Abell 2009 BCG (short for Abell 2009 Brightest Cluster Galaxy) is a massive elliptical galaxy residing as the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the galaxy cluster, Abell 2009.[2] The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.151[1] and it was first discovered by astronomers in July 1999, who observed emission lines in its optical spectrum.[3]
| Abell 2009 BCG | |
|---|---|
 SDSS image of Abell 2009 BCG | |
| Observation data (J2000.0 epoch) | |
| Constellation | Boötes |
| Right ascension | 15h 00m 19.52s[1] |
| Declination | +21° 22′ 09.87″[1] |
| Redshift | 0.151928[1] |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 45,547 ± 22 km/s[1] |
| Distance | 2,213.6 ± 155.0 Mly (678.70 ± 47.51 Mpc)[1] |
| Group or cluster | Abell 2009 |
| magnitude (J) | 13.89[1] |
| magnitude (H) | 12.74[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | BrCIG[1] |
| Size | ~591,000 ly (181.3 kpc) (estimated)[1] |
| Other designations | |
| 2MASX J15001950+2122108, Abell 2009:[CAC2009] BCM, LEDA 140447, OGC 0698, MaxBCG J225.08133+21.36941 BCG, RX J1500.3+2122:[BEV98] 010[1] | |
Description
editAbell 2009 BCG is the dominant galaxy of Abell 2009.[3] The central nucleus of the BCG is found to be active and it has been classified as a Fanaroff-Riley Class Type I radio galaxy based on radio imaging made with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 1.5 GHz frequencies. It has a resolved radio core and a pair of butterfly-shaped radio lobes 17 kiloparsecs in length. Both of the lobes are orientated from the northwest direction towards the southeast direction.[2]
The total radio flux density of the BCG is estimated to be 23 ± 1.0 mJy with radio power being calculated as 1.45 ± 0.06 × 1024 W Hz-1.[2] The radio core flux density at 10 GHz frequencies is 3.3 ± 1.4 mJy, with the steep index spectrum being 1.81 ± 0.05.[4] The emission is associated with another radio galaxy in the cluster, located 50 arcseconds away from the BCG.[2]
The BCG has an elliptical appearance according to Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data.[5] The supermassive black hole lying in the center of the BCG is estimated to be 9.74 ± 0.08 Mʘ based on a calculation of the fundamental plane relation with the total stellar mass of 12.17 ± 0.04 Mʘ.[6] The infrared luminosity of the BCG has been calculated as less than 1.0 × 1044 erg s-1, making it somehow less luminous compared to others.[7] A study published in 2024, has found the BCG is offset from the X-ray center by about 7 kiloparsecs.[8]
References
edit- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "NED Search results for Abell 2009 BCG (LEDA 140447)". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2026-05-13.
- 1 2 3 4 Fornasiero, I.; Ubertosi, F.; Gitti, M. (March 2025). "Investigating AGN feedback in Hα-luminous galaxy clusters: First Chandra X-ray analysis of Abell 2009". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 695: A265. arXiv:2503.07781. Bibcode:2025A&A...695A.265F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202453315. ISSN 0004-6361.
- 1 2 Crawford, C. S.; Allen, S. W.; Ebeling, H.; Edge, A. C.; Fabian, A. C. (1999-07-11). "The ROSAT Brightest Cluster Sample -- III. Optical spectra of the central cluster galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 306 (4): 857–896. arXiv:astro-ph/9903057. Bibcode:1999MNRAS.306..857C. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02583.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ↑ Hogan, M. T.; Edge, A. C.; Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.; Grainge, K. J. B.; Hamer, S. L.; Mahony, E. K.; Russell, H. R.; Fabian, A. C.; McNamara, B. R.; Wilman, R. J. (2015-10-21). "A Comprehensive Study of the Radio Properties of Brightest Cluster Galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 453 (2): 1201–1222. arXiv:1507.03019. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1517. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ↑ Smith, Graham P.; Khosroshahi, Habib G.; Dariush, A.; Sanderson, A. J. R.; Ponman, T. J.; Stott, J. P.; Haines, C. P.; Egami, E.; Stark, D. P. (2010-10-06). "LoCuSS: connecting the dominance and shape of brightest cluster galaxies with the assembly history of massive clusters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 409 (1): 169–183. arXiv:1007.2196. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.409..169S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17311.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
- ↑ Phipps, Frederika; Bogdán, Ákos; Lovisari, Lorenzo; Kovács, Orsolya E.; Volonteri, Marta; Dubois, Yohan (2019-04-20). "Expanding the Sample: The Relationship between the Black Hole Mass of BCGs and the Total Mass of Galaxy Clusters". The Astrophysical Journal. 875 (2): 141. arXiv:1903.09965. Bibcode:2019ApJ...875..141P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab107c. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ O’Dea, Christopher P.; Baum, Stefi A.; Privon, George; Noel-Storr, Jacob; Quillen, Alice C.; Zufelt, Nicholas; Park, Jaehong; Edge, Alastair; Russell, Helen; Fabian, Andrew C.; Donahue, Megan; Sarazin, Craig L.; McNamara, Brian; Bregman, Joel N.; Egami, Eiichi (May 2008). "An Infrared Survey of Brightest Cluster Galaxies. I.". The Astrophysical Journal. 681 (2): 1035–1045. arXiv:0711.1118. doi:10.1086/588212. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ↑ Cross, D.; Thoron, G.; Jeltema, T. E.; Swart, A. (February 2024). "Examining the self-interaction of dark matter through central cluster galaxy offsets". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529: 52–58. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae442.
External links
edit- Abell 2009 BCG on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images