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Albion football, 1890–1899

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The Albion football teams (later known as the Albion Britons) represented Albion College in American football during the program's second decade of college football from 1890 to 1899. The team competed as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1890s. Highlights include the following:

  • In 1891, Albion defeated the Michigan Wolverines by a 10–4 score. Albion had played seven prior games with the Wolverines, each prior game ending in a loss by a combined score of 287 to 22.
  • In 1891, Albion also compiled a perfect 4–0 record and won the MIAA championship.
  • In 1894, Albion played two games with Notre Dame. The first game ended in a scoreless tie. In the second game, played on November 29, 1894, Albion won.
  • The 1894 team compiled a 5–1–1 record (3–0 in MIAA games) and won the MIAA championship.

1890

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1890 Albion football
MIAA champion
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record4–0 (3–0 MIAA)
Head coach
  • Captains
Seasons
← 1889
1891 →

The 1890 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1890 college football season. The team compiled a perfect 4–0 record (3–0 in MIAA games).

Schedule

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DateOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
October 11Michigan
L 10–56350[1][2]
October 25MichiganAlbion, MIL 0–16[3][4]
November 8vs. Michigan Athletic AssociationDetroit, MIW 68–0[5]
November 15OlivetOlivet, MIL 32–12[6]

[7]

1891

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1891 Albion football
MIAA champion
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record4–0 (3–0 MIAA)
Head coach
  • Captains
Seasons
← 1890
1892 →

The 1891 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1891 college football season. The team compiled a perfect 4–0 record (3–0 in MIAA games).

Schedule

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DateOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
October 17Michigan*
W 10–4[8][9]
OlivetW 11–0
October 31vs. Olivet
W 24–63,000–5,000[10]
November 7HillsdaleW 34–4[11][12]
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

Game summaries

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Michigan

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Albion at Michigan
Team 1 2Total
• Albion 10 0 10
Michigan 0 4 4

On October 17, 1891, Albion defeated the Michigan Wolverines for the first time by a 10–4 score. The game was played at the Ann Arbor Fairgrounds in 30-minute halves.[9] Albion had played Michigan seven times from 1886 to 1890 and had lost all seven of the previous matches by a combined score of 287 to 22.

Albion scored first, using a formation that Michigan argued was illegal. The Albion linemen, excepting the ends, locked arms and formed a wedge of protection for the quarterback who ran behind the wedge. The ends, halfbacks, and fullback locked in behind the quarterback, protecting the ball carrier from all sides. Because Albion's line was heavier, Michigan's line had difficulty in stopping Albion's advance. Michigan argued that the use of interlocking arms violated new rules prohibiting the use of arms to interfere with or obstruct an opponent who was not carrying the ball. Michigan also argued that the quarterback run was illegal as a violation of a rule prohibiting the first man to receive the ball when snapped from advancing the ball.[9][13] Burnham (quarterback and captain) and Anderson (left halfback) scored touchdowns for Albion in the first half, and Burnham kicked a goal from touchdown. Hayes scored a touchdown for Michigan in the second half.[14]

The Albion team arrived at its local train station at midnight following the game. They were met at the depot by a large crowd, including almost every male student at the college, armed with kazoos, razoos, bells, drums, and fish-horns. The team was taken by carriage to a bonfire on College Hill, where Burnham provided a first-hand account of the game.[15]

1892

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1892 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record3–1 (1–0 MIAA)
Head coach
  • Captains
Seasons
← 1891
1893 →

The 1892 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1892 college football season. The team compiled a 3–1 record (1–0 in MIAA games).

Schedule

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DateTimeOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
October 8at HillsdaleHillsdale, MIW 38–6[16]
October 153:00 p.m.at Detroit Athletic Club*
W 18–10[17][18]
October 29Michigan Military Academy*Albion, MIW 40–0[19]
November 5at Michigan*
L 8–60600[20]
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

Game summaries

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Michigan

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Albion at Michigan
Team 1 2Total
Albion 4 4 8
• Michigan 30 30 60

On November 5, 1892, Albion lost to the Michigan Wolverines by a score of 60–8. The game was played in halves of 45 minutes in front of 600 spectators at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Michigan scored 10 touchdowns and converted on all 10 kicks for goal from touchdown.[21] The Detroit Free Press reported: "The university team played a sprinting game, nearly every touchdown being made after long runs and skillful dodging."[20] George Jewett, Michigan's first African-American player, was credited with playing a "great game", having kicked nine consecutive goals after touchdown. Dygert kicked the 10th goal. The score was evenly divided between the two halves, with Michigan scoring 30 points and Albion four points in each half.[20]

The game was marked by rough play. Michigan's left guard Jefferis received a "vicious kick" in the back, the sound of which could be heard in the grandstand. Jefferis left the game and was replaced by Hall. Michigan's right end Hayes accused Albion's fullback Mulholland of putting fingers in his mouth and trying "to tear him."[21] An Albion player also accused Michigan's left tackle Bray of slugging him in the face.[21]

1893

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1893 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record1–4 (1–2 MIAA)
Head coach
  • Atwood (1st season)
Seasons
← 1892
1894 →

The 1893 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1893 college football season.

Schedule

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DateTimeOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
October 16HillsdaleAlbion, MIL 0–18[22]
October 28at Detroit Athletic Club*Detroit, MIL 8–201,000[23][24]
November 4at OlivetOlivet, MIW 42–16[25]
November 11at Notre Dame*
L 6–8[26]
November 183:30 p.m.at HillsdaleHillsdale, MIL 0–18[27][28]
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

1894

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1894 Albion football
MIAA champion
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record5–1–1 (3–0 MIAA)
Head coach
CaptainWilbur Cogshell[29]
Seasons
← 1893
1895 →
1894 Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association football standings
Conf.Overall
TeamW L TW L T
Albion $3–0–05–1–1
Hillsdale1–2–03–3–0
Olivet1–2–01–3–0
Michigan State Normal0–1–05–2–0
  • $ – Conference champion

The 1894 Albion football team represented Albion College in the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1894 college football season. Under first-year head coach Walter B. Gage, Albion won the MIAA championship, with victories over Hillsdale and Olivet and a victory over Notre Dame in their Thanksgiving Day game.

Schedule

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DateOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
October 13at Michigan*
L 10–26[30]
October 15–19Battle Creek High School*W 72–0[31]
October 20at Notre Dame*
T 6–6[32]
October 27at Michigan Military Academy*Jackson, MIW 18–0600–1,000[33][34]
October 29Hillsdale
W 18–0[35]
November 5OlivetAlbion, MIW 18–0[36]
November 19?[37]at HillsdaleHillsdale, MIW 36–10
November 29at Notre Dame*
  • Brownson Hall field
  • Notre Dame, IN
W 19–12 (or 22–12)200+[38][39]
  • *Non-conference game

[7] The contest against Battle Creek High School was considered a practice game, and so is not reflected on the final record.[40]

Second team schedule

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Albion's second team was organized in early October. They were managed by W. F. Kendrick and captained by Frank Mulholland.[41]

DateOpponentSiteResultSource
NovemberMichigan Agricultural CollegeEast Lansing, MIW
November 11Michigan reservesAlbion, MIW 6–0[42]

1895

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1895 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record2–2 (0–1 MIAA)
Seasons
← 1894
1896 →

The 1895 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1895 college football season. In its second and final season under head coach Walter B. Gage, the team compiled a 2–2 record (0–1 in conference) and outscored opponents by a total of 42 to 40.

Schedule

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DateTimeOpponentSiteResultSource
October 192:00 p.m.Lansing Athletic Club*
W 26–0[43][44]
October 26at Lansing Athletic Club*
W 2–0[45][46]
November 23:30 p.m.at Detroit Athletic Club*
L 12–18[47][48]
November 16at OlivetOlivet, MIL 2–22[49]
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

1896

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1896 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record4–4 (2–1 MIAA)
Head coach
CaptainHarrow (right end)
Seasons
← 1895
1897 →

The 1896 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association] (MIAA) during the 1896 college football season. Led by former F. J. Shipp in his first and only season as head coach, Albion compiled a of 4–4 record (2–1 in conference games) and was outscored by a total of 124 to 42. Shipp had starred as a halfback for Albion during the previous five seasons.[50]

Schedule

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DateTimeOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
OctoberDetroit Athletic Club*W 17–6
OctoberJackson High School*W 24–0
October 174:00 p.m.at Detroit Athletic Club*Detroit, MIL 0–22[51][52]
October 24HillsdaleAlbion, MIW 20–0[53]
October 31at Notre Dame*
L 0–24[54]
November 7Michigan State NormalYpsilanti, MIL 0–52[55]
November 14KalamazooAlbion, MIW 6–4[56][57]
November 26Detroit Athletic Club*Detroit, MIL 0–161,000[58]
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

1897

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1897 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record3–4–1 (2–4–1 MIAA)
Head coach
Seasons
← 1896
1898 →

The 1897 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1897 college football season. In their first and only year under head coach William A. Niles, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record (2–4–1 in MIAA games).

Schedule

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DateOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
Jackson High SchoolW 10–7
October 9at OlivetOlivet, MIL 16–28[59]
October 23at HillsdaleHillsdale, MIT 0–0[60]
October 16at Kalamazoo
L 0–58200[61][62]
HillsdaleW 5–2
October 30Michigan State NormalAlbion, MIL 6–18[63]
November 13KalamazooAlbion, MIL 10–26[64][65]
OlivetW 36–0

[7]

1898

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1898 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record1–5 (0–4 MIAA)
Head coach
Captains
  • H. O. Widrig[66]
  • Carl Jacobs (fullback)[67]
Seasons
← 1897
1899 →
1898 Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association football standings
Conf.Overall
TeamW L TW L T
Kalamazoo $5–0–07–0–0
Hillsdale2–0–04–1–0
Michigan Agricultural4–1–04–3–0
Michigan State Normal0–3–01–5–2
Olivet0–3–00–5–0
Albion0–4–01–6–0
  • $ – Conference champion

The 1898 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1898 college football season. In its first year under head coach Carl Jacobs, the team compiled a 1–5 record (0–4 in MIAA games).[68]

Schedule

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DateOpponentSiteResultSource
October 22Michigan AgriculturalEast Lansing, MIL 6–62[69]
HillsdaleL 2–34
November 5KalamazooAlbion, MIL 0–11[70]
November 12KalamazooKalamazoo, MIL 0–25[71]
November 19Notre Dame*Albion, MIL 0–60[72]
Jackson Athletic Club*W 15–0
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

Reserves schedule

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DateOpponentSiteResultSource
October 22Jackson High SchoolJackson, MIL 0–18[73]

1899

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1899 Albion football
ConferenceMichigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
Record2–6 (1–5 MIAA)
Head coach
Seasons
← 1898
1900 →

The 1899 Albion football team represented Albion College as a member of the Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MIAA) during the 1899 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Chester Brewer, Albion compiled a 2–6 record (1–5 in conference games) and was outscored by a total of 99 to 76.

Schedule

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DateTimeOpponentSiteResultAttendanceSource
September 30Marshall High School*Albion, MIW 34–6[74]
October 7at Michigan
L 0–26
October 14at OlivetOlivet, MIL 11–23[75]
November 11OlivetAlbion, MIW 10–0[76]
November 18KalamazooAlbion, MIL 0–11[77]
November 24at Hillsdale
L 5–11[78]
November 302:30 p.m.at Kalamazoo
L 11–164,000–5,000[79][80]
HillsdaleL 5–6
  • *Non-conference game

[7]

References

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  1. ↑ "Saturday's Game: U. of M. 56, Albion 10". U. of M. Daily. October 13, 1890. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ↑ "U. of M. vs. Albion: A Brisk Game at the Fair Grounds This Afternoon". U. of M. Daily. October 11, 1890. p. 1 – via Bentley Historical Library.
  3. ↑ "Foot Ball: U. of M. vs. Albion". Detroit Free Press. October 26, 1890. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ↑ "At Albion: The Boys Have a Hard Fight – U. of M., 16; Albion, 0". U. of M. Daily. October 27, 1890. p. 1 – via Bentley Historical Library.
  5. ↑ "Albion vs. M.A.A." The Detroit Free Press. November 9, 1890. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ↑ "Albion vs. Olivet". The Detroit Free Press. November 16, 1890. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Year-by-Year Scores". Albion College Athletics. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  8. ↑ "Albion, 10; University, 4". Detroit Free Press. October 18, 1891. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. 1 2 3 "Albion, 10; Michigan, 4: Albion Employs Questionable Tactics with its "Beefy" Line". The U. of M. Daily. October 19, 1891. p. 1 – via Bentley Historical Library.
  10. ↑ "The Kickers: A Great Game of Foot Ball at Battle Creek". Kalamazoo Gazette. November 6, 1891. p. 8 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ↑ "Albion College—Three Foot Ball Teams—The Pleiad to Become A Weekly—Society and Musical". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 9, 1891. p. 6. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  12. ↑ "Hillsdale College". The Daily Inter Ocean. Chicago, Illinois. November 21, 1891. p. 12. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  13. ↑ "Albion, 10; University, 4". Detroit Free Press. October 18, 1891. p. 19 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ↑ "Not Won According To New Rules". Chicago Tribune. October 18, 1891. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ↑ "A Protest From Albion -- How the Team Was Received Upon Its Return". Detroit Free Press. October 19, 1891. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ↑ "Foot Ball.—Albion Rattled Hillsdale". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 9, 1892. p. 6. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  17. ↑ "Foot Ball.—Albion College vs. D. A. C." Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 30, 1892. p. 6. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  18. ↑ "Foot Ball.—Albion Defeated the D. A. C." Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 16, 1892. p. 7. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  19. ↑ "Foot Ball.—Albion Beat the M. A. A. 40 to 0". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 15, 1892. p. 8. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  20. 1 2 3 "The U. of M. Evened Up with Albion". Detroit Free Press. November 6, 1892. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. 1 2 3 "An Easy Victory: Michigan Defeats Albion Saturday by a Score of 60 to 8". The U. of M. Daily. November 7, 1892. p. 1 – via Bentley Historical Library.
  22. ↑ "Hillsdale Wins from Albion". The Inter Ocean. October 17, 1893. p. 8. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  23. ↑ "D. A. C Defeated Albion, 20 to 8". Detroit Free Press. October 29, 1893. p. 6. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  24. ↑ "Won With the Old Wedge Out". The Inter Ocean. October 29, 1893. p. 9. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  25. ↑ "Albion Surprised Olivet". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 5, 1893. p. 6. Retrieved March 21, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  26. ↑ "Notre Dame, 8; Albion, 6". The Indianapolis Journal. November 12, 1893. p. 2. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  27. ↑ "Hillsdale shuts Albion out". Chicago Tribune. November 19, 1893. p. 4. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  28. ↑ "Hillsdale Shut Out Albion". Detroit Free Press. November 19, 1893. p. 4. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  29. ↑ "Albion College Doings". Detroit Free Press. October 21, 1894. p. 16. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  30. ↑ "Albion College Doings". Detroit Free Press. October 21, 1894. p. 16. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  31. ↑ "Albion College Doings". Detroit Free Press. October 21, 1894. p. 16. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  32. ↑ "Albion college News". Detroit Free Press. October 28, 1894. p. 3. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  33. ↑ "Albion Too much for Orchard Lakes". Detroit Free Press. October 28, 1894. p. 6. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  34. ↑ "Albion college News". Detroit Free Press. October 28, 1894. p. 3. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  35. ↑ "Albion, 18; Hillsdale, 0". Detroit Free Press. October 30, 1894. p. 2. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  36. ↑ "Olivet Failed to Score at Albion". Detroit Free Press. November 6, 1894. p. 2. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  37. ↑ "1894 Albion football schedule". Detroit Free Press. October 7, 1894. p. 3. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  38. ↑ "Albion college News". Detroit Free Press. October 28, 1894. p. 3. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  39. ↑ "Albion football season over". Detroit Free Press. December 2, 1894. p. 7. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  40. ↑ "Albion College Doings". Detroit Free Press. October 21, 1894. p. 16. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  41. ↑ "Albion College Doings". Detroit Free Press. October 21, 1894. p. 16. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  42. ↑ "Albion Beat the U. of M. Reserves". Detroit Free Press. November 11, 1894. p. 6. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  43. ↑ "Lost Their First One.—Lansing Foot Ball Team Showed Lack of Practice At Albion". The State Republican. Lansing, Michigan. October 21, 1895. p. 1. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  44. ↑ "Weak On End Runs.—That Is Why Lansing Football Players Lost to Albion". The Lansing Journal. Lansing, Michigan. October 25, 1895. p. 7. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  45. ↑ "Local News .—Incidents and Accidents in and About the Capital City". The State Republican. Lansing, Michigan. October 26, 1895. p. 4. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  46. ↑ "Albion Won Again". The State Republican. Lansing, Michigan. October 28, 1895. p. 1. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  47. ↑ "Football.—The Game at the D. A. C. To-day". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 2, 1895. p. 2. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  48. ↑ "D. A. C. Won From Albion". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 3, 1895. p. 2. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  49. ↑ "Albion Defeated by Olivet". The Detroit Free Press. November 17, 1895. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  50. ↑ "General Sporting Notes". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 3, 1896. p. 6. Retrieved March 22, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  51. ↑ "Clipped From Detroit Free Press". Detroit Free Press. October 18, 1896. p. 6. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  52. ↑ "Football". Detroit Free Press. October 17, 1896. p. 6. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  53. ↑ "Albion Beat Hillsdale 20 to 0". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 25, 1896. p. 6. Retrieved March 21, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  54. ↑ "Notre Dame Shuts Out Albion". Chicago Tribune. November 1, 1896. p. 10. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  55. ↑ "Normals Took Albion In". Detroit Free Press. November 8, 1896. p. 7. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  56. ↑ "College Football at Albion". Kalamazoo Gazette. Kalamazoo, Michigan. November 14, 1896. p. 1. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  57. ↑ "Albion Won From Kalamazoo". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 15, 1896. p. 7. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  58. ↑ "Deltas Were Winners". Detroit Free Press. November 27, 1896. p. 6. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  59. ↑ "Olivet, 28; Albion, 16". The Detroit Free Press. October 10, 1897. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  60. ↑ "Minor State Matters". The Unionville Crescent. Unionville, Michigan. October 29, 1897. p. 9. Retrieved March 21, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  61. ↑ "One-Sided Game—Kalamazoo College Wins From Albion, 59[sic] To 0". Kalamazoo Gazette. Kalamazoo, Michigan. October 17, 1897. p. 5. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  62. ↑ "Football—Albion Was Very Easy For Kalamazoo". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 17, 1897. p. 7. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  63. ↑ "Albion Not Heavy Enough for Ypsilanti". The Detroit Free Press. October 31, 1897. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  64. ↑ "Foot Ball Day—Kalamazoo College Again Defeats Albion". Kalamazoo Gazette. Kalamazoo, Michigan. November 14, 1897. p. 1. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  65. ↑ "Kazoo's Proud Record Broken". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 14, 1897. p. 6. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  66. ↑ "Albion". Detroit Free Press. October 2, 1898. p. 8. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  67. ↑ "Albion". Detroit Free Press. November 6, 1898. p. 25. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  68. ↑ "Albion Schedule". Detroit Free Press. October 9, 1898. p. 7. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  69. ↑ "M. A. C Too Much for Albion". Detroit Free Press. October 23, 1898. p. 6. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  70. ↑ "Kalamazoo Downed Albion". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 6, 1898. p. 6. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  71. ↑ "Played In The Snow". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 13, 1898. p. 6. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  72. ↑ "Notre Dame, 60; Albion, 0". The Inter Ocean. November 20, 1898. p. 10. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  73. ↑ "Albion Reserves Not in it". Detroit Free Press. October 23, 1898. p. 6. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  74. ↑ "Albion Started Out Right". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 1, 1899. p. 2. Retrieved March 21, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  75. ↑ "Olivet Finally Won From Albion". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. October 15, 1899. p. 8. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  76. ↑ "All Enthusiastic at Albion". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. November 12, 1899. p. 7. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  77. ↑ "Kalamazoo Won In A Great Game". The Kalamazoo Morning Gazette. Kalamazoo, Michigan. November 19, 1899. p. 7. Retrieved March 20, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  78. ↑ "Hillsdale Defeated Albion". The Detroit Free Press. November 25, 1899. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  79. ↑ "Some Hot Games On The Gridiron—College Campus Will Witness Fierce Struggle Today—Kalamazoo Versus Albion". The Kalamazoo Morning Gazette. Kalamazoo, Michigan. November 30, 1899. p. 2. Retrieved March 21, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
  80. ↑ "Their Defeat A Bitter One—Albion Lost To Kalamazoo in Yesterday's Contest". The Kalamazoo Morning Gazette. Kalamazoo, Michigan. December 1, 1899. p. 6. Retrieved March 21, 2025 – via Newspapers.com Open access icon.
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