Erik Hollnagel

Erik Hollnagel is a Danish safety researcher who worked in multiple domains, including aviation and health care. He is one of the founding researchers of the fields of cognitive systems engineering..^[1] and resilience engineering^[2], alongside of David Woods.

Work

Safety-II

Hollnagel proposed a new perspective on safety which he referred to as Safety-II, which he contrasted with the traditional perspective, which he referred to as Safety-I^[3]

ETTO Principle

Hollnagel used the term "ETTO Principle" to describe a fundamental tradeoff involved in work between being efficient and being thorough, hence the Efficiency-Thoroughness Tradeoff (ETTO)^[4]

FRAM

The Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) is a technique developed by Hollnagel for modeling how accidents can occur in complex systems^[5]

Resilience potentials

In the field of resilience engineering, Hollnagel characterized resilient systems as those which possessed the following four resilience potentials^[2]^[6]

responding to threats (including readiness to respond)
monitoring in a flexible way
anticipating threats and opportunities
learning from experience

Hollnagel proposed an approach for measuring these potentials, which was initially referred to as the Resilience Assessment Grid (RAG), and was later renamed to Systemic Potentials Management (SPM)

Selected publications

Books (authored)

Human reliability analysis: Context and control (1993)
Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) (1998)
Barriers and accident prevention (2004)
Joint cognitive systems: Foundations of cognitive systems engineering (2005)
Joint cognitive systems: Patterns in cognitive systems. (2006)
The ETTO principle: Why things that go right sometimes go wrong (2009)
The Functional Resonance Analysis Method: Modelling complex socio-technical systems (2012)
Safety-I and Safety-II: The past and future of safety management (2014)
Safety-II in practice (2017)
Synesis: The unification of productivity, quality, safety and reliability (2020)

Books (edited)

Intelligent decision support in process environments (1986)
Cognitive engineering in complex dynamic worlds (1988)
The reliability of expert systems (1989)
Expertise and technology: Cognition and human-computer cooperation (1995)
Coping with computers in the cockpit: Practical problems cloaked as progress (1999)
Handbook of cognitive task design (2003)
Resilience engineering: Concepts and precepts (2006)
Resilience engineering perspectives, Volume 1: Remaining sensitive to the possibility of failure (2008)
Resilience engineering perspectives, Volume 2: Preparation and restoration (2009)
Safer complex industrial environments (2009)
Resilience engineering perspectives, Vol 3.: Resilience engineering in practice (2011)
Governance and control of financial systems: A resilience engineering perspective (2011)
Resilient health care (2013)
Resilience engineering in practice, Volume 2. Becoming resilient (2014)
Resilient health care, Volume 2: The resilience of everyday clinical work (2015)
Delivering resilient healthcare (2018)
Working across boundaries (2019)
Resilient Health Care: Muddling Through with Purpose, Volume 6 (2021)
Advancing Resilient Performance (2022)

References

↑ Cognitive systems engineering : the future for a changing world. Philip J. Smith, Robert R. Hoffman. Boca Raton. 2018. ISBN 978-1-315-57252-9. OCLC 1002192481.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
1 2 Dekker, Sidney (2019). Foundations of safety science : a century of understanding accidents and disasters. Boca Raton. p. 411. ISBN 978-1-351-05977-0. OCLC 1091899791.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ Hollnagel, Erik (2014). Safety-I and safety-II: the past and future of safety management. Boca Raton London New York: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-4724-2308-5.
↑ Hollnagel, Erik, ed. (2009). The ETTO principle: efficiency-thoroughness trade-off: why things that go right sometimes go wrong. Farnham, England Burlington, VT: Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-315-61624-7.
↑ Hollnagel, Erik (2012). FRAM: the functional resonance analysis method: modelling complex socio-technical systems. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-4094-4551-7.
↑ Sekeľová, Frederika; Lališ, Andrej (2020-01-12). "Application of resilience assessment grid in production of aircraft components". MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development. 7 (4): 6–11. doi:10.14311/MAD.2019.04.01. ISSN 1805-7578.

External links

erikhollnagel.com

[:0-1] Cognitive systems engineering : the future for a changing world. Philip J. Smith, Robert R. Hoffman. Boca Raton. 2018. ISBN 978-1-315-57252-9. OCLC 1002192481.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

[:1-2] 1 2 Dekker, Sidney (2019). Foundations of safety science : a century of understanding accidents and disasters. Boca Raton. p. 411. ISBN 978-1-351-05977-0. OCLC 1091899791.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[3] Hollnagel, Erik (2014). Safety-I and safety-II: the past and future of safety management. Boca Raton London New York: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-4724-2308-5.

[4] Hollnagel, Erik, ed. (2009). The ETTO principle: efficiency-thoroughness trade-off: why things that go right sometimes go wrong. Farnham, England Burlington, VT: Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-315-61624-7.

[5] Hollnagel, Erik (2012). FRAM: the functional resonance analysis method: modelling complex socio-technical systems. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-4094-4551-7.

[6] Sekeľová, Frederika; Lališ, Andrej (2020-01-12). "Application of resilience assessment grid in production of aircraft components". MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development. 7 (4): 6–11. doi:10.14311/MAD.2019.04.01. ISSN 1805-7578.

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