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List of most-produced aircraft

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This is a list of the most-produced crewed aircraft types whose numbers exceed or exceeded 5,000. Any and all types of aircraft qualify, including airplanes, airships, balloons, gliders (sailplanes), helicopters, etc.

Most-produced aircraft

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Notes

  • Unless noted, aircraft are piston-engined monoplanes.
  • Role is generally either the original designed role of the aircraft or the role that dominated production, disregarding minor variants. Aircraft may be categorized as "Multirole" if no particular role was dominant.
  • Production period column shows overall production date span of all types included in "Numbers produced" column, disregarding production hiatuses and changes in manufacturer, while including close variants and licensed production.
  • a  pale-green background   indicates aircraft still in production.
Name Civil / Military Type / role Number
produced		 Country
of origin		 Production period Notes
Propulsion Type / Engine Start End
Cessna 172CUtility / trainer Tractor-propellor 44,000+[1]  United States 1956present Also built in France by Reims Aviation.
Ilyushin Il-2MGround-attack 36,183 Soviet Union19411945 Most-produced military aircraft.
Messerschmitt Bf 109MFighter 34,852 Germany19361958 Most-produced fighter and single-seat aircraft. Also built in Hungary, Romania, Spain, Czechoslovakia and Switzerland.
Piper PA-28 seriesCUtility / trainer 32,778+ United States1960present Sold as Cherokee, Cherokee Warrior, Cherokee Pathfinder, Warrior, Archer, Dakota, Cadet, and Pilot.
Cessna 150 / 152CUtility / trainer 31,471[2] United States19581986 Most-produced two-seat civil aircraft. Also built in France (both models) and Argentina (150 only). 23,887 150s, 7,584 152s.[3]
Cessna 182CUtility 23,237+ United States1956present Also built in France.
Supermarine Spitfire/SeafireMFighter 22,685 United Kingdom19381948 20,351 of total were land-based Spitfires. The first Seafires were Spitfires modified with tailhooks.
Piper J-3 CubCUtility / trainer 20,191[4] United States 19381947 Most-produced fabric-covered monoplane. Includes military variants such as L-4, O-59, TG-8 and NE. 150 built in Canada.
Focke-Wulf Fw 190MFighter 20,051 Germany19391945 64 produced in post-WWII France as the "NC 900".
Polikarpov Po-2MBiplane, multirole 20,000[5] to
30,000[6]		  Soviet Union 19281952[6] Most-produced biplane. Used for training, reconnaissance, liaison, and ground-attack. Also built in Poland.
Beechcraft BonanzaCUtility 18,542 (at end of 2023)[7][8][9] United States1947present Longest continuous production run of any airplane in history.[10][11][12] Includes Debonair variant; excludes dissimilar Twin Bonanza.[13]
Consolidated B-24 LiberatorMHeavy bomber 18,482[14] United States19401945 Most-produced heavy bomber and multi-engine aircraft. Includes 962 built by Douglas,[15] 6,792 by Ford Motor Company and 966 by North American. Does not include related PB4Y-2 Privateer.[14]
Antonov An-2 / An-3CBiplane, utility / agricultural 18,000+ Soviet Union19472009 Most-produced transport; longest production run of any transport aircraft. Also built in China and Poland.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15MJet fighter Turbo jet 18,000+ Soviet Union19471950s Most-produced jet. Also 3,454 built in Czechoslovakia; 727 in Poland; and an unknown number in China.
Mil Mi-8/Mi-17MHelicopter, utility 17,000+ Soviet Union1961present Most-produced helicopter.
Yakovlev Yak-9MFighter 16,769[16] Soviet Union19421948
Douglas DC-3C/MAirliner / transport 16,079 United States19351952 Designed pre-war as civilian transport. 607 built as civil airliners; 15,472 built as military transports, including the Soviet Lisunov Li-2 and Japanese Nakajima L2D; after World War II, most were converted into civil airliners or freighters.
Bell UH-1 IroquoisMHelicopter, utility 16,000+ United States19591987
Republic P-47 ThunderboltMFighter 15,660[17] United States 19421945
North American P-51 MustangMFighter 15,586 United States19401951 Excluding North American F-82 Twin Mustang and other derivatives.
North American T-6 TexanMTrainer 15,495 United States19371950s Also known as SNJ and Harvard. Also built in Canada.
Junkers Ju 88MMultirole 15,183

[18][page needed]

  Germany 19391945 Luftwaffe multirole bomber, heavy fighter and reconnaissance aircraft.
Hawker HurricaneMFighter 14,487 United Kingdom19371944 Including production in Canada and a few built in Belgium and Yugoslavia.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21MJet fighter Turbo Jet 13,996 Soviet Union19591985 Most-produced supersonic aircraft. Also built in China, Czechoslovakia and India.
Waco CG-4MGlider, military 13,903+ United States19421945 Most-produced glider. Many licensed manufacturers.
Curtiss P-40 WarhawkMFighter 13,738[19] United States19391944
Chotia Weedhopper C Ultralight 13,000+  United States 1977 2012 Most-produced ultralight.
Boeing B-17 Flying FortressMHeavy bomber 12,731 United States19371945 3,000 built by Douglas,[15] also produced by Lockheed Vega.
Airbus A320 familyCJet airliner Turbo-Fan 12,670+[20][21] European multinational 1988 present Most-produced jet-powered civilian aircraft. Consists of the A318, A319, A320 and A321, as well as the A320neo family. Designed and built in France, Germany, Spain and the UK, with additional assembly in China and the U.S.
Boeing 737CJet airliner 12,572+[22]  United States 1967present Includes the original, Classic, NG, and MAX models, as well as military variants such as the C-40 and P-8.[citation needed]
Vought F4U CorsairMFighter 12,571 United States19411952 Most-produced carrier aircraft. Many built as Goodyear FG or Brewster F3A.[23] Longest production run of any U.S. piston-engined fighter.
Grumman F6F HellcatMFighter 12,275 United States19421945
Vultee BT-13 ValiantMTrainer 11,537 United States19391947
Vickers WellingtonMMedium bomber 11,462[24]  United Kingdom19361945
Petlyakov Pe-2MDive bomber 11,427 Soviet Union19391945Most-produced dive bomber of any type – a twin-engined design.
Avro 504MBiplane, bomber / trainer 11,303[25] United Kingdom19131940[26] Most-produced World War I aircraft design. Includes Japanese and Soviet production.
Avro AnsonMMultirole 11,020[27] United Kingdom19351952 Also built in Canada.[27]
Mooney M20CUtility 11,000+ United States19552019
Mitsubishi A6M ZeroMFighter 10,939 Japan19401945
Piper PacerCUtility / trainer 10,610[28][29] United States19501964 Includes PA-20 Pacer and PA-22 Tri-Pacer and Colt.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17MJet fighter 10,367 Soviet Union19511986 Also built in Poland and China; many built as the Shenyang J-5 / JJ-5.
Polikarpov I-16MFighter 10,292[30]
[verification needed]		  Soviet Union19341943Also manufactured in Spain and China.
Piper PA-18 Super CubCUtility / trainer 10,222[31] United States19491983 Includes military variants such as L-18 and L-21.
Lockheed P-38 LightningMFighter 10,037 United States19411945 Two-engined twin-boom design.
Aeronca ChampionCUtility / trainer 10,000+ United States19462019[32] Includes military L-16. Several changes in manufacturer.
DFS SG 38 SchulgleiterMGlider, trainer 10,000~[33]  Germany19381944
North American B-25 MitchellMMedium bomber 9,984 United States19391945
Lavochkin La-5MFighter 9,920 Soviet Union19421944
North American F-86 Sabre / FJ FuryMJet fighter 9,860 United States19471956 Also built in Australia and Canada.
Grumman TBF AvengerMTorpedo bomber 9,836[34][35] United States19411945 Includes 7,546 built as TBM Avenger by General Motors.[35]
Bell P-39 AiracobraMFighter 9,584 United States19381944
Cessna 210CUtility 9,240 United States19571986
Beechcraft Model 18CUtility/ Multi-engine trainer 9,000+ United States19371970 Includes military variants such as C-45, AT-7, and SNB.
Cirrus SR22CUtility / trainer 8,785+[36][37] United States2001presentMost-produced aircraft made of composite material; most-produced aircraft with production period starting in the 21st century. Developed from Cirrus SR20.
Airspeed OxfordMTrainer 8,751[5] United Kingdom19371945 Several manufacturers.
Yakovlev Yak-1MFighter 8,734[38] Soviet Union19401944
Boeing-Stearman Model 75MBiplane, trainer 8,584[39] United States19341942
Cessna 206CUtility 8,509+[citation needed]  United States 1962present Includes models 205 and 207.
SPAD S.XIIIMBiplane, fighter 8,472 France19171918 Most-produced World War I fighter aircraft design.
La Mouette AtlasCHang glider 8,000+ France1979present Most-produced hang glider.
Grumman F4F WildcatMFighter 7,885[40] United States19371943 Includes about 5,600 built as FM Wildcat by General Motors.[41]
Piper PA-32CUtility 7,842+ United States19652007 Enlarged PA-28 sold as Cherokee Six and Saratoga.
Breguet 14MBiplane, reconnaissance, medium bomber 7,800 France19161928 2,300 built after WWI.
de Havilland MosquitoMMultirole 7,781 United Kingdom19401950 Also built in Australia and Canada.
Fairchild PT-19 M Trainer 7,700+[42][better source needed] United States 19381948 Includes variants PT-23 and PT-26. Also built in Canada and Brazil.
Cessna 120 and 140CUtility / trainer 7,664[43][44] United States19461950 Developed into Cessna 150.
Republic F-84 ThunderjetMJet fighter-bomber 7,524 United States19461953 Excludes swept-wing F-84F / RF-84F derivatives.
Douglas DB-7 (A-20 Havoc)MMultirole 7,478[45] United States19381944 Includes 380 built by Boeing.[46]
Avro LancasterMHeavy bomber 7,377 United Kingdom19421945 Includes 430 built under licence in Canada.
Bell 206 JetRangerCHelicopter, utility / trainer 7,340+  United States 19662017 Also made in Canada and Italy.
Heinkel He 111MMedium bomber 7,300 Germany19351944Also built in Spain as the CASA C.2111.
Yakovlev UT-2MTrainer 7,243 Soviet Union19361944
Curtiss SB2C HelldiverMDive bomber 7,140 United States19401945 900 built as A-25; 1,194 built in Canada.[47] Most-produced single-engine dive bomber.
de Havilland Tiger MothCBiplane, trainer 7,105 United Kingdom19311944 Also built in Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Beechcraft BaronCUtility / Multi-engine trainer 7,004+ (at end of 2023)[7][48][49] United States1961present Includes 55, 56, 58, and T-42A; excludes related Travel Air.[7][50][48][49]
Eurocopter AS350 C Utility helicopter 7,000+[51]  France 1975 present
Polikarpov R-5MBiplane, Reconnaissance / bomber 7,000 Soviet Union19281937
Piper PA-23CUtility / Multi-engine trainer 6,976[52] United States19521981 Sold as Apache and Aztec.
Robinson R44CHelicopter, utility / trainer 6,866+[36][37] United States1993presentMost-produced reciprocating engine helicopter. Developed from Robinson R22.
Curtiss JN-4MBiplane, trainer 6,813 United States19151927
Polikarpov I-15MBiplane, fighter 6,750[53]  Soviet Union19331940 Also built in Spain.
Tupolev SBMBomber 6,656 Soviet Union19361941 Also built in Czechoslovakia.
Ilyushin Il-28MMedium bomber 6,635+ Soviet Union19491955 Also built in China and Czechoslovakia.
Yakovlev Yak-18MTrainer 6,630+[54] Soviet Union19461960sAlso produced in Hungary and China. Production claims vary from 6,168 including 125 Yak-18P and 25 -18PM[55] to 6,630 excluding P and PM.[54] Both exclude unrelated Yak-18T.
Lockheed T-33 Shooting StarMJet trainer 6,557 United States19481959 Also built in Canada by Canadair.
Yakovlev Yak-7MFighter / trainer 6,399[56] Soviet Union19401943
Airco DH.4MBiplane, Bomber 6,295[57] United Kingdom19161926 1,449 in the UK[58] and 4,846 (as the DH-4) in the US.[59]
Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3MFighter 6,258 Soviet Union19411942
Ilyushin Il-10MGround-attack 6,226 Soviet Union19441954 Also built in Czechoslovakia as the Avia B-33 / CB-33.
Cessna 180CUtility 6,193[60] United States19531981 Developed into Cessna 182.
Handley Page HalifaxMHeavy bomber 6,176[61] United Kingdom19401946
Messerschmitt Bf 110MHeavy / night fighter 6,150 Germany19361945 Twin-engined design. Most sources state 6,000 to 6,150 produced.
Junkers Ju 87MDive bomber 6,000 Germany19351944
Sopwith 1½ StrutterMBiplane, multirole 5,939 United Kingdom19171918 Majority built in France for French use.
Douglas SBD DauntlessMDive bomber / scout 5,938[62] United States19401944 Includes A-24 Banshee variant.[62]
Bristol BeaufighterMHeavy fighter 5,928 United Kingdom19401946 Also built in Australia.
Nakajima Ki-43MFighter 5,919[63] Japan19421945
Yokosuka K5YMBiplane, trainer 5,770[5] Japan19341945
Lavochkin La-7MFighter 5,753 Soviet Union19441946
Cessna 310CUtility / Multi-engine trainer 5,737[64] United States19541980
Antonov A-1MGlider, trainer 5,700 Soviet Union19301940s
ERCO ErcoupeCUtility / trainer 5,685 United States19401969 First civil aircraft with a nose wheel landing gear. Several changes in manufacturer.
Bell 47 C Helicopter 5,600  United States 1946 1974 Produced under license by Agusta in Italy, Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan, and Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19MJet fighter 5,500[65]  Soviet Union 19541968 World's first mass-produced supersonic aircraft. 2,500 built in Soviet Union. Also built in China (~3,000) and Czechoslovakia.
Sopwith CamelMBiplane, fighter 5,497 United Kingdom19171918
Mil Mi-2MHelicopter, utility 5,497 Soviet Union19651985 Built in Poland.
Cessna AT-17 BobcatC/MUtility / Multi-engine trainer 5,422 United States19391944Includes civil T-50 and military variants such as UC-78, JRC, and Crane.
Bristol F.2 FighterMBiplane, fighter 5,329 United Kingdom19161927
Martin B-26 MarauderMMedium bomber 5,288 United States19411945 Not to be confused with unrelated Douglas B-26.
Stinson 108CUtility / trainer 5,260[66] United States19461950
Ilyushin Il-4MMedium bomber 5,256 Soviet Union19421944
Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5MBiplane, fighter 5,205 United Kingdom19171918
McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom IIMJet fighter-bomber 5,195[67] United States19581981 Includes 127 built in Japan by Mitsubishi.[67]
Cessna 170CUtility / trainer 5,174[68] United States19481956Developed into Cessna 172.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23MJet fighter 5,047 Soviet Union19671985 Most-produced variable-sweep aircraft.
Piper PA-34 SenecaCUtility / Multi-engine trainer 5,037 United States19712019 Also built in Poland and Brazil (PZL-Mielec M-20 Mewa and EMB-810).
Yakovlev Yak-12MMultirole STOL 5,000+ Soviet Union19462010 Also built in Poland and China (Chinese-produced name is Shenyang Type 5; production figure unknown?).
Grunau Baby IIbCSailplane 5,000+[69]  Germany19321945[70]
Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk M Military helicopter 5,000+[71]  United States 1978 present S-70 family: UH-60A (1978–1989), UH-60L (1989–2007), UH-60M (2005–), SH-60 Seahawk (1979–), in Japan as Mitsubishi H-60 (1987–).

See also

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Notes

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  1. ↑ Flight International, June 20, 2017, p. 24.
  2. ↑ Simpson 1991, pp.94, 96-97
  3. ↑ Simpson 1991, pp.94, 96-97
  4. ↑ Peperell 1987, p. 30
  5. 1 2 3 Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 280.
  6. 1 2 "Soviet Polikarpov U-2 bomber, trainer; Polikarpov Po-2 bomber, trainer". wwiivehicles.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. 1 2 3 "Beechcraft and Hawker Serialization List: 1945 thru 2023" (PDF). Textron Aviation. 2024.
  8. ↑ Simpson, R.W. (1995). Airlife's General Aviation: A guide to Postwar General Aviation Manufacturers and their aircraft (2nd ed.). Airlife Publishing. pp. 75–77. ISBN 1-85310-577-5.
  9. ↑ Pelletier 1995, p. 89.
  10. ↑ Beechcraft (18 July 2015). "Beechcraft Bonanza". Beechcraft Company Facebook Page. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  11. ↑ Clark, Anders (25 June 2015) "The Beechcraft A36 Bonanza" paragraph 4. Disciples of Flight. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  12. ↑ Perdue, Scott (1 May 2007). "The Bonanza hits 60 Strong and Fast! Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine" paragraph 4. Plane and Pilot Magazine. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  13. ↑ "Beechcraft Serialization - 1945 thru 2017" (PDF). beechcraft.com. Beechcraft Aircraft. 10 September 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-16. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
  14. 1 2 Wegg 1990, p. 49.
  15. 1 2 Francillon 1988, p. 580.
  16. ↑ Gunston & Gordon 1997, p. 77.
  17. ↑ Bull 2004, p. 267.
  18. ↑ Kay, Anthony L. (2004). Junkers Aircraft & Engines: 1913 to 1945. Pavilion Books. ISBN 0851779859. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  19. ↑ Murphy & McNiece 2009, p. 83.
  20. ↑ Hepher, Tim (October 7, 2025). "Airbus A320 flies past Boeing 737 as most-delivered jet in history". Reuters.
  21. ↑ "Airbus - Orders & Deliveries". Retrieved 5 June 2026.
  22. ↑ "Boeing: Orders and Deliveries (updated monthly)". Boeing. Retrieved 10 June 2026.
  23. ↑ Swanborough & Bowers 1976, pp. 404–407.
  24. ↑ Vickers Wellington Manual, page 29. Haynes Publishing, 2012. ISBN 978-0-85733-230-1
  25. ↑ "Avro 504".
  26. ↑ "Avro 504 (Foreign Derivatives)".
  27. 1 2 Fredriksen 2001, p. 36.
  28. ↑ Peperell 1987, p. 79
  29. ↑ Peperell 1987, p. 83
  30. ↑ "Soviet Polikarpov I-16 Rata fighter". wwiivehicles.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  31. ↑ Peperell 1987, p. 71
  32. ↑ "American Champion Aircraft Corporation: Champ". americanchampionaircraft.com. American Champion Aircraft Corporation. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019. Discontinued: was a great run!
  33. ↑ National Museum of the United States Air Force. "Schneider Schulgleiter SG 38". Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  34. ↑ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 283.
  35. 1 2 Swanborough & Bowers 1976, p. 236.
  36. 1 2 General Aviation Manufacturers Association (2020). "2019 Databook" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  37. 1 2 "Quarterly Shipments and Billings – GAMA". gama.aero. Retrieved 2020-11-21..
  38. ↑ Gunston & Gordon 1997, p. 66.
  39. ↑ "Boeing Historical Snapshot: Stearman Kaydet Trainer". Boeing. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
  40. ↑ Hickman, Kennedy. "World War II: Grumman F4F Wildcat." Archived 2016-12-07 at the Wayback Machine at about.com. Retrieved 15 June 2010.
  41. ↑ Swanborough & Bowers 1976, pp. 209–210.
  42. ↑ "Warbird Alley: Fairchild PT-19 / PT-23 / PT-26 Cornell". www.warbirdalley.com. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  43. ↑ Plane and Pilot: 1978 Aircraft Directory, page 22. Werner & Werner Corp Publishing, 1978. ISBN 0-918312-00-0
  44. ↑ Christy, Joe: The Complete Guide to the Single-Engine Cessnas – 3rd Edition, pages 12–17. TAB Books, 1979. ISBN 0-8306-2268-3
  45. ↑ Francillon 1988, p. 293.
  46. ↑ Francillon 1988, pp. 275, 279, 293.
  47. ↑ Swanborough & Bowers 1976, pp. 151–152.
  48. 1 2 Baugher, Joe (February 9, 2023). "1965 USAF Serial Numbers". joebaugher.com. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
  49. 1 2 Baugher, Joe (July 18, 2023). "1966 USAF Serial Numbers". joebaugher.com. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
  50. ↑ Simpson, R.W. (1995). Airlife's General Aviation: A guide to Postwar General Aviation Manufacturers and their aircraft (2nd ed.). Airlife Publishing. p. 77. ISBN 1-85310-577-5.
  51. ↑ "Airbus delivers the 7,000th Ecureuil helicopter". Airbus. 8 July 2022. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  52. ↑ Simpson 1991, pp.243-244
  53. ↑ Polikarpov fighters at wio.ru. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  54. 1 2 Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2005, pp. 267, 269.
  55. ↑ Gunston & Gordon 1997, pp. 113–115.
  56. ↑ Gunston & Gordon 1997, p. 70.
  57. ↑ Jackson 1987, pp. 54, 58.
  58. ↑ Jackson 1987, p. 54.
  59. ↑ Jackson 1987, p. 58.
  60. ↑ Simpson 1991, pp 99-100
  61. ↑ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 284.
  62. 1 2 Francillon 1988, p. 576.
  63. ↑ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 282.
  64. ↑ Simpson 1991, pp. 106-107
  65. ↑ Karsten Palt. "Mikojan Gurewitsch / Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-19". flugzeuginfo.net. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  66. ↑ Wegg 1990, pp. 143–144.
  67. 1 2 Francillon 1990, p. 464.
  68. ↑ Simpson 1991, p. 97
  69. ↑ "Deutsches Museum – Flugwerft Schleißheim: Grunau Baby IIb (German)". Retrieved 2008-08-08.
  70. ↑ Smithsonian - Grunau Baby II B-2
  71. ↑ Ryan Finnerty (23 January 2023). "Sikorsky delivers 5,000th Black Hawk, with potential for new US orders". FlightGlobal.

References

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  • Angelucci, Enzo; Matricardi, Paolo (1977). World War II Airplanes. Vol. 2. Chicago, Illinois: Rand McNally and Company. ISBN 0-528-88171-X.
  • Bull, Stephen (2004). Encyclopedia of Military Technology and Innovation. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 1-57356-557-1. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  • Francillon, René (1988). McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920. Vol. I. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-428-4.
  • Francillon, René (1990). McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920. Vol. II. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-550-0.
  • Fredriksen, John C. (2001). International Warbirds: An Illustrated Guide to World Military Aircraft, 1914-2000. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-57607-364-5.
  • Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitry; Komissarov, Sergey (2005). OKB Yakovlev: A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft. Hinckley, UK: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-203-9.
  • Gunston, Bill; Gordon, Yefim (1997). Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-872-0.
  • Jackson, A. J. (1987). De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 (Third ed.). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-802-X.
  • Murphy, Justin D.; McNiece, Matthew A. (2009). Military Aircraft, 1919-1945. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-498-1.
  • Peperell, Roger W; Smith, Colin M (1987). Piper Aircraft and their Forerunners. Tonbridge, Kent, England: Air-Britain. ISBN 0-85130-149-5.
  • Simpson, R.W. (1991). Airlife's General Aviation. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-85310-194-X.
  • Swanborough, Gordon; Bowers, Peter M. (1976). United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 (2nd ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-968-5.
  • Wegg, John (1990). General Dynamics Aircraft and their Predecessors. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-833-X.
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