2002–03 FC Barcelona season

During the 2002–03 season, Barcelona competed in La Liga, the Copa del Rey, and the UEFA Champions League. The club's top scorer was Patrick Kluivert, with 21 goals.

Barcelona

2002–03 season
President	Joan Gaspart (until 12 February 2003) Enric Reyna (until 6 May 2003) Managing Commission (until 15 June) Joan Laporta
Head Coach	Louis van Gaal (until 27 January 2003) Antonio de la Cruz (until 2 February 2003) Radomir Antić
Stadium	Camp Nou
La Liga	6th
Copa del Rey	First round
UEFA Champions League	Quarter-finals
Top goalscorer	League: Patrick Kluivert (16) All: Patrick Kluivert (21)
Home colours Away colours Third colours

Season summary

The 2002–03 season was the final year of president Joan Gaspart's reign. It was also his least successful at Barcelona, with the club changing manager three times during the course of the season, disrupting the league campaign. The club eventually finished in sixth place in La Liga, which was Barça's worst position in 15 years. In the Copa del Rey, the side failed to get past the round of 32. In Europe, however, they fared slightly better, reaching the quarter-finals of the UEFA Champions League and setting a competition record for the most consecutive wins, with 11. Overall, the team's form was poor all season, which spurred wholesale changes in management, the board and squad of players.

Squad

Squad at end of season

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No.	Pos.	Nation	Player
1	GK	ARG	Roberto Bonano
2	DF	NED	Michael Reiziger
3	DF	NED	Frank de Boer
4	DF	SWE	Patrik Andersson
5	DF	ESP	Carles Puyol
6	MF	ESP	Xavi
7	FW	ARG	Javier Saviola
8	MF	NED	Phillip Cocu
9	FW	NED	Patrick Kluivert
10	MF	ARG	Juan Román Riquelme
11	MF	NED	Marc Overmars
12	DF	FRA	Philippe Christanval
14	MF	ESP	Gerard
15	MF	BRA	Fábio Rochemback
17	MF	ESP	Gaizka Mendieta

No.	Pos.	Nation	Player
18	MF	ESP	Gabri
19	FW	ESP	Dani García
20	DF	ARG	Juan Pablo Sorín
21	MF	ESP	Luis Enrique (captain)
25	GK	GER	Robert Enke
26	GK	ESP	Víctor Valdés
31	MF	BRA	Thiago Motta
33	DF	ESP	Dani Tortolero
32	DF	ESP	Oleguer
34	MF	ESP	Andrés Iniesta
35	DF	ESP	Fernando Navarro
36	MF	ESP	David Sánchez
38	MF	ESP	Nano
39	FW	ESP	Sergio García
40	DF	ESP	Óscar López

Transfers

In

No.	Pos.	Nat.	Name	Age	EU	Moving from	Type	Transfer window	Ends	Transfer fee	Source
25	GK		Enke	24	EU	Benfica	Transfer Y	Summer	2004	Free
10	MF		Riquelme	24	Non-EU	Boca Juniors	Transfer Y	Summer	2006	€10M
20	DF		Sorín	26	EU	Cruzeiro	Loan →	Winter	2003	Loan
17	MF		Mendieta	29	EU	Lazio	Loan →	Summer	2003	€1,5M

Total spending: €15,500,000

Out

No.	Pos.	Nat.	Name	Age	EU	Moving to	Type	Transfer window	Transfer fee	Source
37	MF		Arteta	21	EU	Rangers	Transfer Y	Summer	€7,9M
25	GK		Dutruel	30	EU	Alavés	Transfer Y	Summer	€2,9M
13	GK		Reina	20	EU	Villarreal	Transfer Y	Summer	€0,75M
10	FW		Rivaldo	31	EU	Milan	Transfer Y	Summer	Free
5	DF		Abelardo	33	EU	Alavés	Transfer Y	Summer	Free
12	DF		Sergi	31	EU	Atlético Madrid	Transfer Y	Summer	Free
36	MF		Luis García	25	EU	Atlético Madrid	Transfer Y	Summer	€3,6M
22	FW		Geovanni	23	EU	Benfica	Loan →	Winter	Loan
20	FW		Alfonso	30	EU	Betis	Loan →	Summer	Loan

Total income: €15,150,000

Last updated: 3 October

Competitions

Pre-season and friendlies

28-07-2002 Friendly. Grenoble 1–0 Barcelona

30-07-2002 Friendly. Servette 1–4 Barcelona

02-08-2002 Amsterdam Tournament. Barcelona 4–2 Parma

04-08-2002 Amsterdam Tournament. Ajax 4–3 Barcelona

07-08-2002 Friendly. Newcastle United 0–3 Barcelona

23-08-2002 Joan Gamper Trophy. Barcelona 1–0 Red Star Belgrade

29-01-2003 Friendly. Benfica 0–1 Barcelona

04-02-2003 Friendly. Cádiz 1–2 Barcelona

05-03-2003 Friendly. Llorca 1–4 Barcelona

02-04-2003 Friendly. Barcelona 5–0 Al-Ittihad

08-05-2003 Copa Catalunya (semi-final). Terrassa 1–1 Barcelona Penalties (4–2)

La Liga

Main article: 2002–03 La Liga

League table

Pos	Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts	Qualification or relegation
4	Celta Vigo	38	17	10	11	45	36	+9	61	Qualification for the Champions League third qualifying round
5	Valencia	38	17	9	12	56	35	+21	60	Qualification for the UEFA Cup first round
6	Barcelona	38	15	11	12	63	47	+16	56
7	Athletic Bilbao	38	15	10	13	63	61	+2	55
8	Real Betis	38	14	12	12	56	53	+3	54

Source: LFP
Rules for classification: 1st points; 2nd head-to-head points; 3rd head-to-head goal difference; 4th head-to-head away goals scored; 5th goal difference; 6th number of goals scored; 7th Fair-play points

Results by round

Round	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38
Ground	H	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	H	A	H	H	A	H	A	H	A	H
Result	D	W	W	L	D	L	W	D	W	L	D	L	L	L	W	W	D	L	L	L	D	W	W	D	D	D	W	L	L	D	W	W	D	L	W	W	W	W
Position	12	7	5	8	8	11	8	8	6	10	10	10	10	13	10	8	9	10	12	15	15	11	8	9	9	9	9	9	12	12	12	8	7	8	7	7	7	6

Source: Competitive Matches
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss;   = Leader, 2003-04 UEFA Champions League group stage;   = 2003-04 UEFA Champions League group stage;   = 2003-04 UEFA Champions League qualifying round;   = 2003-04 UEFA Cup;   = 2003-04 Segunda Division

Matches

Barcelona v Atlético Madrid

1 September 2002 1	Barcelona	2–2	Atlético Madrid	Barcelona
21:00 CEST	Luis Enrique 5', 55'	Report	Otero 45' Correa 86'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Athletic Bilbao v Barcelona

14 September 2002 2	Athletic Bilbao	0–2	Barcelona	Bilbao
21:30 CEST		Report	Luis Enrique 21' Saviola 36'	Stadium: San Mamés

Barcelona v Espanyol

21 September 2002 3	Barcelona	2–0	Espanyol	Barcelona
21:00 CEST	Kluivert 58' Luis Enrique 70'	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Real Betis v Barcelona

28 September 2002 4	Real Betis	3–0	Barcelona	Huelva
21:30 CEST	Alfonso 26' (pen.) Joaquín 66' Varela 83'	Report		Stadium: Nuevo Colombino

Barcelona v Osasuna

6 October 2002 5	Barcelona	2–2	Osasuna	Barcelona
19:00 CEST	Motta 39' Kluivert 47'	Report	Rivero 2' Gancedo 45'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Real Valladolid v Barcelona

20 October 2002 6	Real Valladolid	2–1	Barcelona	Valladolid
20:30 CEST	Aganzo 53' Pachón 86'	Report	Saviola 90'	Stadium: José Zorrilla

Barcelona v Alavés

26 October 2002 7	Barcelona	6–1	Alavés	Barcelona
21:00 CEST	Kluivert 16', 27', 80' Mendieta 35' (pen.) Luis Enrique 41' Xavi 65'	Report	Begoña 55'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Racing Santander v Barcelona

3 November 2002 8	Racing Santander	1–1	Barcelona	Santander
20:30 CET	Javi Guerrero 1'	Report	Navarro 84'	Stadium: El Sardinero

Barcelona v Villarreal

9 November 2002 9	Barcelona	1–0	Villarreal	Barcelona
21:15 CET	Riquelme 75' (pen.)	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Deportivo La Coruña v Barcelona

16 November 2002 10	Deportivo La Coruña	2–0	Barcelona	A Coruña
21:30 CET	Scaloni 82' Luque 86'	Report		Stadium: Riazor

Barcelona v Real Madrid

23 November 2002 11	Barcelona	0–0	Real Madrid	Barcelona
21:00 CET		Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Real Sociedad v Barcelona

1 December 2002 12	Real Sociedad	2–1	Barcelona	San Sebastián
19:00 CET	Kovačević 39', 53'	Report	Kluivert 33'	Stadium: Anoeta

Rayo Vallecano v Barcelona

7 December 2002 13	Rayo Vallecano	1–0	Barcelona	Madrid
20:00 CET	Azkoitia 64'	Report		Stadium: Teresa Rivero

Barcelona v Sevilla

15 December 2002 14	Barcelona	0–3	Sevilla	Barcelona
20:30 CET		Report	Casquero 4' (pen.) Toedtli 77', 89'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Mallorca v Barcelona

21 December 2002 15	Mallorca	0–4	Barcelona	Palma
21:30 CET		Report	Kluivert 25', 48', 51' Overmars 44'	Stadium: Son Moix

Barcelona v Recreativo Huelva

5 January 2003 16	Barcelona	3–0	Recreativo Huelva	Barcelona
17:00 CET	Rochemback 8' Loren 25' (o.g.) Cocu 80'	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Málaga v Barcelona

12 January 2003 17	Málaga	0–0	Barcelona	Málaga
20:30 CET		Report		Stadium: La Rosaleda

Barcelona v Valencia

18 January 2003 18	Barcelona	2–4	Valencia	Barcelona
21:30 CET	Motta 38' Kluivert 88'	Report	Aimar 13' Carew 26' Aurélio 82' Rufete 87'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Celta Vigo v Barcelona

26 January 2003 19	Celta Vigo	2–0	Barcelona	Vigo
20:30 CET	Jesuli 47' Sylvinho 72'	Report		Stadium: Balaídos

Atlético Madrid v Barcelona

1 February 2003 20	Atlético Madrid	3–0	Barcelona	Madrid
21:30 CET	Torres 40' Emerson 70' L. García 87'	Report		Stadium: Vicente Calderón

Barcelona v Athletic Bilbao

9 February 2003 21	Barcelona	2–2	Athletic Bilbao	Barcelona
20:30 CET	Saviola 5' Overmars 41'	Report	Ezquerro 48' (pen.) Yeste 55'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Espanyol v Barcelona

15 February 2003 22	Espanyol	0–2	Barcelona	Barcelona
20:00 CET		Report	Cocu 40' Xavi 42'	Stadium: Olímpic Lluís Companys

Barcelona v Real Betis

22 February 2003 23	Barcelona	4–0	Real Betis	Barcelona
21:30 CET	Saviola 2', 41', 54' Cocu 6'	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Osasuna v Barcelona

2 March 2003 24	Osasuna	2–2	Barcelona	Pamplona
17:00 CET	Rosado 79' Rivero 90'	Report	Saviola 61' Luis Enrique 86'	Stadium: El Sadar

Barcelona v Real Valladolid

8 March 2003 25	Barcelona	1–1	Real Valladolid	Barcelona
21:00 CET	Gómez 28' (o.g.)	Report	Bonano 47' (o.g.)	Stadium: Camp Nou

Alavés v Barcelona

16 March 2003 26	Alavés	0–0	Barcelona	Vitoria-Gasteiz
19:00 CET		Report		Stadium: Mendizorroza

Barcelona v Racing Santander

23 March 2003 27	Barcelona	6–1	Racing Santander	Barcelona
19:00 CET	Kluivert 1', 29' Riquelme 8' Overmars 81', 83' Mendieta 89' (pen.)	Report	Javi Guerrero 47'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Villarreal v Barcelona

5 April 2003 28	Villarreal	2–0	Barcelona	Vilarreal
20:45 CEST	López 56' (pen.) Calleja 90' (pen.)	Report		Stadium: El Madrigal

Barcelona v Deportivo La Coruña

12 April 2003 29	Barcelona	2–4	Deportivo La Coruña	Barcelona
21:30 CEST	Saviola 2' Motta 24'	Report	Scaloni 16' Makaay 50', 64' Sergio 75'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Real Madrid v Barcelona

19 April 2003 30	Real Madrid	1–1	Barcelona	Madrid
21:30 CEST	Ronaldo 15'	Report	Luis Enrique 31'	Stadium: Santiago Bernabéu

Barcelona v Real Sociedad

27 April 2003 31	Barcelona	2–1	Real Sociedad	Barcelona
20:30 CEST	Saviola 13' Kluivert 24'	Report	Kahveci 80'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Barcelona v Rayo Vallecano

4 May 2003 32	Barcelona	3–0	Rayo Vallecano	Barcelona
19:30 CEST	Luis Enrique 70' Overmars 77' Saviola 89'	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Sevilla v Barcelona

11 May 2003 33	Sevilla	0–0	Barcelona	Seville
21:00 CEST		Report		Stadium: Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán

Barcelona v Mallorca

18 May 2003 34	Barcelona	1–2	Mallorca	Barcelona
21:00 CEST	Kluivert 72'	Report	Novo 22' Carlitos 86'	Stadium: Camp Nou

Recreativo Huelva v Barcelona

25 May 2003 35	Recreativo Huelva	1–3	Barcelona	Huelva
19:00 CEST	Joãozinho 88'	Report	Saviola 41' Kluivert 53' Riquelme 85'	Stadium: Nuevo Colombino

Barcelona v Málaga

1 June 2003 36	Barcelona	2–1	Málaga	Barcelona
19:30 CEST	Saviola 24' Mendieta 67' (pen.)	Report	Dely Valdés 59' (pen.)	Stadium: Camp Nou

Valencia v Barcelona

15 June 2003 37	Valencia	1–3	Barcelona	Valencia
21:00 CEST	Sánchez 87' (pen.)	Report	Mendieta 43' (pen.) Kluivert 70' (pen.) Overmars 79'	Stadium: Mestalla

Barcelona v Celta Vigo

22 June 2003 38	Barcelona	2–0	Celta Vigo	Barcelona
21:00 CEST	Sorín 6' Saviola 50'	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou

Copa del Rey

Main article: 2002–03 Copa del Rey

Round of 64

Novelda CF v Barcelona

11 September 2002	Novelda CF	3–2	Barcelona	Novelda
00:00 CEST	Madrigal 59', 65', 79'	Report	Geovanni 7' Riquelme 68' (pen.)	Stadium: Estadio La Magdalena

UEFA Champions League

Main article: 2002–03 UEFA Champions League

Third qualifying round

Main article: 2002–03 UEFA Champions League qualifying rounds

Barcelona v Legia Warsaw

14 August 2002	Barcelona	3–0	Legia Warsaw	Barcelona
21:30	De Boer 8' Riquelme 80' Cocu 90+3'	Report		Stadium: Camp Nou Referee: Michal Benes

Legia Warsaw v Barcelona

28 August 2002	Legia Warsaw	0–1	Barcelona	Warsaw
19:00		Report	Mendieta 68' (pen.)	Stadium: Polish Army Stadium Referee: Alfredo Trentalange

First group stage

Main article: 2002–03 UEFA Champions League group stage

Group H

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts		BAR	LKM	BRU	GAL
Barcelona	6	6	0	0	13	4	+9	18			1–0	3–2	3–1
Lokomotiv Moscow	6	2	1	3	5	7	−2	7		1–3		2–0	0–2
Club Brugge	6	1	2	3	5	7	−2	5		0–1	0–0		3–1
Galatasaray	6	1	1	4	5	10	−5	4		0–2	1–2	0–0

Source:

Barcelona v Club Brugge

18 September 2002	Barcelona	3–2	Club Brugge	Camp Nou, Barcelona
20:45	Luis Enrique 5' Mendieta 40' Saviola 44'	Report	Simons 22' (pen.) Englebert 85'	Referee: Helmut Fleischer (Germany)

Galatasaray v Barcelona

24 September 2002	Galatasaray	0–2	Barcelona	Ali Sami Yen Stadium, Istanbul
20:45		Report	Kluivert 27' Luis Enrique 59'	Referee: Domenico Messina (Italy)

Lokomotiv Moscow v Barcelona

1 October 2002	Lokomotiv Moscow	1–3	Barcelona	Lokomotiv Stadium, Moscow
18:00	Obiorah 56'	Report	Kluivert 29' Saviola 32', 49'	Referee: Thomas McCurry (Scotland)

Barcelona v Lokomotiv Moscow

23 October 2002	Barcelona	1–0	Lokomotiv Moscow	Camp Nou, Barcelona
20:45	De Boer 76'	Report		Referee: Alain Hamer (Luxembourg)

Club Brugge v Barcelona

29 October 2002	Club Brugge	0–1	Barcelona	Jan Breydel Stadium, Bruges
20:45		Report	Riquelme 64'	Referee: Graham Poll (England)

Barcelona v Galatasaray

13 November 2002	Barcelona	3–1	Galatasaray	Camp Nou, Barcelona
19:15	Dani 10' Gerard 44' Geovanni 56'	Report	Haspolatlı 20'	Referee: Dick van Egmond (Netherlands)

Second group stage

Main article: 2002–03 UEFA Champions League second group stage

Group A

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts		BAR	INT	NEW	LEV
Barcelona	6	5	1	0	12	2	+10	16			3–0	3–1	2–0
Inter Milan	6	3	2	1	11	8	+3	11		0–0		2–2	3–2
Newcastle United	6	2	1	3	10	13	−3	7		0–2	1–4		3–1
Bayer Leverkusen	6	0	0	6	5	15	−10	0		1–2	0–2	1–3

Source:

Bayer Leverkusen v Barcelona

27 November 2002	Bayer Leverkusen	1–2	Barcelona	BayArena, Leverkusen
20:45	Berbatov 39'	Report	Saviola 48' Overmars 88'	Attendance: 20,000 Referee: Kyros Vassaras (Greece)

Barcelona v Newcastle United

11 December 2002	Barcelona	3–1	Newcastle United	Camp Nou, Barcelona
20:45	Dani 7' Kluivert 35' Motta 58'	Report	Ameobi 24'	Attendance: 45,100 Referee: Frank De Bleeckere (Belgium)

Barcelona v Inter Milan

18 February 2003	Barcelona	3–0	Inter Milan	Camp Nou, Barcelona
20:45	Saviola 7' Cocu 29' Kluivert 67'	Report		Attendance: 80,000 Referee: Anders Frisk (Sweden)

Inter Milan v Barcelona

26 February 2003	Inter Milan	0–0	Barcelona	Stadio Giuseppe Meazza, Milan
20:45		Report		Attendance: 71,740 Referee: Urs Meier (Switzerland)

Barcelona v Bayer Leverkusen

11 March 2003	Barcelona	2–0	Bayer Leverkusen	Camp Nou, Barcelona
20:45	Saviola 17' De Boer 49'	Report		Attendance: 62,228 Referee: Stéphane Bré (France)

Newcastle United v Barcelona

19 March 2003	Newcastle United	0–2	Barcelona	St James' Park, Newcastle
20:45		Report	Kluivert 60' Motta 75'	Attendance: 51,884 Referee: Jan Wegereef (Netherlands)

Quarter-finals

Main article: 2002–03 UEFA Champions League knockout stage

Juventus v Barcelona

9 April 2003	Juventus	1–1	Barcelona	Stadio delle Alpi, Turin
20:45	Montero 16'	Report	Saviola 78'	Attendance: 48,783 Referee: Ľuboš Micheľ (Slovakia)

Barcelona v Juventus

22 April 2003	Barcelona	1–2 (a.e.t.)	Juventus	Camp Nou, Barcelona
20:45	Xavi 66'	Report	Nedvěd 53' Zalayeta 114'	Attendance: 98,000 Referee: Graham Poll (England)

Statistics

Players statistics

No.	Pos	Nat	Player	Total		La Liga		Copa del Rey		Champions League
				Apps	Goals	Apps	Goals	Apps	Goals	Apps	Goals
1	GK	ARG	Bonano	32	-35	24	-30	0	0	8	-5
18	DF	ESP	Gabri	37	0	22+5	0	1	0	8+1	0
3	DF	NED	de Boer	50	3	35	0	1	0	14	3
5	DF	ESP	Puyol	46	0	32	0	0	0	14	0
20	DF	ARG	Sorin	15	1	14+1	1	0	0
17	MF	ESP	Mendieta	49	6	29+4	4	0+1	0	10+5	2
8	MF	NED	Cocu	42	5	32	3	0	0	10	2
6	MF	ESP	Xavi	44	3	29	2	1	0	14	1
11	MF	NED	Overmars	32	7	20+6	6	0	0	5+1	1
9	FW	NED	Kluivert	51	21	36	16	0	0	14+1	5
7	FW	ARG	Saviola	51	20	29+7	13	0+1	0	12+2	7
26	GK	ESP	Valdes	20	-18	14	-15	0	0	6	-3
31	MF	BRA	Motta	35	5	18+3	3	1	0	12+1	2
2	DF	NED	Reiziger	31	0	17+4	0	1	0	9	0
10	MF	ARG	Riquelme	42	6	14+16	3	1	1	6+5	2
21	MF	ESP	Luis Enrique	26	10	14+4	8	0	0	6+2	2
35	DF	ESP	Navarro	23	1	13	1	1	0	9	0
15	MF	BRA	Rochemback	30	1	7+14	1	1	0	4+4	0
14	MF	ESP	Gerard	29	1	5+16	0	1	0	2+5	1
34	MF	ESP	Iniesta	9	0	5+1	0	0	0	1+2	0
12	DF	FRA	Christanval	8	0	4+1	0	0	0	1+2	0
19	FW	ESP	Dani García	12	2	3+5	0	0	0	3+1	2
4	DF	SWE	Andersson	7	0	2+1	0	0	0	3+1	0
40	DF	ESP	López	2	0	2	0
32	DF	ESP	Oleguer	5	0	1+2	0	0	0	0+2	0
22	MF	BRA	Geovanni	11	2	0+5	0	1	1	2+3	1
25	GK	GER	Enke	4	-6	0+1	-2	1	-3	2	-1
33	DF	ESP	Tortolero	2	0	0	0	0	0	1+1	0
36	MF	ESP	Sánchez	1	0	0	0	0	0	0+1	0
38	MF	ESP	Nano	3	0	0+3	0
39	FW	ESP	García	2	0	0	0	0	0	0+2	0

• Source: https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/t/t2002-0336.html?tab=partits

See also

• FC Barcelona
• 2002–03 UEFA Champions League
• 2002–03 La Liga

External links

• "FC Barcelona official website". Archived from the original on 2010-08-23. Retrieved 2009-10-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
• FCBarcelonaweb.co.uk English Speaking FC Barcelona Supporters
• ESPNsoccernet: Barcelona Team Page Archived 2012-05-07 at the Wayback Machine
• FC Barcelona (Spain) profile
• uefa.com - UEFA Champions League Archived 2006-09-02 at the Wayback Machine
• Web Oficial de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional
• "FIFA.com". Archived from the original on 2011-12-25. Retrieved 2009-10-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
• "Federació Catalana de Futbol". Archived from the original on 2009-12-23. Retrieved 2009-10-01.