Wikipedia

Rogoźno

(Redirected from Rogasen)

Rogoźno ([rɔˈɡɔʑnɔ], German: Rogasen) is a town in west-central Poland, in Greater Poland Voivodeship, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Poznań.[2] Its population is 10,959 (2021). It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Rogoźno.

Rogoźno
Saint Vitus Church in Rogoźno
Saint Vitus Church in Rogoźno
Flag of Rogoźno
Flag
Coat of arms of Rogoźno
Coat of arms
Rogoźno is located in Poland
Rogoźno
Rogoźno
Coordinates: 52°44′57″N 16°59′59″E / 52.74917°N 16.99972°E / 52.74917; 16.99972
Country Poland
VoivodeshipGreater Poland
CountyOborniki
GminaRogoźno
First mentioned1192
Town rights1280
Area
 • Total
11.24 km2 (4.34 sq mi)
Elevation
63 m (207 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total
10,959
 • Density975.0/km2 (2,525/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
64-610
Vehicle registrationPOB
Websitehttp://www.rogozno.pl/

History

edit
Death of King Przemysł II in Rogoźno, 19th-century painting by Jan Matejko

Rogoźno dates back to a Lechitic (proto-Polish) stronghold from the 8th and 9th centuries. Its name is of Old Polish origin, and comes from the word rogoża, a type of plant. The oldest known mention comes from 1192. From the mid-12th century it was a seat of a castellan. In 1280 it was granted town rights[3] by Przemysł II. King Przemysł II of Poland was murdered in or near Rogoźno in 1296. According to one tradition he was kidnapped while staying at the town, but was so badly wounded in the process that he was unable to continue the journey, and was killed by his captors at Sierniki a few miles to the east. Rogoźno was a royal town of Poland, administratively located in the Poznań County in the Poznań Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.[4]

The town was annexed by Prussia in the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. After the successful Greater Poland uprising of 1806, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. The 10th Polish Infantry Regiment was formed in Rogoźno in 1806.[5] In 1815 it was reannexed by Prussia, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany. During the time of Prussian administration, the town was subjected to Germanisation policies. In 1906–1907, local Polish school children protested against Germanisation.[6] According to the 1910 census, the population of the town was 5,624, of whom 3,203 (57%) reported German as their sole mother tongue, while 2,326 (41%) reported Polish; the Jewish population was 515 (9%).[7]

In November 1918, Poland regained independence and the Greater Poland uprising (1918–19) broke out, which goal was to reintegrate the town and region with the reborn state. The town was captured by Polish insurgents on December 31, 1918,[8] and thereafter became part of the Second Polish Republic.

During the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939, which started World War II, the town was invaded by Germany and then occupied until 1945. Polish residents were subjected to arrests, massacres and expulsions. Some inhabitants of Rogoźno were among Poles massacred by the Germans in September 1939 in the nearby villages of Podlesie Kościelne and Międzylesie.[9] In late 1939, around 900 Poles were expelled from the town and its surroundings.[10] The Germans also established and operated a Nazi prison in the town.[11] Nine graduates from the local teachers' college, as well as a local doctor and a police officer were murdered by the Russians in the Katyn massacre in 1940.[12][13][14][15] The Polish resistance was active in Rogoźno. Local Polish scouts reproduced a secret Polish newspaper, originally published in nearby Oborniki.[16]

Demographics

edit
Hipolit Cegielski School Complex

Sports

edit

The local football team is Wełna Rogoźno [pl]. It competes in the lower leagues.

Notable residents

edit

References

edit
  1. 1 2 Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 104. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.
  2. ↑ "Główny Urząd Statystyczny" [Central Statistical Office] (in Polish). To search: Select "Miejscowości (SIMC)" tab, select "fragment (min. 3 znaki)" (minimum 3 characters), enter town name in the field below, click "WYSZUKAJ" (Search).
  3. ↑ Krzysztofik, Robert (2007). Lokacje miejskie na obszarze Polski. Dokumentacja geograficzno-historyczna (in Polish). Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-83-226-1616-1.
  4. ↑ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2017. p. 1a.
  5. ↑ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. p. 55.
  6. ↑ Czerwone szkoły. Przywracamy pamięć (in Polish). Gościejewo: Fundacja Nasze Podwórko. 2018. p. 17.
  7. ↑ Gemeindelexikon für die Regierungsbezirke Allenstein, Danzig, Marienwerder, Posen, Bromberg und Oppeln (in German). Berlin: Königlich Preußisches Statistisches Landesamt. 1912.
  8. ↑ "31 grudnia 1918". Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  9. ↑ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. pp. 95, 115.
  10. ↑ Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 155. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
  11. ↑ "NS-Gefängnis Rogasen". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  12. ↑ Tucholski, Jędrzej, ed. (2003). Charków. Księga Cmentarna Polskiego Cmentarza Wojennego (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Rada Ochrony Pamięci Miejsc Walk i Męczeństwa. pp. 412, 608, 644. ISBN 83-916663-5-2.
  13. ↑ Tarczyński, Marek, ed. (2000). Katyń. Księga Cmentarna Polskiego Cmentarza Wojennego (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Rada Ochrony Pamięci Miejsc Walk i Męczeństwa. pp. 17–18, 60, 372, 376, 443, 694. ISBN 83-905590-7-2.
  14. ↑ Jakubowski, Grzegorz, ed. (2006). Miednoje. Księga Cmentarna Polskiego Cmentarza Wojennego (PDF) (in Polish). Vol. 2. Warszawa: Rada Ochrony Pamięci Miejsc Walk i Męczeństwa. p. 570. ISBN 83-89474-06-9.
  15. ↑ Gurianov, Aleksandr, ed. (2019). Убиты в Калинине, захоронены в Медном. Книга памяти польских военнопленных – узников Осташковского лагеря НКВД, расстрелянных по решению Политбюро ЦК ВКП(б) от 5 марта 1940 года (PDF) (in Russian). Vol. 2. Moscow: Общество «Мемориал». p. 74. ISBN 978-5-6041921-5-3.
  16. ↑ Encyklopedia konspiracji Wielkopolskiej 1939–1945 (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. 1998. p. 96. ISBN 83-85003-97-5.
  17. ↑ Dokumentacja Geograficzna (in Polish). Vol. 3/4. Warszawa: Instytut Geografii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 1967. p. 42.
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rogoźno&oldid=1356799118"