The vice presidents of Myanmar are the second highest-ranking posts in the government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.[2] The offices were established by the 2008 Myanmar constitution and rank directly below the president. The offices came into effect on 30 March 2011, when the new government assumed de jure power and essentially function in the same manner as any other deputy head of state. There are two vice-presidential posts in the government,[3] but no distinction is officially made between them. It can be assumed that the posts follow the order of seniority, much like the ones practised by the Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China.
| Vice Presidents of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar | |
|---|---|
| ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် ဒုတိယသမ္မတများ | |
 | |
| Style | His Excellency (formal) |
| Member of | Cabinet National Defence and Security Council |
| Residence | Presidential Palace |
| Seat | Naypyidaw |
| Nominator | Assembly of the Union |
| Appointer | Presidential Electoral College |
| Term length | Five years, renewable once |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of Myanmar |
| First holder | Tin Aung Myint Oo Sai Mauk Kham |
| Salary | K4 million / month[1] |
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The 2008 Constitution establishes that the President and Vice-Presidents are elected by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. The way they are elected are as follows:
- The Amyotha Hluttaw minus the military personnel nominate one person
- The Pyithu Hluttaw minus the military personnel nominate one person
- The combined bloc of military personnel from both houses nominate one person
- Then, in a full, joint session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the person with the highest number of votes is elected President.
- The two other persons become Vice-Presidents.
List of officeholders
editVice-presidents in Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
editThe position of vice president of Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma was created in 1985 by two changes in the Constitution of Burma and in the basic law of the Burma Socialist Programme Party.[4]
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | President(s) | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| Aye Ko (1921–2006) |
December 1985 | 27 July 1988 | 2 years, 9 months | Burma Socialist Programme Party | San Yu | [5][6][7] | ||
| 27 July 1988 | 12 August 1988 | Sein Lwin | ||||||
| 19 August 1988 | 18 September 1988 | Maung Maung | ||||||
First vice-presidents after 2011
edit| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | President(s) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
 |
Tin Aung Myint Oo (born 1949) |
30 March 2011 | 1 July 2012 (resigned) |
1 year, 93 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | Thein Sein | |
 |
Sai Mauk Kham (born 1949) |
1 July 2012 | 30 March 2016 | 3 years, 273 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | ||
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Myint Swe (1951–2025) |
30 March 2016 | 7 August 2025 (died in office)[8] |
9 years, 130 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | Htin Kyaw | |
| Himself | |||||||
| Win Myint | |||||||
| Himself | |||||||
.png) |
Nyo Saw (born unknown) |
10 April 2026 | Incumbent | 71 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | Min Aung Hlaing | |
Second vice-presidents after 2011
edit| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | President(s) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
|
Sai Mauk Kham (born 1949) |
30 March 2011 | 1 July 2012 | 1 year, 93 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | Thein Sein | |
 |
Nyan Tun (born 1954) |
15 August 2012 | 30 March 2016 | 3 years, 228 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | ||
.jpg) |
Henry Van Thio (born 1959) |
30 March 2016 | 28 March 2023 [a] | 8 years, 23 days | National League for Democracy | Htin Kyaw | |
| Myint Swe | |||||||
| Win Myint | |||||||
| 28 March 2023 | 22 April 2024 (resigned) |
Independent | Myint Swe | ||||
.png) |
Nan Ni Ni Aye (born 1969) |
10 April 2026 | Incumbent | 71 days | Union Solidarity and Development Party | Min Aung Hlaing | |
See also
editReferences
edit- ↑ Union Election Commission banned NLD[9]
- ↑ "NLD cuts salaries of MPS, ministers, saves nearly K6b". 25 February 2019.
- ↑ "Chapter III - The President and Vice-Presidents" (PDF). Constitution of Myanmar. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
- ↑ "Myanmar's president, a close friend of Suu Kyi, retires". AP NEWS. 21 March 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ The Far East and Australasia 1995. Europa Publications. 1994. ISBN 9781857430004.
- ↑ Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. Jan-Aug 1986. 2003. hdl:2027/mdp.39015073049077.
- ↑ Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1988July-Dec. 2003. hdl:2027/osu.32435024019804.
- ↑ Limited, Europa Publications (March 1988). The Europa year book. Europa Publications. ISBN 9780946653416.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ↑ August 2021 Speech by Min Aung Hlaing referring to the "then Acting President":
- Min Aung Hlaing (2 August 2021). "The Speech made by State Administration Council Chairman Senior General Min Aung Hlaing on the occasion of six months on 1 August 2021 since the State Administration Council has taken the State's responsibilities" (PDF). The Global New Light of Myanmar. Vol. VIII, no. 105. Online Burma/Myanmar Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021. p. 1:
The State Administration Council started to carry out all responsibilities of the State handed over by the then Acting President on 1 [sic] February 2021 by adhering to provisions of the Constitution (2008).
- "Myanmar coup: who are the military figures running the country?". The Guardian. 2 February 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
Immediately after he was named president, Myint Swe, 69, handed power to the country's top military commander, Min Aung Hlaing.
- Milko, Victoria (1 February 2021). "Why is the military taking control in the Myanmar coup?". Associated Press. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
Immediately after he was named president, Myint Swe handed power to the country's top military commander, Gen. Min Aung Hlaing.
- "Explainer: Myanmar generals are back in charge, but for how long?". Reuters. 2 February 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
President Win Myint, a Suu Kyi ally, was among dozens of people detained early on Monday. Vice-president Myint Swe, a former general and member of the previous junta, then handed over power to the commander-in-chief, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing.
- "Myanmar military announces new State Administrative Council". The Myanmar Times. 2 February 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
The Tatmadaw (military) released notification 9/2021 on February 2, announcing the formation of the State Administrative [sic] Council
- Min Aung Hlaing (2 August 2021). "The Speech made by State Administration Council Chairman Senior General Min Aung Hlaing on the occasion of six months on 1 August 2021 since the State Administration Council has taken the State's responsibilities" (PDF). The Global New Light of Myanmar. Vol. VIII, no. 105. Online Burma/Myanmar Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021. p. 1:
- ↑ Min Ye Kyaw; Rebecca Ratcliffe (28 March 2023). "Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy party dissolved". The Guardian. Bangkok, Thailand. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2023.