- 216 BC - Carthaginian forces led by Hannibal destroyed a Roman army at the Battle of Cannae.
- 1870 - Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opened in London.
- 1903 - The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization and Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire carried out the Ilinden Uprising.
- 1934 - Adolf Hitler became Führer of Nazi Germany.
- 1990 - Iraq invaded Kuwait, triggering the Gulf War.