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The Ōharae-shiki (大祓式) is one of the Shinto purification rituals known as harae and is sometimes translated as "Great Purification".[1] It is also known as the Nakatomi no harae (中臣の祓). The Ōharae no Kotoba prayer is recited during the ritual.[citation needed]
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The ritual is performed biannually on 30 June[2] and 30 December[3] at several shrines, but also as necessary, such as after an offense is committed, at the Daijosai, or when an unmarried prince or princess departs the imperial palace to visit Ise Shrine or the Kamo Shrines.[1][4]: 7 The 30 December ritual is sometimes held on New Year's Eve.[5]
History
editThe primary theory is that the Ōharae-shiki began at the end of the seventh century. It evolved over time, especially through the fifteenth century. These changes were linked to modifications to the Ritsuryō system, a set of laws and rules, in the eighth century.[1]
The Ōharae-shiki changed again in the Edo period (1603–1868), and some previous aspects were reestablished during the Meiji period (1868–1912).[1]
Purification became more important to prepare for this ritual and Yoori became more prominent in the Meiji restoration.[4]: 362 [clarification needed]
Minazuki-barae
editThough the Ōharae-shiki conducted in June is sometimes confused with the Minazuki-barae (水無月祓)—another purification rite that takes place at that time in the imperial court—they are conducted separately.[1]
References
edit- 1 2 3 4 5 Namiki, Kazuko. "Ōharae". Kokugakuin University Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ↑ "Nagoshi no Oharae Purification Ritual". Kamo Wakeikazuchi Jinja Shrine (Kamigamo Jinja) (in Japanese). Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ↑ Meador, Spencer (4 July 2017). "Oharae". Sanpai Japan. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- 1 2 Hardacre, Helen (11 November 2016). Shinto: A History (Illustrated ed.). New York (N.Y.): Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-062171-1.
- ↑ "Shiwasu Oharae-shiki (Great Purification Ceremony in December) | Samukawa-jinja Shrine". Samukawa-jinja Shrine Official Website. Retrieved 5 June 2023.