Incilius marmoreus, commonly known as Wiegmann's toad or marbled toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Mexico and found along the Pacific coastal plain between northern Sinaloa and Chiapas. There is also an isolated population in the region of Veracruz on the Atlantic coast, and a record from Hidalgo.[1][2]
| Incilius marmoreus | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Incilius |
| Species: | I. marmoreus |
| Binomial name | |
| Incilius marmoreus (Wiegmann, 1833) | |
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Its natural habitats are tropical deciduous and semi-deciduous forests; it also occurs in disturbed habitats that remain relatively closed. Breeding takes place in streams. It is a very common species that might locally be affected by extreme habitat alteration.[1]
Diet
editThe Marbled toad's main prey items are Ants, Beetles, and termites. They were found to have significantly less diverse diets in disturbed areas. Size, abundance, and weight were not affected by disturbance level. [3]
Reproduction and Development
editFound to be opportunistic breeders, reproducing when there is adequate rainfall to fill breeding ponds. Marbled toads lay single adhesive eggs in temporary bodies of water. [4]
I. marmoreus tadpoles have black coloration on their cheeks and on the top of the head and body. The dorsal tail fin has a black reticulation, and the ventral tail fin is clear except near the tip. The tail muscle is black dorsally and laterally, and white ventrally. The throat is clear. The anal tube is medial and the spiracle is single and sinistra. [5]
References
edit- 1 2 3 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Incilius marmoreus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T54702A53950253. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T54702A53950253.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Incilius marmoreus (Wiegmann, 1833)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
- ↑ Suazo-Ortuño, I., Alvarado-Díaz, J., Raya-Lemus, E., & Martinez-Ramos, M. (2007). DIET OF THE MEXICAN MARBLED TOAD (BUFO MARMOREUS) IN CONSERVED AND DISTURBED TROPICAL DRY FOREST. The Southwestern Naturalist, 52(2), 305–309. https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2007)52[305:dotmmt]2.0.co;2
- ↑ Ford, P. L., & Scott, N. J. (1996). Descriptions of Bufo Tadpoles from the Southwestern Coast of Jalisco, México. Journal of Herpetology, 30(2), 253–257. https://doi.org/10.2307/1565517
- ↑ Ford, P. L., & Scott, N. J. (1996). Descriptions of Bufo Tadpoles from the Southwestern Coast of Jalisco, México. Journal of Herpetology, 30(2), 253–257. https://doi.org/10.2307/1565517
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