List of mobile network operators in Europe

A mobile network operator, also known as a wireless service provider, wireless carrier, cellular company, or mobile network carrier is a provider of wireless communication services.

Mobile phone penetration in Europe based on available data between 2009 and 2012:
  > 140%

  120–140%

  100–120%

  < 100%

  No data

The main mobile network operators in Europe are listed below.

Albania

Albania as per has 3.66 million subscribers, of whom 2.49 million are active users (101% penetration rate) (Q1 2021).

Active users are considered those who have communicated in the last three months.^[1]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Albania is the AKEP.

In 2022 4iG group, owning ONE Telecommunications, acquired a majority stake of ALBtelecom Mobile, 80.27%,^[2] to a network merger in 2023.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	One Albania • Includes the former ALBtelecom Mobile network.^[3]	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 3400/3500 MHz 5G NR	1.914 (Q3 2025)	4iG^[4]^[5]	27601 27603
2	Vodafone Albania	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro VoLTE 3700 MHz/3800 MHz 5G NR	1.401 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc (99.9%)	27602

Andorra

Andorra has 88,109 mobile subscribers^[7] or about 113.63% mobile penetration.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Andorra Telecom (formerly Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra)	900/1800 MHz GPRS 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/1800/2100 MHz LTE-LTE-A VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.088^[8] (2021)	Government of Andorra^[9]	21303

Armenia

Armenia has 3.5 million subscribers in total, and a 120% penetration rate.^[10]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Viva	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) UMTS-900/2100 MHz (Band: B1/B8) (UMTS, HSDPA) LTE, LTE-A, 5G, VoLTE, VoWiFi LTE-1800/2600 MHz (Band: B3/B7) (LTE)	2.2 (Q1 2022)^[11]	Viva Armenia Fedilco Group Limited (Zhe Zhang (75%) and Konstantin Sokolov (25%)) (80%) and Government of Armenia (20%)	28305
2	Team	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) UMTS-900/2100 MHz (Band: B1/B8) (UMTS, HSDPA) LTE-LTE-A (900 MHz, 1800 MHz)	1.0 (Q2 2024)	Telecom Armenia CJSC	28301
3	Ucom	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) UMTS-900/2100 MHz (Band: B1/B8) UMTS, HSDPA LTE-LTE-A -1800/2600 MHz (Band: B3/B7) (LTE), 5G	0.7 (Q3 2025)	Ucom	28310

Austria

Austria has 13.0 million assigned numbers (i.e. 2.0 2G, 10.8 3G and 0.1 4G SIM cards), or a 151.0% penetration rate (Q4 2014).^[12]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Austria is the Austrian Regulatory Authority for Broadcasting and Telecommunications (RTR).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	A1	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 3500 MHz 5G NR	5.148 (including yesss!) (Q3 2022)^[13]	A1 Group (América Móvil (60.9%), ÖBAG (28.4%), institutional and others (7.6%), retail (3.1%)).	23201
2	Magenta Telekom (formerly T-Mobile, max.mobil)	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ (roams on 3's UMTS network where no UMTS) 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	4.557 (Q2 2022)^[14]	Deutsche Telekom AG	23203
3	Drei • Includes the previous Orange network.	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) (roams on Magenta Telekom's GSM network when needed) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 3500 MHz 5G NR	2.761 (Q4 2024)^[15]	CK Hutchison Holdings	23205

Azerbaijan

In December 2005, Azerbaijan had 2 million subscribers in total, a 25% penetration rate.^{[citation needed]} In 2014, Azerbaijan had over 10 million subscribers in total, or a 130% penetration rate.^{[citation needed]}

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Azercell	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 1800 MHz LTE	4.417^[16] (April 2013)	AzInTelecom (state-owned company)	40001
2	Bakcell	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 1800 MHz LTE^[17]	3.4	Neqsol Holding	40002
3	Nar	GSM 1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 1800 MHz LTE	2.1 (March 2014)	Azerfon LLC	40004
4	Nakhtel (operating in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic)	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 1800 MHz LTE CDMA 800		Nakhtel LLC	40006

Belarus

Belarus has 12.0 million subscribers in total, or a 126% penetration rate in Q4 of 2020.

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Belarus is the Ministry of Communications and Informatization.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	MTS	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE	5.6 (Q2 2025)^[11]	Beltelecom (51%) MTS (49%)	25702
2	A1 (formerly velcom)	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi	4.959 (Q3 2024)^[18]	A1 Group	25701
3	Life	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A	1.5 (Q2 2024)^[19]	Turkcell	25704

Belgium

Belgium has 13.89 million subscribers in total, or a 124% penetration rate^[20] (Q4 2014).

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Belgium is the Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Proximus (formerly Belgacom)	900/1800 GSM (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	5.095 (Q4 2024)^[21]	Proximus Group N.V./S.A.(Government of Belgium 53.3%, NJJ 6.61%^[22])	20601
2	Orange (formerly Mobistar, OBE)	900/1800 GSM (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi	3.467 (Q4 2024)^[23]	Orange S.A. (76.97%), others (23.03%)	20610
3	Base/Telenet	900/1800 GSM (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi	2.679 (Q2 2024)^[24]	Telenet Group N.V./S.A. (Liberty Global 100%)	20620
4	DIGI	Roaming on Proximus LTE/LTE-A Network 700/900/1800/2100/2600/3600 MHz 5G NR^[25] VoLTE	0.052 (Q2'2025)^[26]	51% CityMesh, (subsidiary of Cegeka Groep N.V.) 49% Digi Communications N.V.	20612

Bosnia and Herzegovina

In December 2022, Bosnia and Herzegovina had 3.811 million subscribers in total,^[27] or a 115% penetration rate.

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the Communications Regulatory Agency (Regulatorna agencija za komunikacije, RAK).^[28]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers in million	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	BH Telecom (formerly GSM-BIH)	GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ (3G shutdown: starting from March 2026)^[29] 1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, eSIM	1.577 (Q2 2023)	Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (90%), free float (10%)	21890
2	m:tel (formerly MOBI'S)	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE), 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, eSIM (postpaid only)	1.273 (Q2 2023)	Telekom Srbija	21805
3	HT ERONET (formerly HTmobile)	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE), 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A, eSIM	0.834 (Q2 2023)	Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (50.10%), Hrvatski Telekom (39.10%), Hrvatska pošta (5.23%), free float (5.27%)	21803

Bulgaria

Bulgaria has 7,978,611 subscribers in total, or a 123.9% penetration rate according to the CRC annual report for 2024.^[30]

The regulatory authority for Telecommunication in Bulgaria is the Communications Regulation Commission (CRC).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers^[31] (in millions)	Coverage	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	A1 (formerly Mtel, Mobiltel)	GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE) 900 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 700/3600 MHz 5G NR	3.945 (FY 2025)^[32]	Link	A1 Group	28401
2	Vivacom (formerly Vivatel)	GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE) 900 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 1800/3600 MHz 5G NR	3.354 (Q4 2023)	Link	United Group	28403
3	Yettel (formerly Telenor, Globul)	GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE) 900 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, ViLTE, eSIM 700/2600/3600 MHz 5G NR	3.2 (FY 2025)^[33]	Link	e& PPF Telecom Group	28405

Croatia

Croatia has 4,404,652 subscribers in total, or a 102.8% penetration rate. (Q4 2019)^[34]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Croatia is the Hrvatska agencija za poštu i elektronicke komunikacije (website available in Croatian and English language).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Hrvatski Telekom (formerly T-Mobile, HTmobile, HT CRONET)	GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 3G shutdown: end of 2024 LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM (postpaid only) 2100/3500 MHz - 5G NR	2.326 (Q3 2021)^[14]	Deutsche Telekom AG (51.7%)	21901
2	A1 (formerly vip)	GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, VoLTE (postpaid only), eSIM (postpaid only) 700/3600 MHz - 5G NR	1.990 (Q3 2021)^[13]	A1 Group	21910
3	Telemach (formerly Tele2)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 700/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/3400-3800 MHz - 5G NR eSIM (postpaid only)	1.00 (Q3 2021)^[36]	United Group	21902

Cyprus

Cyprus has 1,392,480 subscribers in total, or a 151.7% penetration rate (excludes Northern Cyprus) (Q4 2022).^[37]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Cyprus (excluding Northern Cyprus) is OCECPR (Office of the Commissioner of Electronic Communications and Postal Regulation).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
Mobile network operators in Cyprus (excludes Northern Cyprus)
1	Cyta	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 700/3500 MHz 5G NR^[38]	0.710 (Q4 2022)^[37]^[39]	Cyta (Government of Cyprus 100%)	28001
2	Epic (formerly MTN, Areeba)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, eSIM 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	0.399 (Q2 2025)^[37]^[40]	Monaco Telecom SAM	28010
3	PrimeTel (formerly as MVNO on Epic)	900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 900/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM (RAN sharing with Epic & roaming on Epic or Cyta when needed)	0.150 (Q4 2022)^[37]	PrimeTel PLC (Signal Capital Partners 100%)	28020
4	Cablenet (formerly Lemontel, as MVNO on Cyta)	800/2600/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR eSIM (RAN sharing & roaming with Cyta when needed)	0.093 (Q4 2022)^[37]	Cablenet Communications Systems PLC (GO Malta 63.4%)	28022
Mobile network operators operating only in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
1	Kuzey Kıbrıs Turkcell	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE+ VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 5G (testing) ^[41]	0.576 (Q2 2023)^[42]	Turkcell A.Ş.	28601
2	Telsim Vodafone	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE+ VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 5G (testing) ^[43]	0.382 (Q2 2023)^[42]	Vodafone Turkey A.Ş.	28602

Czech Republic

The Czech Republic has 16.121 million subscribers in total, or a 151% penetration rate (December 2019).^[44]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	T-Mobile (formerly Paegas)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, ViLTE, VoWiFi 700/1800/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	6.632 (Q3 2025)^[14]	Deutsche Telekom AG	23001
2	O₂ (formerly Eurotel, Český Telecom)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/1800/2100 (Prague Metro only) /3500 MHz 5G NR	5.987 (Q2 2021)^[45]	e& PPF Telecom Group	23002
3	Vodafone (formerly Oskar)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, ViLTE, VoWiFi 700/1800/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	4.181 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc	23003

Denmark

Denmark has 8.208 million subscribers in total, or a 146% penetration rate^[46] (Q1 2014)

In 2011, Denmark liquidated IT- og Telestyrelsen, it's telecommunications regulator.^[47]^[48]

Former regulator's tasks are divided among four institutions:^[49]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	TDC	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 800/2600 MHz^[50] LTE VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	3.895 (Q4 2025)^[51]	Macquarie Group and Danish pension funds (PFA, PKA, ATP)	23801
2	Norlys^[52] (formerly Telia)	900/1800 GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR (shares network with Telenor)	~1.9 (Q4 2024)^[53]	Norlys a.m.b.a.^[54]	23820
3	Telenor (formerly Sonofon)	900/1800 GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100 MHz LTE VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR (shares network with Norlys)	1.700 (Q4 2025)^[55]	Telenor	23802
4	3	900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi (Roams on TDC's GSM / UMTS / LTE network where 3 does not reach)	1.659 (Q4 2024)^[15]	CK Hutchison Holdings (60%), Investor AB (40%)	23806

Estonia

Estonia has 2.524 million subscribers in total, or a 188% penetration rate^[56] (December 2008).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Telia (formerly EMT)	GSM-900/1800 (EDGE) 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE VoLTE 700/3500 MHz - 5G NR 3G (UMTS, HSPA) has been shut down in 2023	1.274 (Q1 2024)^[57]	Telia Company	24801
2	Elisa (formerly Radiolinja)	GSM-900/1800 (EDGE) 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE VoLTE 700/3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.701 (Q1 2024)^[58]	Elisa	24802
3	Tele2 (formerly Q-GSM)	GSM-900/1800 (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 800/1800/2100 MHz LTE 700/3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.462 (Q4 2025)^[59]	Tele2	24803

Faroe Islands

The Faroe Islands have 61,388 subscribers, or a 126% penetration rate (population 48,652)^[60] (2020).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Føroya Tele	GSM-900 900/2100 MHz UMTS 1800 MHz LTE	0.045 (74%)	Government of Faroe Islands	28801
2	Nema (formerly Hey, Vodafone, Kall)	GSM-900 2100 MHz UMTS 1800 MHz LTE	0.013 (25%)	Nema	28802
3	Tosa	GSM-900 2100 MHz UMTS 1800 MHz LTE	0.0 (0%)	Tosa	28803

Finland

Finland has 7.700 million subscribers in total, or a 144.59% penetration rate^[30] (December 2009).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Elisa (formerly Radiolinja)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	3.151 (Q4 2025)^[58]	Elisa	24405 24406 24421
2	DNA	GSM-900/1800 MHz (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 3500 MHz - 5G NR	2.808 (Q4 2025)^[55]	Telenor	24403 24404 24412 24413 24436 (SYV)
3	Telia (formerly Telecom Finland, Sonera)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	2.410 (Q4 2025)^[57]	Telia Company	24420 24436 (SYV) 24491
4	Ålcom (formerly ÅMT / Ålands Mobiltelefon)	GSM-900 MHz (EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A	Not yet available	Mariehamns Telefon, Ålands Telefonandelslag	24414

France

France has 75.5 million subscribers in total, or a 115.2% penetration rate (September 2015).^[61]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in France is ARCEP.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Orange (formerly Orange-Itineris, Itineris)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi,VoNR	27.500 (Q2 2025)^[62]	Orange S.A.	20801
2	SFR	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi	19.356 (Q3 2025)^[63]	Altice (80.4%), free float (19.6%)^[64]	20810
3	Bouygues Telecom	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi	18.645 (Q4 2025)^[65]	Bouygues Group (90.53%)	20820
4	Free Mobile	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ (Roaming on Orange 2G/3G when needed, limited to 384 kbit/s download, 384 kbit/s upload) 700/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi,VoNR	15.7 (Q4 2025)^[66]	Iliad	20815

Georgia

As of November 2024, Georgia has 5,623,128 subscribers in total.

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Georgia is the Georgian National Communications Commission.^[67]^[68]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Magticom	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE Advanced, VoLTE 5G is on FDD 700 MHz (N28) with a bandwidth of 20 MHz (2x10MHz), FDD 2600 MHz (N7) with a bandwidth of 60 MHz (2x30MHz) and TDD 3500 MHz (N78) with a bandwidth of 100 MHz. Magticom currently has the biggest 5G coverage in the country.^[69]	2.332 (November 2024)^[70]	International Tellcell LLC	28202
2	Silknet (formerly Geocell)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+, CDMA2000, EVDO Rev. A 2300 MHz TD-LTE, LTE Advanced, LTE Advanced Pro 800/900/1800 MHz LTE 5G–2100 MHz (Only in central Tbilisi from Freedom Square to Bagebi). Silknet has not participated in any of the 5G license auctions announced by the GNCC and has chosen to instead use its existing neutral license for 2100 MHz. Silknet currently remains the only MNO in Georgia without 5G-specific licenses and has the smallest 5G coverage.	1.965 (November 2024)^[70]	Silk Road Group	28201
3	Cellfie (formerly Beeline)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE Advanced, VoLTE, VoWifi coming soon 5G – Currently in skiing resorts Bakuriani and Gudauri, seaside resorts Batumi, Gonio, Kvariati, Shekvetili, Kobuleti, as well as some of Tbilisi's neighbourhoods, such as Didube and Didi Dighomi. There is also coverage in Zugdidi. 5G is on 10 MHz (2X5 MHz) frequency resource, within the Uplink 703 - 708 MHz and Downlink 758 - 763 MHz resources; 50 MHz frequency resource within the 3550-3600 MHz resource. Cellfie also owns licenses for 2100 MHz and 2600 MHz.	1.308 (November 2024)^[70]	CBS Group	28204
Operators in Abkhazia
	Aquafon	GSM-900/1800 MHz 2100 MHz UMTS 800 MHz LTE	N/A	Aquafon JSC	28967 (MCC is not listed by ITU)
	A-Mobile	GSM-900/1800 MHz 2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800 MHz LTE	N/A	A-Mobile LLSC	28988 (MCC is not listed by ITU)
Operators in South Ossetia
	MegaFon	GSM-900/1800 MHz 900/1800 MHz UMTS 800/1800 MHz LTE	N/A	CJSC Ostelkom (branding licence agreement with MegaFon)^[71]	25002

Germany

Germany has 114.1 million subscribers in total, or a 140% penetration rate^[30] (December 2011).

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Germany is the Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Telekom (formerly D1 DeTeMobil, T-Mobile)	900/1800 MHz GSM (EDGE) 700/800/900/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML, RCS	72.813 (Q3 2025)^[72]	Deutsche Telekom AG	26201
2	O₂ (formerly VIAG Interkom) • Includes the former E-Plus network.	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/1800/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML, RCS	31.799 (Q3 2026)^[73]	Telefónica S.A. (96.8%), free float (3.2%)	26203
3	Vodafone Germany (formerly D2 Mannesmann)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/1800/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, VoNR, AML, RCS	28.833 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc	26202
4	1&1	2600 MHz LTE 3600 MHz 5G NR (Roams on Vodafone where there is no 1&1 coverage) VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML	12.380 (Q3 2024)^[74]	United Internet AG (78.32%), free float (18.26%), TGW Logistics Group (3.00%), others (0,42 %)	26223

Gibraltar

Gibraltar, the British overseas territory, has 0.028 million subscribers in total, or a 92.12% penetration rate^[30] (December 2009).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Gibtelecom	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A	0.022 ^{[citation needed]}	Government of Gibraltar	26601

Greece

In 2022, Greece had 11.326 million subscribers in total, or a 109% penetration rate.^[2] The regulatory authority for telecommunications in Greece is the Hellenic Telecommunications and Post Commission (EETT).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Cosmote Telekom	900 MHz GSM (EDGE) 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, VoNR 700/2100/2600/3500 MHz 5G NR	7.373 (Q2 2023)^[75]	OTE A.E. (Deutsche Telekom AG 55.6%)	20201, 20202
2	Vodafone (formerly Panafon) • Includes the previous Cyta Hellas network.	900/1800 MHz GSM (EDGE) 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	3.931 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group (100%)	20205 (Vodafone), 20214 (Cyta Hellas)
3	Nova (formerly Telestet, TIM, Wind) • Includes the previous Q-Telecom network.	900/1800 MHz GSM (EDGE) 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	3.200 (Q3 2023)^[76]	United Group B.V.	20209 (Q-Telecom), 20210 (Nova)

Guernsey

The British Crown dependency Guernsey has 0.055 million subscribers in total, or a 95% penetration rate^{[citation needed]} (December 2005).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Sure	GSM-900 2100 MHz UMTS LTE	Not yet available	Batelco	23455
2	JT	GSM-1800 2100 MHz UMTS LTE	Not yet available	JT Group	23450
3	Airtel-Vodafone	GSM-1800 2100 MHz UMTS LTE	0.45	Batelco	23403

Hungary

Hungary has 11.8 million subscribers in total^[77] (December 2017).

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Hungary is NMHH – Nemzeti Média-, és Hírközlési Hatóság.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Magyar Telekom (formerly Westel 900, Westel, T-Mobile)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, VoWiFi (LTE 800 MHz is in cooperating with Yettel) 700 (DSS) /2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	5.582 (Q3 2021)^[14]	Deutsche Telekom AG (61.39%), free float (40.79%)^[78]	21630
2	Yettel (formerly Pannon GSM, Pannon, Telenor HU)	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, VoWiFi (LTE 800 MHz is in cooperating with Magyar Telekom) 3500 MHz 5G NR/5G SA	3.449 (Q2 2021)^[45]	e& PPF Telecom Group	21601
3	One (formerly Vodafone)	• Includes the previous UPC Hungary and DIGI Mobile networks too. \|\| GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 700 MHz 5G NR (DSS)	3.003 (Q3 2023)^[6]	4iG	21670

Iceland

Iceland has 0.470 million subscribers in total, or a 129.19% penetration rate^[30] (July 2019).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Síminn (formerly Landssíminn)	900/2100 MHz UMTS 700/1800/2600 MHz LTE VoLTE 3600 MHz 5G NR	0.173^[79] (July 2019)	Síminn	27401
2	Nova	2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 1800 MHz LTE VoLTE 3500 MHz 5G NR	0.155^[79] (July 2019)	Nova	27411
3	Sýn (formerly Vodafone, Og Vodafone, Íslandssími)	2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800 MHz LTE 3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE	0.130^[79] (July 2019)	Free float	27402

Ireland

As the end of March 2022 Ireland had 8.117 million mobile subscribers in total, representing a 158.4% penetration rate.

If mobile broadband and M2M subscriptions are excluded, the total number of mobile subscribers was 5.414 million, representing a 105.6% penetration rate.^[80]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Ireland is the Commission for Communications Regulation (ComReg).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Three • Includes the previous O₂ network	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A (Operating on a temporary licence) 1800/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML, eSIM	4.942 (Q4 2024)^[15]	CK Hutchison Holdings	27205 (Three), 27202 (O₂)
2	Vodafone (formerly Eircell)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+, DC‑HSPA+ * 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A (Operating on a temporary licence) 1800/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, RCS, AML, eSIM * 3G Network has been fully shutdown in 2024	2.109 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc	27201
3	eir (formerly Meteor)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A (Operating on a temporary licence) 1800/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML	1.560 (Q3 2025) 1.164 (excluding MBB and M2M) (Q2 2025)	Iliad (31.6%), NJJ (32.9%)^[81]	27203

Isle of Man

The British Crown dependency Isle of Man has an unknown number of subscribers in total and an unknown percentage penetration rate.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Manx Telecom	GSM-900 2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800 MHz LTE	Not yet available	Basalt Investment Partners	23458
2	Sure	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800 MHzLTE, LTE-A	Not yet available	Batelco	23436

Italy

As of September 2025, Italy has 110.5 million active mobile SIMs in total (79.3 million human SIMs and 31.3 million M2M SIMs).^[82] The country's telecom regulator is AGCOM.

In 2016 3 Italy and Wind agreed to complete a merger that was approved by European and national authorities, and since March 2020 all consumer and business offers are sold under the new brand Wind Tre.^[83]

A new operator, Iliad entered the Italian market in May 2018 as a consequence of this merger.^[84]

In 2024 Swisscom acquired Vodafone Italy from Vodafone Group with the aim of merging it with its subsidiary Fastweb.^[85]

The subscriber figures below refer to human SIMs (excluding M2M) and are approximate, derived from AGCOM's human-SIM totals and market shares.^[82]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (human SIMs, millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Fastweb + Vodafone (reported by AGCOM as Fastweb+Vodafone)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3700/28000 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML	≈23.7 (Sep 2025)^[82] (AGCOM notes include ho-mobile within the group)	Swisscom	222 10; 222 08
2	TIM (formerly SIP)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3700/28000 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML	≈20.5 (Sep 2025)^[82] (Includes Kena Mobile)	TIM Group	222 01
3	Wind Tre (formerly 3 Italy and Wind)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE), UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 1800/2600/3500/28000 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML	≈19.1 (Sep 2025)^[82] (Includes Very Mobile)	CK Hutchison Holdings	222 88; 222 99
4	Iliad	Roaming on Wind Tre 2G 900 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 700/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A (RAN sharing on Wind Tre where needed) 700/3500/28000 MHz 5G NR AML, VoLTE	≈8.9 (Sep 2025)^[82]	Iliad SA	222 50

Jersey

The British Crown dependency Jersey.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	JT	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE	Not yet available	JT Group	23450
2	Sure	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS LTE	Not yet available	Batelco	23455
3	Airtel-Vodafone	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS LTE	0.45	Batelco	23403

Kosovo

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Vala	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE	Not yet available	Telecom of Kosovo	22101
2	IPKO	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS LTE	Not yet available	Telekom Slovenije	22102

Latvia

Latvia has 2.243 million subscribers in total, or a 99.72% penetration rate^[30] (December 2009).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	LMT	GSM-900/1800 MHz 900/2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+ 700/800/1500/1800/2100/2300/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE	1.451 (Q1 2024)^[57]	Telia (49%), Tet (Possessor (51%) and Telia (49%)) (23%), Latvian State Radio and Television Centre (LVRTC) (23%), Possessor (5%)	24701
2	Tele2	GSM-900/1800 MHz 900/2100 MHz UMTS 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/1500/3500 MHz - 5G NR	1.065 (Q3 2024)^[59]	Tele2	24702
3	Bitė	GSM-900 MHz 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2300/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 1500/3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.554 (Q1 2024)^[86]	Providence Equity Partners	24705
4	Triatel	450 MHz CDMA2000^[87]			24703
5	Xomobile	International mobile network based in Latvia^[88]			24709

Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein has 0.039 million subscribers in total, or a 105% penetration rate^[30] (April 2015).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	FL1 [de] (formerly Mobilkom Liechtenstein AG)	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 800/2100/2600 MHz LTE	not available	State-owned	29505
2	7acht (formerly Orange FL)	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE	not available	Salt Mobile	29502
3	Swisscom FL	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS 900/1800/2100 MHz LTE VoLTE	not available	Swisscom	29501

The Liechtenstein mobile phone system is attached to Switzerland, and customers of these three providers can roam on Swiss networks without additional fees.

Lithuania

Lithuania has 4.49 million subscribers in total, or a 161% penetration rate (Q4 2023).^[89]

Each of the three largest network operators have flanker brands – Pildyk (Tele2), Ežys (Telia) and Labas (Bite).

The regulator is Ryšių Reguliavimo Tarnyba (RRT).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Tele2	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWIFI 700 MHz, 3500 MHz - 5G NR	1.94 (Q3 2025)^[59]	Tele2	24603
2	Telia Lietuva (formerly Omnitel, Teo LT)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1500*/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWIFI 700 MHz, 3500 MHz - 5G NR	1.71 (Q3 2025)^[57]	Telia Company	24601
3	Bitė • includes the previous Mezon network.	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2300/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWIFI 2300 MHz TDD, 2600 MHz TDD - 5G NR	1.19 (Q1 2024)^[86]	Providence Equity Partners	24602 24608 • includes the previous Mezon network.

Luxembourg

Luxembourg has 719,000 subscribers in total, or a 148% penetration rate^[30] (December 2009).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Orange	GSM-1800 (EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, DC-HSPA+ 1800 MHz LTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.225 (Q4 2022)	Orange Belgium	27099
2	Tango	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 1800 MHz LTE VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.295 (Q4 2022)	Proximus Group	27077
3	POST	GSM-900/1800 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 1800 MHz LTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.250 ^{[citation needed]}	POST Luxembourg	27001
4	Luxembourg Online	2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA	Not yet available	Luxembourg Online	27005

Malta

Malta has 0.702 million subscribers in total, or a 130.19% penetration rate^[90] (June 2023).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Epic (formerly Telecell, Vodafone)	GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.341^[6] (June 2025)	Monaco Telecom	27801
2	GO (formerly MALTACOM)	GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.279^[91] (June 2025)	Tunisie Telecom (65.42%), public (34.58%)	27821
3	Melita	2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A Pro 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.173^[91] (June 2025)	EQT AB (pending sale to Goldman Sachs Alternatives^[92])	27877

Moldova

Moldova has 4.263 million subscribers in total, or a 120% penetration rate^[93] (2012).

The country's telecommunications regulator is ANRCETI.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Orange	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 2100/3500 MHz - 5G NR	2.097 (Q3 2021)^[94]	Orange S.A. (94.3%)	25901
2	Moldcell	GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE VoLTE 3500 MHz - 5G NR	1.4 (2020)^[95]	CG Corp Global^[96]	25902
3	Moldtelecom	900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 700/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 3500 MHz - 5G NR	0.459 (2020)^[95]	Moldtelecom	25903,25905,25999
Operators in Transnistria
1	Interdnestrcom	800 MHz LTE VoLTE^[97]	0.291 (2012)^[98]	Sheriff	25906

Monaco

Monaco has 0.023 million subscribers on the Monaco Telecom network, or a 70.1% penetration rate^[30] (December 2009).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Monaco Telecom	900/2100 MHz UMTS 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE 700/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi	0.021	NJJ 55%, Société Nationale de Financement 45%	21210

Montenegro

Montenegro has 1,097,574 subscribers in total, or a 177.02% penetration rate (October 2013).^[99]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Montenegro is (Agencija za elektronske komunikacije i poštansku djelatnost).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers^[100]	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	M:TEL	GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE 700/3600 MHz 5G NR	41% (Dec 2025)	51% Telekom Srbija, 49% Telekom Srpske	29703
2	Crnogorski Telekom	GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	36% (Dec 2025)	Hrvatski Telekom (76.53%) (Deutsche Telekom AG 60.49%), free float (23.47%)	29702
3	One Montenegro	GSM 900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 700/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE 700/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR	23% (Dec 2025)	4iG^[5]	29701

Netherlands

The Netherlands has 22.12 million subscribers in total, or a 125.7% penetration rate^[101] (Q1 2023).

The regulatory authorities for telecommunication in the Netherlands are the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM: Autoriteit Consument & Markt) and the Dutch Authority for Digital Infrastructure (RDI: Rijksdienst Digitale Infrastructuur).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Odido (formerly T-Mobile, Ben) • Includes the previous Tele2 and Orange (Dutchtone) networks.	900/2100* MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+** Only active on sites without low-band antennas. 3G to be discontinued from 1 August 2026^[102] 800/900/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2600 MHz TD-LTE VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR **detailed information on sites and frequencies to be found on the antennekaart website^[103]	7.3 (Q4 2024)^[104]	WP/AP Telecom Holdings IV B.V. (Warburg Pincus 50%, Apax Partners 50%)	20416 and 20402
2	KPN • Includes the previous Telfort (O₂ Netherlands) network.	900* MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 2G to be discontinued as of 1 December 2027^[105] 800/900/1500/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2600 MHz TD-LTE VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR 450 MHz CDMA (Smart meters only) *detailed information on sites and frequencies to be found on the antennekaart website^[106]	6.1 (Q2 2025)^[107]	Koninklijke KPN	20408
3	Vodafone (formerly Libertel)	900/1800* MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) Only active on sites without low-band antennas. 800/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML 700/1800/3500 MHz 5G NR using Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) **detailed information on sites and frequencies to be found on the antennekaart website^[108]	5.605 (Q3 2025)^[6]	VodafoneZiggo (Vodafone Group 50%, Liberty Global 50%)	20404

North Macedonia

North Macedonia has 2.299 million subscribers in total, or a 105% penetration rate (Q3 2012).^[109]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in North Macedonia is AEC.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Telekom (formerly T-Mobile, MOBIMAK)	GSM-900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, 700/3600 MHz 5G NR	1.211 (Q3 2021)^[110]	Magyar Telekom (59,21%) (Deutsche Telecom (61,39%))	29401
2	A1 (formerly one, Vip, Cosmofon)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 800/1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, 700/3600 MHz 5G NR	1.084 (Q2 2021)^[13]	A1 Group	29403
3	One Macedonia	1800 MHz LTE 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	Expected Q2 2026	4iG Group	TBA

Norway

Norway has 5.730 million subscribers in total, or a 108.97% penetration rate^[30] (December 2016).

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Norway is the Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Telenor	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) (2G to be discontinued in 2027)^[111] 3G discontinued in January 2021^[112] 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	2.544 (Q4 2025)^[55]	Telenor Government of Norway (54%)	24201
2	Telia (formerly NetCom) • Includes the previous Tele2 network.	2G discontinued in December 2025^[113] 3G discontinued in November 2021^[114] 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	1.846 (Q4 2025)^[57]	Telia Company	24202
3	Ice (formerly Ice.net)	2G discontinued in May 2025^[115] 700/800/900/1800/2100 MHz LTE (Roams on Telenor network in areas without its own coverage)^[116] VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	1.049 (Q4 2025)^[117]	Lyse AS^[118]	24214, 24206

Poland

Poland has 58.6 million subscribers in total (Q4 2020).^[119]

The country's telecom regulator is UKE (Urząd Komunikacji Elektronicznej).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Orange (formerly Idea)	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, ViLTE, VoWiFi (shares network with T-Mobile)	19.393 (Q4 2025) 13.915 (excluding M2M)	Orange S.A. (50.67%), free float (49.33%)	26003
2	T-Mobile (formerly Era)	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi (shares network with Orange)	13.531 (Q4 2025)	Deutsche Telekom AG	26002
3	Play	E-GSM/GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, ViLTE, VoWiFi (for supported iOS/Android devices)	13.500 (Q4 2025)	Iliad SA	26006
4	Plus (formerly Plus GSM)	GSM 900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) UMTS 900/2100 MHz (HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+) 420/900/1800/2100/2600/2600TDD MHz LTE, LTE-A 2100/2600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi	13.280 (Q2 2025)	Grupa Polsat Plus	26001

Portugal

Portugal has 17.6 million subscribers in total, or a 170.5% penetration rate (13.1 million active subscribers or 127.4% penetration rate)^[120] (Q3 2017).

The country's telecom regulator is ANACOM. Following the commercial launch of DIGI in late 2024, the market has seen a significant shift in subscriber distribution.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	NOS	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE 700/3500 MHz 5G NR (5G SA)	6.118 (Q3 2024)^[121]	NOS	26803
2	MEO	GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/3600 MHz 5G NR	5.698 (Q2 2024)^[122]	Altice	26806
3	Vodafone	GSM-900 (GPRS, EDGE) 900 MHz UMTS, HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	4.536 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc	26801
4	DIGI	GSM-900 (Roaming) 1800/2100 MHz LTE 2600/3500 MHz 5G NR	0.789 (Q2 2025)^[26]	Digi Communications N.V.	26802

Romania

Romania has 22.8 million active subscribers in total, or a 104% penetration rate (2024).^[123] The country's telecom regulator is ANCOM. Following the acquisition of Telekom Romania Mobile by Vodafone and Digi in October 2025, the market has consolidated into three main players.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Orange	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 700(B28)/800(B20)/900(B8)/1500(B32)/1800(B3)/2100(B1)/2600(B7) MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, VoWiFi 2100/3500 MHz 5G	9.1 (Q4 2025)^[94]	Orange S.A.	22610
2	Digi	GSM-900 (no GPRS, no EDGE) 800(B20)/900(B8)/2100(B1)/2600 FDD(B7)/2600 TDD(B38) LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, VoWiFi 2600FDD/ 2600TDD/3500 MHz 5G	8.65 (7.2 + 1.45 from Telekom prepaid) (Q3 2025)^[26]	Digi Communications N.V.	22605
3	Vodafone	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 700(B28)/800(B20)/900(B8)/1800(B3)/2100(B1) MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE, ViLTE, VoWiFi 2100/3500 MHz 5G	8.44 (6.3 + 1.98 from Telekom postpaid) (Q3 2025)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc	22601

Russia

The country's telecom regulator is Roskomnadzor (RKN).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	Mobile country code
Big four mobile network operators
1	MTS	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, VoLTE 800/900/1800 MHz NB-IoT, 4900 MHz 5G NR	83.4 (Q4 2025)^[11]	PJSC Sistema (42.09%), PJSC MTS (1.93%), free float (50.03%)^[124]	25001
2	MegaFon (formerly North-West GSM)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 800/1800/2500/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE	79.37 (Q4 2025)^[125]	OOO USM Holdings (50%), OOO AF Telecom Holdings (50%)^[126]	25002
3	t2 (formerly Tele2)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+ 450/800/900/1800/2100/2300/2600 MHz LTE	48.9 (Q4 2025)^[127]	PJSC Rostelecom	25020
4	Beeline	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE	44.1 (Q3 2023)^[128]	PJSC VimpelCom	25099
Regional mobile network operators
5	K-Telecom Coverage: Crimea, Sevastopol, Luhansk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Kherson	GSM-900/1800 MHz 2100 MHz UMTS 2600 MHz LTE	3.0 (2025)	OOO K-Telecom	25032, 25096
6	MOTIV Coverage: Sverdlovsk, Kurgan, Khanty-Mansi, Yamalo-Nenets	GSM-1800 MHz 1800/2500 MHz LTE, VoLTE	2.5 (2025)^[129]	OOO EKATERINBURG-2000	25035
7	Miranda Coverage: Crimea, Sevastopol, Luhansk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Kherson	GSM-900 MHz 2100 MHz UMTS 450 MHz LTE	2.1 (2025)	OOO Miranda-Media	25054
8	Letai (formerly Tattelecom) Coverage: Tatarstan	GSM-1800 MHz 1800 MHz LTE	2.0 (2025)^[130]	PJSC Tattelecom	25027
9	Phoenix Coverage: Donetsk	GSM-900/1800 MHz 2100 MHz UMTS 800/900/1800/2600 MHz LTE	1.5 (2023)^[131]	SUE DPR "ROS"	25097
10	MKS Coverage: Luhansk	GSM-900/1800 MHz 2100 MHz UMTS 900/1800/2600 MHz LTE	1.0 (2022)^[132]	OOO MKS	25098
11	Vainah Telecom Coverage: Chechnya	GSM-900/1800 MHz 2300 MHz LTE	0.1 (2020)^[133]	JSC Vainah Telecom	25008

San Marino

San Marino has 0.037 million subscribers in total, or a 116.95% penetration rate^[30] (December 2013).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	TIM San Marino	GSM-900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A		TIM	22201

Serbia

Serbia has 9.1987 million subscribers based on the three-month customer activity, or a 128.09% penetration rate^[134] (December 2013).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in % & Millions)^[135]	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	MTS	900 MHz - GSM 900/2100 MHz - 3G 800/1800/2100 MHz - LTE 700/2100DSS/3700 MHz - 5G NR VoLTE, ViLTE, eSIM,LTE-A, Multi-SIM	~37% (~ 3.4)(Q4 2025)	Telekom Srbija	22003
2	Yettel	900 MHz - GSM 700/800/1800/1900/2100/2600 MHz - LTE 700/3600 MHz - 5G NR VoLTE, ViLTE, eSIM,LTE-A,LTE-A Pro,Multi-SIM	~37% (~ 3.4)(Q4 2025)	e& PPF Telecom Group	22001
3	A1	900 MHz - GSM 800/1800/2100 MHz - LTE 700/3500 MHz - 5G NR VoLTE, ViLTE, eSIM,LTE-A, Multi-SIM	~25% (~ 2.3)(Q4 2025)	A1 Group	22005

Slovakia

Slovakia has 7.68 million subscribers in total, or a 132.79% penetration rate. All facts are based on the three-month customer activity base^[136] (October 2019).

The regulatory authority for electronic communications "telecommunication" in Slovakia is Úrad pre reguláciu elektronických komunikácií a poštových služieb (RÚ).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Orange (formerly Globtel, Slovtel)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro (Allows 4ka to access 900 and 2100 MHz)700/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, RCS	2.392 (Q4 2024)^[94]	Orange S.A.	23101, 23105
2	O₂ (formerly Telefónica, O2 Telefónica)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) (Roaming on Telekom Slovakia (2G) when needed) 900 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A 1800/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, RCS	2.343 (Q4 2024)^[45]	e& PPF Telecom Group	23106
3	Telekom (formerly Eurotel, T-Mobile)	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro 2600 MHz TD-LTE 700/2100/3600 MHz 5G NR (3600 MHz only in Bratislava)VoLTE, VoWiFi, RCS	2.211 (Q4 2024)^[14]	Deutsche Telekom AG	23102, 23104
4	4ka (SWAN)	1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) (Roaming on Orange Slovakia (2G, 4G (900, 2100 MHz) when out of native coverage) 1800 MHz LTE, LTE-A Pro VoLTE, ViLTE, VoWiFi, RCS 3600 MHz 5G NR	0.670^[137]^[138] (Q2 2025)	SWAN	23103

Slovenia

Slovenia has 2,813,810 subscribers in total, or a 133% penetration rate^[139] (Q4 2025).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Telekom Slovenije (formerly Mobitel)	GSM 900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/2600/3600 MHz 5G NR/5G SA	1.111 (Q4 2025) Including Mega M, Novatel MOBIL, SoftNet mobil	Telekom Slovenije	29341
2	A1 (formerly Si.mobil)	GSM 900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 800/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	0.873 (Q4 2025) Including bob, Hotmobil	A1 Group	29340
3	Telemach (formerly Tušmobil)	GSM 900/1800 (GPRS, EDGE) 900 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2300 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 700/3600 MHz 5G NR	0.696 (Q4 2025)^[36]	United Group	29370
4	T-2	2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA (Roaming on A1 (2G/LTE/5G, VoLTE) network when needed) 2100 MHz LTE 2300 MHz 5G NR	0.190 (Q4 2025)	Garnol (pending sale to Telemach)	29364

Spain

Spain has 63.009 million subscribers in total, or a 128.40% penetration rate (Dic 2025).^[140]

The regulatory authority for telecommunication in Spain is CNMC (Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia).

Note: The number of subscribers of each operator includes the subscribers of the main brand and the rest of its brands and subsidiaries.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	MásOrange (formerly Amena) •Includes the previous Yoigo network.	900/1800 MHz GSM, GPRS, EDGE 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 700/800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, VoNR	25.984^[140] (Dic 2025)	Orange S.A.^[141]	21403 21404
2	Movistar (formerly MoviLine)	900/1800 MHz GSM, GPRS, EDGE 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, VoNR, ViLTE	16.437 (May 2026)^[73]	Telefónica S.A.	21407
3	Vodafone (formerly Airtel)	900/1800 MHz GSM, GPRS, EDGE 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+ 700/800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi	11.655^[140] (Dic 2025)	Zegona Communications Plc.	21401
4	DIGI	1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A 3500 MHz 5G NR (RAN sharing & roaming with Movistar where there is no coverage) VoLTE, VoWiFi	7.38^[140] (Dic 2025)	Digi Communications N.V.	21422

Sweden

Headquarters of Swedish Post and Telecom Authority

Sweden has 14.3 million subscribers in total, approximately 140% penetration rate (2020).^[142] The country's telcom regulator is Swedish Post and Telecom Authority.

There are four main network operators, and they share various 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network infrastructure through co-ownership in separate network companies. Tele2 and Telenor share network infrastructure through their company Net4Mobility.^[143] Telia and Tele2 share network infrastructure through UMTS Nät AB.^[144] Tre and Telenor share network infrastructure through 3GIS.^[145]^[146]

Sweden also has a number of flanker brands and virtual operators, most notable are Halebop, Comviq, Fello, Hallon, Vimla, Mybeat, Tellusmobil and Chilimobil.

Some of world's largest producers of mobile network equipment have strong ties to Sweden. Ericsson^[147] is based in Sweden while Nokia, Siemens, Huawei and ZTE have major research centers in the country, often clustered around Kista and Lund.^[148]^[149]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Telia	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/3500 MHz 5G NR	3.876 (Q4 2025)^[57]	Telia Company	24001
2	Telenor (formerly Vodafone)	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/900/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 3500 MHz 5G NR	3.088 (Q4 2025)^[55]	Telenor	24008
3	Tele2	GSM-900/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/900/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 3500 MHz 5G NR	2.195 (Q4 2025)^[59]	Tele2 AB (Freya Investissement (Iliad/NJJ) 19.84%)^[150]	24007
4	Tre	900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA 800/2100/2600 MHz FD-LTE, 2600 MHz TD-LTE, LTE-A 2100/2600/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi	1.940 (Q4 2024)^[15]	CK Hutchison Holdings (60%), Investor AB (40%)	24002

Switzerland

Switzerland has 11.365 million mobile subscribers and a 138% penetration rate^[151] (December 2014).

The country's telecom regulator is BAKOM.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Postpaid Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Swisscom	700/800/900/1500 (FDD SDL)/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi, VoNR 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR	5.556 (Q3 2025)^[152]	Partially state-owned (50% plus one share), free float (49%)	22801
2	Sunrise (formerly diAx)	900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE 900/3500 MHz 5G NR	2.806 (Q4 2024)^[153]	Free float (100%)	22802
3	Salt (formerly Orange CH)	900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A VoLTE, VoWiFi 3500 MHz 5G NR	1.800 (Q3 2025)^[154]	NJJ^[155]	22803

Turkey

Turkey has 94.5 million subscribers in total, or a 110.7% penetration rate^[156] (Q1 2025).

The telecom regulator in Turkey is Information and Communication Technologies Authority (Turkish: BTK: Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu).

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership
1	Turkcell	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+, 3C-HSDPA 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 700 Mhz FDD / 3.5 GHz TDD 5G	38.3 (Q1 2025)^[156]	Turkey Wealth Fund (26.2%), LetterOne (19.8%), free float (54%)
2	Türk Telekom (formerly Avea, Aria, Aycell)	GSM 900 (only in rural areas)/1800 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 700 Mhz FDD / 3.5 GHz TDD 5G	27.9 (Q1 2025)^[156]	Türk Telekom (Turkey Wealth Fund (60%), Ministry of Treasury and Finance (Turkey) (25%), free float (15%)) ^[157]
3	Vodafone Turkey (formerly Telsim)	GSM 900 MHz (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 800/900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro VoLTE, VoWiFi, eSIM 700 Mhz FDD / 3.5 GHz TDD 5G	25.186 (Q4 2026)^[6]	Vodafone Group plc

Ukraine

The country's telecom regulator is NKRZI (National commission for the state regulation of: electronic communications; RF spectrum; the provision of postal services, Ukrainian: НКРЗІ, Національна комісія, що здійснює державне регулювання у сферах електронних комунікацій, радіочастотного спектра та надання послуг поштового зв`язку).

Due to the Russo-Ukrainian war, roaming on other operator's networks is free and includes voice calls, SMS and mobile 2G / 3G Internet at speeds up to 512 kbit/s.^[158]

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Kyivstar (Including previous Beeline Ukraine network)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 900/1800/2100/2300/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, VoLTE	23.4 (Q2 2024)	VEON (LetterOne (45.5%), The Stichting (7.9%), Lingotto Investment Management LLP (7.8%), Shah Capital Management Inc. (6.7%), free float 32.1%)	25503
2	Vodafone (formerly MTS Ukraine, UMC)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+ 900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A	15.9 (Q2 2024)	Bakcell	25501
3	lifecell (formerly life:)	900/1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 900/2100 MHz UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA+, 3C-HSDPA 900/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, VoLTE, VoWi-Fi	9.8 (Q2 2024)	DVL Telecom (NJJ 85%)	25506

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom has over 95 million mobile connections in total (2026).

The country's telecom regulator is Ofcom. Following the merger of Vodafone UK and Three UK in May 2025, the market is led by the joint venture VodafoneThree.

Rank	Operator	Technology	Subscribers (in millions)	Ownership	MCC / MNC
1	Vodafone	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 800/900/1500/1800/2100/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2600 MHz TD-LTE 900/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML	28.3 (Q4 2026)^[6] (Includes VOXI, SMARTY & Talkmobile)	VodafoneThree (51% Vodafone Group plc, 49% CK Hutchison Holdings)	23415
1	Three	700/800/1800/1500/2100 MHz LTE, 700/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML, RCS	28.3 (Q4 2026)^[6] (Includes VOXI, SMARTY & Talkmobile)		23420
2	O2	900 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/900/1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A 2300/2600 MHz TD-LTE 700/900/2100/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML, RCS	22.0 (Q1 2026)^[159] (Includes giffgaff)	Virgin Media O2 (50% Telefónica, 50% Liberty Global)	23410
3	EE	1800 MHz GSM (GPRS, EDGE) 700/800/1800/2100/2600/5200 MHz LTE, LTE-A 700/1800/2100/2600/3500 MHz 5G NR VoLTE, VoWiFi, AML, RCS	21.2 (Q3 2025)^[160]	BT Group	23430

References

↑ "2021 Q1 report" (PDF). AKEP (in Albanian). 2021.
1 2 "4iG Acquires majority stake in leading Albanian telecommunications company". 4iG Nyrt. 1 October 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
↑ "ONE Albania completes migration of ALBtelecom customers". www.commsupdate.com. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
↑ Pham, Manny (13 April 2022). "4iG bolsters position to take on Hungary market rival". Developing Telecoms. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
1 2 "4iG has unified its telecommunications portfolio with Antenna Hungaria". www.4ig.hu. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 https://www.vodafone.com/~/media/Files/V/vodafone/corp/results-and-presentations/vodafone-q4-fy26-additional-information.xlsx. Retrieved 12 May 2026. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ "Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
↑ "Andorra Telecom - Les xifres". www.andorratelecom.com. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
↑ "International Telecommunication Union – BDT". ITU.int. Archived from the original on 28 October 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
↑ "Middle East :: Armenia — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 4 January 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
1 2 3 "Финансовые и операционные результаты Группы МТС за 4 квартал 2025". mts.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 5 March 2026.
↑ "RTR Telekom Monitor Jahresbericht 2014" (PDF) (in German). RTR-GmbH. 30 June 2015. pp. 8, 17, 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
1 2 3 "Bulgarian Communications Regulation Commission".
1 2 3 4 5 "Financial results third quarter 2023" (PDF). telekom.com. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
1 2 3 4 "Trading Update for the quarter ended 31 March 2025" (PDF). www.ckhutchisontelecom.com. CK HUTCHISON GROUP TELECOM HOLDINGS LIMITED. 12 May 2025. p. 6. Retrieved 16 May 2025.
↑ "Telia Company AB Interim report Q1 2017" (XLSX). teliasonera.com. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
↑ Bakcell 4G FAQ^{[dead link]}
↑ "Results center".
↑ "Q2 2022 Financial and Operational Data". turkcell.com.tr. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
↑ "Situation du secteur des communications électroniques" (PDF). 17 July 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
↑ "Quarterly Report - Q4 2024" (PDF). Proximus Group. 28 February 2025. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
↑ "Notification to Belgian Financial Services and Markets Authority" (PDF). Proximus.be. 14 November 2023.
↑ "Financial information for the second semester and full year 2024" (PDF). Orange Belgium. Retrieved 10 March 2025.^{[dead link]}
↑ "Telenet Reports Preliminary Q2 2024 Results". Telenet Group. Retrieved 10 March 2025.
↑ "DIGI makes a splash as fourth MNO in Belgium, leans on convergence". Ookla.com, 16 December 2024. 16 December 2024. Retrieved 31 December 2024.
1 2 3 "Digi Communications N.V. Preliminary financial results for the period ended June 30, 2025 (31.08.2025)" (PDF). digi.ro. 31 August 2025.
↑ U šta telekomi ulažu sredstva od naplate 1 KM?. 20 July 2023.
↑ "Regulatorna agencija za komunikacije". rak.ba (in Bosnian). Retrieved 19 February 2018.
↑ "BH Telecom gasi 3G mrežu: 'Možete imati poteškoće s pozivima, slanjem poruka i korištenjem mobilnog interneta'". depo.ba (in Croatian). Retrieved 19 February 2026.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "CRC yearly report 2024" (PDF). crc.bg. CRC. Retrieved 7 July 2025.
↑ "CRC.bg - Комисия за регулиране на съобщенията". www.crc.bg.
↑ "A1 Telekom Austria Group - Fact Sheet" (XLSX). a1.group.
↑ "Key operational and financial metrics" (PDF). www.datocms-assets.com. p. 20.
↑ "Hakom Mobile Report Q4 2017" (PDF). hakom.hr. Retrieved 7 November 2015.^{[dead link]}
"Hakom – Mobile Market Share Q42011" (PDF). hakom.hr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2012.
1 2 "United Group Q1 2021 High Yield Bondholder Report" (PDF). united.group. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
1 2 3 4 5 "FAS 2023" (PDF). Rizzo Farrugia Investment Consultants. May 2023. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
↑ "5G Network".
↑ "2012 Annual Report" (PDF). CYTA. July 2013. p. 4. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
↑ "Quarterly update for the period ended 31 March 2014" (PDF). MTN Group. 24 April 2014. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
↑ "Yeni Nesil Mobil Haberleşme Teknolojileri Ülkemizde Uygulanmaya Başlıyor". www.bthk.org (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
1 2 "BTHK 2023 Q2 report" (PDF). Retrieved 2 October 2023.
↑ "Super 4.5G Şebeke Ayarları". www.kktctelsim.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 11 November 2023.
↑ "The Annual Report of the Czech Telecommunication Office for 2011" (PDF). Czech Telecommunication Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
1 2 3 "O2". ppfeutelecom.es. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
↑ "Telecom Statistics – 1st half 2014 – Main Tables" (XLS). erhvervsstyrelsen.dk. Retrieved 15 January 2015.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ Elkær, Mads (3 October 2011). "IT- og Telestyrelsen trækker stikket ud og lukker". Computerworld (in Danish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ "Danmark dumpar sin motsvarighet till PTS". TelekomNyheterna (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ Loiborg, Christian (3 October 2011). "It spredes på 4 ministerier – IT- og Telestyrelsen nedlægges". Version2 (in Danish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ "TDC klar til tophastigheder i hele Danmark" (http). TDC.com. Archived from the original on 26 July 2014.
↑ "Nuuday Annual Report 2025" (PDF). nuuday.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ "Telia Denmark names 2 directors as it prepares to rebrand as Norlys Mobil". telecompaper.com. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
↑ "Norlys Annual Report 2024" (PDF). norlys.dk. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
↑ "Sale of Telia Denmark to Norlys closes". teliacompany.com. 2 April 2024.
1 2 3 4 "Telenor Q4 2025 Results" (PDF). telenor.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ "International Telecommunication Union – BDT". ITU.int. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
1 2 3 4 5 6 "Telia Company Annual Report 2025" (PDF). teliacompany.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
1 2 "Elisa Operational Data Q4 2025". elisa.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
1 2 3 4 "Tele2 - Annual Report - 2025" (PDF). tele2.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ "Telecom Statistics" (PDF). 28 August 2021.
↑ "Observatoire des marchés des communications électroniques en France – Observatoire des investissements et de l'emploi – 3ème trimestre 2013 – résultats définitifs (9 janvier 2014)". Arcep.fr. 9 January 2014.
↑ "Financial results at 31 March 2025". Orange.com. 31 March 2025. Retrieved 17 May 2025.
↑ "ALTICE FRANCE Q3 2025 RESULTS" (PDF). Altice France. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ "Numericable-SFR, Altice acquire Vivendi stake". Telegeography.com. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
↑ "Résultats 2025" (PDF). www.bouygues.com. 26 February 2026. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ "Le Groupe iliad est le leader de la croissance en Europe pour la quatrième année consécutive". iliad.fr. 24 March 2026. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ Georgia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
↑ "Mobile • Subscribers by companies".
↑ "5G it's Magti!". Magticom. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
1 2 3 "Mobile • Subscribers by companies". analytics.comcom.ge. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
↑ "О компании — «МегаФон» Республика Южная Осетия" (in Russian).
↑ "Telekom Results". www.telekom.com. Telekom. Retrieved 13 November 2025.
1 2 "Telefonica Results". Telefonica.com. Telefonica. 14 May 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026. Cite error: The named reference "Telefonica Results" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
↑ "Teilnehmerentwicklung im Mobilfunk". bundesnetzagentur.de. Retrieved 22 July 2024.
↑ "OTE Group Reports 2023 Second Quarter Results" (PDF). cosmote.gr. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
↑ "Άγγιξε το 100% το μερίδιο της Nova στις νέες συνδέσεις κινητής". Business Daily (in Greek). 20 September 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
↑ "Távközlés, internet, televíziószolgáltatás, 2017. IV. negyedév" (PDF). KSH.hu. March 2018.
↑ "BSE - Company Profile". client.bse.hu. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014.
1 2 3 "Statistics on the Icelandic Telecommunications Market The First Half of 2019" (PDF). Póst- og fjarskiptastofnun.
↑ "Quarterly Key Data Report Q1 2022". ComReg. 9 June 2022.
↑ Richaud, Nicolas (29 May 2018). "Comment Xavier Niel tisse sa toile dans les télécoms à l'étranger". Les Échos (in French). Paris. Retrieved 2 July 2018.^{[dead link]}
1 2 3 4 5 6 Osservatorio sulle comunicazioni n. 4/2025 (PDF) (Report) (in Italian). AGCOM. 31 October 2025. p. 8. Retrieved 21 January 2026.
↑ "Wind Tre is ready, the first mobile operator in Italy. Maximo Ibarra leads the company". www.windtre.it. Archived from the original on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
↑ "Fitch: Prospects of Wind/H3G Merger Approval Improved by Iliad Deal". Reuters. 6 July 2016.
↑ "Fastweb + Vodafone | Swisscom completes the acquisition of Vodafone Italia. Fastweb + Vodafone is born". fastwebvodafone.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2 January 2025.
1 2 "Bite Group - Investor Presentation of Q1 2024 Results" (PDF). bitegroup.net. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
↑ "triatel". triatel.lv. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011.
↑ "xomobile". xomobile.com.
↑ "Report on the electronic communications sector" (PDF). Communications Regulatory Authority of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
↑ "MCA Statistics Q4 2022". Malta Communications Authority. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
1 2 Cite error: The named reference MCA Q2 2025 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
↑ "EQT sells Melita to Goldman Sachs". 27 November 2024.
↑ "anrceti". anrceti.md.
1 2 3 "Databook KPIs (01.03.2026)". orange.com. 10 March 2026.
1 2 "anrceti". anrceti.md.
↑ "Divestment of Moldcell completed". www.teliacompany.com. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
↑ "CDG : Technology : LTE Operators". Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
↑ "Transnistrian Telecommunications Regulator". svyaz.gospmr.ru.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
↑ "Informacija o stanju tržišta elektronskih komunikacija za oktobar 2013. godine – mobilna telefonija" (PDF). Agencija za elektronske komunikacije i poštansku djelatnost. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
↑ Mobile Telephony Market ekip.me ^{[dead link]}
↑ "Digital 2023: The Netherlands". DataReportal.com. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
↑ "Odido optimaliseert mobiel netwerk: 3G wordt uitgefaseerd voor meer capaciteit op 4G en 5G". Odido.nl (in Dutch and English). 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
↑ "Antennekaart website". Antennekaart.nl (in Dutch). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
↑ "Odido omzet groeit naar EUR 2,3 miljard in 2024, sims naar 7,3 miljoen". telecompaper.com. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
↑ "Ga mee van 2G naar 4G en 5G". kpn.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 28 January 2024.
↑ "Antennekaart website". Antennekaart.nl (in Dutch). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
↑ "KPN at a glance". kpn.com. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
↑ "Antennekaart website". Antennekaart.nl (in Dutch). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
↑ "Report on the development of the electronic communication market for Q3 2012". Archived from the original on 5 June 2013. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
↑ "Magyar Telekom Group Q3 2021 Results Presentation" (PDF). Magyar Telekom. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
↑ "Takk for alt, 2G! - Dette må du vite om 2G-slukkingen". telenor.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 9 March 2025.
↑ "Vi fornyer mobilnettet – og sier farvel til 3G". Telenor (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 April 2022.
↑ "Fra høsten 2025 stenges 2G-nettet". Telia.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 5 May 2025.
↑ "Utfasing AV 3G-Nettet". Telia (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 April 2022.
↑ "Ice advarer: Eldre mobiler og utstyr mister dekning 27. mai". Tek.no (in Norwegian). 21 May 2025. Retrieved 25 May 2025.
↑ "Vi har inngått en ny nasjonal avtale med Telenor". ice.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 21 April 2025.
↑ "Lyse - Annual Report 2025" (PDF). lysekonsern.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 6 April 2026.
↑ "Om ice". ice.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 22 February 2026.
↑ "Raport o stanie rynku telekomunikacyjnego w 2020 roku". UKE. 30 June 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
↑ "anacom" (PDF). anacom.pt. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
↑ "2024 3Q Results" (PDF). Retrieved 14 November 2024.
↑ "ALTICE INTERNATIONAL Q2 2024" (PDF). Retrieved 14 November 2024.
↑ "Annual reports" (PDF). ANCOM.
↑ Структура акционерного капитала ПАО «МТС»
↑ "МегаФон подвёл финансовые итоги 2025 года" (in Russian). megafon.ru. 6 March 2026.
↑ Структура акционерного капитала ПАО «МегаФон»
↑ "Финансовые и операционные результаты деятельности «Ростелекома» за IV квартал 2025 г." (PDF). rt.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 26 February 2026.
↑ "Финансовые и операционные результаты билайна за 3 квартал 2023 года". Retrieved 31 January 2025.
↑ "О компании | Оператор связи МОТИВ в Свердловской области". motivtelecom.ru.
↑ "Таттелеком в цифрах".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ "Донецкий мобильный оператор «Феникс» заработает во всей России" (in Russian). 27 October 2023. Retrieved 6 March 2025.
↑ "Официальный сайт ООО «МКС»". mcs.ooo.
↑ "Связь с вайнахским акцентом" (in Russian). Retrieved 6 March 2025.
↑ "RATEL Press report May 2014". ratel.rs.
↑ Quarterly reports ratel.rs
↑ "Slováci za polroka prevolali miliardy minút. Väčšina ľudí má paušál". zive.aktuality.sk. 28 October 2019.
↑ "Prvý raz po štyroch rokoch". zive.aktuality.sk. 12 May 2022.
↑ "4ka má 600 000 zákazníkov: TOP 10 zaujímavostí o najmladšom operátorovi!". AndroidPortal.sk (in Slovak). 6 October 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
↑ d.o.o, Agenda (15 March 2024). "Agencija za komunikacijska omrežja in storitve Republike Slovenije: AKOS". www.akos-rs.si.
1 2 3 4 "CNMC Data". data.cnmc.es. Retrieved 31 December 2025.
↑ "Orange to fully own MasOrange in Spain for €4.25bn". tecknexus.com. Retrieved 15 January 2026.
↑ "Svensk telekommarknad 2020 (Rapportnummer PTS-ER-2021:21)" (PDF). Swedish Post and Telecom Authority (Post- och telestyrelsen). 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
↑ Kaufeldt, Ove (21 December 2022). "Tele2:s och Telenors 5G-nät fortsätter att växa". mobil.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ "Tele2 AB and Telia AB sign final agreement to form a jointly owned UMTS-network company". Tele2. 15 March 2001. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ Ahola, Teresa (20 April 2022). "5G med ledningsrätt oroar – så här ser planen ut". Fastighetsnytt (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ Jerräng, Marcus (13 March 2009). "Reva i 3g-nätet". Computer Sweden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ "Ericsson in Sweden". ericsson.com. 26 March 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ Guzmán, Rebecka (8 March 2011). "It-centrumet bara växer". Computer Sweden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ Stadigs, Jenny (20 May 2010). "Stockholm strategiskt viktigt för ZTE". Computer Sweden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
↑ "Freya Investissement".
↑ BAKOM, Bundesamt für Kommunikation. "Anzahl Mobilfunkkundinnen und -kunden". www.bakom.admin.ch. Archived from the original on 23 September 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
↑ "FY 2024 results - Analyst and investor presentation" (PDF). Swisscom.ch. 13 February 2025.
↑ "Q4 / FY 2024 Financial Results" (PDF). Sunrise.ch. 28 February 2025.
↑ "Matterhorn Telecom Holding S.A. Annual Report 2024" (PDF). Salt.ch. 27 March 2025.
↑ "Funds advised by Apax Partners agree to sell Orange Switzerland to NJJ Capital" (PDF). Orange Communications SA.^{[permanent dead link]}
1 2 3 "BTK Q1 2025 report" (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 9 May 2025.
↑ "Turk Telekom Ownership Structure". Türk Telekomünikasyon A.Ş.
↑ "Visit Ukraine – Information Page for Foreign Tourists". visitukraine.today. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
↑ . Virgin Media O2 Q126 financial results https://news.virginmediao2.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/VMO2-2026-Q1-Results-Infographic.pdftitle=VMO2 Q126 financial results. Retrieved 1 May 2026. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ "BT Results". BT Group. Retrieved 7 November 2025.

[1] "2021 Q1 report" (PDF). AKEP (in Albanian). 2021.

[:2-2] 1 2 "4iG Acquires majority stake in leading Albanian telecommunications company". 4iG Nyrt. 1 October 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2024.

[3] "ONE Albania completes migration of ALBtelecom customers". www.commsupdate.com. Retrieved 19 August 2023.

[4] Pham, Manny (13 April 2022). "4iG bolsters position to take on Hungary market rival". Developing Telecoms. Retrieved 29 April 2022.

[4ig.hu-5] 1 2 "4iG has unified its telecommunications portfolio with Antenna Hungaria". www.4ig.hu. Retrieved 29 April 2022.

[Vodafone_Results-6] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 https://www.vodafone.com/~/media/Files/V/vodafone/corp/results-and-presentations/vodafone-q4-fy26-additional-information.xlsx. Retrieved 12 May 2026. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

[cia-world-factbook-7] "Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2012.

[8] "Andorra Telecom - Les xifres". www.andorratelecom.com. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2021.

[9] "International Telecommunication Union – BDT". ITU.int. Archived from the original on 28 October 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2012.

[10] "Middle East :: Armenia — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 4 January 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2020.

[MTS-11] 1 2 3 "Финансовые и операционные результаты Группы МТС за 4 квартал 2025". mts.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 5 March 2026.

[rtr.at-12] "RTR Telekom Monitor Jahresbericht 2014" (PDF) (in German). RTR-GmbH. 30 June 2015. pp. 8, 17, 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

[A1-13] 1 2 3 "Bulgarian Communications Regulation Commission".

[DT-14] 1 2 3 4 5 "Financial results third quarter 2023" (PDF). telekom.com. Retrieved 9 November 2023.

[CK_Hutchison-15] 1 2 3 4 "Trading Update for the quarter ended 31 March 2025" (PDF). www.ckhutchisontelecom.com. CK HUTCHISON GROUP TELECOM HOLDINGS LIMITED. 12 May 2025. p. 6. Retrieved 16 May 2025.

[teliasonera1-16] "Telia Company AB Interim report Q1 2017" (XLSX). teliasonera.com. Retrieved 22 June 2017.

[17] Bakcell 4G FAQ^{[dead link]}

[18] "Results center".

[Turkcell-19] "Q2 2022 Financial and Operational Data". turkcell.com.tr. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

[20] "Situation du secteur des communications électroniques" (PDF). 17 July 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.

[21] "Quarterly Report - Q4 2024" (PDF). Proximus Group. 28 February 2025. Retrieved 10 March 2025.

[22] "Notification to Belgian Financial Services and Markets Authority" (PDF). Proximus.be. 14 November 2023.

[23] "Financial information for the second semester and full year 2024" (PDF). Orange Belgium. Retrieved 10 March 2025.^{[dead link]}

[24] "Telenet Reports Preliminary Q2 2024 Results". Telenet Group. Retrieved 10 March 2025.

[25] "DIGI makes a splash as fourth MNO in Belgium, leans on convergence". Ookla.com, 16 December 2024. 16 December 2024. Retrieved 31 December 2024.

[DIGI-26] 1 2 3 "Digi Communications N.V. Preliminary financial results for the period ended June 30, 2025 (31.08.2025)" (PDF). digi.ro. 31 August 2025.

[U_šta_telekomi_ulažu_sredstva_od_naplate_1_KM?-27] U šta telekomi ulažu sredstva od naplate 1 KM?. 20 July 2023.

[28] "Regulatorna agencija za komunikacije". rak.ba (in Bosnian). Retrieved 19 February 2018.

[29] "BH Telecom gasi 3G mrežu: 'Možete imati poteškoće s pozivima, slanjem poruka i korištenjem mobilnog interneta'". depo.ba (in Croatian). Retrieved 19 February 2026.

[autogenerated1-30] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "CRC yearly report 2024" (PDF). crc.bg. CRC. Retrieved 7 July 2025.

[31] "CRC.bg - Комисия за регулиране на съобщенията". www.crc.bg.

[32] "A1 Telekom Austria Group - Fact Sheet" (XLSX). a1.group.

[33] "Key operational and financial metrics" (PDF). www.datocms-assets.com. p. 20.

[34] "Hakom Mobile Report Q4 2017" (PDF). hakom.hr. Retrieved 7 November 2015.^{[dead link]}

[35] "Hakom – Mobile Market Share Q42011" (PDF). hakom.hr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2012.

[UG-36] 1 2 "United Group Q1 2021 High Yield Bondholder Report" (PDF). united.group. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

[Rizzo-37] 1 2 3 4 5 "FAS 2023" (PDF). Rizzo Farrugia Investment Consultants. May 2023. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 27 August 2023.

[38] "5G Network".

[39] "2012 Annual Report" (PDF). CYTA. July 2013. p. 4. Retrieved 6 January 2015.

[40] "Quarterly update for the period ended 31 March 2014" (PDF). MTN Group. 24 April 2014. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.

[41] "Yeni Nesil Mobil Haberleşme Teknolojileri Ülkemizde Uygulanmaya Başlıyor". www.bthk.org (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.

[:0-42] 1 2 "BTHK 2023 Q2 report" (PDF). Retrieved 2 October 2023.

[43] "Super 4.5G Şebeke Ayarları". www.kktctelsim.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 11 November 2023.

[ctu-44] "The Annual Report of the Czech Telecommunication Office for 2011" (PDF). Czech Telecommunication Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2012.

[PPF-45] 1 2 3 "O2". ppfeutelecom.es. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

[46] "Telecom Statistics – 1st half 2014 – Main Tables" (XLS). erhvervsstyrelsen.dk. Retrieved 15 January 2015.^{[permanent dead link]}

[47] Elkær, Mads (3 October 2011). "IT- og Telestyrelsen trækker stikket ud og lukker". Computerworld (in Danish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[48] "Danmark dumpar sin motsvarighet till PTS". TelekomNyheterna (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[49] Loiborg, Christian (3 October 2011). "It spredes på 4 ministerier – IT- og Telestyrelsen nedlægges". Version2 (in Danish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[50] "TDC klar til tophastigheder i hele Danmark" (http). TDC.com. Archived from the original on 26 July 2014.

[51] "Nuuday Annual Report 2025" (PDF). nuuday.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[52] "Telia Denmark names 2 directors as it prepares to rebrand as Norlys Mobil". telecompaper.com. Retrieved 9 July 2024.

[53] "Norlys Annual Report 2024" (PDF). norlys.dk. Retrieved 12 May 2025.

[54] "Sale of Telia Denmark to Norlys closes". teliacompany.com. 2 April 2024.

[Telenor-55] 1 2 3 4 "Telenor Q4 2025 Results" (PDF). telenor.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[56] "International Telecommunication Union – BDT". ITU.int. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2012.

[Telia-57] 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Telia Company Annual Report 2025" (PDF). teliacompany.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[Elisa-58] 1 2 "Elisa Operational Data Q4 2025". elisa.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[Tele2-59] 1 2 3 4 "Tele2 - Annual Report - 2025" (PDF). tele2.com. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[60] "Telecom Statistics" (PDF). 28 August 2021.

[61] "Observatoire des marchés des communications électroniques en France – Observatoire des investissements et de l'emploi – 3ème trimestre 2013 – résultats définitifs (9 janvier 2014)". Arcep.fr. 9 January 2014.

[62] "Financial results at 31 March 2025". Orange.com. 31 March 2025. Retrieved 17 May 2025.

[63] "ALTICE FRANCE Q3 2025 RESULTS" (PDF). Altice France. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[64] "Numericable-SFR, Altice acquire Vivendi stake". Telegeography.com. Retrieved 24 September 2018.

[65] "Résultats 2025" (PDF). www.bouygues.com. 26 February 2026. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[Iliad-66] "Le Groupe iliad est le leader de la croissance en Europe pour la quatrième année consécutive". iliad.fr. 24 March 2026. Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[67] Georgia. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.

[68] "Mobile • Subscribers by companies".

[69] "5G it's Magti!". Magticom. Retrieved 24 October 2024.

[Mobile_•_Subscribers_by_companies-70] 1 2 3 "Mobile • Subscribers by companies". analytics.comcom.ge. Retrieved 24 January 2025.

[71] "О компании — «МегаФон» Республика Южная Осетия" (in Russian).

[Telekom_Results-72] "Telekom Results". www.telekom.com. Telekom. Retrieved 13 November 2025.

[Telefonica_Results-73] 1 2 "Telefonica Results". Telefonica.com. Telefonica. 14 May 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026. Cite error: The named reference "Telefonica Results" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[1&1-74] "Teilnehmerentwicklung im Mobilfunk". bundesnetzagentur.de. Retrieved 22 July 2024.

[OTE-75] "OTE Group Reports 2023 Second Quarter Results" (PDF). cosmote.gr. Retrieved 22 September 2023.

[76] "Άγγιξε το 100% το μερίδιο της Nova στις νέες συνδέσεις κινητής". Business Daily (in Greek). 20 September 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2024.

[77] "Távközlés, internet, televíziószolgáltatás, 2017. IV. negyedév" (PDF). KSH.hu. March 2018.

[78] "BSE - Company Profile". client.bse.hu. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014.

[autogenerated2-79] 1 2 3 "Statistics on the Icelandic Telecommunications Market The First Half of 2019" (PDF). Póst- og fjarskiptastofnun.

[80] "Quarterly Key Data Report Q1 2022". ComReg. 9 June 2022.

[81] Richaud, Nicolas (29 May 2018). "Comment Xavier Niel tisse sa toile dans les télécoms à l'étranger". Les Échos (in French). Paris. Retrieved 2 July 2018.^{[dead link]}

[agcom4-2025p8-82] 1 2 3 4 5 6 Osservatorio sulle comunicazioni n. 4/2025 (PDF) (Report) (in Italian). AGCOM. 31 October 2025. p. 8. Retrieved 21 January 2026.

[:12-83] "Wind Tre is ready, the first mobile operator in Italy. Maximo Ibarra leads the company". www.windtre.it. Archived from the original on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2017.

[84] "Fitch: Prospects of Wind/H3G Merger Approval Improved by Iliad Deal". Reuters. 6 July 2016.

[:02-85] "Fastweb + Vodafone | Swisscom completes the acquisition of Vodafone Italia. Fastweb + Vodafone is born". fastwebvodafone.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2 January 2025.

[Bite-86] 1 2 "Bite Group - Investor Presentation of Q1 2024 Results" (PDF). bitegroup.net. Retrieved 9 July 2024.

[87] "triatel". triatel.lv. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011.

[88] "xomobile". xomobile.com.

[rrt-89] "Report on the electronic communications sector" (PDF). Communications Regulatory Authority of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 25 October 2013.

[MCA_Q4_2022-90] "MCA Statistics Q4 2022". Malta Communications Authority. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2023.

[MCA_Q2_2025-91] 1 2 Cite error: The named reference MCA Q2 2025 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[92] "EQT sells Melita to Goldman Sachs". 27 November 2024.

[93] "anrceti". anrceti.md.

[Orange-94] 1 2 3 "Databook KPIs (01.03.2026)". orange.com. 10 March 2026.

[anrceti1-95] 1 2 "anrceti". anrceti.md.

[96] "Divestment of Moldcell completed". www.teliacompany.com. Retrieved 29 October 2020.

[97] "CDG : Technology : LTE Operators". Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2015.

[Transnistrian_Telecommunications_Regulator-98] "Transnistrian Telecommunications Regulator". svyaz.gospmr.ru.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[99] "Informacija o stanju tržišta elektronskih komunikacija za oktobar 2013. godine – mobilna telefonija" (PDF). Agencija za elektronske komunikacije i poštansku djelatnost. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.

[100] Mobile Telephony Market ekip.me ^{[dead link]}

[101] "Digital 2023: The Netherlands". DataReportal.com. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.

[102] "Odido optimaliseert mobiel netwerk: 3G wordt uitgefaseerd voor meer capaciteit op 4G en 5G". Odido.nl (in Dutch and English). 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.

[103] "Antennekaart website". Antennekaart.nl (in Dutch). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.

[104] "Odido omzet groeit naar EUR 2,3 miljard in 2024, sims naar 7,3 miljoen". telecompaper.com. Retrieved 6 July 2025.

[105] "Ga mee van 2G naar 4G en 5G". kpn.com (in Dutch). Retrieved 28 January 2024.

[106] "Antennekaart website". Antennekaart.nl (in Dutch). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.

[107] "KPN at a glance". kpn.com. Retrieved 6 July 2025.

[108] "Antennekaart website". Antennekaart.nl (in Dutch). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.

[AEKQuarterly-109] "Report on the development of the electronic communication market for Q3 2012". Archived from the original on 5 June 2013. Retrieved 14 March 2013.

[110] "Magyar Telekom Group Q3 2021 Results Presentation" (PDF). Magyar Telekom. Retrieved 30 November 2021.

[telenor-2G-discontinue-111] "Takk for alt, 2G! - Dette må du vite om 2G-slukkingen". telenor.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 9 March 2025.

[telenor-3G-discontinue-112] "Vi fornyer mobilnettet – og sier farvel til 3G". Telenor (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 April 2022.

[telia-2G-discontinue-113] "Fra høsten 2025 stenges 2G-nettet". Telia.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 5 May 2025.

[telia-3G-discontinue-114] "Utfasing AV 3G-Nettet". Telia (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 April 2022.

[ice-2G-discontinue-115] "Ice advarer: Eldre mobiler og utstyr mister dekning 27. mai". Tek.no (in Norwegian). 21 May 2025. Retrieved 25 May 2025.

[116] "Vi har inngått en ny nasjonal avtale med Telenor". ice.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 21 April 2025.

[117] "Lyse - Annual Report 2025" (PDF). lysekonsern.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 6 April 2026.

[118] "Om ice". ice.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 22 February 2026.

[119] "Raport o stanie rynku telekomunikacyjnego w 2020 roku". UKE. 30 June 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2022.

[anacom-120] "anacom" (PDF). anacom.pt. Retrieved 9 March 2018.

[NOS_Results-121] "2024 3Q Results" (PDF). Retrieved 14 November 2024.

[Altice_Results-122] "ALTICE INTERNATIONAL Q2 2024" (PDF). Retrieved 14 November 2024.

[123] "Annual reports" (PDF). ANCOM.

[124] Структура акционерного капитала ПАО «МТС»

[125] "МегаФон подвёл финансовые итоги 2025 года" (in Russian). megafon.ru. 6 March 2026.

[126] Структура акционерного капитала ПАО «МегаФон»

[127] "Финансовые и операционные результаты деятельности «Ростелекома» за IV квартал 2025 г." (PDF). rt.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 26 February 2026.

[128] "Финансовые и операционные результаты билайна за 3 квартал 2023 года". Retrieved 31 January 2025.

[129] "О компании | Оператор связи МОТИВ в Свердловской области". motivtelecom.ru.

[130] "Таттелеком в цифрах".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[131] "Донецкий мобильный оператор «Феникс» заработает во всей России" (in Russian). 27 October 2023. Retrieved 6 March 2025.

[132] "Официальный сайт ООО «МКС»". mcs.ooo.

[133] "Связь с вайнахским акцентом" (in Russian). Retrieved 6 March 2025.

[134] "RATEL Press report May 2014". ratel.rs.

[135] Quarterly reports ratel.rs

[itnews.sk-136] "Slováci za polroka prevolali miliardy minút. Väčšina ľudí má paušál". zive.aktuality.sk. 28 October 2019.

[137] "Prvý raz po štyroch rokoch". zive.aktuality.sk. 12 May 2022.

[138] "4ka má 600 000 zákazníkov: TOP 10 zaujímavostí o najmladšom operátorovi!". AndroidPortal.sk (in Slovak). 6 October 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2019.

[139] .o.o, Agenda (15 March 2024). "Agencija za komunikacijska omrežja in storitve Republike Slovenije: AKOS". www.akos-rs.si.

[CNMCData_-_Informe_Mensual-140] 1 2 3 4 "CNMC Data". data.cnmc.es. Retrieved 31 December 2025.

[Orange_to_fully_own_MasOrange_in_Spain_for_€4.25bn-141] "Orange to fully own MasOrange in Spain for €4.25bn". tecknexus.com. Retrieved 15 January 2026.

[142] "Svensk telekommarknad 2020 (Rapportnummer PTS-ER-2021:21)" (PDF). Swedish Post and Telecom Authority (Post- och telestyrelsen). 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[143] Kaufeldt, Ove (21 December 2022). "Tele2:s och Telenors 5G-nät fortsätter att växa". mobil.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[144] "Tele2 AB and Telia AB sign final agreement to form a jointly owned UMTS-network company". Tele2. 15 March 2001. Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[145] Ahola, Teresa (20 April 2022). "5G med ledningsrätt oroar – så här ser planen ut". Fastighetsnytt (in Swedish). Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[146] Jerräng, Marcus (13 March 2009). "Reva i 3g-nätet". Computer Sweden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[147] "Ericsson in Sweden". ericsson.com. 26 March 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[148] Guzmán, Rebecka (8 March 2011). "It-centrumet bara växer". Computer Sweden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[149] Stadigs, Jenny (20 May 2010). "Stockholm strategiskt viktigt för ZTE". Computer Sweden (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2024.

[150] "Freya Investissement".

[bakom-151] BAKOM, Bundesamt für Kommunikation. "Anzahl Mobilfunkkundinnen und -kunden". www.bakom.admin.ch. Archived from the original on 23 September 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2016.

[Swisscom-152] "FY 2024 results - Analyst and investor presentation" (PDF). Swisscom.ch. 13 February 2025.

[153] "Q4 / FY 2024 Financial Results" (PDF). Sunrise.ch. 28 February 2025.

[154] "Matterhorn Telecom Holding S.A. Annual Report 2024" (PDF). Salt.ch. 27 March 2025.

[155] "Funds advised by Apax Partners agree to sell Orange Switzerland to NJJ Capital" (PDF). Orange Communications SA.^{[permanent dead link]}

[:1-156] 1 2 3 "BTK Q1 2025 report" (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 9 May 2025.

[ownership_structure-157] "Turk Telekom Ownership Structure". Türk Telekomünikasyon A.Ş.

[158] "Visit Ukraine – Information Page for Foreign Tourists". visitukraine.today. Retrieved 20 March 2022.

[VMO2_Results-159] . Virgin Media O2 Q126 financial results https://news.virginmediao2.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/VMO2-2026-Q1-Results-Infographic.pdftitle=VMO2 Q126 financial results. Retrieved 1 May 2026. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)

[BT_Results-160] "BT Results". BT Group. Retrieved 7 November 2025.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[96]

[97]

[98]

[99]

[100]

[101]