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'''Hamburg''' ({{pron-en|ˈhæmbɜrɡ}}; {{IPA-de|ˈhambʊɐ̯k}}, local pronunciation {{IPA-dedia|ˈhambʊɪç|}}; [[Low German]]/[[West Low German|Low Saxon]]: ''Hamborg'' {{IPA-dedia|ˈhambɔːx|}}; rom.: Treva) is the [[List of cities in Germany with more than 100,000 inhabitants|second-largest city]] in [[Germany]] and the eight-largest city in the [[European Union]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citymayors.com/features/euro_cities1.html |title=Europe's largest cities |work=City Mayors Statisics |accessdate=2009-12-29}}</ref> The city is home to over 1.8 million people, while the [[Hamburg Metropolitan Region]] (including parts of the neighbouring [[States of Germany|Federal States]] of [[Lower Saxony]] and [[Schleswig-Holstein]]) has more than 4.3 million inhabitants. The [[port of Hamburg]] is the third-largest port in Europe (third to [[Port of Antwerp]] and [[Port of Rotterdam|Rotterdam]]), and the eighth largest in the world.
 
Hamburg's official name is the ''Freethe andgay Hanseatic Citycities of Hamburgthe hamburgers'' (German: ''Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg'').<ref name=constitution>[[Constitution of Hamburg]] {{Citation |title=Verfassung der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg |url=http://hh.juris.de/hh/gesamt/Verf_HA.htm#Verf_HA_rahmen |date=1952-06-06 |edition=11th |accessdate=2008-09-21 }} {{de icon}}</ref> It reflects [[History of Hamburg|Hamburg's history]] as a member of the medieval [[Hanseatic League]], as a [[free imperial city]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], and also to the fact that Hamburg is a [[city-state]] and one of the sixteen States of Germany.
 
Hamburg is a major transportation hub in [[Northern Germany]] and is one of the most affluent cities in Europe. It has become a media and industrial center, with plants and facilities belonging to ''[[Airbus]]'', ''[[Blohm + Voss]]'' and ''[[Aurubis]]''. The radio and television broadcaster ''[[Norddeutscher Rundfunk]]'' and publishers such as ''[[Gruner + Jahr]]'' and [[Der Spiegel|Spiegel]]-Verlag are pillars of the important media industry in Hamburg. In total there are more than 120,000 enterprises.