Carlo Abarth (1908–1979), Italian race car driver and tuner.Gustav Abel (1902–1963), film architect and stage designer.Othenio Abel (1875–1946), paleontologist and evolutionary biologist.Wolfgang Abel (1905–1997), anthropologist.Christoph Ignaz Abele (1627–1685), lawyer and court official.Leo Aberer (born 1978), musician.Walter Abish (1931–2022), American writer.Leopold Ackermann (1771–1831), theologian.Antonie Adamberger (1790–1867), actress, fiancé of Theodor Körner.Karl Adamek (1910–2000), footballer and coach.Alfred Adler (1870–1937), founder of individual psychology .Victor Adler (1852–1918), social democrat and activist for the rights of workers.Ilse Aichinger [ 1] David Alaba [ 2] Christopher Alexander [ 3] A Pattern Language Peter Altenberg (1859–1919), fin de siècle Wolfgang Ambros (born 1952), one of the founders of the musical movement Austropop .Bernard Amtmann (1907–1979), antiquarian bookseller, bibliographer, publisher.Ludwig Anzengruber (1839–1889), Austrian dramatist, novelist and poet.[ 4] Walter Arlen (1920–2023), composer; music critic in LA Times .Alfred Ritter von Arneth (1819–1897), Austrian historian, wrote about Maria Theresa .[ 5] Hans Asperger (1906–1980), pediatrician; discoverer of Asperger syndrome .Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858–1929), chemist .Ilse Barea-Kulcsar (1902–1973), journalist, translator, writer and communist activist.Haim Bar-Lev (1924–1994), Israeli general and government minister.Fanny Basch-Mahler (1854–1942), pianist and music teacher.Polly Batic (1906–1992), operatic mezzo-soprano.Eduard von Bauernfeld (1802–1890), Austrian dramatist.[ 6] Vicki Baum (1888–1960), novelist.Alban Berg (1885–1935), composer.Herbert Berghof (1909–1990), late actor.Turhan Bey (1922–2012), actor.Hedy Bienenfeld (1907–1976), Austrian-American Olympic swimmer.Theodore Bikel (1924–2015), actor and singer.Karl Bitter (1867–1915), American architectural sculptor of memorials and residential works.[ 7] John Paul Blass (1937–2023), physician, biochemist and neurochemist.Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906), physicist.Arik Brauer (1929–2021), painter, poet and singer.Eugene Braunwald (born 1929), cardiologist.Jenny Broch (1864–?), sopranoArnolt Bronnen (1895–1959), Austrian playwright and director.Vanessa Brown (born Smylla Brind, 1928–1999), actress.Martin Buber (1878–1965), philosopher.Ignaz Franz Castelli (1781–1862), Austrian dramatist.[ 8] Dorrit Cohn (1924–2012), professor of comparative literature.Heinrich Joseph von Collin (1771–1811), Austrian dramatist.[ 9] Carl Czerny (1791–1857), Austrian composer, teacher and pianist.[ 10] Tadeusz Czeżowski (1889–1981), philosopher and logician.
Eva Duldig Georg Danzer (1946–2007), songwriter.Elfi von Dassanowsky (1924–2007), film producer, pianist and singer.Marlene Engelhorn (born 1992), activist.Leopold Joseph von Daun (1705–1766), Austrian field marshal, later Prince of Thiano .[ 11] Helmut Deutsch (born 1945), pianist.Oskar Deutsch (born 1963), entrepreneur and President of the Jewish Community of Vienna.Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (1739–1799), Austrian composer, violinist and silvologist .[ 12] Carl Djerassi (1923–2015), chemist, novelist, and playwright; developer of the oral contraceptive pill .Heimito von Doderer (1896–1966), writer.Georgia Doll (born 1980), theatre director, playwright and poet.Ludwig Donath (1900–1967), actor.Peter Drucker (1909–2005), economist.Eva Duldig (born 1938), Austrian-born Australian and Dutch tennis player, author.Klaus Ebner (born 1964), writer.Albert Ehrenstein (1886–1950), writer.Fanny Elssler (1810–1884), ballerina of the Romantic Period .[ 13] Carl Esmond (1902–2004), actor.Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826–1897), botanist, studied of flora from the Tertiary era.[ 14] Falco (1957–1998), instrumentalist and singer.Maria Zhorella Fedorova (1915–2017), lyric soprano.Robert Fein (1907–1975), Olympic Champion weightlifter.Ferdinand I of Austria (1793–1875), Emperor of Austria.[ 15] Ferdinand I of Bulgaria (1861–1948), Tsar of Bulgaria .Ernst, Baron von Feuchtersleben (1806–1849), physician, poet and philosopher.[ 16] Paul Feyerabend (1924–1994), philosopher.Otto Fischer (1901–1941), football player and coach.Trude Fleischmann (1895–1990), photographer.Willi Forst (1903–1980), actor, director, singer and writer.Francis I of Austria & Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (1768–1835), Holy Roman Emperor and Emperor of Austria.[ 17] Viktor Frankl (1905–1997), neurologist and psychiatrist; founder of logotherapy .Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863–1914), heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary .[ 18] Franz Joseph I of Austria (1830–1916), Emperor of Austria.[ 19] Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), neurologist; founder of the psychoanalytic school of psychology .Karl von Frisch (1886–1982), animal psychologist, beekeeper and zoologist; co-recipient 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine .Nathan Michael Gelber (1891–1966), Austrian-Israeli historianHilda Geiringer (1893–1973), mathematician.Karl Geiringer (1899–1989), musicologist.Amon Göth (1908–1946), Nazi SS concentration camp commandant executed for war crimes.Maximilian Grabner (1905–1948), Nazi Gestapo chief in Auschwitz executed for crimes against humanity.Ilona Graenitz (1943–2022), Austrian MP and MEP.Franz Grillparzer (1791–1872), writer and dramatist.[ 20] Victor Gruen (1903–1980), architect.Ruth Grützbauch (born 1978), astronomer.Friedrich Gulda (1930–2000), composer and pianist.Alfred Guth (1908–1996), Austrian-born American water polo player, swimmer, and Olympic modern pentathlete.
Eduard Haas (1897–1989), inventor of Pez candy.Walter Hahn (born 1987), professional wrestler, performs under the name Gunther.Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger (1795–1871), Austrian mineralogist.[ 21] Franz Ritter von Hauer (1822–1899), an Austrian geologist.[ 22] Friedrich Hayek (1899–1992), economist; co-recipient of the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences .Andre Heller (born 1947), artist, poet and songwriter.Gottfried Helnwein (born 1948), artist.Dr. Otto Herschmann (1877–1942), saber fencer, Olympic silver; 100-m freestyle in swimming, Olympic silver.
Theodor Herzl (1860–1904), journalist; founder of modern political Zionism .Mickey Hirschl (1906–1991), Olympic-medal-winning wrestler , shot put and discus junior champion, weightlifting junior champion, and pentathlon champion.Pavla Hočevar (1889– 1972), Slovenian teacher, writer, socialist and suffragistHugo von Hofmannsthal (1874–1929), writer; founder of the Salzburg Festival .Oskar Homolka (1898–1978), actor.Moritz Hörnes (1815–1868), Austrian palaeontologist.[ 23] Count Joseph Alexander Hübner (1811–1892), Austrian diplomat.[ 24] Friedensreich Hundertwasser (1928–2000), architect and painter.Wolfgang Hutter (1928–2014), artist, painter and university art professor.Ernst Jandl (1925–2000), poet and writer.Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (1678–1711), ruler of the Austrian Habsburg monarchy from 1705 until his death[ 25] Josef Jungwirth (1869–1950), painterDora Kallmus (1881–1963), photographerMartin Karplus (1930–2024), theoretical chemist; co-recipient of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg (1711–1794), Austrian and Czech diplomat and statesman[ 26] Count Alajos Károlyi de Nagykároly (1825–1889), Austro-Hungarian diplomat[ 27] Gina Kaus (1893–1985), novelistAbraham Klausner (Austrian rabbi) , 14th-century rabbiMelchior Klesl (1552–1630), Austrian statesman and cardinal of the Roman Catholic church[ 28] Gustav Klimt (1862–1918), painterPina Kollar , singer-songwriterAlfred König (1913–1987), Austrian-Turkish Olympic sprinterFranz König (1905–2004), Cardinal Archbishop Karl Kordesch (1922–2011), chemist and inventorHans Krankl (born 1953), football playerKarl Kraus (1874–1936), satirist; publisher of the newspaper Die Fackel Klaus Kubinger (born 1949), psychologist, statistician, and university professorSteffi Kunke (1908–1942), teacher and anti-fascist activistHedy Lamarr (1914–2000), actress and inventorKarl Landsteiner (1868–1943), biologist and physician; discoverer of blood group ; recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Fritz Lang (1890–1976), directorRuth Langer (1921–1999), national champion swimmerJosef Lanner (1801–1843), composerNiki Lauda (1949–2019), entrepreneur and race car driverHenry Lehrman (1881–1946), silent film directorBill Leeb (born 1966), musicianLotte Lenya (1898–1981), actor and singerLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (1747–1792), Archduke of Austria from 1790 to 1792[ 29] Leopold Lindtberg (1902–1984), directorEdie Locke (1921–2020), fashion journalist[ 30] Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), behavioural scientist; co-recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Josef Lorenzl (1892–1950), sculptorTilly Losch (1903–1975), actress and dancerFritzi Löwy (1910–1994), Olympic swimmerBernhard Ludvik (born 1961), physician
Anna Mahler (1904–1988), sculptorGustav Mahler (1860–1911), composer and conductorNatascha Mair (born 1995), ballet dancerMarie Antoinette (1755–1793), daughter of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria ; last absolute Queen of France (1774– 1792)[ 31] Maria Theresa (1717–1780), daughter of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor ; Queen of Bohemia and Hungary (1740– 1780)[ 32] Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (1557–1619), Archduke of Austria from 1608 to 1619[ 33] Alice Mavrogordato (1916–2000), painter, translator during the Nuremberg trials [ 34] Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459–1519), Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death[ 35] Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (1527–1576,) Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death[ 36] Maximilian I of Mexico (1832–1867), Emperor of Mexico[ 37] Friederike Mayröcker (1924–2021), writerLise Meitner (1878–1968), physicistCarl Menger (1840–1921), economist and founder of the Austrian School of economics Karl Menger (1902–1985), mathematician and son of Carl Menger Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973), economistŠpelca Mladič (1894–1981), Slovenian painter and designerJohann August Georg Edmund Mojsisovics von Mojsvar (1839–1907), Austro-Hungarian geologist and palaeontologist.[ 38] Adele Molnar, voice actress of Piglett in the German dub of “Winnie the Poo”.
Elfriede Moser-Rath (1926–1993), folklorist.Karl Motesiczky (1904–1943), psychoanalyst.Felix Josef von Mottl (1856–1911), Austrian conductor and composer.[ 39] Reggie Nalder (1907–1991), film and television character actor.Itzhak Nener (1919–2012), jurist who cofounded the International Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists and served as vice-president of Liberal International .Johann Nestroy (1801–1862), playwright.Fritz Neugebauer (born 1944), second president of the Austrian National Council .Peter C. Newman (1929–2023), journalist.Saul K. Padover (1905–1981), historian and political scientist at The New School of Social Research in New York City, New York , US.Alfred Pal (1920–2010), Croatian graphic designer and painter.Bertha Pappenheim (1859–1936), feminist.Wolfgang Pauli (1900–1958), physicist.August von Pettenkofen (1822–1889), Austrian painter.[ 40] Ida Laura Pfeiffer (1797–1858), Austrian explorer, travel writer and ethnographer.[ 41] Caroline Pichler (1769–1843), Austrian historical novelist.[ 42] Johannes Pietsch (born 2001), singer, winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 .Anton Piëch (1894–1952), lawyer, son-in-law of Ferdinand Porsche.Thila Plaichinger (1868–1939), opera singer.Friderika Podgornik (1880–1948), Slovenian pianist and music educator.Karl Polanyi (1886–1964), economic historian.Alfred Polgar (1873–1955), author and journalist.Józef Poniatowski (1763–1813), Polish general.[ 43] Karl Popper (1902–1994), philosopher.Ellen Preis (Ellen Müller-Preis) (1912–2007) – German-born Austrian Olympic champion foil fencer.Friederike Proch Benesch (1805–1872), Chezh pianist, music educator and composer.Helmut Qualtinger (1928–1986), actor, cabaret performer and writer.Doron Rabinovici (born 1961), writer.Ferdinand Raimund (1790–1836), playwright.Heinrich Rauchinger (1858–1942), painter.Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757–1823), Austrian philosopher, popularised the work of Immanuel Kant .[ 44] Shoshana Ribner (1938–2007), Israeli Olympic swimme.Thomas Robinson, 2nd Baron Grantham (1738–1786), British statesman; Foreign Secretary , 1782/3.[ 45] Alma Rosé (1906–1944), violinist; killed at the Auschwitz concentration camp .Stella Rotenberg (1915–2013), poet and Shoah victim.Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (1552–1612), Archduke of Austria (1576–1608).[ 46]
Felix Salten (1869–1945), writer.Fritz Saxl (1890–1948), art historian.Egon Schiele (1890–1918), artist.Romy Schneider (1938–1982), actress.Arthur Schnitzler (1862–1931), story teller and playwright.Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951), composer, music theorist and painter.Joseph Schildkraut (1896–1964), actor.Pauline Schöller (1859–1941), soprano and voice teacher.[ 47] Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961), physicist; co-recipient of the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics .Franz Schubert (1797–1828), composer.Ernst Schwadron (1896–1979), architect.Moritz von Schwind (1804–1871), Austrian painter.[ 48] Peter Seisenbacher (born 1960), judoka.Karl Seitz (1869–1950), first President of Austria .Hans Selye (1907–1982), physiologist.Dovid Shmidel [ 49] Matthias Sindelar (1903–1939), football player.Josef Singer (1923–2009), Israeli President of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology .Hans Werner Sokop (born 1942), poet and translator.Ignaz Sowinski (1858–1917), architect.Leopold Stein , psychologist and author.Josef von Sternberg (1894–1969), film director.Eduard Strauss (1835–1916), composer.Johann Strauss I (1804–1849), Austrian composer of the Romantic Period.[ 50] Johann Strauss II (1825–1899), composer.Josef Strauss (1827–1870), composer.Erich von Stroheim (1885–1957), actor.István Széchenyi (1791–1860), Hungarian politician, political theorist and writer.[ 51] Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe (1833–1895), an Austrian statesman.[ 52] Sara Telek (born 1988), football referee.Friedrich Torberg (1908–1979), writer and journalist.Maria von Trapp (1905–1987), guitarist singer and deutergamy of Baron Georg von Trapp .Olga von Türk-Rohn (1865–1940), soprano and baronessRobert Valberg (1884–1955), stage and film actor.Barbara Valentin (1940–2002), actress.Thomas Vanek (born 1984), professional ice hockey player.Nikolas Vogel (1967–1991), film actor and news camera operator.Otto Wagner (1841–1918), architect.Maria Wähnl (1908–1989), astronomer.Bruno Walter (1876–1962), conductor.Christoph Waltz (born 1956), actor.Katia Wagner (born 1988), Miss Earth Air 2013.Erich Wasicky (1911–1947), Nazi SS pharmacist at Mauthausen concentration camp in charge of gassing victims; was executed.Anton von Webern (1883–1945), composer.Otto Weininger (1880–1903), philosopher.Franz Werfel (1890–1945), writer.Christine Werner (born 1954), writerMarion Wiesel (born Mary Renate Erster; 1931–2025), Austrian-American Holocaust survivor , humanitarian, and translatorCyla Wiesenthal (1908–2003), wife of Simon Wiesenthal[ 53] Simon Wiesenthal (1908–2005), nazi hunter [ 54] Friedrich von Wieser (1851–1926), economist.Geri Winkler (born 1956), mountaineer.Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951), philosopher.Toto Wolff (born 1972), motorsport executive, investor, and former racing driver.Hermine Zaynard (1913–1943), political activistJoe Zawinul (1932–2007), composer, keyboard player and jazz pianist.Heinz Zednik (born 1940), tenor.Heinrich Ritter von Zeissberg (1839–1899), Austrian historian.[ 55] Alexander von Zemlinski (1871–1942), composer.Fred Zinnemann (1907–1997), director.Zoë (born 1996), singer-songwriter and actress.Birgit Zotz (born 1979), writer.Stefan Zweig (1881–1942), writer.Károly Zipernowsky (1853–1942), electrical engineer who co-invented the transformer
↑ "Ilse Aichinger geb. 1921" (in German). 15 January 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016 .↑ "Jugend-TOTO-Cup: David Alaba im Porträt" (in German). 8 October 2011. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2016 .{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link )↑ "About Chris" . Retrieved 9 November 2016 .↑ "Anzengruber, Ludwig" Encyclopædia Britannica 2 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 158.↑ "Arneth, Alfred" Encyclopædia Britannica 2 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 629.↑ "Bauernfeld, Eduard von" Encyclopædia Britannica 3 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 538– 539.↑ "Bitter, Karl Theodore Francis" Encyclopædia Britannica 4 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 13.↑ "Castelli, Ignaz Franz" Encyclopædia Britannica 5 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 471.↑ "Collin, Heinrich Joseph von" Encyclopædia Britannica 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 690.↑ "Czerny, Karl" Encyclopædia Britannica 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 724.↑ "Daun, Leopold Josef, Count von" Encyclopædia Britannica 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 849.↑ "Dittersdorf, Karl Ditters von" Encyclopædia Britannica 8 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 324– 325.↑ "Elssler, Fanny" Encyclopædia Britannica 9 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 300.↑ "Ettingshausen, Constantin" Encyclopædia Britannica 9 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 863.↑ "Ferdinand I. of Austria" Encyclopædia Britannica 10 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 263.↑ "Feuchtersleben, Ernst, Freiherr von" Encyclopædia Britannica 10 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 296– 297.↑ "Francis II. (emperor)" Encyclopædia Britannica 10 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 933– 934.↑ Pribram, Alfred Francis (1922). "Francis Ferdinand" Encyclopædia Britannica 31 (12th ed.).↑ Pribram, Alfred Francis (1922). "Francis Joseph I." Encyclopædia Britannica 31 (12th ed.).↑ Robertson, John George (1911). "Grillparzer, Franz" Encyclopædia Britannica 12 (11th ed.). pp. 596– 598.↑ Woodward, Horace Bolingbroke (1911). "Haidinger, Wilhelm Karl" Encyclopædia Britannica 12 (11th ed.). p. 820.↑ "Hauer, Franz, Ritter von" Encyclopædia Britannica 13 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 65.↑ "Hörnes, Moritz" Encyclopædia Britannica 13 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 710.↑ "Hübner, Joseph Alexander, Count" Encyclopædia Britannica 13 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 846.↑ "Joseph I" Encyclopædia Britannica 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 514.↑ "Kaunitz-Rietburg, Wenzel Anton, Prince von" Encyclopædia Britannica 15 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 699– 700.↑ "Károlyi, Aloys, Count" Encyclopædia Britannica 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 681.↑ "Klesl, Melchior" Encyclopædia Britannica 15 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 846.↑ "Leopold II. (emperor)" Encyclopædia Britannica 16 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 459– 460.↑ Feitelberg, Rosemary (3 September 2020). "Former Mademoiselle Editor Edith Raymond Locke Dies at 99" . Women's Wear Daily . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ↑ Phillips, Catherine Beatrice (1911). "Marie Antoinette" Encyclopædia Britannica 17 (11th ed.). pp. 710– 712. ↑ "Maria Theresa" Encyclopædia Britannica 17 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 708– 709.↑ "Matthias (emperor)" Encyclopædia Britannica 17 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 899– 900.↑ Korotin, Ilse (19 May 2016). "Blum Mavrogordato, Alice". biografiA: Lexikon österreichischer Frauen [ biografiA: Lexicon of Austrian Women ] (in German). Böhlau Verlag Wien. pp. 354– 355. ISBN 978-3-205-79590-2 ↑ Holland, Arthur William (1911). "Maximilian I. (emperor)" Encyclopædia Britannica 17 (11th ed.). pp. 922– 923. ↑ "Maximilian II. (emperor)" Encyclopædia Britannica 17 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 923– 924.↑ "Maximilian, emperor of Mexico" Encyclopædia Britannica 17 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 924– 925.↑ "Mojsisovics von Mojsvar, Johann August Georg Edmund" Encyclopædia Britannica 18 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 651.↑ "Mottl, Felix" Encyclopædia Britannica 18 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 931.↑ "Pettenkofen, August von" Encyclopædia Britannica 21 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 336.↑ "Pfeiffer, Ida Laura" Encyclopædia Britannica 21 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 339.↑ "Pichler, Karoline" Encyclopædia Britannica 21 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 582.↑ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Poniatowski, Joseph Anthony" Encyclopædia Britannica 22 (11th ed.). p. 61.↑ "Reinhold, Karl Leonhard" Encyclopædia Britannica 23 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 56– 57.↑ "Grantham, Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron" Encyclopædia Britannica 12 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 350; see para 2. Grantham's elder son, Thomas Robinson (1738–1786), who became the 2nd baron, was born at Vienna... ↑ "Rudolph II." Encyclopædia Britannica 23 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 817.↑ Kutsch, K. J.; Riemens, Leo (2003). "Schöller, Pauline". In Rost, Hansjörg (ed.). Grosses Sängerlexikon K. G. Saur Verlag . pp. 4250– 4251. ISBN 978-3-598-44088-5 ↑ "Schwind, Moritz von" Encyclopædia Britannica 24 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 394– 395.↑ פרשת בית חולים ברזילי | מחזיק תיק כבוד המת ומלחמתו בביה"ח Haaretz . Retrieved 3 November 2016 .↑ "Strauss, Johann" Encyclopædia Britannica 25 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 1003.↑ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Széchenyi, Istvan, Count" Encyclopædia Britannica 26 (11th ed.). p. 318.↑ Headlam, James Wycliffe (1911). "Taaffe, Eduard Franz Joseph von, Count" Encyclopædia Britannica 26 (11th ed.). pp. 321– 322.↑ van der Vat, Dan (4 November 2003). "Cyla Wiesenthal" . The Guardian . Retrieved 17 October 2025 . ↑ Pick, Hella (20 September 2005). "Simon Wiesenthal" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2 November 2025 . ↑ "Zeissberg, Heinrich, Ritter" Encyclopædia Britannica 28 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 965.
