Caravan raids are a surprise attack or incursion by a hostile force on a caravan, a group of merchants, pilgrims, or travelers journeying together.
Examples
editThe traditional habit of Bedouin tribes of raiding other tribes, caravans, or settlements is known in Arabic as ghazzu.[1][2]
Caravan raids have been described as a characteristic risk for travelers in the 19th-century Sahara desert[3] and Kazakh Steppe.[4] Caravan raids were also a risk for Hajj caravans through various historical periods, from the Crusades to the Ottoman period.[5][6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ↑ van der Steen, Eveline (2014). "Raiding and robbing". Near Eastern Tribal Societies During the Nineteenth Century: Economy, Society and Politics Between Tent and Town. Routledge. ISBN 9781317543473. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
- ↑ Bray, Barbara; Darlow, Michael (15 June 2012). Ibn Saud: The Desert Warrior Who Created the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Skyhorse Publishing, Inc. ISBN 9781620874141.
- ↑ Boahen, A. Adu (1962). "The Caravan Trade in the Nineteenth Century". The Journal of African History. 3 (2): 349–359. ISSN 0021-8537.
- ↑ Eden, Jeff (June 2023). "Anatomy of a Caravan Raid: Peril and Possibility in the Kazakh Steppe, 1800–1860". Journal of Central Asian History. 2 (1): 1–32 – via ResearchGate.
- ↑ Mallett, Alex (2008). "A Trip down the Red Sea with Reynald of Châtillon". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 18 (2): 141–153. ISSN 1356-1863.
- ↑ Khan, Mu'Īnuddīn Aḥmad; Jones, Harford (1968). "A Diplomat's Report on Wahhabism of Arabia". Islamic Studies. 7 (1): 33–46. ISSN 0578-8072.