Wikipedia

Highland (National Council electoral district)

Highland (German: Oberland), also known as Electoral District 7D (German: Wahlkreis 7D), is one of the 39 multi-member regional electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was created in 1992 when electoral regulations were amended to add regional electoral districts to the existing state-wide electoral districts and came into being at the following legislative election in 1994. It consists of the districts of Imst, Landeck and Reutte in the state of Tyrol. The electoral district currently elects three of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 100,778 registered electors.

Highland
Oberland
Electoral District
for the National Council
Outline map
Location of Highland within Austria
District
List
StateTyrol
Population141,586 (2024)[1]
Electorate100,778 (2019)
Area4,557 km2 (2023)[2]
Current Electoral District
Created1994
Seats3 (1994–present)
Members[3]  Elisabeth Pfurtscheller (ÖVP)

History

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Highland was one 43 regional electoral districts (regionalwahlkreise) established by the "National Council Electoral Regulations 1992" (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992) passed by the National Council in 1992.[4] It consisted of the districts of Imst, Landeck and Reutte in the state of Tyrol.[5] The district was initially allocated three seats in May 1993.[6]

Electoral system

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Highland currently elects three of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system.[7][8][9] The allocation of seats is carried out in three stages.[10] In the first stage, seats are allocated to parties (lists) at the regional level using a state-wide Hare quota (wahlzahl) (valid votes in the state divided by the number of seats in the state).[11][12] In the second stage, seats are allocated to parties at the state/provincial level using the state-wide Hare quota (any seats won by the party at the regional stage are subtracted from the party's state seats).[11][12] In the third and final stage, seats are allocated to parties at the federal/national level using the D'Hondt method (any seats won by the party at the regional and state stages are subtracted from the party's federal seats).[11][12] Only parties that reach the 4% national threshold, or have won a seat at the regional stage, compete for seats at the state and federal stages.[11][12]

Electors may cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the regional, state and federal levels.[12] Split-ticket voting (panachage), or voting for more than one candidate at each level, is not permitted and will result in the ballot paper being invalidated.[12][13] At the regional level, candidates must receive preferential votes amounting to at least 14% of the valid votes cast for their party to over-ride the order of the party list (10% and 7% respectively for the state and federal levels).[13] Prior to April 2013 electors could not cast preferential votes at the federal level and the thresholds candidates needed to over-ride the party list order were higher at the regional level (half the Hare quota or 1⁄6 of the party votes) and state level (Hare quota).[12][14][15]

Election results

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Summary

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ElectionCommunists
KPÖ+ / KPÖ		Social Democrats
SPÖ		Greens
GRÜNE		NEOS
NEOS / LiF		People's
ÖVP		Freedom
FPÖ
Votes%SeatsVotes%SeatsVotes%SeatsVotes%SeatsVotes%SeatsVotes%Seats
20192580.37%07,92111.30%07,54310.76%06,0548.64%037,32153.25%19,46913.51%0
20173650.49%013,48018.06%02,4393.27%04,3275.80%032,83143.98%118,29124.50%0
20132820.44%011,28717.68%07,25511.36%02,2113.46%025,59640.09%111,60518.17%0
20082940.46%011,02717.12%05,4648.49%01,0801.68%024,05537.36%010,09115.67%0
20064120.62%014,66321.99%06,1069.16%034,53351.79%15,4478.17%0
20023760.52%017,22623.79%06,2158.58%08351.15%042,13158.18%15,6327.78%0
19991540.23%014,99122.71%04,5786.94%01,8792.85%027,27341.32%115,88724.07%0
19951390.20%019,01226.81%03,6435.14%03,3804.77%026,81537.81%116,86423.78%0
1994840.13%015,45623.62%04,4736.83%02,4613.76%030,70546.92%110,90916.67%0

Detailed

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2010s

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2019
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Results of the 2019 legislative election held on 29 September 2019:[16][17]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP15,49313,3948,3904437,32153.25%1
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ4,9222,5172,019119,46913.51%0
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ3,2562,8561,790197,92111.30%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE3,4812,2941,717517,54310.76%0
NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal ForumNEOS2,6552,0441,322336,0548.64%0
JETZTJETZT530334231111,1061.58%0
KPÖ PlusKPÖ+119756222580.37%0
Der WandelWANDL129664222390.34%0
My Vote Counts!GILT90384201700.24%0
Valid Votes30,67523,61815,61517370,081100.00%1
Rejected Votes25619113825870.83%
Total Polled30,93123,80915,75317570,66870.12%
Registered Electors44,60433,61222,562100,778
Turnout69.35%70.83%69.82%70.12%

The following candidates were elected:[18][19]

2017
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Results of the 2017 legislative election held on 15 October 2017:[20][21]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP13,49611,8427,4355832,83143.98%1
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ9,0185,2893,9493518,29124.50%0
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ5,6754,8232,9404213,48018.06%0
NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal ForumNEOS1,8331,569897284,3275.80%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE1,041727655162,4393.27%0
Peter Pilz ListPILZ99861144452,0582.76%0
My Vote Counts!GILT26719510105630.75%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ1521288413650.49%0
The WhitesWEIßE83593801800.24%0
Free List AustriaFLÖ66352011220.16%0
Valid Votes32,62925,27816,56318674,656100.00%1
Rejected Votes30721917817050.94%
Total Polled32,93625,49716,74118775,36175.02%
Registered Electors44,05033,67022,739100,459
Turnout74.77%75.73%73.62%75.02%

The following candidates were elected:[22][23]

Substitutions:

2013
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Results of the 2013 legislative election held on 29 September 2013:[25][26]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP9,9539,7155,8874125,59640.09%1
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ5,4283,6682,4961311,60518.17%0
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ4,4724,2912,5131111,28717.68%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE3,2462,2141,754417,25511.36%0
Team StronachFRANK1,53396878053,2865.15%0
NEOS – The New AustriaNEOS1,064646486152,2113.46%0
Alliance for the Future of AustriaBZÖ1,00249243161,9313.02%0
Pirate Party of AustriaPIRAT1661349824000.63%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ129955532820.44%0
Valid Votes26,99322,22314,50013763,853100.00%1
Rejected Votes46229121629711.50%
Total Polled27,45522,51414,71613964,82465.03%
Registered Electors43,20033,65222,83499,686
Turnout63.55%66.90%64.45%65.03%

The following candidates were elected:[27][28]

2000s

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2008
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Results of the 2008 legislative election held on 28 September 2008:[29][30]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP9,8499,1054,98511624,05537.36%0
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ4,4674,2402,2804011,02717.12%0
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ4,6443,4591,9394910,09115.67%0
Alliance for the Future of AustriaBZÖ2,6111,8171,258225,7088.86%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE2,3571,6971,3061045,4648.49%0
Fritz Dinkhauser List – Citizens' Forum Tyrol FRITZ2,3101,5061,465295,3108.25%0
Liberal ForumLiF501303250261,0801.68%0
The ChristiansDC35233220748951.39%0
Independent Citizens' Initiative Save AustriaRETTÖ18412611924310.67%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ125798822940.46%0
LeftLINKE181180370.06%0
Valid Votes27,41822,67513,90539464,392100.00%0
Rejected Votes47936534441,1921.82%
Total Polled27,89723,04014,24939865,58466.98%
Registered Electors41,71033,21522,98997,914
Turnout66.88%69.37%61.98%66.98%
2006
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Results of the 2006 legislative election held on 1 October 2006:[31][32]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP13,31412,2197,8021,19834,53351.79%1
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ5,8575,2813,13339214,66321.99%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE2,5701,7591,2984796,1069.16%0
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ2,5951,6101,1051375,4478.17%0
Hans-Peter Martin's ListMATIN1,226880768672,9414.41%0
Alliance for the Future of AustriaBZÖ949516465461,9762.96%0
EU Withdrawal – Neutral Free AustriaNFÖ263169148185980.90%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ176108116124120.62%0
Valid Votes26,95022,54214,8352,34966,676100.00%1
Rejected Votes389266203168741.29%
Total Polled27,33922,80815,0382,36567,55072.45%
Registered Electors39,39931,68922,15393,241
Turnout69.39%71.97%67.88%72.45%

The following candidates were elected:[33][34]

Substitutions:

  • Günther Platter (ÖVP) resigned on 11 January 2007 and was replaced by Astrid Stadler (ÖVP) on 16 January 2007.[35]
2002
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Results of the 2002 legislative election held on 24 November 2002:[36][37]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP16,91414,3929,5241,30142,13158.18%1
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ6,7586,4333,59044517,22623.79%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE2,3401,9021,3875866,2158.58%0
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ2,5471,4741,4611505,6327.78%0
Liberal ForumLiF341251206378351.15%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ130126110103760.52%0
Valid Votes29,03024,57816,2782,52972,415100.00%1
Rejected Votes469406256161,1471.56%
Total Polled29,49924,98416,5342,54573,56283.13%
Registered Electors36,94730,21321,32988,489
Turnout79.84%82.69%77.52%83.13%

The following candidates were elected:[38][39]

1990s

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1999
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Results of the 1999 legislative election held on 3 October 1999:[40][41]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP10,26010,1166,06982827,27341.32%1
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ6,8214,5424,14438015,88724.07%0
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ5,5355,7883,31335514,99122.71%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE1,7651,4091,0983064,5786.94%0
Liberal ForumLiF7255234302011,8792.85%0
The IndependentsDU306127170216240.95%0
Christian Voters CommunityCWG12810559243160.48%0
No to NATO and EU –
Neutral Austria Citizens' Initiative		NEIN122779372990.45%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ605331101540.23%0
Valid Votes25,72222,74015,4072,13266,001100.00%1
Rejected Votes454469276131,2121.80%
Total Polled26,17623,20915,6832,14567,21377.85%
Registered Electors35,71529,60221,01886,335
Turnout73.29%78.40%74.62%77.85%

The following candidates were elected:[42][43]

Substitutions:

  • Günther Platter (ÖVP) resigned on 14 November 2000 and was replaced by Astrid Stadler (ÖVP) on 16 November 2000.[44]
1995
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Results of the 1995 legislative election held on 17 December 1995:[45][46]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP10,5179,9075,80157226,79737.77%1
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ7,2337,2674,19936819,06726.87%0
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ6,9824,7924,79025916,82323.71%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE1,4131,0768732923,6545.15%0
Liberal ForumLiF1,4169048502383,4084.80%0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria		NEIN470298269271,0641.50%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ53523131390.20%0
Valid Votes28,08424,29616,8131,75970,952100.00%1
Rejected Votes1,032781481142,3083.15%
Total Polled29,11625,07717,2941,77373,26087.95%
Registered Electors34,00428,71820,57983,301
Turnout85.63%87.32%84.04%87.95%

The following candidates were elected:[47]

On 28 June 1996 the Constitutional Court annulled the results in the municipality of Reutte.[48] Results of the re-run held on 13 October 1996:[49][50]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP10,5179,9075,80658526,81537.81%1
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ7,2337,2674,14237019,01226.81%0
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ6,9824,7924,82526516,86423.78%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE1,4131,0768592953,6435.14%0
Liberal ForumLiF1,4169048202403,3804.77%0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria		NEIN470298267271,0621.50%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ53523131390.20%0
Valid Votes28,08424,29616,7501,78570,915100.00%1
Rejected Votes1,032781477162,3063.15%
Total Polled29,11625,07717,2271,80173,22187.90%
Registered Electors34,00428,71820,57983,301
Turnout85.63%87.32%83.71%87.90%

The following candidates were elected:[51][52]

1994
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Results of the 1994 legislative election held on 9 October 1994:[53][54]

PartyVotes per districtTotal
votes		%Seats
ImstLand-
eck		ReutteVoting
card
Austrian People's PartyÖVP11,79111,2966,64097830,70546.92%1
Social Democratic Party of AustriaSPÖ5,7216,1403,18840715,45623.62%0
Freedom Party of AustriaFPÖ4,6292,9253,04431110,90916.67%0
The Greens – The Green AlternativeGRÜNE1,7611,2671,0813644,4736.83%0
Liberal ForumLiF1,0536545462082,4613.76%0
Christian Voters CommunityCWG26623270326000.92%0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria		NEIN162164206265580.85%0
Natural Law PartyÖNP61312771260.19%0
Communist Party of AustriaKPÖ2635167840.13%0
United Greens Austria – List Adi PinterVGÖ352493710.11%0
Valid Votes25,50522,76814,8272,34365,443100.00%1
Rejected Votes967622357371,9832.94%
Total Polled26,47223,39015,1842,38067,42681.44%
Registered Electors33,63428,63220,53082,796
Turnout78.71%81.69%73.96%81.44%

The following candidates were elected:[55][56]

References

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  1. ↑ "Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn nach Politischen Bezirken bzw. Wiener Gemeindebezirken seit 2002" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  2. ↑ "Stadtgebiet nach Nutzungsklassen und Gemeindebezirken" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna. Archived from the original on 25 June 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  3. ↑ "Nationalrat: Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  4. ↑ "471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO)" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt (in German). Vol. 1992, no. 164. Vienna, Austria. 4 August 1992. p. 1885. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  5. ↑ "471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO)" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt (in German). Vol. 1992, no. 164. Vienna, Austria. 4 August 1992. p. 1920. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  6. ↑ "322. Kundmachung des Bundesministers für Inneres über die Zahl der auf jeden Wahlkreis entfallenden Mandate für die Wahl des Nationalrates" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt (in German). Vol. 1993, no. 118. Vienna, Austria. 11 May 1993. p. 2708. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  7. ↑ "Nationalratswahlen: Wahlkreiseinteilung" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 21 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  8. ↑ "Austrian National Council 2019 General". Election Guide. Arlington, U.S.A.: International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  9. ↑ "Electoral Assistance: ElecData, Compendium of Electoral Data - Austria". Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  10. ↑ Müller, Wolfgang C. (15 September 2005). "Austria: A Complex Electoral System with Subtle Effects". In Gallagher, Michael; Mitchell, Paul (eds.). The Politics of Electoral Systems. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 396–416. doi:10.1093/0199257566.003.0019. ISBN 9780191603280.
  11. 1 2 3 4 "Nationalratswahlen: Überblick" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 31 December 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Reimink, Elwin. "Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Austria" (PDF). Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945. Jean-Benoit Pilet and Alan Renwick. pp. 7–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  13. 1 2 "Nationalratswahlen: Vorzugsstimmen" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  14. ↑ "Demokratiepaket soll Kluft zwischen Politik und Bürgern reduzieren" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Austrian Parliament. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  15. ↑ "Bundesrat befürwortet Stärkung des Persönlichkeitswahlrechts" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Austrian Parliament. 5 April 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  16. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2019: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene und Landeswahlkreiseben" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  17. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2019: Tirol - Regionalwahlkreis Oberland". Bundeswahlen (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  18. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2019: Broschüre Landeswahlvorschläge" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. p. 51. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  19. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  20. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2017: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  21. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2017: Tirol - Regionalwahlkreis Oberland". Bundeswahlen (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 19 September 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  22. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2017: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. p. 64. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  23. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  24. ↑ "XXVI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 38. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Freitag, 7. September 2018" (PDF). Stenographisches Protokoll (in German). Vol. XXVI, no. 38. Vienna, Austria: National Council. 7 September 2018. p. 62. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  25. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2013: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  26. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2013: Tirol - Regionalwahlkreis Oberland". Bundeswahlen (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 19 September 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  27. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2013: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. p. 70. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  28. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  29. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2008: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  30. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2008: Tirol - Regionalwahlkreis Oberland". Bundeswahlen (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 19 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  31. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2006: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Regionalwahlkreisebene, Landeswahlkreisebene, Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  32. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2006: Mandatsspiegel" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  33. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2006: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. p. 44. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  34. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  35. ↑ "XXIII. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 9. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Dienstag, 16., und Mittwoch, 17. Jänner 2007" (PDF). Stenographisches Protokoll (in German). Vol. XXIII, no. 9. Vienna, Austria: National Council. 17 January 2007. p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  36. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2002: Gesamtergebnis mit Wahlkartenergebnissen der Nationalratswahl 2002" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  37. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2002: Mandatsvergabe - Bundesgebiet - Hauptübersicht" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  38. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 2002: Erzielte Vorzugstimmen auf Regionalwahlkreisebene" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. p. 28. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  39. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  40. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 1999: Ergebnis der Nationalratswahl 1999" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 9 July 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  41. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 1999: Erzielte Mandate" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 29 May 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  42. ↑ "Nationalratswahl 1999: Vorzugsstimmen" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 31 July 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  43. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  44. ↑ "XXI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 44. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Mittwoch, 22., und Donnerstag, 23. November 2000" (PDF). Stenographisches Protokoll (in German). Vol. XXI, no. 44. Vienna, Austria: National Council. 23 November 2000. p. 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  45. ↑ Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1996. pp. 252–255. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  46. ↑ Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1996. p. 132. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  47. ↑ Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1996. p. 44. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2024. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  48. ↑ "Verfassungsgerichtshof: WI-2/96" (PDF). Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes (in German). Vienna, Austria: Chancellery. 28 June 1996. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  49. ↑ Wiederholungswahl der Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 am 13. Oktober 1996 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1996. pp. 76–77. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  50. ↑ Wiederholungswahl der Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 am 13. Oktober 1996 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1996. p. 64. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  51. ↑ Wiederholungswahl der Nationalratswahl vom 17. Dezember 1995 am 13. Oktober 1996 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1996. p. 51. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  52. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  53. ↑ Nationalratswahl vom 9. Oktober 1994 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1995. pp. 238–241. ISBN 3-7046-0713-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
  54. ↑ Nationalratswahl vom 9. Oktober 1994 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1995. p. 132. ISBN 3-7046-0713-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
  55. ↑ Nationalratswahl vom 9. Oktober 1994 (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. 1995. p. 42. ISBN 3-7046-0713-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
  56. ↑ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 22 September 2024.

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