Bihar Legislature

The Bihar Legislature (IAST: Bihar Vidhan Mandal) is the supreme legislative body of the Indian state of Bihar. It is a bicameral legislature composed of two houses: the Bihar Legislative Council (Bihar Vidhan Parishad) and the Bihar Legislative Assembly (Bihar Vidhan Sabha).

Bihar Legislature Bihar Vidhan Mandal
Emblem of Bihar
Type
Type	Bicameral
Houses	Bihar Legislative Council (Upper house) Bihar Legislative Assembly (Lower house)
History
Founded	26 January 1950 (1950-01-26)
Leadership
Governor	Syed Ata Hasnain since 2 January 2025
Chairman of the Legislative Council	Awadhesh Narain Singh, BJP since 20 June 2024
Deputy Chairperson of the Legislative Council	Prof. Ram Bachan Rai, JD(U) since 24 July 2024
Speaker of the Legislative Assembly	Dr. Prem Kumar, BJP since 2 December 2025
Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly	Narendra Narayan Yadav, JD(U) since 3 December 2025
Leader of the House in the Legislature (Chief Minister)	Samrat Choudhary, BJP since 30 March 2026
Deputy Leader of the House in the Legislature (Deputy Chief Minister)	Vijay Kumar Chaudhary Bijendra Prasad Yadav, JD(U) since 15 April 2026
Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Council	Rabri Devi, RJD since 16 February 2024
Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly	Tejashwi Yadav, RJD since 17 November 2025
Structure
Seats	318 75 Members of Legislative Council 243 Members of Bihar Legislative Assembly
Bihar Legislative Council political groups	Government (49)   NDA (49)   BJP (26)   JD(U) (20)   LJP(RV) (1)   HAM(S) (1)   RLM (1) Official Opposition (18)   MGB (18)   RJD (14)   INC (2)   CPI (1)   CPI(ML)L (1) Others (8)   IND (6)   RLJP (1)   JSP (1)
Bihar Legislative Assembly political groups	Government (202)   NDA (202)   BJP (89)   JD(U) (85)   LJP(RV) (19)   HAM(S) (5)   RLM (4) Official Opposition (35)   I.N.D.I.A (35)   RJD (25)   INC (6)   CPI(ML)L (2)   IIP (1)   CPI(M) (1) Others (6)   AIMIM (5)   BSP (1)
Elections
Bihar Legislative Council voting system	Single transferable vote
Bihar Legislative Assembly voting system	First-past-the-post
Last Bihar Legislative Council election	2026 Bihar Legislative Council elections
Last Bihar Legislative Assembly election	2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election
Next Bihar Legislative Assembly election	November 2030
Meeting place
Bihar State Assembly, Patna, Bihar, India
Website
Bihar Legislative Council Bihar Legislative Assembly

The Governor of Bihar, as the constitutional head of the legislature, has the authority to summon and prorogue either house of the legislature and to dissolve the Legislative Assembly. These powers are exercised on the advice of the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers.

Those elected or nominated to either house of the legislature are collectively referred to as members of the legislature. Members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly are known as Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs), while members of the Bihar Legislative Council are known as Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs).

Members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly are directly elected by the people of Bihar from single-member constituencies through the first-past-the-post system. Members of the Bihar Legislative Council are elected indirectly by elected representatives, teachers, graduates and local authorities through the system of proportional representation.

The Bihar Legislature has a sanctioned strength of 243 members in the Legislative Assembly and 75 members in the Legislative Council, including 12 members nominated by the governor from the fields of literature, art, science and social service. The legislature meets at the Bihar State Assembly complex in Patna.