Wikipedia

Figure skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's singles

The men's singles figure skating competition at the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 13 and 14 February at the Iceberg Skating Palace in Sochi, Russia, and featured 30 skaters from 21 nations. Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan won the gold medal, Patrick Chan of Canada won the silver medal, and Denis Ten of Kazakhstan won the bronze medal. In addition to his gold medal, Hanyu became the first skater to surpass the 100-point threshold in the short program, setting a new world record score in the process. This was the first time that a Japanese skater had won the gold medal in the men's individual event, and was also the first Olympic medal in figure skating for Kazakhstan.

Men's singles
at the XXII Olympic Winter Games
VenueIceberg Skating Palace
Sochi, Russia
Dates13–14 February 2014
Competitors30 from 21 nations
Winning score280.09 points
Medalists
1st place, gold medalist(s) Yuzuru Hanyu  Japan
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Patrick Chan  Canada
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Denis Ten  Kazakhstan
← 2010
2018 →
Patrick Chan, Yuzuru Hanyu, and Denis Ten pose together
The medalists from the men's event at the 2010 Winter Olympics (from left to right): Patrick Chan of Canada (silver), Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan (gold), and Denis Ten of Kazakhstan (bronze)
The Iceberg Skating Palace as seen from the outside
All of the figure skating events at the 2014 Winter Olympics were held at the Iceberg Skating Palace in Sochi, Russia.[1]

Background

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The men's single skating competition at the 2014 Winter Olympics was held on 13 and 14 February at the Iceberg Skating Palace in Sochi, Russia.[1][2] Among the contenders seen as favorites for an Olympic medal were Patrick Chan of Canada, Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan, and Javier Fernández of Spain.[3] Chan was a three-time world champion, two-time Four Continents champion, and seven-time Canadian national champion.[4] Hanyu had won the bronze medal at the 2012 World Championships, two silver medals at the Four Continents Championships (2011, 2013), and was a two-time Japanese national champion.[5] Fernández was a two-time European champion (2013, 2014), the 2013 World Championship bronze medalist, and a four-time Spanish national champion.[6] One wildcard in the mix was Evgeni Plushenko of Russia, who had won the gold medal at the 2006 Winter Olympics, and had been part of the Russian team that had earlier won the team event.[3] Plushenko had also won Olympic silver medals in 2002 and 2010. He was also a three-time world champion (2001, 2003–2004), seven-time European champion (2000–2001, 2003, 2005–2006, 2010, 2012), and ten-time Russian national champion (1999–2002, 2004–2006, 2010, 2012–2013).[7]

Qualification

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Twenty-four quota spots in the men's event were awarded based on the results at the 2013 World Figure Skating Championships.[8] An additional six quota spots were earned at the 2013 Nebelhorn Trophy.[9] This was the first time that the Philippines had ever qualified for a figure skating event at the Winter Olympics; the Philippine Olympic Committee chose to send Michael Christian Martinez.[10] Martinez ended up being the only Filipino athlete sent to Sochi and served as the country's flag bearer.[11]

Qualifying nations in men's singles[8][9]
Event Skaters
per NOC		 Qualifying NOCs Total
skaters
2013 World Championships 3 Canada
 Japan		24
2 Kazakhstan
 Spain
 United States
 France
 Czech Republic
1 Germany
 China
 Uzbekistan
 Russia
 Sweden
 Belgium
 Austria
 Estonia
2013 Nebelhorn Trophy 1 Israel
 Romania
 Philippines
 Australia
 Ukraine
 Italy		6
Total 30

Required performance elements

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Men performed their short programs on 13 February.[2] Lasting no more than 2 minutes 50 seconds,[12] the short program had to include the following elements: one double or triple Axel; one triple or quadruple jump immediately preceded by connecting steps; one jump combination consisting of a double jump and a triple jump, two triple jumps, or a quadruple jump and a double jump or triple jump; one flying spin; one camel spin or sit spin with a change of foot; one spin combination with a change of foot; and a step sequence using the full ice surface.[13]

The top twenty-four highest scoring skaters after the short program advanced to the free skating, which they performed on 14 February.[2] The free skate could last no more than 4 minutes 30 seconds,[14] and had to include the following: eight jump elements, of which one had to be an Axel-type jump; three spins, of which one had to be a spin combination, one a flying spin, and one a spin with only one position; a step sequence; and a choreographic sequence.[15]

Judging

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Skaters were judged according to the required technical elements of their program (such as jumps and spins), as well as the overall presentation of their program, based on five program components (skating skills, transitions, performance/execution, composition/choreography, and musical interpretation). Each technical element in a figure skating performance was assigned a predetermined base point value and scored by a panel of nine judges on a scale from −3 to +3 based on the quality of its execution.[16] Each Grade of Execution (GOE) from –3 to +3 was assigned a value as indicated on the Scale of Values. For example, a triple Axel was worth a base value of 8.50 points, and a GOE of +3 was worth 3.00 points, so a triple Axel with a GOE of +3 earned 11.50 points.[17] The judging panel's GOE for each element was determined by calculating the trimmed mean (the average after discarding the highest and lowest scores). The panel's scores for all elements were added together to generate a Total Elements Score.[18] At the same time, the judges evaluated each performance based on the five aforementioned program components and assigned each a score from 0.25 to 10 in 0.25-point increments.[19] The judging panel's final score for each program component was also determined by calculating the trimmed mean. Those scores were then multiplied by the factor shown on the chart below; the results were added together to generate a total Program Component Score.[20]

Program component factoring[21]
Component Short program Free skating
Men's singles 1.00 2.00

Deductions were applied for certain violations, such as time infractions, stops and restarts, or falls.[22] The Total Elements Score and Program Component Score were then added together, minus any deductions, to generate a final performance score for each skater or team.[23]

Records

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The following new record high score were set during this competition.

Record high scores
Date Skater(s) Segment Score Ref.
13 February Japan Yuzuru Hanyu Short program 101.45 [24]

Results

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Yuzuru Hanyu at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Patrick Chan at the 2016 Four Continents Championships
Denis Ten at the 2015 Trophée Éric Bompard
The gold, silver, and bronze medalists from the men's event at the 2014 Winter Olympics (from left to right):
Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan (gold), Patrick Chan of Canada (silver), and Denis Ten of Kazakhstan (bronze)
Code key

Short program

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The men's short program was held on 13 February.[2] Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan finished in first place, setting a new world record score in the process, and also becoming the first skater to surpass the 100-point threshold in the short program. Hanyu's routine was described as "a barrier-breaking performance so brilliant, it [would] be numbered among the greatest short programs ever".[25] His performance – set to "Parisienne Walkways" by Gary Moore[26] – included a quadruple toe loop and a triple Lutz-triple toe loop jump combination.[24]

Hanyu's score of 101.45 put him nearly four points ahead of Patrick Chan of Canada.[25] "I like being in second," Chan said afterward. "I like being in the chase."[26] Chan's short program was set to Elegie in E flat minor by Sergei Rachmaninoff, and featured a quadruple toe loop-triple toe loop combination, triple Lutz, and triple Axel, though with a small error on the landing of the triple Axel.[26]

Javier Fernández of Spain finished in third place, while three other skaters trailed him by less than one point.[25] Denis Ten of Kazakhstan, who finished ninth, and Daisuke Takahashi of Japan, who finished fourth,[27] both had errors in their performances, while Jason Brown of the United States, in his first season competing internationally at the senior level,[28] finished in sixth place with a new personal best score, despite not performing a quadruple jump.[25]

Evgeni Plushenko of Russia, who had been part of the Russian team that earlier won the team event, withdrew from the competition after his name was called for him to begin his short program. Plushenko later explained that when he fell on a triple Axel during the warmup, it felt "like a knife in [his] back," and he decided he could not compete,[29] Before exiting the rink, he skated to the center of the ice, patted his heart, and bowed to the audience.[28] Plushenko, who had undergone twelve surgeries, including recently on his back, had been errant in attending practices leading up to the competition, and had fallen twice hard on the ice during practice the day before.[30] When he left the arena, a decent number of spectators followed, leaving the arena one-third full by the end of the competition.[25]

Jeremy Abbott of the United States fell hard on the ice after attempting a quadruple toe loop, sliding into the boards, where he lay stunned for several seconds, grabbing at his hip in pain. His coach Yuka Sato was attempting to open the door to enter onto the ice when Abbott got up and continued his routine. He explained afterward that the cheers of the audience inspired him to get up and finish his performance. Abbott altered his planned routine to account for the lost time, but he still managed to complete all of the required elements and finished strong. He received a standing ovation from the audience, and doubled over in pain as he exited the ice. He ultimately finished the short program in fifteenth place. "I'm not in the least bit ashamed," Abbott said afterward, "I ... finished that program and I'm proud of my effort and proud of what I did under the circumstance".[29]

Men's short program results[27]
Pl. Skater Nation TSS TES PCS SS TR PE CH IN
1 Yuzuru Hanyu  Japan 101.45 54.84 46.61 9.36 9.00 9.50 9.39 9.36
2 Patrick Chan  Canada 97.52 50.34 47.18 9.43 9.32 9.32 9.54 9.57
3 Javier Fernández  Spain 86.98 43.87 43.11 8.54 8.39 8.61 8.75 8.82
4 Daisuke Takahashi  Japan 86.40 41.75 44.65 8.86 8.61 9.04 9.00 9.14
5 Peter Liebers  Germany 86.04 47.26 38.78 7.71 7.50 7.86 7.96 7.75
6 Jason Brown  United States 86.00 45.39 40.61 7.96 7.82 8.18 8.29 8.36
7 Brian Joubert  France 85.84 45.11 40.73 8.18 7.61 8.54 8.11 8.29
8 Yan Han  China 85.66 44.94 40.72 8.43 7.79 8.11 8.14 8.25
9 Denis Ten  Kazakhstan 84.06 43.49 41.57 8.46 7.93 8.36 8.39 8.43
10 Alexander Majorov  Sweden 83.81 45.52 38.29 7.75 7.32 7.79 7.61 7.82
11 Tatsuki Machida  Japan 83.48 40.98 42.50 8.57 8.32 8.43 8.54 8.64
12 Michal Březina  Czech Republic 81.95 42.20 39.75 8.18 7.64 8.00 8.00 7.93
13 Tomáš Verner  Czech Republic 81.09 42.11 39.98 8.04 7.68 8.04 8.04 8.18
14 Florent Amodio  France 75.58 35.79 39.79 8.00 7.57 8.11 7.93 8.18
15 Jeremy Abbott  United States 72.58 37.21 37.37 7.86 7.18 7.18 7.61 7.54
16 Jorik Hendrickx  Belgium 72.52 39.88 32.64 6.71 6.25 6.71 6.43 6.54
17 Kevin Reynolds  Canada 68.76 33.98 36.78 7.46 7.07 7.29 7.32 7.64
18 Misha Ge  Uzbekistan 68.07 35.64 32.43 6.18 6.18 6.64 6.54 6.89
19 Michael Christian Martinez  Philippines 64.81 33.31 31.50 6.21 6.04 6.46 6.36 6.43
20 Abzal Rakimgaliev  Kazakhstan 64.18 34.50 29.68 5.93 5.61 6.00 6.00 6.14
21 Yakov Godorozha  Ukraine 62.65 34.08 28.57 5.75 5.64 5.75 5.75 5.68
22 Alexei Bychenko  Israel 62.44 32.05 31.39 6.32 6.00 6.32 6.36 6.39
23 Viktor Romanenkov  Estonia 61.55 34.16 27.39 5.68 5.07 5.61 5.57 5.46
24 Zoltan Kelemen  Romania 60.41 30.40 30.01 6.25 5.68 6.00 6.04 6.04
25 Javier Raya  Spain 59.76 28.91 30.85 6.07 5.96 6.21 6.29 6.32
26 Viktor Pfeifer  Austria 56.60 25.23 31.37 6.43 6.04 6.29 6.32 6.29
27 Paul Bonifacio Parkinson  Italy 56.30 28.91 28.39 5.68 5.39 5.71 5.75 5.86
28 Liam Firus  Canada 55.04 27.47 29.57 6.19 5.75 5.75 5.89 6.00
29 Brendan Kerry  Australia 47.12 21.87 26.25 5.46 5.11 5.04 5.43 5.21
WD Evgeni Plushenko  Russia Withdrew from competition

Free skating

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The men's free skating was held on 14 February.[2] Despite falling on his opening quadruple Salchow, Yuzuru Hanyu won the gold medal, becoming the first skater from Japan, not to mention all of Asia, to win an Olympic gold medal in men's figure skating. Hanyu also fell on his triple flip. After finishing his program, Hanyu knelt on the ice, sure that he had blown his chance at the gold medal.[31] The four-point lead that Hanyu had secured in the short program was enough to secure him the gold, when his competitors made errors as well.[32] Hanyu's victory came nearly three years after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami that struck his hometown of Sendai. Hanyu had been at practice when the earthquake struck; the water pipes under the ice exploded, flooding the rink and melting the ice. Hanyu and his family sheltered at an emergency center for four days, before they could return to their home. "I lost my skating rink because of the earthquake and I was literally struggling to live at that time, let alone to try and keep skating," Hanyu said after his victory. "I really thought about quitting skating then."[33] When asked at the post-competition press conference why he was not smiling, Hanyu spoke about the difficulties of those in Sendai trying to rebuild from the earthquake. He spoke about everyone home who had supported him, and an official from Japan told him that even though it was 4:00am there, people in Sendai were celebrating his victory.[33]

Patrick Chan finished in second place after he made a series of mistakes in what was described as a "watered-down" program,[32] while Denis Ten, who had been in ninth place after the short program, surged to third with a routine that featured three jump combinations. It was the first Olympic medal in figure skating for Kazakhstan. Ten called his bronze medal his "gift to [his] country".[31] Jason Brown finished in ninth place after he failed to earn any points for his final triple loop, while Jeremy Abbott finished in twelfth place. Abbott had woken up in pain after his fall on the ice during the short program, and was unable to do any loop jumps, so he swapped them out for other jumps, and eschewed the quadruple toe loop that had caused his fall. For Abbott, the four-time U.S. national champion who had already announced that he would retire at the end of the season, the chance to end the 2014 Winter Olympics with a clean performance was a redemption.[34]

For the first time, all three of the medalists in the Olympic men's event were of Asian descent. Yuzuru Hanyz was from Japan, Patrick Chan was born in Canada to parents who had emigrated from Hong Kong; and Denis Ten was from Kazakhstan, though ethnically Korean. In fact, six of the top seven skaters in the men's event were of Asian descent.[35]

Men's free skate results[36]
Pl. Skater Nation TSS TES PCS SS TR PE CH IN
1 Yuzuru Hanyu  Japan 178.64 89.66 90.98 9.07 8.96 8.89 9.21 9.36
2 Patrick Chan  Canada 178.10 85.40 92.70 9.39 9.25 8.93 9.39 9.39
3 Denis Ten  Kazakhstan 171.04 88.90 82.14 8.21 7.89 8.36 8.32 8.29
4 Tatsuki Machida  Japan 169.94 88.22 82.72 8.39 7.93 8.36 8.32 8.36
5 Javier Fernández  Spain 166.94 77.80 89.14 8.64 8.75 9.00 9.00 9.18
6 Daisuke Takahashi  Japan 164.27 73.27 91.00 9.11 8.82 9.04 9.14 9.39
7 Yan Han  China 160.54 80.60 79.94 8.54 7.75 8.04 7.89 7.75
8 Jeremy Abbott  United States 160.12 78.10 82.02 8.07 7.79 8.18 8.36 8.61
9 Peter Liebers  Germany 153.83 75.97 78.86 7.75 7.79 7.86 8.07 7.96
10 Kevin Reynolds  Canada 153.47 79.83 73.64 7.43 7.14 7.43 7.43 7.39
11 Jason Brown  United States 152.37 68.09 84.28 8.14 8.43 8.32 8.54 8.71
12 Tomáš Verner  Czech Republic 151.90 73.98 78.92 8.00 7.57 7.86 7.96 8.07
13 Michal Březina  Czech Republic 151.67 75.31 77.36 8.00 7.43 7.89 7.75 7.61
14 Brian Joubert  France 145.93 69.51 76.42 7.89 7.00 7.93 7.75 7.64
15 Jorik Hendrickx  Belgium 141.52 73.88 67.64 6.89 6.43 6.82 6.86 6.82
16 Alexander Majorov  Sweden 141.05 66.05 75.00 7.64 7.25 7.57 7.50 7.54
17 Misha Ge  Uzbekistan 135.19 69.63 65.56 6.39 6.07 6.82 6.43 7.07
18 Florent Amodio  France 123.06 49.00 74.06 7.61 6.96 7.46 7.32 7.68
19 Yakov Godorozha  Ukraine 119.54 65.12 54.42 5.57 5.14 5.54 5.50 5.46
20 Michael Christian Martinez  Philippines 119.44 62.58 57.86 5.93 5.68 5.79 5.71 5.82
21 Alexei Bychenko  Israel 114.62 59.96 55.66 5.93 5.25 5.61 5.61 5.43
22 Abzal Rakimgaliev  Kazakhstan 110.22 53.92 56.30 5.86 5.18 5.54 5.75 5.82
23 Zoltan Kelemen  Romania 98.35 50.27 51.08 5.54 4.79 4.89 5.25 5.07
24 Viktor Romanenkov  Estonia 78.44 32.42 48.02 5.32 4.54 4.54 5.07 4.54

Overall

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Men's results[37]
Rank Skater Nation Total SP FS
1st place, gold medalist(s) Yuzuru Hanyu  Japan 280.09 1 101.45 1 178.64
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Patrick Chan  Canada 275.62 2 97.52 2 178.10
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Denis Ten  Kazakhstan 255.10 9 84.06 3 171.04
4 Javier Fernández  Spain 253.92 3 86.98 5 166.94
5 Tatsuki Machida  Japan 253.42 11 83.48 4 169.94
6 Daisuke Takahashi  Japan 250.67 4 86.40 6 164.27
7 Yan Han  China 246.20 8 85.66 7 160.54
8 Peter Liebers  Germany 239.87 5 86.04 9 153.83
9 Jason Brown  United States 238.37 6 86.00 11 152.37
10 Michal Březina  Czech Republic 233.62 12 81.95 13 151.67
11 Tomáš Verner  Czech Republic 232.99 13 81.09 12 151.90
12 Jeremy Abbott  United States 232.70 15 72.58 8 160.12
13 Brian Joubert  France 231.77 7 85.84 14 145.93
14 Alexander Majorov  Sweden 224.86 10 83.81 16 141.05
15 Kevin Reynolds  Canada 222.23 17 68.76 10 153.47
16 Jorik Hendrickx  Belgium 214.04 16 72.52 15 141.52
17 Misha Ge  Uzbekistan 203.26 18 68.07 17 135.19
18 Florent Amodio  France 198.64 14 75.58 18 123.06
19 Michael Christian Martinez  Philippines 184.25 19 64.81 20 119.44
20 Yakov Godorozha  Ukraine 182.19 21 62.65 19 119.54
21 Alexei Bychenko  Israel 177.06 22 62.44 21 114.62
22 Abzal Rakimgaliev  Kazakhstan 174.40 20 64.18 22 110.22
23 Zoltán Kelemen  Romania 158.76 24 60.41 23 98.35
24 Viktor Romanenkov  Estonia 139.99 23 61.55 24 78.44
25 Javier Raya  Spain 59.76 25 59.76 Did not advance
to free skate
26 Viktor Pfeifer  Austria 56.60 26 56.60
27 Paul Bonifacio Parkinson  Italy 56.30 27 56.30
28 Liam Firus  Canada 55.04 28 55.04
29 Brendan Kerry  Australia 47.12 29 47.12
WD Evgeni Plushenko  Russia Withdrew from competition

Controversy

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The decision of the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) to select Evgeni Plushenko for the Olympic team was seen as controversial by many in Russia, especially as he had lost the 2014 Russian Figure Skating Championships to Maxim Kovtun. Russia only qualified one man to the 2014 Winter Olympics, and could not submit one skater to compete in the team event and another in the men's individual event. During the 2014 European Figure Skating Championships, Ottavio Cinquanta, then-president of the International Skating Union, stated, "If one of your skaters has sustained the same injury for years, you should not enter him or her."[38] Plushenko did not compete at the 2014 European Championships. Questions about swapping in a replacement skater during the Olympics yielded more complicated answers. If Plushenko were submitted as Russia's entrant to the Olympics, and withdrew after the short program during the team event, Russia would not have been able to substitute another skater, as Plushenko would have been the only qualified men's skater on the Russian team. However, if Plushenko were to withdraw for medical reasons after the team event, but before the men's individual event, the ROC could have theoretically petitioned the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to name a replacement, per the IOC's Late Athlete Replacement Policy. Such decisions were made on a case-by-case basis.[38]

After his second-place finish at the 2014 Russian Championships, Plushenko said that he would skip the European Championships and only compete in the Olympic team event, leaving another skater to compete in the individual event.[39] Valentin Piseev, then-chief executive of the Figure Skating Federation of Russia (FSFR), walked back Plushenko's remarks, since advanced planning like that was plainly against the Olympic rules.[40] Plushenko was ultimately chosen for the Olympic team after skating for members of the selection committee behind closed doors.[41] He was successful during the short program of the team event, finishing second behind Yuzuru Hanyu, but ahead of Patrick Chan.[42] His performance during the free skate was not as good – performing only one quadruple jump[43] – but he reported having back pain. On 10 February, Aleksandr Gorshkov, then-president of the FSFR, said that Plushenko would compete in the individual event. Vitaly Mutko, then-director of the Russian Ministry of Sport, stated that Plushenko had been cleared by his coach (Alexei Mishin) and the team's doctors to compete. However, Plushenko withdrew from the short program minutes before he was set to compete.[40]

Considering his age (31) and history of back pain and multiple surgeries, many Russians asked why Plushenko had been chosen for Russia's sole men's quota spot in the first place. The selection committee cited the inconsistent competitive history on behalf of Maxim Kovtun to explain why he was not selected. Kovtun had won the Russian Championships, but finished in seventeenth place at the European Championships.[44]

See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 "Iceberg Skating Palace". International Olympic Committee. 29 October 2019. Archived from the original on 18 November 2025. Retrieved 6 June 2026.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Schedule and results". Sochi2014. Archived from the original on 10 April 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
  3. 1 2 "Russia's Plushenko to skate seventh in men's short program". Midland Daily News. 11 February 2014. p. B4. Retrieved 13 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ↑ "CAN–Patrick Chan". Skating Scores. Archived from the original on 21 January 2025. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  5. ↑ "JPN–Yuzuru Hanyu". Skating Scores. Archived from the original on 18 August 2025. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  6. ↑ "ESP–Javier Fernández". Skating Scores. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  7. ↑ "Competition Results – Evgeni Plushenko". International Skating Union. 27 July 2014. Archived from the original on 19 January 2025. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  8. 1 2 "Communication No. 1791: Entries/Participation 2014 Olympic Winter Games (OWG) – Single & Pair Skating/Ice Dance". International Skating Union. 6 May 2013. Archived from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  9. 1 2 "Communication No. 1821: Olympic Winter Games 2014 – Entries/Participation Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance" (PDF). International Skating Union. 1 October 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  10. ↑ Patria, Kim Arveen (10 October 2013). "First Pinoy figure skater to join Winter Olympics". Yahoo! Philippines. Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
  11. ↑ Ewing, Lori (14 February 2014). "Canada's Chan befriends Filipino skater". Guelph Mercury. The Canadian Press. p. B2. Retrieved 13 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 80.
  13. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 84.
  14. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 81.
  15. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 88.
  16. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, pp. 100–102.
  17. ↑ "Communication No. 1790: Single & Pair Skating Scale of Values, Levels of Difficulty and Guidelines for marking Grades of Execution" (PDF). International Skating Union. 26 April 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  18. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 18.
  19. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 19.
  20. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, pp. 19–20.
  21. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 20.
  22. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 21.
  23. ↑ S&P/ID 2012, p. 22.
  24. 1 2 Caple, Jim (13 February 2014). "Hanyu delivers historic performance". ESPN. Archived from the original on 15 July 2025. Retrieved 6 June 2026.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 Hersh, Philip (14 February 2014). "Japan's Hanyu soars as Plushenko retires". The State. Chicago Tribune. pp. C3. Retrieved 13 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  26. 1 2 3 Buffery, Steve (14 February 2014). "Chan now doing the hunting". The Sun Times. p. B2. Retrieved 13 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. 1 2 "Olympic Winter Games Sochi 2014 – Men Short Program – Result Details". International Skating Union. 13 February 2014. Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  28. 1 2 "Skating star rises while veteran exits". The Fresno Bee. 14 February 2014. p. B5. Retrieved 13 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. 1 2 Seidel, Jeff (14 February 2014). "'I'm finishing'". The Post-Standard. Detroit Free Press. pp. B3. Retrieved 13 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. ↑ Myles, Stephanie (13 February 2014). "Evgeni Plushenko out of the men's figure-skating event for medical reasons". Yahoo! Sports Canada. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2026.
  31. 1 2 "Japan's first Olympic men's figure skating gold medal for Yuzuru Hanyu". NBC Olympics. 14 February 2014. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  32. 1 2 "Hanyu is good enough for gold". Omaha World-Herald. 15 February 2014. p. 12C. Retrieved 14 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  33. 1 2 Reid, Scott M. (14 February 2014). "Japan's Hanyu wins gold in men's figure skating". Orange County Register. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  34. ↑ Cohen, Rachel (15 February 2014). "American Brown settles for ninth place". The Daily News. The Associated Press. pp. B1, B4. Retrieved 14 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  35. ↑ "Sochi 2014: Asians are kind of good at figure skating, too". AX3 Battery. 16 February 2014. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  36. ↑ "Olympic Winter Games Sochi 2014 – Men Free Skating – Result Details". International Skating Union. 14 February 2014. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  37. ↑ "2014 Olympic Winter Games – Mens Final Results". Skating Scores. Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  38. 1 2 Berlot, Jean-Christophe (17 January 2014). "The Plushenko case: To skate or not to skate?". Icenetwork. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
  39. ↑ Chernov, Alexander (25 December 2013). "Евгений Плющенко: «Я пропущу чемпионат Европы, а в Сочи выберу командный турнир»" [Evgeni Plushenko: "I will skip the European Championships, and for Sochi, I will choose the team event."]. Sports.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 31 May 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  40. 1 2 Bershidsky, Leonid (14 February 2014). "The Olympic no-show that shook Russia". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  41. ↑ Cohen, Rachel (9 February 2014). "Russia on verge of gold in first Olympic team event". The Montana Standard. p. B6. Retrieved 14 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  42. ↑ Hersh, Philip (7 February 2014). "Opener just like old times". Chicago Tribune. p. 3. Retrieved 14 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ↑ Buffery, Steve (10 February 2014). "And how did he do that?". The Tribune. p. B4. Retrieved 14 June 2026 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ↑ Ioffe, Julia (13 February 2014). "Evgeni Plushenko pulls out of the Olympics, proving that corruption is bad". The New Republic. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2026.

Works cited

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