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Flag of Paraguay

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The flag of Paraguay (Spanish: bandera de Paraguay; Guarani: Paraguái poyvi) was first adopted in 1842.[1] Its design, a red–white–blue triband, was inspired by the colours of the French Tricolour, believed to signify independence and liberty. The flag is unusual because it differs on its obverse and reverse sides: the obverse of the flag shows the national seal, and the reverse shows the seal of the treasury. It is the only national flag worldwide that has a unique design on each side.[2] The flag consists of the same three horizontal colours as the flag of the Netherlands,[3] which in turn was the inspiration for the French flag.[4] It was revised in 2013 to bring the flag towards its original design. It has a ratio of 11:20.

Republic of Paraguay
UseNational flag and ensign Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag≈Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion11:20
Adopted1842 (last modified July 15, 2013; 13 years ago (2013-07-15))
DesignA horizontal triband of red, white & blue, defaced on the obverse with the seal of Paraguay.
UseReverse flag Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag
Proportion11:20
DesignA horizontal triband of red, white and blue, defaced on the reverse with the reversed seal of Paraguay.
Three Paraguayan flags hoisted in a shopping mall in AsunciĂłn.

Prior to the current design, the country used two other designs: a similar one with no seal where the white stripe was slightly larger than the other two (1812–1826), and a different simple design featuring a blue field and a six-pointed white star in the upper-left corner (1826–1842).

Symbolism and design

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Officially adopted in 1842 (following the RecomendaciĂłn, i.e.: address, of the Junta gubernativa de AsunciĂłn),[1] each side of this tricolour flag contains a horizontal tricolor of red, white and blue with the national emblem centered on the white band.[1] The colours of the flag are believed to be inspired from the flag of France to show independence and liberty, and the seal represents the independence of Paraguay.[5]

  • The emblem on the obverse side is the national seal of Paraguay: a yellow five-pointed star surrounded by a green wreath of palm and olive leaves tied with ribbons of the colour of the stripes, and capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY ("Republic of Paraguay" in Spanish), all within two concentric circles).[1][6]
  • The emblem on the reverse side is the seal of the treasury: a yellow lion below a red Phrygian cap on the top of a pole (symbolising courage) and the words Paz y Justicia ("Peace and Justice").[1]

The differences in the obverse and reverse sides comes from the period when JosĂ© de Francia was in power (1814–1840).[7]

Colors

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The 2013 statute that defines the flag does not specify colors for the red and blue stripes,[8] merely stating, "The red colour, as well as the blue colour, shall be kept as so-called 'primary colours,' that is, without admixture with other colours."

Colors here are from SeekFlag,[9] but others specifications have been used.[8]

RedWhiteBlue
RGB[8]213-43-30255-255-2550-56-168
Hexadecimal[8]#d52b1e#FFFFFF#0038a8
CMYK[8]0, 80, 86, 160, 0, 0, 0100, 67, 0, 34

Colors of the Seal are specified in the Appendix of Decree No. 11,400 (July 15, 2013).[10]

PantoneRGBHEXCMYK
RedPMS 485 C237, 28, 36#ED1C240, 100, 100, 0
YellowPMS Yellow C255, 241, 8#FFF1080, 0, 100, 0
GreenPMS 355C0, 166, 81#00A651100, 10, 100, 0
BrownPMS 478C136, 83,33#88532140, 65, 100, 0
KhakiPMS 4505C178, 163, 54#B2A33635, 30, 100, 0
BlackPMS Black C0, 0, 0#0000000, 0, 0, 100

History

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Revolutionary flags

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The first flags used in the territory of modern Argentina were those associated with the Spanish crown. The last formally used Spanish flag was a red and yellow one, established by King Charles III in 1785 and used mainly for naval and military purposes. The first Paraguayan flag was raised on 15 May 1811, in AsunciĂłn, the day after the May Revolution. It was a solid blue flag with a white six-pointed star in the canton. The blue color symbolized Our Lady of the Assumption, from whom the capital of Paraguay is named.[11]

This flag was used for less than a month before Governor Bernardo de Velasco was removed from office on 9 June. From 6 June 1811, some officials began to introduce an informal flag in green, white, and blue, with equally proportional horizontal stripes. The First General Congress, appointed on 17 June, began using flags with blue, yellow and red stripes. The colors were chosen as a combination of the local blue with the colors of Spain, as the newly-instated Superior Governing Junta was still trying to maintain loyalty to Ferdinand VII, who was at the time a prisoner of Napoleon. Initially, the Spanish coat of arms also appears on the flag, but later descriptions do not mention it.[12]

The flag was changed again on 15 August 1812, to a red, white, and blue tricolor, with the central white stripe wider than the red and blue stripes. Created by the First Supreme Ruling Junta (which included May Revolution heroes Fulgencio Yegros, Fernando de la Mora, and Pedro Juan Caballero), this flag remained in use until 30 September, when the stripes were aligned.

Doctor Francia era

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The tricolor flag without the emblem is called the first flag of the Republic because it was in force when Paraguay was declared a republic at the Second National Congress held in 1813. In 1826, the perpetual dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia restored the May 1811 flag, but with a light blue tint. The blue flag was used alongside the tricolor. In the 1820s, a flag with vertical stripes was also used. The vertical flag is sometimes considered an expression of de Francia's sympathy for the French Revolution and the Tricolore, which was not the national flag of France at the time.[13][14]

Current flag

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On 25 November 1842[15], on the same day, formal declarations of independence were also issued[16][17], when Carlos Antonio LĂłpez and Mariano Roque Alonso were in power in the country, the Congress unified the flags as a horizontal red, white and blue tricolor. Additionally, the new national emblem is placed in the center of the flag on the obverse and the seal of the treasury on the reverse. The details of the seal were not determined at that time, but the overall design of the flag remained unchanged except for the proportions. During the dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner in the 1970s or 1980s, the design by Harold Theodor Ronnebeck began to be informally used as the basic seal design.[18][19]

On 15 July 2013, President Federico Franco presented a project for a standardized seal and thus a flag. The seal was simplified and the design was brought closer to the forms used in the 19th century:[20] the inscription “RepĂșblica del Paraguay”, which was yellow with a red background, became black with a colorless background. In addition, the blue circle surrounding the yellow star disappeared.[19]

See also

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References

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Alison Behnke (1 August 2009). Paraguay in Pictures. Twenty-First Century Books. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-57505-962-4.
  2. ↑ "Flag of Oregon | Meaning, Beaver Emblem & History | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
  3. ↑ "Details", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, archived from the original on January 12, 2021, retrieved 2023-04-24
  4. ↑ Flag, nation and symbolism in Europe and America. Thomas Hylland Eriksen, Richard Jenkins. London: Routledge. 2007. ISBN 978-0-203-93496-8. OCLC 182759362.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  5. ↑ "The Flag of Paraguay". flagdb.com. Retrieved 2024-05-15.
  6. ↑ Leslie Jermyn; Jui Lin Yong (1 September 2009). Paraguay. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 123–. ISBN 978-0-7614-4858-7.
  7. ↑ "Paraguay flag". World Flags 101. Archived from the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 https://www.fotw.info/flags/py.html
  9. ↑ https://seekflag.com/flag/paraguay-flag/
  10. ↑ https://www.fotw.info/flags/py_law.html
  11. ↑ "La bandera paraguaya". abc. Retrieved 7 March 2026.
  12. ↑ "Las Banderas del Paraguay y su Historia". Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
  13. ↑ Peña, BenjamĂ­n Vargas. "La bandera". Portal Guarani. Retrieved 7 March 2026.
  14. ↑ "Las Banderas del Paraguay y su Historia". Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
  15. ↑ "Bandera Paraguaya". www.embapar.jp. Embajada del Paraguay en Japón. El 25 de Noviembre de 1842, el Congreso Extraordinario declaró que se utilizara exclusivamente la tricolor del 15 de Agosto de 1812 y ya con el agregado de los Escudos Nacionales, el Oficial y el de Hacienda, como es actualmente. El escudo va colocado en la franja blanca a cada lado y aglutina un grupo de símbolos, de gran significación para este pueblo.
  16. ↑ Margarita DurĂĄn EstragĂł, El Congreso del 25 de noviembre de 1842, en el sitio de la SecretarĂ­a Nacional de Cultura de la RepĂșblica del Paraguay.
  17. ↑ Independencia del Paraguay, en Julio Irazusta, Vida política de Juan Manuel de Rosas, publicado en El Martillo Judicial.[dead link]
  18. ↑ "Paraguay cambió su bandera y su escudo nacional". Sur1810. 15 July 2013. Archived from the original on 23 July 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2025.
  19. 1 2 "Escudos de la bandera tendrán modificaciones". Última Hora. 16 July 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2025.
  20. ↑ "New Country Flags". Flags Australia. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
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