G:link (also known as the Gold Coast Light Rail or the Gold Coast tram) is a light rail system serving the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia. The system forms part of Translink's South East Queensland public transport network and consists of a single 20-kilometre (12 mi) line of nineteen stations. Stage 3 will extend the line by 6.7 kilometres and bring the total station count to 27. At present, G:link is the sole light rail system in Queensland.

G:link
Flexity 2 trams at Cypress Avenue in 2014
Flexity 2 trams at Cypress Avenue in 2014
Overview
OwnerTranslink
LocaleQueensland, Queensland
Transit typeLight rail
Number of lines1
Number of stations19 (27 after stage 3 completion)
Annual ridership10.74 million (2018/19)
Chief executivePhil Mumford
HeadquartersSouthport
Websiteridetheg.com.au
Operation
Began operation20 July 2014; 11 years ago (20 July 2014)
Operator(s)Keolis Australia
Number of vehicles23 Bombardier/Alstom Flexity 2 trams
Train length43.5 m (143 ft)
Headway7–30 minutes
Technical
System length20 km (12 mi) (26 km (16 mi) after Stage 3 completion)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
Electrification750 V DC overhead catenary
Average speed27 km/h (17 mph)
Top speed70 km/h (43 mph)

Helensvale railway station is the northern terminus of the system, while Broadbeach South serves as the southern terminus. It initially opened on 20 July 2014 and was subsequently extended northwest from Gold Coast University Hospital to Helensvale on 17 December 2017. The line will be extended to Burleigh Heads from mid-2026.

Background

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The Gold Coast light rail project was first proposed in the Gold Coast City Council's City Transport Strategy plan in 1996, following several years of review and consideration.[1][2] On 14 May 2002, the Howard Liberal–National federal government and the Beattie Labor state government announced contributions of A$650,000 each to fund the Gold Coast Light Rail Feasibility Study.[3][4]

In 2004, the draft summary report was released, proposing a 17-kilometre (11 mi) line that would include sixteen stations from Parkwood to Hooker Boulevard.[5] The line was proposed to be single-track between Parkwood and Griffith University; this did not eventuate in the final proposal.[5]

History

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Stage 1

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In 2009, the Queensland Government committed $464 million to the Gold Coast Rapid Transit (GCRT) project, supplementing $365 million committed by the federal government and $120 million provided by Gold Coast City Council.[6]

The project was subject to protest campaigns from some local residents and politicians. Those who attempted to stop Stage 1 included then-Gold Coast mayor Ron Clarke,[7] former mayor Lex Bell[8] (who proposed the use of native title to stop the project), and a string of short-lived protest organisations.[9][10][11] In March 2010, the "Stop Light Rail" website, operated by the Gold Coast Public Transport Alliance (GCPTA), was briefly redirected the official light rail website, which the GCPTA alleged was undertaken as a "deliberate attempt by the three levels of government to stifle freedom of speech" and "destabilise our criticism".

In June 2011, the GoldLinq consortium (composed of Bombardier Transportation, Downer EDI, Keolis, McConnell Dowell and Plenary Group) was awarded the contract to build and operate the Gold Coast light rail line for 18 years under a Public Private Partnership.[12][13][14]

In August 2012, the cost of the initial 13 km (8.1 mi) section was estimated at A$1.6 billion.[15] Construction began on the Gold Coast University Hospital station shell in July 2010.[16] In 2011, early roadworks began in Broadbeach and Southport.[17] By November 2013, much of the work was complete with the southern section at Broadbeach being the only section of trackwork to be completed.[18] Testing commenced on the northern section of the line in October 2013. A total of $170 million was allocated for property resumptions, with the Queens Park Tennis Club and Southport Croquet Club both relocated.[19]

The line opened on 20 July 2014 with a free travel day, before normal operations began the following day.[20][21][22]

Stage 2

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Gold Coast University Hospital station pictured in 2014, when it served as the light rail line's northern terminus

In February 2016, the Queensland Government announced plans to extend the light rail line from Gold Coast University Hospital to the Helensvale railway station, providing a connection with the Gold Coast railway line that connects the city with Brisbane. Financial commitments from the state and federal governments for the extension were finalised in late 2016.

The new extension included 7.3 km (4.5 mi) tracks and three new light rail stations, with Helensvale serving as the line's new northern terminus. Construction commenced in 2016, with plans to be completed in time for the Gold Coast Commonwealth Games in April 2018.[23]

Construction finished ahead of schedule, with passenger services commencing in December 2017.

Stage 3

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In November 2015, the Department of Transport and Main Roads published a map showing a future extension of the light rail line to Burleigh Heads.[24]

In 2018, the Queensland Government announced an extension of the light rail line 6.7 km (4.2 mi) south, from the existing Broadbeach South station to Burleigh Heads.

In October 2020, the John Holland Group won the contract to build the exension.[25][26]

Because of funding disputes and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the project was delayed from its initial planned opening in the first half of 2021.[27]

Construction of the Stage 3 extension formally began in July 2022.[4] Major construction, including earthworks and construction of the tracks, commenced in 2023. The project is expected to be operational by mid-2026.[28]

Proposed extensions

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Besides Stages 3, the Gold Coast City Council envisions an extensive light rail network that would potentially consist of 68 km (42 mi) of track and 4 light rail lines as outlined in the City Transport Strategy 2031.[29]

In January 2019, Gold Coast councillors voted 12–3 against building a light rail station in the Paradise Waters neighbourhood of Surfers Paradise, which had been included in the initial proposal from 2004. The Paradise Waters Action Group had opposed light rail during Stage 1 construction, with former mayor Gary Baildon suggesting that there was "a feeling that the people of Paradise Waters were punished because some of them opposed it at the time".

The Gold Coast City Council's 2031 transport plan included proposed extensions to Biggera Waters, Bundall, Nerang and a branch line from Main Beach to The Spit.[30][31] The line is expected to cost around $200 million and would be paid for by developers and would be around 2.6 km (1.6 mi) long.[32] Other proposals to Robina and Varsity Lakes were mentioned in the Gold Coast City Council's Light Rail southern Gold Coast publication.[33]

On 19 February 2019, Tweed Heads MP Geoff Provest announced $1 million of funding towards strategic planning to extend the Gold Coast light rail system from the Gold Coast Airport to over the New South Wales border into Tweed Heads.[34] In 2020, a feasibility study was proposed by the NSW state government for a light rail corridor between Gold Coast Airport and Tweed Heads.[35]

Stage 4

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The Gold Coast City Transport Strategy 2031 supports a future expansion to Coolangatta via the Gold Coast Airport.[36] The 14 km (8.7 mi) extension of the light rail line from Burleigh Heads station would continue south along the Gold Coast Highway, passing through the southern suburbs of Palm Beach and Tugun and connecting the city's international airport with the light rail. A potential light rail corridor has also been identified from the Airport to Coolangatta and will be preserved for possible future expansion.[37]

In August 2020, funding was provided to formulate a business case for the extension.[38] Since 2021, community consultation and preliminary works for stage 4 had begun.[15] Public consultation ended in May 2025.[39]

On 1 September 2025, the Crisafulli state government announced the cancellation of the stage 4 extension.[40][41] In June 2026, the GC Surfer – a bus rapid transit line running from Robina railway station to Coolangatta – was announced as a replacement for Stage 4.

Biggera Waters

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On 22 June 2026, the Crisafulli state government announced an extension of the light rail line to Biggera Waters.[42] The extension will operate as a branch line from the existing Gold Coast University Hospital station, running for approximately 4 kilometres (2 miles) along Olsen Avenue.[43] It will consist of three new stations (provisionally known as Musgrave Avenue, Labrador and Biggera Waters), which will provide direct light rail access to Fankhauser Reserve and the Harbour Town shopping centre.[44] Additional light rail vehicles will be required for the extension, with plans for a second depot to be constructed.[45] The project is expected to be completed before the start of the Brisbane Olympics in July 2032.[46]

Network and operations

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The system primarily operates in a centre-running configuration. It uses standard gauge tracks with 750 V DC overhead catenary. Third rail technology was investigated,[47] though power from overhead lines was ultimately utilised.

Route

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There are nineteen stations on the line, with an additional eight opening as part of the Stage 3 extension. The northern terminus is located at the Helensvale railway station, with the line travelling through Parkwood, Gold Coast University Hospital and Southport. The line turns south through Main Beach and Surfers Paradise before running alongside Gold Coast Highway. Under the Stage 3 extension, the line will continue down the Gold Coast Highway through Mermaid Beach, Miami, and Burleigh Heads, where the new southern terminus will be.[48][49]

Services

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Services are operated by Keolis Australia, a subsidiary of French transport company Keolis. Fares are set by Translink with all stations fitted with go card readers.[50] A 50 cent flat rate across all zones applies.[51]

Service frequencies (in minutes) from 17 December 2017:[52]

TimeWeekdaysWeekends
00:00 to 05:00 Closed 30†
05:00 to 07:00 15 15
07:00 to 19:00 7.5 10
19:00 to 23:30 15 15

No service between Helensvale station and Gold Coast University Hospital

On Monday to Friday mornings (midnight to 5 am), light rail services are replaced on most of the routes by Kinetic Group route 700.[53] These buses do not service the section between Helensvale station and Gold Coast University Hospital.[52]

Stations

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All light rail stations are street-level, with the exception of Gold Coast University Hospital, which is located underground.[54]

Station Image Suburb Opened Platform Connections Time[a]
Helensvale
Helensvale 17 December 2017 Island 0
Parkwood
Parkwood 17 December 2017 Side Parking 4
Parkwood East
Parkwood 17 December 2017 Island 7
Gold Coast University Hospital
Southport 20 July 2014 Side 11
Griffith University
Southport 20 July 2014 Side 13
Queen Street
Southport 20 July 2014 Island 16
Nerang Street
Southport 20 July 2014 Side 19
Southport
Southport 20 July 2014 Side 21
Southport South
Southport 20 July 2014 Island 23
Broadwater Parklands
Southport 20 July 2014 Island 24
Main Beach
Main Beach 20 July 2014 Island 26
Surfers Paradise North
Surfers Paradise 20 July 2014 Side 29
Cypress Avenue
Surfers Paradise 20 July 2014 Side 31
Cavill Avenue
Surfers Paradise 20 July 2014 Side 34
Surfers Paradise
Surfers Paradise 20 July 2014 Side 36
Northcliffe
Surfers Paradise 20 July 2014 Side 38
Florida Gardens
Surfers Paradise 20 July 2014 Island 40
Broadbeach North
Broadbeach 20 July 2014 Island 42
Broadbeach South
Broadbeach 20 July 2014 Side 45
Mermaid Beach
Mermaid Beach Mid-2026 Island
Mermaid Beach South
Mermaid Beach Mid-2026 Island
Nobby Beach
Mermaid Beach Mid-2026 Island
Miami North
Miami Mid-2026 Island
Miami
Miami Mid-2026 Island
Christine Avenue
Miami Mid-2026 Island
Second Avenue Burleigh
Burleigh Heads Mid-2026 Island
Burleigh Heads
Burleigh Heads Mid-2026 Island

Patronage

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Over 1.74 million passengers used the Gold Coast Light Rail in its first 100 days after opening. More than five million paid trips were made in the first nine months of operation.[56] 6.6 million passengers were carried on the line in its first year, and total public transport users on the Gold Coast - across buses and trams - increased by 25 per cent.[57][58] In February 2016 the Queensland Government announced the ten million passenger milestone had been reached and noted that Cavill Avenue was the busiest station with 4,729 boardings a day.[59][60]

G:link annual patronage
YearPatronage±%
2014–156.28 million[61]
2015–167.68 million[62]+22.29%
2016–177.97 million[63]+3.78%
2017–189.49 million[64]+19.07%
2018–1910.74 million[65]+13.17%
2019–208.46 million[66]−21.23%
2020–216.12 million[67]−27.66%
2021–226.34 million[68]+3.59%
2022–2310.39 million[69]+63.88%
2023–2411.21 million[70]+7.89%
2024–2513.83 million[71]+23.37%

Rolling stock

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A Bombardier Flexity 2
Interior

The Gold Coast Rapid Transit fleet consists of twenty-three Bombardier Flexity 2 trams, which were built in Germany.[72] The trams feature low floors and have dedicated spaces for wheelchairs, prams and surfboards.[73] They have a top speed of 70 km/h (43 mph) and room for 309 passengers, including seating for 80.[74]

Fourteen trams were ordered to serve the original section of the line. Four additional trams were ordered in November 2015 to service the Helensvale extension.[75] These were delivered in September and October 2017.[76] A further five trams built in Alstom's Wien Donaustadt plant in Austria were delivered from July 2023 as part of the Stage 3 extension, entering service in July 2024.[77][78]

Notes

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  1. Travel time in minutes from Helensvale, the northern terminus of the system.[55]

References

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  1. "Gold Coast Rapid Transit System". Railway Technology. 22 February 2016. Archived from the original on 23 January 2026. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
  2. "Gold Coast Light Rail Guide: G:link Travel Tips". Remitly. 29 September 2025. Archived from the original on 14 June 2026. Retrieved 14 June 2026.
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