Wikipedia

Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States

The following is the planned order of succession for the governorships of the 50 U.S. states, Washington, D.C., and the five organized territories of the United States, according to the constitutions (and supplemental laws, if any) of each.[1] Some states make a distinction whether the succeeding individual is acting as governor or becomes governor.

From 1980 to 1999, there were 13 successions of governorships. From 2000 to 2019 this number increased to 29.[2] The only instance since at least 1980 in which the second in line reached a state governorship was on January 8, 2002, when New Jersey Attorney General John Farmer Jr. acted as governor for 90 minutes between Donald DiFrancesco and John O. Bennett's terms in that capacity as president of the Senate following governor Christine Todd Whitman's resignation.[3] In 2019, Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico Wanda Vázquez Garced became governor when both the governor and secretary of state resigned in Telegramgate.

From 1945 to 2016, 39 of those who succeeded to the governorship ran for and won election to a full term.[4]

States

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Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming

Alabama

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Alaska

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Established by Article III, Section 10 of the Constitution of Alaska.[6]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Alaska Mike Dunleavy (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Nancy Dahlstrom (R)

Arizona

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Arkansas

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Established by Article VI, Section 5 of the Constitution of Arkansas as amended.[8]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Arkansas Sarah Huckabee Sanders (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Leslie Rutledge (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Bart Hester (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Brian S. Evans (R)

California

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Established by Article V, Section 10 of the Constitution of California[9] and Title 2, Division 3, Part 2, Chapter 1, Articles 5.5[10] and 6[11] of the California Government Code.

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of California Gavin Newsom (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Eleni Kounalakis (D)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Monique Limón (D)
3 Speaker of the Assembly Robert Rivas (D)
4 Secretary of State Shirley Weber (D)
5 Attorney General Rob Bonta (D)
6 Treasurer Fiona Ma (D)
7 Controller Malia Cohen (D)
8 Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond (NP)[a]
9 Insurance Commissioner Ricardo Lara (D)
10 Chair of the Board of Equalization Sally Lieber (D)
11 List of 4–7 people named by the governor
(subject to confirmation by the Senate)
in the case of war or enemy-caused disaster.

Colorado

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Established by Article IV, Section 13(7) of the Constitution of Colorado.[12]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Colorado Jared Polis (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Dianne Primavera (D)
2 President of the Senate[b] James Coleman (D)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives[b] Julie McCluskie (D)
4 Minority Leader of the House[b] Jarvis Caldwell (R)
5 Minority Leader of the Senate[c] Cleave Simpson (R)

Connecticut

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Established by Article IV, Sections 18–21 of the Constitution of Connecticut.[13]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Connecticut Ned Lamont (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Susan Bysiewicz (D)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Martin Looney (D)

Delaware

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Florida

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Georgia

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Established by Article V, Section 1, Paragraph V of the Constitution of Georgia.[17]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Georgia Brian Kemp (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Burt Jones (R)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Jon Burns (R)

Hawaii

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Established by Article V, Section 4 of the Constitution of Hawaii[18] and Title 4 §26-2 of the Hawaii code.[19]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Hawaii Josh Green (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Sylvia Luke (D)
2 President of the Senate Ron Kouchi (D)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Nadine Nakamura (D)
4 Attorney General Anne E. Lopez[20] (D)
5 Director of Finance Luis Salaveria[20]
6 Comptroller Keith Regan[20]
7 Director of Taxation Gary Suganuma[20]
8 Director of Human Resources Development Brenna Hashimoto[20]

Idaho

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Established by Article IV, Sections 12–14 of the Constitution of Idaho.[21]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Idaho Brad Little (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Scott Bedke (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Kelly Anthon (R)

Illinois

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Indiana

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Iowa

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Established by Article IV, Sections 17–19 of the Constitution of Iowa.[25]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Iowa Kim Reynolds (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Chris Cournoyer (R)
2 President of the Senate Amy Sinclair (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Pat Grassley (R)

Kansas

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Established by KSA Statute 75–125[26] and the Emergency Interim Executive and Judicial Succession Act of 1994.[27]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Kansas Laura Kelly (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor David Toland (D)
2 President of the Senate Ty Masterson (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Dan Hawkins (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Secretary of State Scott Schwab (R)
5 Attorney General Kris Kobach (R)

Kentucky

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Louisiana

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Maine

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Established by Article V, Part 1, Section 14 of the Constitution of Maine.[32]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Maine Janet Mills (D)
1 President of the Senate Mattie Daughtry (D)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Ryan Fecteau (D)
3 Secretary of State[e] Shenna Bellows (D)

Maryland

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Established by Article II, Section 6 of the Constitution of Maryland.[33]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Maryland Wes Moore (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Aruna Miller (D)
2 President of the Senate[d] Bill Ferguson (D)

Massachusetts

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Michigan

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Established by Article V, Section 26 of the Constitution of Michigan,[35] Section 10.2 of the Revised Statutes of 1846[36] and the Emergency Interim Executive Succession Act (PA 202 of 1959, Section 31.4)[37][38]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Michigan Gretchen Whitmer (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Garlin Gilchrist (D)
2 Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson (D)
3 Attorney General Dana Nessel (D)
4 President pro tempore of the Senate Jeremy Moss (D)
5 Speaker of the House of Representatives Matt Hall (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–5 are vacant
6 List of 5 people named by the governor[39] State Treasurer Rachael Eubanks
7 Fmr. Lieutenant Governor John Cherry (D)
8 Wayne County Exec. Warren Evans (D)
9 Businessman Gary Torgow
10 Fmr. U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (D)

Minnesota

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Established by Article V, Section 5 of the Minnesota Constitution[40] and Minnesota Statute 4.06.[41]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Minnesota Tim Walz (DFL)
1 Lieutenant Governor Peggy Flanagan (DFL)
2 President of the Senate Bobby Joe Champion (DFL)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Lisa Demuth (R)
4 Secretary of State Steve Simon (DFL)
5 Auditor Julie Blaha (DFL)
6 Attorney General Keith Ellison (DFL)

Mississippi

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Established by Article V, Section 131 of the Constitution of Mississippi.[42]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Mississippi Tate Reeves (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Delbert Hosemann (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Dean Kirby (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Jason White (R)

Missouri

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Established by Article IV, Section 11(a) of the Constitution of Missouri.[43]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Missouri Mike Kehoe (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor David Wasinger (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Cindy O'Laughlin (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Jonathan Patterson (R)
4 Secretary of State Denny Hoskins (R)
5 Auditor Scott Fitzpatrick (R)
6 Treasurer Vivek Malek (R)
7 Attorney General Catherine Hanaway (R)

Montana

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Established by Article VI, Section 6 of the Constitution of Montana[44] and Montana Code 2-16-511 to 2-16-513.[45][46][47]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Montana Greg Gianforte (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Kristen Juras (R)
2 President of the Senate Matt Regier (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Brandon Ler (R)
4 Most senior member of the Montana Legislature[f][g] State Sen. Keith Regier (R)

Nebraska

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Established by Article IV, Section 16 of the Constitution of Nebraska[48] and Nebraska Revised Statutes 84-120[49] and 84-121.[50]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Nebraska Jim Pillen (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Joe Kelly (R)
2 Speaker of the Nebraska Legislature John Arch (NP/R)[h]
3 Chair of the Executive Board of the Legislative Council Ben Hansen (NP/R)[i]
4 Chair of the Committee on Committees Christy Armendariz (NP/R)[i]
5 Chair of the Judiciary Committee Carolyn Bosn (NP/R)[i]
6 Chair of the Government, Military and Veterans Affairs Committee Rita Sanders (NP/R)[i]
7 Chair of the Appropriations Committee Robert Clements (NP/R)[i]
8 Chair of the Revenue Committee Brad von Gillern (NP/R)[i]
9 Chair of the Education Committee Dave Murman (NP/R)[i]
10 Chair of the Banking, Commerce and Insurance Committee Mike Jacobson (NP/R)[i]
11 Chair of the Natural Resources Committee Tom Brandt (NP/R)[i]
12 Chair of the Agriculture Committee Barry DeKay (NP/R)[i]
13 Chair of the Health and Human Services Committee Brian Hardin (NP/R)[i]
14 Chair of the General Affairs Committee Rick Holdcroft (NP/R)[i]
15 Chair of the Urban Affairs Committee Terrell McKinney (NP/D)[j]
16 Chair of the Business and Labor Committee Kathleen Kauth (NP/R)[i]
17 Chair of the Transportation and Telecommunications Committee Mike Moser (NP/R)[i]

Nevada

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Established by Nevada Revised Statute 223.080.[51]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Nevada Joe Lombardo (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Stavros Anthony (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Marilyn Dondero Loop (D)
3 Speaker of the Assembly Steve Yeager (D)
4 Secretary of State Cisco Aguilar (D)

New Hampshire

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Established by Part 2, Article 49 of the Constitution of New Hampshire.[52]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New Hampshire Kelly Ayotte (R)
1 President of the Senate Sharon Carson (R)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Sherman Packard (R)
3 Secretary of State David Scanlan (R)
4 Treasurer[e] Monica Mezzapelle

New Jersey

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Established by Article V, Section I, Paragraph 7 of the Constitution of New Jersey[53] and New Jersey Revised Statute 52:14A-4.[54]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New Jersey Mikie Sherrill (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Dale Caldwell (D)
2 President of the Senate Nicholas Scutari (D)
3 Speaker of the General Assembly Craig Coughlin (D)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Attorney General Jennifer Davenport
5 Commissioner of Transportation Priya Jain (acting)

New Mexico

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Established by Article V, Section 7 of the Constitution of New Mexico[55]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New Mexico Michelle Lujan Grisham (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Howie Morales (D)
2 Secretary of State Maggie Toulouse Oliver (D)
3 President pro tempore of the Senate Mimi Stewart (D)
4 Speaker of the House of Representatives Javier Martínez (D)

New York

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Established by Article IV, Sections 5–6 of the New York Constitution[56] and Article 1-A, Section 5 of the Defense Emergency Act of 1951.[57]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of New York Kathy Hochul (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Antonio Delgado (D)
2 Temporary President of the Senate Andrea Stewart-Cousins (D)
3 Speaker of the Assembly Carl Heastie (D)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Attorney General Letitia James (D)
5 Comptroller Thomas DiNapoli (D)
6 Commissioner of Transportation Marie Therese Dominguez
7 Commissioner of Health James V. McDonald
8 Commissioner of Economic Development Hope Knight
9 Commissioner of Labor Roberta Reardon
10 Chair of the Public Service Commission Rory M. Christian
11 Secretary of State Walter T. Mosley (D)

North Carolina

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North Dakota

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Established by Article V, Section 11 of the Constitution of North Dakota.[60]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of North Dakota Kelly Armstrong (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Michelle Strinden (R)
2 Secretary of State Michael Howe (R)

Ohio

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Oklahoma

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As provided by Article VI, Section 15 of the Constitution of Oklahoma[63] and the Oklahoma Emergency Interim Executive and Judicial Succession Act.

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Oklahoma Kevin Stitt (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma Matt Pinnell (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Lonnie Paxton (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Kyle Hilbert (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 State Auditor and Inspector Cindy Byrd (R)
5 Attorney General Gentner Drummond (R)
6 State Treasurer Todd Russ (R)
7 Superintendent of Public Instruction Lindel Fields (R)
8 Labor Commissioner Leslie Osborn (R)
9 Corporation Commissioner (by length of tenure) Todd Hiett (R)
10 Kim David (R)
11 Brian Bingman (R)

Oregon

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Pennsylvania

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Established by Article IV, Sections 13–14 of the Pennsylvania Constitution[65][66]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Pennsylvania Josh Shapiro (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Austin Davis (D)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Kim Ward (R)

Rhode Island

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Established by Article IX, Sections 9–10 of the Constitution of Rhode Island[67]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Rhode Island Dan McKee (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Sabina Matos (D)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Joe Shekarchi (D)

South Carolina

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Established by Article IV, Sections 6 and 7 of the South Carolina Constitution[68] and South Carolina Code of Laws sections 1-3-120,[69] 1-3-130[70] and 1-9-30.[71]

# Position Current officeholder
Governor of South Carolina Henry McMaster (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Pamela Evette (R)
2 President of the South Carolina Senate Thomas C. Alexander (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Murrell Smith (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Secretary of State Mark Hammond (R)
5 Treasurer Curtis Loftis (R)
6 Attorney General Alan Wilson (R)

South Dakota

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Established by Article IV, Section 6 of the Constitution of South Dakota.[72]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of South Dakota Larry Rhoden (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Tony Venhuizen (R)

Tennessee

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Texas

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Established by Article IV, Sections 3a and 16–18 of the Constitution of Texas[75] and Chapter 401.023 of Title 4 the Texas Gov't Code.[76]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Texas Greg Abbott (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Dan Patrick (R)
2 President pro tempore of the Senate Charles Perry (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Dustin Burrows (R)
4 Attorney General Ken Paxton (R)
Chief Justices of the Texas Courts of Appeals, in numerical order
5 1st Court of Appeals (Houston) Terry Adams (R)
6 2nd Court of Appeals (Fort Worth) Bonnie Sudderth (R)
7 3rd Court of Appeals (Austin) Darlene Byrne (D)
8 4th Court of Appeals (San Antonio) Rebeca Martinez (D)
9 5th Court of Appeals (Dallas) J.J. Koch (R)
10 6th Court of Appeals (Texarkana) Scott E. Stevens (R)
11 7th Court of Appeals (Amarillo) Brian Quinn (R)
12 8th Court of Appeals (El Paso) Maria Salas-Mendoza (D)
13 9th Court of Appeals (Beaumont) Scott Golemon (R)
14 10th Court of Appeals (Waco) Matt Johnson (R)
15 11th Court of Appeals (Eastland) John M. Bailey (R)
16 12th Court of Appeals (Tyler) Jim Worthen (R)
17 13th Court of Appeals (Corpus Christi) Jaime E. Tijerina (R)
18 14th Court of Appeals (Houston) Tracy Christopher (R)
19 15th Court of Appeals (Austin) Scott Brister (R)

Utah

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Established by Article VII, Section 11 of the Constitution of Utah[77] and the Emergency Interim Succession Act (C53-2a-803).[78]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Utah Spencer Cox (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor Deidre Henderson (R)
2 President of the Senate Stuart Adams (R)
3 Speaker of the House of Representatives Mike Schultz (R)
Eligible to serve as emergency interim governor if 1–3 are vacant
4 Attorney General Derek Brown (R)
5 Treasurer Marlo Oaks (R)
6 Auditor Tina Cannon (R)

Vermont

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Established by Chapter II, Section 20 of the Constitution of Vermont,[79] 3 VSA §1[80] and 20 VSA §183.[81]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Vermont Phil Scott (R)
1 Lieutenant Governor John Rodgers (R)
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Jill Krowinski (D)
3 President pro tempore of the Senate Philip Baruth (D/VPP)
4 Secretary of State Sarah Copeland-Hanzas (D)
5 Treasurer Mike Pieciak (D)

Virginia

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Established by Article V, Section 16 of the Constitution of Virginia.[82]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Virginia Abigail Spanberger (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Ghazala Hashmi (D)
2 Attorney General Jay Jones (D)
3 Speaker of the House of Delegates Don Scott (D)
4 House of Delegates convenes to fill the vacancy

Washington

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West Virginia

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Established by §6A-1-4a of the West Virginia Code.[84]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of West Virginia Patrick Morrisey (R)
1 President of the Senate Randy Smith (R)
2 Speaker of the House of Delegates Roger Hanshaw (R)
3 Attorney General JB McCuskey (R)
4 State Auditor Mark Hunt (R)
5 Ex-Governors in inverse order of service[l] Jim Justice (R)
6 Earl Ray Tomblin (D)
7 Joe Manchin (I)
8 Bob Wise (D)
9 Gaston Caperton (D)
10 Jay Rockefeller (D)

Wisconsin

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Established by Article V, Sections 7 and 8 of the Constitution of Wisconsin.[85]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Wisconsin Tony Evers (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Sara Rodriguez (D)
2 Secretary of State Sarah Godlewski (D)

Wyoming

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Established by Article IV, Section 6 of the Wyoming Constitution.[86]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Wyoming Mark Gordon (R)
1 Secretary of State Chuck Gray (R)

Federal district

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Washington, D.C.

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Established by Title IV, Section 421(c)(2) of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act.[87]

# Office Current officeholder
Mayor of Washington, D.C. Muriel Bowser (D)
1 Chair of the D.C. Council Phil Mendelson (D)

Organized territories

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American Samoa

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Established by Article IV, Section 4 Constitution of American Samoa[88] and Section 4.0106 of the American Samoa Codes Annotated.[89]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of American Samoa Pula Nikolao Pula[m]
1 Lieutenant Governor Pulu Ae Ae[m]
2 Speaker of the House of Representatives Savali Talavou Ale[m]

Guam

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Established by Subchapter 1, Section 1422(b) of the Guam Organic Act of 1950.[90]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Guam Lou Leon Guerrero (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Josh Tenorio (D)
2 Speaker of the Legislature Frank Blas (R)

Northern Mariana Islands

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Established by Article III, Section 7 of the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Constitution.[91]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands David Apatang (I)
1 Lieutenant Governor Dennis Mendiola (R)
2 President of the Senate Karl King-Nabors (R)

Puerto Rico

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Established by Article IV, Section 8 of the Constitution of Puerto Rico[92] and Law No. 7 of 2005[93]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of Puerto Rico Jenniffer González-Colón (PNP/R)
1 Secretary of State Rosachely Rivera (PNP/D)
2 Secretary of Justice Lourdes Gómez Torres
3 Secretary of Treasury Ángel Pantoja Rodríguez
4 Secretary of Education Eliezer Ramos Parés (PNP)
5 Secretary of Labor and Human Resources María del Pilar Vélez Casanova
6 Secretary of Transportation and Public Works Ángel Cruz Nolasco
7 Secretary of Economic Development and Commerce Sebastián Negrón Reichard (NPP)
8 Secretary of Health Víctor Ramos Otero

U.S. Virgin Islands

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Established by Subsection IV §1595(b, e) of the Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands[94] and the Executive Succession Act of 1972[95]

# Office Current officeholder
Governor of the United States Virgin Islands Albert Bryan (D)
1 Lieutenant Governor Tregenza Roach (D)
2 President of the Legislature Milton E. Potter (D)
3 Vice President of the Legislature Kenny Gittens (D)
4 Commissioner of Finance Kevin McCurdy
5 Attorney General Gordon Rhea
6 Director of the Office of Management and Budget Julio Rhymer Sr.
7 Commissioner of Education Dionne Wells-Hedrington
8 Commissioner of Public Works Derek Gabriel
9 Commissioner of Sports, Parks and Recreation Vincent Roberts
10 Police Commissioner Mario Brooks

Notes

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  1. ↑ The office is officially nonpartisan, but Superintendent Thurmond identifies with the Democratic Party.
  2. 1 2 3 Must be the same party as the outgoing governor. If the current officeholder is not a member of the same party, skip to the next on the list.
  3. ↑ If the minority leader of the Senate is not a member of the same party as the outgoing governor, succession goes back to the president of the Senate.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Only eligible to serve until a new governor is elected by the General Assembly.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Only eligible to serve until a new president of the Senate is elected.
  6. ↑ "Senior" is defined as the member of the legislature who has served "for the longest continuous period of time", with age being the tiebreaker (in favor of the older/oldest person) if multiple people qualify. Sen. Regier served for eight years in the state House of Representatives from 2009-2017 and went directly to the state Senate, serving until the present.
  7. ↑ Only eligible to serve until a new governor is elected by a joint session of the Legislature.
  8. ↑ The Nebraska Legislature is officially nonpartisan, but Speaker Arch identifies with the Republican Party.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 The Nebraska Legislature is officially nonpartisan, but this senator identifies with the Republican Party.
  10. ↑ The Nebraska Legislature is officially nonpartisan, but this senator identifies with the Democratic Party.
  11. ↑ The office is officially nonpartisan, but Superintendent Reykdal identifies with the Democratic Party.
  12. ↑ Must still reside in the state to be eligible.
  13. 1 2 3 Elections in American Samoa are officially nonpartisan, but Gov. Pula and Lt. Gov. Ae, and Speaker Ale identify with the Republican Party.

References

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  1. ↑ "States' Lines of Succession of Gubernatorial Powers" (PDF). National Lieutenant Governors Association. May 2011.
  2. ↑ "Chart of Gubernatorial Successions" (PDF). National Lieutenant Governors Association. June 2018.
  3. ↑ Staff. "N.J.'S LINE OF SUCCESSION / A SIMPLE FIX", The Press of Atlantic City, November 11, 2002. Retrieved June 22, 2012. "Thanks to an unusual set of circumstances and a flaw in the state constitution, New Jersey had five different governors over eight days at the beginning of the year. Even for New Jersey, this was pretty bizarre."
  4. ↑ "Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball » Stepping Up: How Governors Who Have Succeeded to the Top Job Have Performed Over the Years". centerforpolitics.org. May 18, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
  5. ↑ "Constitution of Alabama 1901". Alabama Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  6. ↑ "The Constitution of the State of Alaska". Lieutenant Governor of Alaska. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  7. ↑ "Constitution of Arizona: Article V, Section 6". Arizona Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  8. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Arkansas of 1874" (PDF). Arkansas Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  9. ↑ "Constitution of California: Article V, Section 10". California State Legislature. Retrieved April 11, 2026.
  10. ↑ "California Government Code: Title 2, Division 3, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 5.5". California State Legislature. Retrieved April 11, 2026.
  11. ↑ "California Government Code: Title 2, Division 3, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 6". California State Legislature. Retrieved April 11, 2026.
  12. ↑ "Constitution of Colorado: Article IV, Section 13". LexisNexis. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  13. ↑ "Constitution of Connecticut". Connecticut General Assembly. Archived from the original on September 1, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  14. ↑ "Constitution of Delaware: Article III, Section 20". State of Delaware. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  15. ↑ "Constitution of Florida: Article IV, Section 3". Florida Legislature. Archived from the original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  16. ↑ "Florida Statutes 14.055". Law Server. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  17. ↑ "Georgia Constitution of 1983: Article V". Georgia Info. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  18. ↑ "The Constitution of the State of Hawaii: Article V". Hawaii Legislative Reference Bureau. Archived from the original on February 1, 2021. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  19. ↑ "2013 Revised Hawaii Statutes 26-2: Order of succession to offices of governor and lieutenant governor". Justia. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 "Hawaii Department Directors and Deputies". Office of the Governor, State of Hawaii. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  21. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Idaho: Article IV — Executive Department". Secretary of State of Idaho. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  22. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Illinois". Illinois General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  23. ↑ "Illinois Compiled Statutes 15 ILCS 5 — Governor Succession Act". Illinois General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  24. ↑ "Current Indiana Constitution as amended". Indiana General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  25. ↑ "1857 Constitution of the State of Iowa" (PDF). Iowa General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  26. ↑ "Article I: 75–125". Kansas Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  27. ↑ "Emergency Interim Executive and Judicial Succession Act of 1994". Kansas Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  28. ↑ "Constitution of Kentucky, Section 84". Kentucky General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  29. ↑ "Constitution of Kentucky, Section 85". Kentucky General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  30. ↑ "Constitution of Kentucky, Section 87". Kentucky General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  31. ↑ "Constitution of Louisiana: Article IV. Executive Branch". Louisiana Senate. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  32. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Maine". Maine Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  33. ↑ "Constitution of Maryland: Article II". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  34. ↑ "Massachusetts Constitution: Article LV". Massachusetts General Court. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  35. ↑ "State Constitution: Article V, Section 26". www.legislature.mi.gov. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  36. ↑ "Revised Statutes of 1846 (EXCERPT) – Section 10.2 THE GOVERNOR". www.legislature.mi.gov. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  37. ↑ "Emergency Interim Executive Succession Act". www.legislature.mi.gov. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  38. ↑ "Whitmer - Gov. Whitmer Designates Emergency Interim Successors". www.michigan.gov. January 25, 2019. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  39. ↑ The Office of Governor Gretchen Whitmer (January 25, 2019). "Gov. Whitmer Designates Emergency Interim Successors". Michigan.gov.
  40. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Minnesota: Article V". Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  41. ↑ "Constitutional Offices and Duties, Chapter 4: 4.06". Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  42. ↑ "The Constitution of the State of Mississippi" (PDF). Secretary of State of Mississippi. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  43. ↑ "Missouri Constitution Section: Article IV, Section 11(a)". Missouri General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  44. ↑ "The Constitution of the State of Montana: Article VI, Section 6". Montana Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  45. ↑ "Montana Code 2-16-511. Vacancy in office of governor and lieutenant governor". LawServer. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  46. ↑ "Montana Code 2-16-512. Election by legislature if president of senate and speaker unable to assume office of governor". LawServer. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  47. ↑ "Montana Code 2-16-513. Succession in case of termination or incapacitation of primary successors". LawServer. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  48. ↑ "Nebraska State Constitution: Article IV-16". Nebraska Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  49. ↑ "Nebraska Revised Statute 84-120". Nebraska Legislature. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
  50. ↑ "Nebraska Revised Statute 84-121". Nebraska Legislature. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
  51. ↑ "Nevada Revised Statutes 223.080". Nevada Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  52. ↑ "State Constitution: Part 2". State of New Hampshire. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  53. ↑ "New Jersey State Constitution 1947". New Jersey Legislature. Archived from the original on June 30, 2009. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  54. ↑ "New Jersey Revised Statutes Section 52:14A-4 – Additional successors to office of Governor". Justia. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  55. ↑ "New Mexico Constitution Art. V, § 7. Succession to office of governor". FindLaw. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  56. ↑ "New York State Constitution" (PDF). New York Department of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 5, 2016. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  57. ↑ "Defense Emergency Act 1951". New York State Senate. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  58. ↑ "North Carolina State Constitution". North Carolina General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  59. ↑ "G.S. §147-11.1 — Succession to office of Governor; Acting Governor" (PDF). North Carolina General Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  60. ↑ "Constitution of North Dakota" (PDF). North Dakota Legislative Assembly. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  61. ↑ "Ohio Constitution, Article III, Section 15". Ohio Legislature. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  62. ↑ "161.03 Succession to the governorship". Ohio Revised Code. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
  63. ↑ "Oklahoma Constitution: Article VI Section 15". Oklahoma State Courts Network. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  64. ↑ "Oregon Constitution". Oregon Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  65. ↑ "The Constitution of Pennsylvania: Article IV §13 — When Lieutenant Governor to act as Governor". Pennsylvania General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  66. ↑ "The Constitution of Pennsylvania: Article IV §14 — Vacancy in office of Lieutenant Governor". Pennsylvania General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  67. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations: Article IX — Of the Executive Power". Rhode Island General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  68. ↑ "Article IV, Executive Department" (PDF). scstatehouse.gov.
  69. ↑ "Section 1-3-120: Vacancy in office of both Governor and Lieutenant Governor". casetext.com. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020.
  70. ↑ "Section 1-3-130: Disability of Governor, Lieutenant Governor and President of Senate pro tempore". casetext.com. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020.
  71. ↑ "Section 1-9-30: Emergency interim successors to office of Governor". casetext.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020.
  72. ↑ "Constitution of South Dakota: Article IV §6 — Succession of executive power". South Dakota Legislative Research Council. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  73. ↑ "The Constitution of the State of Tennessee" (PDF). Tennessee General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  74. ↑ "S.B. 206 — An Act regulating successorship to the Governor's Office in certain cases". HathiTrust. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  75. ↑ "The Texas Constitution: Article IV — Executive Department" (PDF). Texas Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  76. ↑ "Section 401.023 — Succession". Texas Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  77. ↑ "Utah Constitution: Article VII, §11 — Vacancy in office of Governor – Determination of disability". Utah Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  78. ↑ "Emergency Interim Succession Act" (PDF). Utah Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  79. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Vermont". Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  80. ↑ "3 V.S.A. § 1 — Vacancy, absence from State". Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  81. ↑ "20 V.S.A. § 183 — Additional successor to office of governor". Vermont General Assembly. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  82. ↑ "Constitution of Virginia: Article V, Section 16 — Succession to the office of Governor". Virginia's Legislative Information System. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  83. ↑ "Washington State Constitution". Washington State Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  84. ↑ "State Code of West Virginia, Section 6A-1-4a". West Virginia State Legislature. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  85. ↑ "Wisconsin Constitution" (PDF). Wisconsin Legislature. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  86. ↑ "Constitution of the State of Wyoming" (PDF). Secretary of State of Wyoming. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  87. ↑ "D.C. Code 1–241". ABF Associates. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  88. ↑ "Revised Constitution of American Samoa: Article IV". American Samoa Bar Association. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  89. ↑ "A.S.C.A. § 4.0106 — Line of succession". American Samoa Bar Association. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  90. ↑ "The Organic Act of Guam" (PDF). The Judiciary of Guam. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  91. ↑ "Commonwealth Constitution: Article III — Executive Branch". CNMI Law Revision Commission. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  92. ↑ "Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico: Article IV — The Executive". Wikisource. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  93. ↑ "Ley Núm. 7 del año 2005 (in Spanish)". LexJuris Puerto Rico. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  94. ↑ "Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands". Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  95. ↑ "3 V.I.C. § 29 — Executive Succession Act of 1972". LexisNexis. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
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