Wikipedia

Farcaș

Farcaș,[1][2] also Farkas, Farkaș[3] or Farcas,[4] was a cneaz (local chieftain or ruler)[4][5] mentioned in the Diploma of the Joannites issued by king Béla IV of Hungary (1235–1270) on 2 July 1247; the diploma granted territories to the Knights Hospitaller in the Banate of Severin and Cumania.[6] Farcaș held a kenazate which was given to the knights by the king.[6] His kenazate lay in the northeast of modern Oltenia (in Romania).[4]

The diploma of Béla IV also refers to the kenazates of John and voivode Litovoi and to voivode Seneslau.[6] Seneslau and Litovoi are expressly said to be Vlachs (Olati) in the king's diploma.[6]

Farkas (Farcaș) is a typical Hungarian name meaning ‘wolf’.[6] The Romanian historian Ioan-Aurel Pop suggests that his name is mentioned in Hungarian translation in the diploma, and Farcaș's kenazate was one of the incipient Romanian states south of the Carpathian Mountains.[4]

According to the Hungarian historian István Vásáry [hu], Farcaș was either Hungarian or Romanian with Hungarian name, but the latter supposition is less probable, since Lupu, the Romanian equivalent of Hungarian Farkas, was used by the Romanians.[6]

László Makkai proposes that the name of Vâlcea County could indicate the land of Farcaș (Slavic vlk (‘wolf’) > Vâlcea).[7]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Georgescu, Vlad (1991). The Romanians: A History.
  2. ↑ Spinei, Victor. The Romanians and the Turkic Nomads North of the Danube Delta from the Tenth to the Mid-Thirteenth Century.
  3. ↑ Klepper, Nicolae. Romania: An Illustrated History.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Pop, Ioan Aurel. Romanians and Romania: A Brief History.
  5. ↑ Rady, Martyn. Nobility, Land and Service in Medieval Hungary.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365.
  7. ↑ Makkai, László. From the Hungarian conquest to the Mongol invasion.

Sources

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  • Georgescu, Vlad (Author) – Calinescu, Matei (Editor) – Bley-Vroman, Alexandra (Translator): The Romanians – A History; Ohio State University Press, 1991, Columbus; ISBN 0-8142-0511-9
  • Klepper, Nicolae: Romania: An Illustrated History; Hippocrene Books, 2005, New York; ISBN 0-7818-0935-5
  • Makkai, László: From the Hungarian conquest to the Mongol invasion; in: Köpeczi, Béla (General Editor) – Makkai, László; Mócsy, András; Szász, Zoltán (Editors) – Barta, Gábor (Assistant Editor): History of Transylvania - Volume I: From the beginnings to 1606; Akadémiai Kiadó, 1994, Budapest; ISBN 963-05-6703-2
  • Pop, Ioan-Aurel: Romanians and Romania: A Brief History; Columbia University Press, 1999, New York; ISBN 0-88033-440-1
  • Rady, Martyn: Nobility, Land and Service in Medieval Hungary; Palgrave (in association with School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London), 2000, New York; ISBN 0-333-80085-0
  • Spinei, Victor: The Romanians and the Turkic Nomads North of the Danube Delta from the Tenth to the Mid-Thirteenth Century; Brill, 2009, Leiden and Boston; ISBN 978-90-04-17536-5
  • Vásáry, István: Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365; Cambridge University Press, 2005, Cambridge; ISBN 0-521-83756-1
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