasikara gen. Nov.)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 99 (4): 867. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01390.x.

[4] Brown D. S. (1996). Melanatria fluminea. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.

[5] Brown D. S. (1996). Melanatria madagascarensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 7 August 2007.

[Stothard_2001-6] 1 2 3 4 Stothard, J. R.; Brémond, P.; Andriamaro, L.; Sellin, B.; Sellin, E.; Rollinson, D. (2001). "Bulinus species on Madagascar: Molecular evolution, genetic markers and compatibility with Schistosoma haematobium". Parasitology. 123 Suppl (7): S261–S275. doi:10.1017/s003118200100806x. PMID 11769288..

[Dejong_2003-7] Dejong, R. J.; Morgan, J. A. T.; Wilson, W. D.; Al-Jaser, M. H.; Appleton, C. C.; Coulibaly, G.; D’Andrea, P. S.; Doenhoff, M. J.; Haas, W.; Idris, M. A.; Magalhães, L. A.; Moné, H.; Mouahid, G.; Mubila, G.; Pointier, J.-P.; Webster, J. P.; Zanotti-Magalhães, E. M.; Paraense, W. L.; Mkoji, G. M.; Loker, E. S. (2003). "Phylogeography of Biomphalaria glabrata and B. pfeifferi, important intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni in the New and Old World tropics". Molecular Ecology. 12: 3041–3056. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01977.x..

[Máiz-Tomé_2018-8] 1 2 Máiz-Tomé, L.; Sayer, C.; Darwall, W. (2018). "The status and distribution of freshwater biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands hotspot". International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Gland, Switzerland: viii-128. doi:10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.RA.1.en. ISBN 978-2-8317-1882-8..

[9] Stothard, J. R.; Bremond, P.; Andriamaro, L.; Loxton, N. J.; Sellin, B.; Sellin, E.; Rollinson, D. (2000). "Molecular characterization of the freshwater snail Lymnaea natalensis (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) on Madagascar with an observation of an unusual polymorphism in ribosomal small subunit genes". Journal of Zoology. 252 (3): 303. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2000.tb00625.x.

[Emberton_2010-10] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Emberton, K. C.; Slapcinsky, J.; Campbell, C. A.; Rakotondrazafy, J. L. A.; Andriamiarison, T. N.; Emberton, J. D. (2010). "Terrestrial mollusks of Andriantantely Massif, Eastern Madagascar, with descriptions of 36 new species
(Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda; Pulmonata)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 139: 71. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/139/071-141.

[Griffiths-11] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Griffiths, O.L. & Herbert, D.G. 2013. New species of land snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from two isolated karst formations in central western Madagascar: Tsingy Beanka and Antsingimavo, with additional notes on other regional endemics. African Invertebrates 54 (1): 1–48.^{[permanent dead link]}

[Balashov_&_Griffiths_2015-12] 1 2 3 Balashov I. & Griffiths O. (2015). "Two new species of minute land snails from Madagascar: Boucardicus monchenkoi sp. nov. and B. ambindaensis sp. nov. (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoridae)". Zootaxa. 4052(2): 237–240. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4052.2.9

[Emberton2002-13] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 Emberton, Kenneth C. (2002). „The genus Boucardicus, a Madagascan endemic (Gastropoda: Cyclophoridae: Alycaeinae)“. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 130(1-2): 1-199.

[Emberton2004-14] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Emberton, Kenneth C. (2004). "Madagascan Georissa, Cyclotus, Omphalotropis and so-called Chondrocyclus (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Hydrocenidae, Cyclophoridae, Assimineidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 133(1-2): 69-107. DOI: 10.1127/arch.moll/133/2004/69

[Emberton_2002-15] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Emberton K. C. (2002). "Parvedentulina and edentate Gulella of Madagascar (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Streptaxidae)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 131(1/2): 67–165. abstract.

[16] Emberton K. C. (1996). Ampelita julii. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.

[17] Emberton K. C. (1996). Clavator moreleti. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 August 2007.

[:0-18] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "Search". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 6 July 2025.

[Rapalai_2024-19] Rapalai, B. L. (2024). "An annotated checklist of molluscs recorded from Botswana". Indago. 41 (10): 15–44. doi:10.5281/zenodo.13132605..

[Graf_2009-20] Graf, D. & Cummings, K. (2009). "Actual and Alleged Freshwater Mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) from Madagascar and the Mascarenes, with Description of a New Genus, Germainaia". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 158 (1): 221–238. doi:10.1635/053.158.0112. ISSN 0097-3157.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

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[5]

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