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Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse

Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse (Georg Donatus Wilhelm Nikolaus Eduard Heinrich Karl, 8 November 1906 – 16 November 1937), was the first child of Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, and his second wife, Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich. He was a nephew of Empress Alexandra and Emperor Nicholas II of Russia, and a great-grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Georg Donatus
Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
Georg Donatus in 1934
Head of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt
Tenure9 October 1937 – 16 November 1937
PredecessorGrand Duke Ernest Louis I
SuccessorPrince Louis
Born(1906-11-08)8 November 1906
Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse, German Empire
Died16 November 1937(1937-11-16) (aged 31)[1]
Ostend, Belgium
Cause of deathOstend air crash
Burial23 November 1937
New Mausoleum, Rosenhöhe Park, Darmstadt
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1931)​
IssuePrince Ludwig
Prince Alexander
Princess Johanna
Unnamed son
Names
German: Georg Donatus Wilhelm Nikolaus Eduard Heinrich Karl
English: George Donatus William Nicholas Edward Henry Charles
HouseHesse-Darmstadt
FatherErnest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
MotherPrincess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich

Marriage and children

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On 2 February 1931, in Darmstadt, Georg Donatus, a great-grandson of Queen Victoria, married his first cousin once removed, Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark, daughter of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg, sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and great-great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The couple had four children:

• Prince Ludwig Ernst Andreas of Hesse and by Rhine (25 October 1931 – 16 November 1937), killed in the air accident.

• Prince Alexander Georg Karl Heinrich of Hesse and by Rhine (14 April 1933 – 16 November 1937), killed in the air accident.

• Princess Johanna Marina Eleonore of Hesse and by Rhine (20 September 1936 – 14 June 1939), died from meningitis.[2][3][4]

• Unnamed son (16 November 1937), apparently born just before the air accident.[5]

On 1 May 1937, Georg Donatus and Cecilie both joined the Nazi Party.[6]

Death

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In October 1937, Georg Donatus's father, Grand Duke Ernest Louis of Hesse, died.

A few weeks after the funeral, his younger brother, Prince Louis, was due to marry the Hon. Margaret Geddes, daughter of Lord Geddes. On 16 November 1937, Georg Donatus, Cecilie, their two young sons, Georg Donatus's mother, Grand Duchess Eleonore, the children's nurse, a family friend, a pilot, and two crewmen took off in a Sabena Junkers Ju 52 aeroplane from Darmstadt, bound for the United Kingdom, where Louis's marriage ceremony was to take place. The aeroplane struck a factory chimney near Ostend, in Belgium, and crashed, bursting into flames and killing everyone on board. Cecilie was in an advanced state of pregnancy with their fourth child at the time of the crash. The remains of the newborn baby were found in the wreckage, indicating that Cecilie had gone into labour during the flight. The inquiry by the Belgian authorities suggested that, because of the birth, the pilot had attempted to land at the Stene aerodrome in Ostend despite poor weather conditions.[7]

Aftermath

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Louis's wedding had been scheduled for the 20 November but, following discussions with his future father-in-law Lord Geddes, was brought forward to the day after the accident (17 November) as a small and quiet ceremony, with the guests dressed in mourning.[8]

Immediately afterwards, he set off with his new wife Margaret, to Belgium to visit the crash site. The funeral and burial of Georg Donatus and his family took place at the Rosenhöhe, Darmstadt, Hesse, a few days later. Among those attending were Prince Philip,[9] Prince Christoph of Hesse, Gottfried, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Prince Philipp of Hesse, Berthold, Margrave of Baden, Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia, and Lord Louis Mountbatten. A photograph of the funeral procession, showing Prince Louis as chief mourner, depicts crowds saluting the mourners with the Hitler salute. World War II began less than two years later.

Georg Donatus and Cecilie's 14‑month‑old daughter, Johanna, was the only member of the immediate family who was not on board the aircraft. She was adopted by her uncle Louis and aunt Margaret in early 1938.[10][2] Johanna died of meningitis in 1939.[2][3][4]

With the death of the childless Louis in 1968, the male line of the Hesse and by Rhine became extinct.

Titles

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  • 8 November 1906 – 16 November 1937: His Royal Highness The Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

Georg Donatus never acceded to the grand‑ducal throne, as it had been abolished at the end of the First World War. After that point, former titles were often adopted as surnames, and it became uncommon for the head of a royal, grand‑ducal, or ducal family to change his title upon succeeding as head of the house.

Ancestry

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Ancestors of Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse
8. Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine
4. Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
9. Princess Elisabeth of Prussia
2. Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
10. Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
5. Princess Alice of the United Kingdom
11. Victoria of the United Kingdom
1. Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
12. Ferdinand, Prince of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
6. Hermann, Prince of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
13. Countess Caroline of Collalto and San Salvatore
3. Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
14. Wilhelm, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode
7. Countess Agnes of Stolberg-Wernigerode
15. Countess Elisabeth of Stolberg-Roßla

Patrilineal descent

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  1. Gilbert I, Count of the Maasgau, d. 842
  2. Gilbert II, Count of the Maasgau, 825–875
  3. Reginar, Duke of Lorraine, 850–915
  4. Reginar II, Count of Hainaut, 890–932
  5. Reginar III, Count of Hainaut, 920–973
  6. Lambert I, Count of Leuven, 950–1015
  7. Lambert II, Count of Leuven, d. 1054
  8. Henry II, Count of Leuven, 1020–1078
  9. Godfrey I, Count of Leuven, 1060–1139
  10. Godfrey II, Count of Leuven, 1187–1226
  11. Godfrey III, Count of Leuven, 1140–1190
  12. Henry I, Duke of Brabant, 1165–1235
  13. Henry II, Duke of Brabant, 1207–1248
  14. Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse, 1244–1308
  15. Otto I, Landgrave of Hesse, 1272–1328
  16. Louis the Junker of Hesse, 1305–1345
  17. Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse, 1341–1413
  18. Louis I, Landgrave of Hesse, 1402–1458
  19. Louis II, Landgrave of Hesse, 1438–1471
  20. William II, Landgrave of Hesse, 1469–1509
  21. Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, 1504–1567
  22. George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1547–1596
  23. Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1577–1626
  24. George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1605–1661
  25. Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1630–1678
  26. Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1667–1739
  27. Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1691–1768
  28. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 1719–1790
  29. Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse, 1753–1830
  30. Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse, 1777–1848
  31. Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine, 1809–1877
  32. Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse, 1837–1892
  33. Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, 1868–1937
  34. Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse, 1906–1937

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Worldroots.com Archived 14 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  2. 1 2 3 Mateos Sainz de Medrano 2004, p. 302.
  3. 1 2 Vickers 2000, p. 283-284.
  4. 1 2 Mitterrand 1999, p. 328.
  5. ↑ "Curse of Hesse". Time 29 November 1937. "Searchers poking in the charred wreck of the plane stumbled on the remains of an infant, prematurely delivered when the plane crashed." Retrieved 20 December 2009
  6. ↑ Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich: The Princes von Hessen in Nazi Germany (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 382.
  7. ↑ "Birth of Royal Infant seen as Cause of Crash". The Evening Independent. 23 November 1937. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
  8. ↑ "A Twelfth Victim". Western Argus (Kalgoorlie, WA : 1916 - 1938). Kalgoorlie, WA: National Library of Australia. 23 November 1937. p. 19. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
  9. ↑ Brandreth 2004, p. 69; Vickers 2000, p. 273
  10. ↑ Vickers 2000, p. 273.

Works cited

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