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Draft:Turkmen Tatars

‹ The template Infobox ethnic group is being considered for merging. ›
Turkmen Tatars
Türkmen Tatarları
Regions with significant populations
 Bulgaria(unknown)
 Romania320[1]
 Ukraine/ Russia(unknown)
Languages
Crimean Tatar, Turkish
Religion
Islam
Related ethnic groups
Turkmens in Anatolia and the Levant, like Iraqi Turkmens
Distribution of Turkmens in Anatolia

Turkmen Tatars (Turkish: Türkmen Tatarları) are Tatars classifying themselves with Turkmen ancestry,[2] living in Crimea and Dobruja.

History

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The military campaign of Kayqubad I of Sultanate of Rum to Crimea in 1225

There were Turkmens which did settled from Anatolia, in the time of Sultanate of Rum, to Balkan in 13. century.[3] In Dobruja they did create the Dobruja Beylik.[4] Later on they went to Desht-i Kipchak,[3] even further to Crimea.[5] Some of them did become the Gagauz people.[6]

Between 15. and 17. century there were also Turkmens of Kara Evli Oğuz tribe from Khwarazm who did settled to the West with other Turkic-Mongol tribes, and did arrive in Budjak.[7]

Records show that Turkmens were mentioned in the region during the period of the Crimean Khanate and afterwards.[8]

The Turkmen Tatars specifically refer their origin to Mersin in today's Türkiye.[9] The 17th-century Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi also recorded in his Seyahatnâme that there was a clan named the Mersinoğulları (Sons of Mersin) living in the area of Mersin.[10] He also informs about the people he met in Qarasuvbazar: "There are such cunning slave traders in Qarasu. But they are not Tatars. They are again Anatolians from the Kayseri region."[11]

They are also known as Karamanlar "those from Karaman / Karamans".[12]

Some theories connect them with Stravpol and Astrakhan Turkmens, which do also have Nogai influence in their language.[13] However, some researchers suggest Romani or Kurdish ancestry.[13]

In a Crimean Tatar newspaper was this article published:[14][15] "The Turkmens living in Crimea, along with other Turkic clans, belong to a tribal group closely related to the Uzbeks and Kyrgyz who inhabit the Caspian Sea coast. According to the accounts of Arab historians, the Turkmens — a people numbering half a million who originally lived along the Amu Darya River — emerged in those ancient times and settled on the shores of the Caspian Sea. Their native language is Turkic. A portion of the Turkmen population currently resides in Turkey. The Turkmens arrived in Crimea alongside Turkic-Tatar tribes. Crimean Turkmens reside exclusively in the Ajibey *mahalle* (neighborhood) of Karasuvbazar and constitute a very small community. A few families among them are located in the cities of Kerch and Akmesjid. Family ties between Turkmens and Crimean Tatars date back to 1906. Turkmen customs and dialects differ from those of the neighboring Roma tribes; specifically of Akmesjid and Karasuvbazar possess their own distinct language. For instance, words such as *dest*, *pay*, *kelb*, *nan*, and *ap* indicate that the Crimean Turkmen belong to the Iranian peoples. The Turkmens, in contrast, differ from the Roma in terms of language, customs, and social etiquette."

Some of these Tatars did settled to Dobruja at the end of 19. century.[16]

Groups

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There are some groups who call themselves Tatars but are not accepted such by other Tatars and they call them Tayfa/Dayfa in Crimea and Davulcu/Çorapçı in Dobruja.[2][17]

Language

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The Turkmens are generally speakers of Oghuz languages. Turkmen Tatars speak Crimean Tatar and Turkish,[a] in both languages with their own dialect, there is also an Iranian influence.[12][14]

Religion

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Turkmen Tatars are commonly Muslims, it varies between Sunni and Shia traditions.[18] Some Shia traditions such as mourning during Muharram,[18] and singing ilahi chants[19] has been seen among them.

Recognition

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In media and in academic way they are still suffering presenting their own identity, because people just classify them as Roma.[20][2]

Although a growing number of academics support the theory that they are of Romani origin, they were mistaken for Romani people due to their dark complexion.[13]

The community describes the situation: „Let's start with the fact that the Turkmen Tatars, for the Crimean Tatars, despite the smaller difference in language, are "their own" to a much lesser extent than the Crimean Roma.“[21]

Notes

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  1. ↑ In Crimea their Turkish dialect is called Tayfaca or Tayfa dili.

References

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  1. ↑ Adriana Cupcea, Metin Omer, www.millet.ro, “Invisible Minorities. Millet, Turkish Tinsmiths and Davulcu in Dobruja (Romania)” research project, supported by Gerda Henkel Foundation.
  2. 1 2 3 Kizilov 2021, p. 40.
  3. 1 2 Ocak, Ahmet Yaşar (2002). Sarı Saltık: Popüler İslam'ın Balkanlar'daki Destanı Öncüsü (XIII. Yüzyıl) Ankara 2002.
  4. ↑ Kiel, Machiel (8 Mart 2012). "The Türbe of Sarı Saltık At Babadag-Dobrudja". Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi (6-7): 0-0. ISSN 0378-3863
  5. ↑ H. Stānescu, "Monuments d’Art Turc en Dobroudja", SAO, III (1961), s. 177-189
  6. ↑ İnalcık, Halil (2005). Türkler ve Balkanlar.
  7. ↑ Başer, Alper (2010). Bucak Tatarları (1550-1700). p. 175
  8. ↑ Туркмены на Юге Украины в конце XVIII – середине XIX вв.
  9. ↑ Marushiakova & Popov 2004, p. 155.
  10. ↑ İçel: Mersin- Tarsus- Çamlıyayla- Erdemli- Silifke- Aydıncık- Bozyazı- Anamur- Gülnar- Mut (Kültür, Turizm ve Tanıtım yayınları, 1992), p. 7.
  11. ↑ Çelebi, Evliya. Seyahatname.
  12. 1 2 Крымская Атлантида: гурбеты
  13. 1 2 3 Kizilov 2021, p. 40-41.
  14. 1 2 Сейдаметов Н. Туркменлер кимлердир? [Кто такие туркмены?] // Азат Кърым. 1942. 27 марта. С. 3. Пер. М. Б. Кизилова.
  15. ↑ Kizilov 2021, p. 50.
  16. ↑ Küçükdürüm, Ezginur & Akat, Abdullah (2026). Dobruca Türk-Tatar müziği ve kültürel temsiliyet (Dobruja Turkish Tatar music and cultural representation). Online Journal of Music Sciences
  17. ↑ Магдалена, Славкова (2007), Циганите евангелисти в България. Парадигма, София, ISBN 978-954-326-068-3, p. 20
  18. 1 2 Kizilov 2021, p. 41.
  19. ↑ "Развитие традиционных ремесел и промыслов в Крымском ханстве". Realnoe vremya (in Russian). 11 August 2023.
  20. ↑ Marushiakova & Popov 2004, p. 154.
  21. ↑ LiveJournal, Крымский Вавилон

Sources

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Category:Oghuz Turks Category:Turkic peoples Category:Tatar peoples

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