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James J. Collins

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James Joseph Collins (born June 26, 1965) is an American systems biologist, biomedical engineer, and biophysicist who is one of the founders of synthetic biology. He is known for pioneering synthetic gene networks and programmable cells, which launched the field of synthetic biology and influenced research in the detection and treatment of Ebola, Zika, and SARS-CoV-2. He pioneered the use of artificial intelligence in antibiotic discovery, identifying novel antibiotics effective against drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. He is also known for pioneering stochastic resonance, neurostimulation, and biological dynamics in the research of physiological and biological systems. He is the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering & Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

James J. Collins
Collins in 2025
Born (1965-06-26) June 26, 1965 (age 60)
New York City, U.S.
EducationCollege of the Holy Cross (BA)
University of Oxford (DPhil)
Known forPioneering synthetic biology
Discovery of halicin and abaucin
Spouse
Mary McNaughton Collins
​
​
(m. 1990)​
AwardsMacArthur Fellowship (2003)
NIH Director's Pioneer Award (2007)
Lagrange Prize (2010)
HFSP Nakasone Award (2015)
Dickson Prize in Medicine (2020)
Max Delbruck Prize (2020)
Marvin J. Johnson Award (2021)
Feynman Prize (2023)
Clarivate Citation Laureate (2023)
IET Achievement Medal (2023)
IEEE Medal for Innovations in Healthcare Technology (2025)
Scientific career
FieldsBiological engineering
Biomedical engineering
Systems biology
Biophysics
InstitutionsMassachusetts Institute of Technology
Harvard University
ThesisJoint Mechanics: Modeling of the Lower Limb (1990)
John J. O'Connor

After graduating from the College of the Holy Cross, Collins earned his doctorate in medical engineering from the University of Oxford in 1990 as a Rhodes Scholar. He was a professor of biomedical engineering, a professor of medicine, University Professor, and the William Fairfield Warren Distinguished Professor at Boston University, where he co-founded the Center for BioDynamics before moving to MIT in 2014. He is currently a director of the MIT Jameel Clinic, a member of the Harvard–MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology and the Broad Institute, and a core faculty member of the Wyss Institute at Harvard University and IMES.

Collins is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine, the National Academy of Engineering, and the National Academy of Sciences. He was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 2003 for biotechnology research, the Lagrange Prize in 2010 for outstanding contributions to complexity science, and the Dickson Prize in Medicine in 2020 for pioneering synthetic biology. He received the Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology in 2023 and was named a Clarivate Citation Laureate in Chemistry that same year for pioneering synthetic gene circuits.

Early life and education

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Collins was born on June 26, 1965, in the Bronx, then moved to Bellerose, New York.[1] His father was an aviation engineer employed in NASA and military projects,[2] and partly developed the optical system for the Apollo Lunar Module.[3] His mother was a mathematician.[4] His paternal grandfather, Maurice Collins, and his paternal grandmother, Helen Kiely, were both Irish natives who were raised in Abbeyfeale, County Limerick, and Kiskeam, County Cork, respectively.[5] At age 10, Collins moved to New Hampshire with his family after finishing elementary school,[6] growing up in Nashua.[7] He first developed an interest in medical engineering when one of his grandfathers became blind and the other suffered multiple strokes.[2]

After high school, Collins initially intended to study electrical engineering in college. He was admitted to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), but chose instead to enroll at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, for its community.[8] As an undergraduate at Holy Cross, he was a member of its track and cross country teams, and ran a 4:17 mile.[9] He worked as a cartoonist for the school newspaper, The Crusader, in addition to being a class officer and editor of a science literary magazine.[8] He also won a President's Volunteer Service Award and, in 1986, was named the Fenwick Scholar, the college's highest academic honor.[8] He graduated summa cum laude from Holy Cross with a Bachelor of Arts in physics as valedictorian in 1987.[8] As the Fenwick Scholar, he had been exempted from classes to pursue independent research as a senior and completed a thesis titled, "Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation: An Analysis of the Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Foundations of Walking".[10][4]

After graduating from Holy Cross, Collins was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to study in England at the University of Oxford.[11] As a Rhodes Scholar, he earned his Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in medical engineering from Balliol College, Oxford, in 1990.[12] His doctoral dissertation, completed under John J. O'Connor at the Department of Engineering Science, was titled, "Joint Mechanics: Modelling of the Lower Limb".[13] While pursuing his doctorate, he played as a member of the Oxford University Men's Basketball team and earned an Oxford Blue.[11] In 1989, while still a doctoral student, Collins began a collaboration with mathematician Ian Stewart, with whom he published a series of papers on animal locomotion during the 1990s.[11]

Academic career

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Boston University (1990–2014)

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Collins in 2009

After receiving his doctorate, Collins joined the faculty of Boston University (BU) in 1990.[2] One of his early research focuses included kinesiology; he developed a series of devices to improve locomotion, neural function, and cardiac function, including vibrating insoles.[2] He was appointed a professor of biomedical engineering at the Boston University College of Engineering, where he co-founded the Center for BioDynamics in 1997 and served as its director,[14] and earned multiple recognitions for teaching, including being named the college's "Biomedical Engineering Teacher of the Year" and the university's "Professor of the Year".[15] He won the university's Metcalf Cup and Prize for Excellence in Teaching in 2000, the university's highest teaching honor.[15][16] While at BU, he simultaneously taught at Harvard Medical School from 1998 to 2010.[14]

In 1999, Collins, along with his biomedical engineering student Timothy Gardner, executed one of the first attempts to engineer genomes to perform certain functions. Together, they edited the genes of E. coli bacteria to create or stop creating certain proteins. Their findings of a genetic on/off, or "toggle switch," were published in Nature in an article now considered seminal in the field of synthetic biology.[17] In October 2003, he became the first bioengineer to be awarded a MacArthur Fellowship,[18] which he received for "identifying abstract principles underlying complex biological phenomena such as motor control during standing and walking".[19][20] That same year, he was the director of the Applied Biodynamics Laboratory at BU.[20] In 2008, he was named a principal investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute—the first from Boston University—to pursue research in gene expression and antibiotic resistance in single cells.[21] On May 18, 2009, he was appointed as one of BU’s two inaugural William F. Warren Distinguished Professors, alongside George Annas.[15] In 2010, he was appointed by President Barack Obama to the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues.[22]

By 2011, Collins held five appointments at Boston University: William F. Warren Distinguished Professor, University Professor, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Professor of Medicine, and co-director of the Center for BioDynamics.[23] That same year, he became the third BU professor to be elected to the National Academy of Engineering; by that time, his research focused on the invention of synthetic gene networks and the development of techniques to improve biological function and devices to treat brain failure and other diseases, such as Parkinson's disease.[24]

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2014–present)

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In December 2014, Collins moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he was appointed the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering & Science and was additionally named a professor at the Institute for Medical Engineering and Science.[2] Since then, he has been a joint professor in the MIT Department of Biological Engineering and a faculty member of the Biophysics Program, the Synthetic Biology Center, Microbiology Graduate Program, Computational & Systems Biology Initiative, and Center for Microbiome Informatics & Therapeutics, all at MIT.[14] He has also been a visiting professor of engineering science at the University of Oxford since 2023.[14]

In 2016, Collins was appointed Allen Distinguished Investigator by the Allen Institute to research potential synthetic biology applications to antimicrobial resistance in drug-resistant bacteria.[25][26] On October 3, 2018, he was named by Anantha Chandrakasan, the dean of the MIT School of Engineering, as faculty lead of the MIT Abdul Latif Jameel Clinic for Machine Learning in Health, alongside Regina Barzilay.[27][28] In addition to the MIT Jameel Clinic, he leads the Antibiotics-AI Project at MIT, a research initiative which uses deep learning to discover new antibiotics.[29] In 2024, he became a member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.[14] He is currently a member of the editorial board of the scientific journals Science, Cell, and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.[14]

Collins has been involved with a number of start-up companies, and his inventions and technologies have been licensed by over 25 biotech and medical device companies.[30][31] He is the co-founder of the biomedical companies Senti Biosciences, Sherlock Biosciences, and Cellarity.[14]

Harvard University

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Collins has been a visiting professor of systems biology at Harvard Medical School since 2008.[14] That same year, he became a founding Core Faculty Member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, where he currently is lead of Living Cellular Devices.[30] He has also been a member and senior associate[32] of the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT and a professor of the Harvard–MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology since 2014.[14]

Research

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Synthetic biology

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External videos
video icon How we're using AI to discover new antibiotics, TedX (2020)
video icon James Collins: Doing Good Science with an Underdog Spirit, Harvard Biotech (2026)

Collins' work on synthetic gene circuits launched the field of synthetic biology.[33] He was the first (along with Michael Elowitz and Stanislas Leibler) to show that one can harness the biophysical properties of nucleic acids and proteins to create biological circuits, which can be used to rewire and reprogram living cells.

In a paper published in Nature,[34] Collins designed and constructed a genetic toggle switch – a synthetic, bistable gene regulatory network – in E. coli. The toggle switch forms a synthetic, addressable cellular memory unit with broad implications for biophysics, biomedicine and biotechnology. In the same issue of Nature, Elowitz and Leibler showed that one can build a synthetic genetic oscillator (called the repressilator) in E. coli.[35] Collins’ Nature paper on the genetic toggle switch[34] and Elowitz's and Leibler's Nature paper[35] on the repressilator are considered landmark pieces which began the field of synthetic biology.[33]

Building on this work, Collins showed that synthetic gene networks can be used as regulatory modules and interfaced with a microbe's genetic circuitry to create programmable cells for a variety applications,[36] e.g., synthetic probiotics to serve as living diagnostics and living therapeutics to detect, treat and prevent infections such as cholera and C. difficile.[37][38] He also designed and constructed engineered riboregulators (RNA switches) for sensing and control,[39][40][41][42][43][44] microbial kill switches and genetic counters for biocontainment,[45][46][47] synthetic bacteriophage to combat resistant bacterial infections,[48][49] genetic switchboards for metabolic engineering,[50] and tunable genetic switches for gene and cell therapy.[51][52][53] Recently, Collins developed freeze-dried, cell-free synthetic gene circuits, an innovative platform that forms the basis for inexpensive, paper-based diagnostic tests for emerging pathogens (e.g., Zika, Ebola, SARS-CoV-2, antibiotic-resistant bacteria),[54][55][56][57] wearable biosensors,[58] and portable biomolecular manufacturing (e.g., to produce vaccine antigens) in the developing world.[59]

In the context of synthetic biology and regenerative medicine, Collins collaborated with Derrick Rossi and George Q. Daley on a study using synthetic mRNA technology for biomedical applications. The team showed that synthetic mRNA could be used for highly efficient stem cell reprogramming and redifferentiation. This work was published in Cell Stem Cell in 2010,[60] and Rossi used this synthetic biology technology platform to found Moderna.[61]

Collins has also used synthetic biology approaches (computational and experimental) to identify and address significant biological physics questions regarding the regulation of gene expression and cell dynamics. Collins, for example, has utilized synthetic gene networks to study the effects of positive feedback in genetic modules,[62][63] the role and origin of stochastic fluctuations in eukaryotic gene expression,[64] and the phenotypic consequences of gene expression noise and its effects on cell fate and microbial survival strategies in stressful environments.[65] Importantly, Collins has also demonstrated how synthetic gene circuits can be used to test, validate and improve qualitative and quantitative models of gene regulation,[66] and shown that biophysical theory and experiment can be coupled in bottom-up approaches to gain biological insights into the intricate processes of gene regulation.[67]

Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance

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Collins is also one of the leading researchers in systems biology through the use of experimental-computational biophysical techniques to reverse engineer and analyze endogenous gene regulatory networks.[68] Collins and collaborators showed that reverse-engineered gene networks can be used to identify drug targets, biological mediators and disease biomarkers.[69]

Collins and collaborators discovered, using systems biology approaches, that all classes of bactericidal antibiotics induce a common oxidative damage cellular death pathway.[70] This finding indicates that targeting bacterials systems that remediate oxidative damage, including the SOS DNA damage response, is a viable means of enhancing the effectiveness of all major classes of antibiotics and limiting the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This work established a mechanistic relationship between bacterial metabolism and antibiotic efficacy, which was further developed and validated by Collins and his team in a series of follow-on studies.[71]

Collins showed that certain metabolites could be used to enable bactericidal antibiotics to eradicate persistent, tolerant infections.[72] Additionally, Collins and co-workers discovered that sublethal levels of antibiotics activate mutagenesis by stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to multidrug resistance.[73] Collins and colleagues, using their systems approaches, also discovered a population-based resistance mechanism constituting a form of kin selection whereby a small number of resistant bacterial mutants, in the face of antibiotic stress, can, at some cost to themselves, provide protection to other more vulnerable, cells, enhancing the survival capacity of the overall population in stressful environments.[74]

In 2020, Collins was part of the team—with fellow MIT Jameel Clinic faculty lead Professor Regina Barzilay—that announced the discovery through deep learning of halicin, the first new antibiotic compound for 30 years, which kills over 35 powerful bacteria, including antimicrobial-resistant tuberculosis, the superbug C. difficile, and two of the World Health Organization's top-three most deadly bacteria.[75] In 2020, Collins, Barzilay and the MIT Jameel Clinic were also awarded funding through The Audacious Project to create the Antibiotics-AI Project and expand on the discovery of halicin in using AI to respond to the antibiotic resistance crisis through the development of new classes of antibiotics.[76]

Nonlinear dynamics in biological systems

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Collins also pioneered the development and use of nonlinear dynamical approaches to study, mimic and improve biological function,[77] expanding our ability to understand and harness the physics of living systems. Collins, for example, proposed that input noise could be used to enhance sensory function and motor control in humans.[78][79] He and collaborators showed that touch sensation and balance control in young and older adults, patients with stroke, and patients with diabetic neuropathy could be improved with the application of sub-sensory mechanical noise,[80] e.g., via vibrating insoles.[81] This work has led to the creation of a new class of medical devices to address complications resulting from diabetic neuropathy, restore brain function following stroke, and improve elderly balance.

Awards and honors

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Collins' scientific accomplishments have been recognized by numerous awards. In addition to receiving a MacArthur "Genius" Fellowship in 2003,[82] he was named one of the top 50 science and technology leaders of 2005 by Scientific American, for "Designing Artificial Life".[83][84] He had also been named as one of 100 young innovators shaping the future of technology in the Innovators Under 35 by MIT Technology Review in 1999.[85] In 2007, he was awarded the National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award for his project "A Network Biology Approach to Antibiotic Action and Bacterial Defense Mechanisms",[86] for which he received $25 million in funding over five years.[87] That same year, he was named a Senior Scholar Awardee in Aging Research by the Ellison Medical Foundation.[88] In 2010, he won the Lagrange-CRT Foundation Prize, given by the Institute for Scientific Interchange, for "outstanding contributions relevant to the progress of complexity science".[89]

Collins is an elected member of all three U.S. national academies.[90] In 1999, he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society in biological physics.[91] In 2000, he was elected a fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.[14] In 2002, he was elected a fellow of the Institute of Physics in the United Kingdom.[14] In 2011, he was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for his contributions to synthetic biology and genetic engineering.[92] In 2012, he was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in the area of Mathematical and Physical Sciences.[93] Collins was formally inducted into the academy on October 6, 2012.[94] On October 15, 2012, he was elected to the National Academy of Medicine.[95] In 2014, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences,[96] in the areas of Engineering Sciences, Biophysics, and Computational Biology.[97] On November 25, 2013, he was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in the field of Engineering.[98][99]

On November 13, 2012, Collins, together with Peter Palese, Jeffrey Ravetch, and John Mekalanos, received the Sanofi-Institut Pasteur Award in Paris, France, for "reducing antibiotic resistance and establishing innovative new treatments for bacterial infections".[100][101] In September 2014, he was awarded the Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP)'s Nakasone Award for innovating synthetic gene networks and programmable cells.[102] He received the Robert A. Pritzker Distinguished Lecture Award that same year.[14] On October 18, 2017, he was awarded the Jacob and Louise Gabbay Award in Biotechnology and Medicine at Brandeis University "for his inventive work in synthetic biology that created a new area of research, enabling multiple biomedical applications and launching a new sector of the biotechnology industry".[103]

Collins won the 2020 Max Delbruck Prize in Biological Physics, conferred by the American Physical Society, for "pioneering contributions at the interface of physics and biology, in particular the establishment of the field of synthetic biology and applications of statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics in biology and medicine".[104][105] That same year, he was awarded the Dickson Prize in Medicine, the highest honor of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, for pioneering synthetic biology.[106][107] In 2021, he was awarded the Marvin J. Johnson Award in Microbial and Biochemical Technology.[108] He was also awarded the 2021 Sigma Xi Walston Chubb Award for Innovation, which honors scientific and engineering creativity.[109] In 2023, Collins was named a Clarivate Citation Laureate along with Michael Elowitz and Stanislas Leibler "for pioneering work on synthetic gene circuits, which launched the field of synthetic biology",[110] and was awarded the Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology for his same work on gene circuits.[111] He received the IET Achievement Medal that same year.[112]

In 2025, Collins was awarded the IEEE Medal for Innovations in Healthcare Technology for "contributions to synthetic gene circuits and programmable cells, launching the field of synthetic biology, impacting healthcare applications".[113] In 2026, he was awarded the Tel Aviv University International Prize in Biophysics for "pioneering contributions to quantitative and synthetic biophysics".[114][115]

Personal life

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Collins married Mary McNaughton Collins, a classmate at the College of the Holy Cross, in 1990.[8] She is a professor at Harvard Medical School and a physician at Massachusetts General Hospital.[8] They have two children: Katie, a Marshall Scholar at the University of Cambridge, and Danny, a Knight-Hennessy Scholar at Stanford University.[5][116]

Selected publications

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References

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  1. ↑ Khan, Firdos Alam (May 8, 2014). Biotechnology in Medical Sciences. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4822-2367-5.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Trafton, Anne (November 14, 2015). "Reprogramming biology: Biological engineer James Collins designs genetic circuits with novel functions". MIT News. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  3. ↑ Ellis, Danielle (July 7, 2025). "Synthetic Biology and the Pursuit of Living Diagnostics and Therapeutics". News-Medical (interview). Retrieved May 25, 2026.
  4. 1 2 "James Collins: Doing Good Science with an Underdog Spirit", YouTube, Harvard Biotech Club, March 8, 2026, retrieved August 13, 2023
  5. 1 2 "Healthcare and Life Sciences: James Collins". Irish America. October 5, 2022. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  6. ↑ "From Dance Clubs to Syn Bio: MIT's Collins on Startups, Second Chances". American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering. Retrieved December 19, 2023 – via Xconomy.
  7. ↑ Baker, Billy (November 24, 2008). "Dream gig grants him freedom to explore". The Boston Globe. p. 16. Retrieved December 20, 2023.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Reardon, Michael (Winter 2007). "The Profile: James J. Collins Jr. '87". Holy Cross Magazine. Vol. 41, no. 1. College of the Holy Cross. p. 80. Archived from the original on August 22, 2016. Retrieved April 15, 2007.
  9. ↑ Zaman, Muhammed (April 20, 2020). Biography of Resistance. Harper. ISBN 978-0062862976.
  10. ↑ "Past Fenwick Scholars, Projects and Advisors". College of the Holy Cross. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  11. 1 2 3 Hopkin, Karen (May 1, 2008). "Switched on Science". The Scientist. Retrieved August 17, 2024.
  12. ↑ "Dickson Prize in Medicine awarded to Balliol alumnus". Balliol College, Oxford. University of Oxford. October 28, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2023.
  13. ↑ "Dissertations: Joint mechanics: modelling of the lower limb". Oxford SOLO. Oxford Libraries Information System. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Foreign Member: James Collins". Academia Europaea. 2026. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  15. 1 2 3 "President Names First Warren Professors | BU Today". Boston University. Retrieved May 25, 2026.
  16. ↑ Brick, Tricia (Spring 2006). "Genius at Work". Bostonia. pp. 20–25. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
  17. ↑ "The New Transformers | The Brink". Boston University. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
  18. ↑ Tucker, Ian (May 21, 2011). "James Collins: A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  19. ↑ "MacArthur Fellows, October 2003". John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.
  20. 1 2 "James J. Collins: Biomedical Engineer". MacArthur Foundation. October 5, 2003. Retrieved May 25, 2026.
  21. ↑ Frink, Kate (Fall 2008). "Collins Named BU's First HHMI Investigator" (PDF). p. 14. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2024. Retrieved May 25, 2026.
  22. ↑ "Jim J. Collins, Ph.D. | Catalio Capital Management". www.cataliocapital.com. Retrieved December 19, 2023.[permanent dead link]
  23. ↑ Threats, Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Microbial (2011), "Speaker Biographies", The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology: Workshop Summary, National Academies Press (US), retrieved May 25, 2026
  24. ↑ "ENG's James Collins Honored for Research | BU Today". Boston University. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  25. ↑ "James Collins named new Allen Distinguished Investigator". Wyss Institute. March 15, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  26. ↑ Shaner, Karen (April 13, 2016). "James Collins appointed 2016 Allen Distinguished Investigator". MIT News. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  27. ↑ "Regina Barzilay, James Collins, and Phil Sharp join leadership of new effort on machine learning in health". MIT News. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. October 3, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  28. ↑ "People". J-Clinic. Archived from the original on November 30, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  29. ↑ Trafton, Anne (December 20, 2023). "Using AI, MIT researchers identify a new class of antibiotic candidates". MIT News. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  30. 1 2 "Core Faculty: James J. Collins, Ph.D." Wyss Institute. August 5, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  31. ↑ Saunders, Fenella (February 6, 2023). "Synthesizing Engineering and Biology". American Scientist. Sigma Xi. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  32. ↑ "Harvard's Wyss Institute welcomes Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a new collaborating institution". Wyss Institute. December 3, 2014. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
  33. 1 2 Editorial: Ten years of synergy, Nature 463, 269-270 (21 January 2010), doi:10.1038/463269b
  34. 1 2 Gardner, TS; Cantor CR; Collins JJ (January 20, 2000). "Construction of a genetic toggle switch in Escherichia coli". Nature. 403 (6767): 339–342. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..339G. doi:10.1038/35002131. PMID 10659857. S2CID 345059.
  35. 1 2 Elowitz MB, Leibler S (2000). "A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators". Nature. 403 (6767): 335–8. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..335E. doi:10.1038/35002125. PMID 10659856. S2CID 41632754.
  36. ↑ Kobayashi H, Kaern M, Araki M, Chung K, Gardner TS, Cantor CR; et al. (2004). "Programmable cells: interfacing natural and engineered gene networks". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 101 (22): 8414–9. Bibcode:2004PNAS..101.8414K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402940101. PMC 420408. PMID 15159530.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  37. ↑ Mao N, Cubillos-Ruiz A, Cameron DE, Collins JJ (2018). "Probiotic strains detect and suppress cholera in mice". Sci Transl Med. 10 (445) eaao2586. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aao2586. PMC 7821980. PMID 29899022.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ↑ Cubillos-Ruiz A, Alcantar MA, Donghia NM, Cárdenas P, Avila-Pacheco J, Collins JJ (2022). "An engineered live biotherapeutic for the prevention of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis". Nat Biomed Eng. 6 (7): 910–921. doi:10.1038/s41551-022-00871-9. hdl:1721.1/147989. PMID 35411114. S2CID 248100868.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  39. ↑ Isaacs, FJ; Dwyer, DJ; Ding, C; Pervouchine, DD; Cantor, CR; Collins, JJ (2004). "Engineered riboregulators enable post-transcriptional control of gene expression". Nat Biotechnol. 22 (7): 823–4 2004. doi:10.1038/nbt986. PMID 15208640. S2CID 7289450.
  40. ↑ Green AA, Silver PA, Collins JJ, Yin P (2014). "Toehold switches: de-novo-designed regulators of gene expression". Cell. 159 (4): 925–39. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.002. PMC 4265554. PMID 25417166.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  41. ↑ Green AA, Kim J, Ma D, Silver PA, Collins JJ, Yin P (2017). "Complex cellular logic computation using ribocomputing devices". Nature. 548 (7665): 117–121. Bibcode:2017Natur.548..117G. doi:10.1038/nature23271. PMC 6078203. PMID 28746304.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  42. ↑ Angenent-Mari NM, Garruss AS, Soenksen LR, Church G, Collins JJ (2020). "A deep learning approach to programmable RNA switches". Nat Commun. 11 (1): 5057. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5057A. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18677-1. PMC 7541447. PMID 33028812.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  43. ↑ Zhao EM, Mao AS, de Puig H, Zhang K, Tippens ND, Tan X; et al. (2022). "RNA-responsive elements for eukaryotic translational control". Nat Biotechnol. 40 (4): 539–545. doi:10.1038/s41587-021-01068-2. PMID 34711989. S2CID 240153815.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ↑ Gayet RV, Ilia K, Razavi S, Tippens ND, Lalwani MA, Zhang K; et al. (2023). "Autocatalytic base editing for RNA-responsive translational control". Nat Commun. 14 (1): 1339. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.1339G. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36851-z. PMC 10008589. PMID 36906659.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  45. ↑ Friedland AE, Lu TK, Wang X, Shi D, Church G, Collins JJ (2009). "Synthetic gene networks that count". Science. 324 (5931): 1199–202. Bibcode:2009Sci...324.1199F. doi:10.1126/science.1172005. PMC 2690711. PMID 19478183.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  46. ↑ Callura JM, Dwyer DJ, Isaacs FJ, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2010). "Tracking, tuning, and terminating microbial physiology using synthetic riboregulators". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 107 (36): 15898–903. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10715898C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1009747107. PMC 2936621. PMID 20713708.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  47. ↑ Chan CT, Lee JW, Cameron DE, Bashor CJ, Collins JJ (2016). "'Deadman' and 'Passcode' microbial kill switches for bacterial containment". Nat Chem Biol. 12 (2): 82–6. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1979. PMC 4718764. PMID 26641934.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  48. ↑ Lu TK, Collins JJ (2007). "Dispersing biofilms with engineered enzymatic bacteriophage". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 104 (27): 11197–202. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10411197L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704624104. PMC 1899193. PMID 17592147.
  49. ↑ Lu TK, Collins JJ (2009). "Engineered bacteriophage targeting gene networks as adjuvants for antibiotic therapy". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106 (12): 4629–34. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.4629L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0800442106. PMC 2649960. PMID 19255432.
  50. ↑ Callura JM, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2012). "Genetic switchboard for synthetic biology applications". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109 (15): 5850–5. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.5850C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1203808109. PMC 3326468. PMID 22454498.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  51. ↑ Deans TL, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2007). "A tunable genetic switch based on RNAi and repressor proteins for regulating gene expression in mammalian cells". Cell. 130 (2): 363–72. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.045. PMID 17662949. S2CID 7960766.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  52. ↑ Cho JH, Collins JJ, Wong WW (2018). "Universal Chimeric Antigen Receptors for Multiplexed and Logical Control of T Cell Responses". Cell. 173 (6): 1426–1438.e11. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.038. PMC 5984158. PMID 29706540.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  83. ↑ "Scientific American 50: SA 50 Winners and Contributors". Scientific American. Retrieved May 26, 2026.
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  86. ↑ "Funded Research". commonfund.nih.gov. Retrieved May 26, 2026.
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  89. ↑ "James Collins Wins Lagrange Prize | BU Today". Boston University. Retrieved May 26, 2026.
  90. ↑ "James J. Collins, PhD". MIT Department of Biological Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  91. ↑ "APS Fellows archive: James Collins". American Physical Society. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
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  102. ↑ "Wyss Institute Core Faculty James Collins to receive the Human Frontier Science Program Nakasone Award". Wyss Institute. September 8, 2014. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  103. ↑ "Gabbay Award Winners". www.brandeis.edu. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
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  111. ↑ "Feynman Prizes Winners 2023". Foresight Institute. October 27, 2023. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
  112. ↑ "World leading engineers win at IET Achievement Awards". www.theiet.org. October 23, 2023. Retrieved May 27, 2026.
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  114. ↑ "MIT School of Engineering faculty receive awards in winter 2026". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. May 7, 2026. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
  115. ↑ Silva, Jordan (May 7, 2026). "MIT School of Engineering faculty receive awards in winter 2026". MIT News. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
  116. ↑ "Duke Senior Launches Himself Towards Big Regwards". Duke Today. October 19, 2023. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2024.

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