Atmakur | |
|---|---|
Revenue Village (Census Town) | |
| State | Telangana |
| District | Wanaparthy District |
| Mandal | Atmakur |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 12,297 |
| • Number of men | 6,194 |
| • Number of women | 6,103 |
| PIN Code | 509131 |
| STD Code | 08504 |
The Amarachinta Samsthanam (princely state) comprised 69 villages and spanned an area of approximately 190 square kilometers within the present-day Wanaparthy district (formerly part of Mahabubnagar district prior to reorganization). The capital of this Samsthanam was Atmakur. Consequently, this principality was also referred to as the Atmakur Samsthanam. According to the 1901 census, the state had a population of 34,147 and generated a total revenue income of 140,000 rupees [1]. Of this amount, 6,363 rupees were paid as tribute to the Nizam. The Atmakur Fort—the residential seat of the Samsthanam's rulers, remains structurally robust to this day. It is also known by the alternative name, Thippadampalli Fort. The Amarachinta Samsthanam is a principality with a very ancient lineage. The Gadwal Samsthanam lies to the south of the principality, with the Krishna River flowing along its border. However, due to the elevated terrain of the riverbank, it is not feasible to utilize the river's waters for agricultural purposes. Amarachinta and Atmakur were renowned for their *dastis* (scarves) and *dhovatis* (dhotis)—woven from the finest quality muslin fabric—as well as for their turbans woven with borders of gold and silk.
Geographical Features
editPrior to the formation of Wanaparthy district, the Amarachinta Samsthanam (princely state) was situated within Mahabubnagar district, with Atmakur serving as its capital. It spanned an area of 190 square kilometers and comprised a total of 69 villages. The Gadwal Samsthanam lay to the south of this state, with the Krishna River flowing along its southern boundary.[2] The Amarachinta Samsthanam was bordered by the Wanaparthy Samsthanam to the east, Raichur to the west, the Nizam's territories to the north, and the Gadwal Samsthanam to the south.
Economy
editBy 1901, they had an income of 140,000, out of which they paid 6,363 rupees as tribute to the Nizam.[1]
History
editDuring the Kakatiya era, Vardhamanapuram was under the dominion of Gona Buddha Reddy. The Reddy Kings governed this principality. A man named Gopala Reddy served as its *Desai* (administrator). In recognition of his invaluable services, Buddha Reddy granted the Makthal *pargana* to Gopala Reddy as a *Nadagaudikam* (feudal estate) in 1292 CE. Following Gopala Reddy, his second son, Chinna Gopi Reddy, succeeded to the *Nadagaudikam*. Along with Makthal, four other *mahals* (administrative divisions) came under Gopi Reddy's jurisdiction. Among these four, Amarachinta was one. The great-great-grandson of this Chinna Gopi Reddy also bore the name Gopi Reddy; he is referred to as Immadi Gopi Reddy. He belonged to the period around 1654 CE. His elder brother was Saheb Reddy. Of the five *mahals* inherited through succession, three went to Saheb Reddy, while the remaining two Vardhamanapuram and Amarachinta—fell to Immadi Gopi Reddy's share. Around 1676 CE, Immadi Gopi Reddy's son, Sarva Reddy, succeeded to the *Nadagaudikam*. Subsequently, Amarachinta gradually flourished and evolved into a full-fledged principality.[3] Sarva Reddy was a ruler with progressive policies; to augment water resources, he constructed a dam across the *Peddavagu* (Great Stream). He provided assistance to the armies of Aurangzeb. Consequently, he was bestowed with royal insignia such as a banner (*Janda*), a ceremonial drum (*Nagara*), and the privilege of maintaining a cavalry of 500 horsemen (*Sowars*). Following him, six other kings ruled this principality. After the death of Raja Sriram Bhupal—one of the heirs to the Amarachinta princely lineage the inheritance of the principality legally devolved upon his wife, Rani Bhagyalakshmamma.
Upon the death of Sawai Raja Sriram Bhupal in May 1930, his wife, Rani Bhagyalakshmamma, petitioned the Nizam's government to have the administrative authority transferred to her, thereby securing the rights to govern. Subsequently, in 1934, she applied for permission to adopt an heir; following the approval of this request, she formally adopted Som Bhupal on April 24, 1939.[4] After Rani Bhagyalakshmamma concluded her tenure as the ruler of the principality,[5]her adopted son Raja Som Bhupal, a member of the Mukkera dynasty was coronated as the King of the Amarachinta principality in 1962.[6]The principality was integrated into the Hyderabad State in 1948, while it was still under the administration of Rani Bhagyalakshmamma. Thereafter, the descendants of this lineage remained merely as titular kings.
Samasthanam Rulers Lineage
editGopalareddy (13th Century)
↓
↓ —————————————————————————————————————↓
(........................) Chinna Gopireddy
↓ (Great-grandsons)
↓————————————————————————————————————————————↓
Reddy Immadi Gopireddy (1654)
↓
Sarvareddy
(1676)
A Book by the Tirupati Poets on Samasthanam Official
editThe Tirupati poets visited this principality. However, a scholar-poet serving as the *Dharmadhikari* (religious administrator) obstructed their desire to meet the local rulers. A heated debate ensued between the two parties. The scholar-poet subsequently slandered the visitors to the rulers, thereby depriving them of the royal honor and hospitality they sought. Enraged by this turn of events, the poet-duo composed a short literary work comprising 27 verses; employing a clever play on words—interpreting the title *Adhikari* as *Adhika* + *Ari* ("Great Enemy")—they indirectly censured the official. They titled this work *Shanigraham* (The Planet Saturn). One of the verses from this composition reads as follows.....
ధరణీ నాయకుడుత్తముండవని నిన్ ధర్మాధికారమ్మునం
దు రహిన్నిల్పుట తుచ్చ బుద్ధివయి క్రిందున్ మీదునుం గాన కె
ల్లరి కార్యమ్ములు పాడుసేయుటకె? నీ లక్ష్యమ్ము మా బోటు తెం
చరు చండాల! శనిగ్రహంబ! యిక మా సామర్థ్య ముంజూడుమా!
Was it merely so that you—a man of petty mind, incapable of distinguishing right from wrong—could stand in authority and ruin the affairs of all? You wretch! You harbinger of misfortune! Know this: men of our ilk do not yield easily. Now, behold our true might!
See Also
editReferences
edit- 1 2 Hyderabad State. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. 1937. p. 296.
- ↑ తూమాటి, దొణప్ప (ఆగస్టు 1969). "ముఖ్య సంస్థానములు". ఆంధ్ర సంస్థానములు సాహిత్య పోషణ (in తెలుగు) (1 ed.). విశాఖపట్టణం: ఆంధ్రవిశ్వవిద్యాలయం. pp. 33–39.
{{cite book}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ సమగ్ర ఆంధ్ర సాహిత్యం, 12 వ సంపుటం, కడపటి రాజుల యుగం, రచన: ఆరుద్ర, ఎమెస్కో, సికింద్రాబాద్,1968, పుట-32
- ↑ "Rani Bhagya Laxmamma vs Commissioner Of Wealth-Tax, Andhra ... on 22 September, 1965". indiankanoon.org. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
- ↑ "రాజా సోంభూపాల్ కన్నుమూత". సాక్షి. 19 August 2019. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
- ↑ "సంస్థానాధీశుడు రాజా సోంభూపాల్ దొర మృతి". ఆంధ్రభూమి. 19 August 2019. Archived from the original on 21 ఆగస్టు 2024. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(help)