The Amazon climbing salamander (Bolitoglossa palmata), also known as the Amazon mushroomtongue salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is a medium-sized salamander for its genus, with a snout–vent length length of 35.6–53.3 mm (1.40–2.10 in). It has light brown uppersides and sides and dark brown underside. It is found in Ecuador from the Peruvian border north to Colombia as far as Caquetá. It is classified as being of least concern by the IUCN due to its large range and population.
| Amazon climbing salamander | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Plethodontidae |
| Genus: | Bolitoglossa |
| Species: | B. palmata |
| Binomial name | |
| Bolitoglossa palmata (Werner, 1897) | |
| Synonyms | |
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Taxonomy
editBolitoglossa palmata was formally described in 1897 as Spelerpes palmatus based on a specimen collected from the Ecuadorian Cordillera.[2][3] It was moved to the genus Bolitoglossa in 1962.[3] The species has the English common names webbed mushroom tongue salamander, Amazon mushroomtongue salamander, and Guacamayo mushroomtongue salamander. In Spanish, it is known as the Salamandra Apulmonada con Membranas.[4]
Description
editBolitoglossa palmata is a medium-sized salamander for its genus, with a snout–vent length length of 35.6–53.3 mm (1.40–2.10 in). It has light brown uppersides and sides and dark brown underside.[5]
Distribution and habitat
editBolitoglossa palmata is found in the Amazon-facing slopes of Ecuador from the Peruvian border north to Colombia as far as Caquetá.[4][6] It was long thought to be endemic to Ecuador, but was first reported from Colombia in 2012.[6] It is found in montane forest at elevations of 1,250–2,241 m (4,101–7,352 ft).[4][1]
Conservation
editBolitoglossa palmata is classified as being of least concern by the IUCN due to its large range and population, which is thought to be stable. It is threatened by habitat loss due to agriculture, logging, and mining. It is found in several national parks, including national parks of Sumaco Napo-Galeras, Llanganates, and Sangay.[1]
References
edit- 1 2 3 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Bolitoglossa palmata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T59191A85861483. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T59191A85861483.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- 1 2 Werner, Franz (1897). "Über einige noch unbeschriebene Reptilien und Batrachier". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 20: 261–267.
- 1 2 Brame, Arden H.; Wake, David B. (1962). "A New Plethodontid Salamander (Genus Bolitoglossa) from Venezuela with Redescription of the Ecuadorian B. palmata (Werner)". Copeia. 1962 (1): 170–177. doi:10.2307/1439493. ISSN 0045-8511.
- 1 2 3 4 Frost, Darrel R. (2026). "Bolitoglossa palmata (Werner, 1897)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
- ↑ Brame, Arden H.; Wake, David B. (1963-10-11). "The salamanders of South America". Contributions in science. 69: 1–72. doi:10.5962/p.241017. ISSN 0459-8113.
- 1 2 Acosta-Galvis, Andrés R.; Gutiérrez-Lamus, Doris L. (2012). "A new species of salamander (Bolitoglossa: Plethodontidae) from the Cordillera Oriental of the Colombian Andes". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo). 52 (18): 201–218. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492012001800001. ISSN 0031-1049.