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Josef Maria Brožek (1913 - 2004) was A Czechoslovakian-American psychologist who is known for Minnesota Starvation Experiment during the end of the Second World War at the University of Minnesota, where he was a professor for 17 years. As the 8th president of the Society for the History of Psychology (part of APA), Josef M. Brožek was also active in international cooperation of psychologists. [1][2][3]
Background
editBrožek was born in 1913, shortly before the start of the First World War which would separate the Austrian-Hungarian empire. Born in Mělník in what is the Czech Republic today, he spent years in Poland and Siberia as a child. [1]
Career
editHis PhD thesis on memory from the Charles University was awarded in 1937, shortly before before the Munich Agreement. After working as an industrial psychologist in the Bata corporation, Brožek left Czechoslovakia for University of Pennsylvania in 1939. Later, he joined University of Minnesota. At Lehigh University, Brožek served as departmental chair between 1959 and 1963. [1]
In 1957, he organized a symposium in the US named "Nutrition and Behavior". [1] At international conferences in the 1970s, Brožek stressed the effect of malnutrition on behavior.
Along the 7th president of the Society for the History of Psychology, Solomon Diamond, Brožek wrote the chapter "'The Roots of Objective Psychology" for the encyclopedia Die Psychologie des 20. Jahrhunderts. [1]
After the Velvet Revolution in Prague, Brožek arranged for English literature to be distributed among Czech universities. In 1996, Charles University awarded him with a gold medal. In 1999, Masaryk University awarded him a honoris causa. [4] Often publishing with Jiří Hoskovec, Josef M. Brožek made many research trips to Prague, with William R. Woodward as an assistant, where he studied Czech authors oriented towards psychology, such as T.G. Masaryk or Jan E. Purkyně (Purkinje). [1]
References
edit- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Woodward, William R. (August 2004). "Josef Brozek (1913-2004)". History of Psychology. 7 (3): 297–311. doi:10.1037/1093-4510.7.3.297c. ISSN 1093-4510. PMID 15384186.
- ↑ Brozek, Josef M. (1997). "From a multiphasic to a monophasic profile: a biobibliographic addendum, 83-97". Revista de la Historia Psychologica. 18 (3–4): 417–438 – via Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid.
- ↑ Carpintero, Helio (2004-08). "Josef Brožek: The Spanish connection". History of Psychology. 7 (3): 302–306. doi:10.1037/1093-4510.7.3.302
- ↑ Hoskovec, J. (2004). Josef Maria Brozek (1913-2004). American Psychologist, 59(6), 564. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.6.564b