Wikipedia

Draft:Social Falangism

Social Falangism (Spanish: Falangismo Social) is a political movement in Bolivia and Chile dating from 1937 (Bolivian Socialist Falange[1]) and a contemporary Third Position Falangism that mixes the ideas of José Antonio Primo de Rivera[2] and socialism.[3][4]

Social Falange
Emblems
Founded 1937[1] and 2023–2026 (?)
Leaders
Inspiration
Ideologies
Additional positions

Social Falangism (Social Falange) in Bolivia

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The Bolivian Socialist Falange (Spanish: Falange Socialista Boliviana, FSB)[1] was founded in 1937 in Chile by a group of Bolivian exiles. Its leader and main ideologue was Óscar Únzaga de la Vega. The party emerged after Bolivia's defeat in the Chaco War (1932–1935) as a reaction to the crisis of the traditional oligarchic system.

The Bolivian Social Falange Poster

FSB was inspired by Spanish Falangism of José Antonio Primo de Rivera,[2] Italian Fascism and European National syndicalism.[5] At the same time, the party used left‑wing rhetoric (hence the word "Socialist" in its name), but in practice advocated a corporatist state, fierce anti‑communism, and "organic democracy" along the lines of Italian Fascism.

In the 1960s, FSB's popularity declined. After Únzaga's death (1967, officially by suicide – according to other sources he was killed during a clash with the army), the party split into several factions.

FSB still exists today, but as a marginal political force. It periodically tries to participate in elections, but never gains more than 1–2% of the vote. In the 2000s it became active again as a far‑right opposition to the left‑wing government of Evo Morales.

Modern Social Falangism as an ideology

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Modern Social Falangism does not exist as a full‑fledged party or an official organization; Social Falangists are small groups of people who share a similar opinion.[6] Contemporary Social Falangists are mainly from Latin America, Russia, the Baltic States and Poland.[7][8][9]

Modern Social Falangism is an ideology based on the teachings of José Antonio Primo de Rivera[2][5][10][11][12][13] and Nicola Bombacci,[3][4] with other socialist, fascist and syndicalist modifications.

Power is divided among three people: one leader (Caudillo) and two sub‑rulers who share power. The sub‑rulers are elected according to their influence in specific areas. They oversee their duties while simultaneously proposing ideas and laws, and the leader filters, modifies and deliberates. The leader is replaced only by death.

In factories and plants there is a national‑syndicalist system.[5][2] In the economy, the international market is accessible only if it benefits the Social Falangist state.

First photo: old social falange flag (made in Peru), second flag (unknown made, Latvia or Russia)

Social Falangism dislikes liberalism, extreme communism (Stalinism), Hitlerite Nazism, and populism.

At present there is no substantial data on Social Falangism, because it consists of very small groups of like‑minded people from different corners of the world.[14][15]

Conclusion

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Social Falangism remains a poorly documented and fragmented ideological current. Its historical roots lie in the Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB) of 1937,[6][15] while its modern form exists as small informal groups scattered across Latin America, Eastern Europe and the Baltic region.[16][17][18] The ideology draws from National Syndicalism,[5][10][11] Falangism[2][12] and so-called "Red Fascism"[3][4] (a hybrid of far-right and far-left elements), and it proposes a tripartite leadership (a single leader and two sub‑rulers) combined with a national-syndicalist economic model.

Due to the absence of centralized structures and the very small number of adherents, no robust academic or journalistic literature exists specifically on "Social Falangism". Researchers interested in related topics may consult works on:

Bibliography and further reading

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 "Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB)". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Earle, Petek G. (1962). "Falange: A History of Spanish Fascism". Hispanic American Historical Review. 42 (3): 417–418. doi:10.1215/00182168-42.3.417. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Red Fascism". The Anarchist Library. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "The Communist in a Blackshirt". Fascio Substack. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kruse, Erhard (15 August 1959). "National Syndicalism in Spain". Economic and Political Weekly. 11 (1959). Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  6. 1 2 3 "The Bolivian Falange: The Story of the Collapse of a Right-Wing Utopia". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  7. ↑ VK – Social Falangism
  8. ↑ Telegram – Social Falangism
  9. ↑ TikTok – Social Falangism
  10. 1 2 3 "Falangism (JSTOR)". JSTOR. JSTOR 1986563. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  11. 1 2 Seixas, Xosé M. Núñez; Beyda, Oleg (August 2024). "Russian emigres between the Spanish Civil War and Operation Barbarossa". Contemporary European History. 33 (3): 1078–1093. doi:10.1017/S0960777323000085. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  12. 1 2 "José Antonio Primo de Rivera". Granger. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  13. ↑ Archive.org – Freda
  14. 1 2 Andrey, Schelchkov (March 2023). "DOAJ – Falangism". Латиноамериканский Исторический Альманах. 37: 60–90. doi:10.32608/2305-8773-2023-37-1-60-90. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  15. 1 2 3 "FSB rally 2007". Alamy. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  16. 1 2 "Social Falangism VK group". VK. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  17. 1 2 "Social Falangism Telegram channel". Telegram. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  18. 1 2 "Social Falangism TikTok". TikTok. Retrieved 2026-05-11.

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